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1

项与 Peptech (UK) Limited 相关的药物

Peptide-T(Peptech Uk)

靶点

CCR5

作用机制

CCR5拮抗剂

在研机构-

原研机构

Peptech (UK) Limited

在研适应症-

非在研适应症

阿尔茨海默症 [+7]

最高研发阶段终止

首次获批国家/地区-

首次获批日期-

100 项与 Peptech (UK) Limited 相关的临床结果

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0 项与 Peptech (UK) Limited 相关的专利（医药）

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3

项与 Peptech (UK) Limited 相关的文献（医药）

1998-01-01·Developments in biological standardization

Will adjuvants be needed for vaccines of the future?

Review

作者: Bomford, R

Adjuvants improve the uptake of antigens by the immune system, and stimulate antigen-presenting cells (APC) to express "danger signals" such as the secretion of cytokines. The physical changes in antigen distribution can also be brought about by DNA vaccines, which provide persistent antigenic stimulation, access to the endogenous antigen processing pathway and, with the appropriate mode of injection, targeting to APC; however the question of whether DNA vaccines induce danger signals is unresolved. This presentation reviews the particular features of the adjuvant action of Al(OH)3, muramyl dipeptides and saponins, and the danger signals they induce in APC to ascertain whether they provide clues as to how DNA vaccines might be improved. Three conclusions are drawn: (i) adjuvants differ in the relative efficacy with which they stimulate Th1 and Th2 cells; (ii) IL-1 is the only identified common danger signal induced by the three adjuvants; (iii) in the case of both muramyl dipeptides and saponins there are toxic and nontoxic analogues, and the adjuvant activity can be separated from the toxicity. The basis of the difference between the toxic and non-toxic analogues is not clear.

Developments in Biological Standardization

Will adjuvants be needed for vaccines of the future?

作者: Bomford, R.

A review with 17 referencesAdjuvants improve the uptake of antigens by the immune system, and stimulate antigen-presenting cells (APC) to express "danger signals" such as the secretion of cytokines.The phys. changes in antigen distribution can also be brought about by DNA vaccines, which provide persistent antigenic stimulation, access to the endogenous antigen processing pathway and, with the appropriate mode of injection, targeting to APC; however the question of whether DNA vaccines induce danger signals is unresolved.This presentation reviews the particular features of the adjuvant action of Al(OH)₃, muramyl dipeptides and saponins, and the danger signals they induce in APC to ascertain whether they provide clues as to how DNA vaccines might be improved.Three conclusions are drawn: (i) adjuvants differ in the relative efficacy with which they stimulate Th1 and Th2 cells; (ii) IL-1 is the only identified common danger signal induced by the three adjuvants; (iii) in the case of both muramyl dipeptides and saponins there are toxic and nontoxic analogs, and the adjuvant activity can be separated from the toxicity.The basis of the difference between the toxic and non-toxic analogs is not clear.

Developments in biological standardization

Will adjuvants be needed for vaccines of the future

作者: R. Bomford

Adjuvants improve the uptake of antigens by the immune system, and stimulate antigen-presenting cells (APC) to express "danger signals" such as the secretion of cytokines. The physical changes in antigen distribution can also be brought about by DNA vaccines, which provide persistent antigenic stimulation, access to the endogenous antigen processing pathway and, with the appropriate mode of injection, targeting to APC; however the question of whether DNA vaccines induce danger signals is unresolved. This presentation reviews the particular features of the adjuvant action of Al(OH)3, muramyl dipeptides and saponins, and the danger signals they induce in APC to ascertain whether they provide clues as to how DNA vaccines might be improved. Three conclusions are drawn: (i) adjuvants differ in the relative efficacy with which they stimulate Th1 and Th2 cells; (ii) IL-1 is the only identified common danger signal induced by the three adjuvants; (iii) in the case of both muramyl dipeptides and saponins there are toxic and nontoxic analogues, and the adjuvant activity can be separated from the toxicity. The basis of the difference between the toxic and non-toxic analogues is not clear.

100 项与 Peptech (UK) Limited 相关的药物交易

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100 项与 Peptech (UK) Limited 相关的转化医学

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