Article
作者: Labhardt, Niklaus  ; Tarr, Philip  ; Speck, Roberto  ; Hasse, Barbara  ; Salazar-Vizcaya, Luisa  ; Hoffmann, Matthias  ; Kovari, Helen  ; Haerry, David  ; Perreau, Matthieu  ; Weisser, Maja  ; Enkelmann, Jannik  ; Trkola, Alexandra  ; Cavassini, Matthias  ; Calmy, Alexandra  ; Filippidis, Paraskevas  ; Paioni, Paolo  ; Müller, Nicolas  ; Fehr, Jan  ; Abela, Irene A.  ; Kusejko, Katharina  ; Kouyos, Roger Dimitri  ; Jackson-Perry, David  ; Wendel-Garcia, Pedro D.  ; Nicca, Dunja  ; Günthard, Huldrych Fritz  ; Metzner, Karin Jutta  ; Staiger, Willy I.  ; Pantaleo, Giuseppe  ; Roche-Campo, Ferran  ; Groen, Kevin  ; Aebi-Popp, Karoline  ; Keiser, Olivia  ; Sauras-Colón, Esther  ; Hale, Benjamin G.  ; Stöckle, Marcel  ; Hösli, Irene  ; Anagnostopoulos, Alexia  ; Fellay, Jacques  ; Martinez de Tejada, Begogna  ; Battegay, Manuel  ; Hachfeld, Anna  ; Bucher, Heiner C.  ; Bernasconi, Enos  ; Kahlert, Christian R.  ; Dollenmaier, Günter  ; Schmid, Patrick  ; Wandeler, Gilles  ; Elzi, Luisa  ; Yerly, Sabine  ; Klimkait, Thomas  ; Fernbach, Sonja  ; Huber, Michael  ; Braun, Dominique Laurent  ; Nemeth, Johannes  ; Leuzinger, Karoline  ; Ciuffi, Angela  ; Kouyos, Roger D.  ; Egger, Mattias  ; Brugger, Silvio D.  ; Marzolini, Catja  ; Kuratli, Roger  ; Notter, Julia  ; Rauch, Andri  ; Kaiser, Laurent  ; Furrer, Hansjakob  ; Günthard, Huldrych F.  ; Hirsch, Hans H.  ; Fux, Christoph A.  ; Lejeune, Marylène 
Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFN-Is; IFNα or IFNω) exacerbate severe viral disease, but specific treatments are unavailable. With footprint profiling, we delineate two dominant IFN-I faces commonly recognized by neutralizing IFN-I autoantibody–containing plasmas from aged individuals with HIV-1 and from individuals with severe COVID-19. These faces overlap with IFN-I regions independently essential for engaging the IFNAR1/IFNAR2 heterodimer, and neutralizing plasmas efficiently block the interaction of IFN-I with both receptor subunits in vitro. In contrast, non-neutralizing autoantibody–containing plasmas limit the interaction of IFN-I with only one receptor subunit and display relatively low IFN-I–binding avidities, thus likely hindering neutralizing function. Iterative engineering of signaling-inert mutant IFN-Is (simIFN-Is) retaining dominant autoantibody targets created potent decoys that prevent IFN-I neutralization by autoantibody-containing plasmas and that restore IFN-I–mediated antiviral activity. Additionally, microparticle-coupled simIFN-Is were effective at depleting IFN-I autoantibodies from plasmas, leaving antiviral antibodies unaffected. Our study reveals mechanisms of action for IFN-I autoantibodies and demonstrates a proof-of-concept strategy to alleviate pathogenic effects.