:Diabetes has been linked to an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a condition
characterized by a subtle cognitive decline that may precede the development of dementia. The
underlying mechanisms connecting diabetes and MCI involve complex interactions between metabolic
dysregulation, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. A critical mechanism implicated in diabetes and
MCI is the activation of inflammatory pathways. Chronic low-grade inflammation, as observed in diabetes,
can lead to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha
(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interferon-gamma (IFNγ), each of which
can exacerbate neuroinflammation and contribute to cognitive decline. A crucial enzyme involved in
regulating inflammation is ADAM17, a disintegrin, and metalloproteinase, which can cleave and release
TNF-α from its membrane-bound precursor and cause it to become activated. These processes, in
turn, activate additional inflammation-related pathways, such as AKT, NF-κB, NLP3, MAPK, and
JAK-STAT pathways. Recent research has provided novel insights into the role of ADAM17 in diabetes
and neurodegenerative diseases. ADAM17 is upregulated in both diabetes and Alzheimer's disease,
suggesting a shared mechanism and implicating inflammation as a possible contributor to much
broader forms of pathology and pointing to a possible link between inflammation and the emergence
of MCI. This review provides an overview of the different roles of ADAM17 in diabetes-associated
mild cognitive impairment diseases. It identifies mechanistic connections through which ADAM17
and associated pathways may influence the emergence of mild cognitive impairment.