A review.As controlling effect of HIV-specific T lymphocytes on in vivo HIV replication is approved, emphasis of HIV vaccine research has been more and more focused on HIV vaccine inducing specific T cell-mediated immunity, which can effectively control in vivo replication of HIV through inducing and enhancing in vivo specific T cell-mediated immunity targeting HIV.Recent progresses on HIV vaccine inducing specific T cell-mediated immunity in healthy and infected bodies are reviewed in this article.