Article
作者: Labhardt, Niklaus ; Tarr, Philip ; Speck, Roberto ; Hasse, Barbara ; Salazar-Vizcaya, Luisa ; Hoffmann, Matthias ; Kovari, Helen ; Haerry, David ; Perreau, Matthieu ; Weisser, Maja ; Enkelmann, Jannik ; Trkola, Alexandra ; Cavassini, Matthias ; Calmy, Alexandra ; Filippidis, Paraskevas ; Paioni, Paolo ; Müller, Nicolas ; Fehr, Jan ; Abela, Irene A. ; Kusejko, Katharina ; Kouyos, Roger Dimitri ; Jackson-Perry, David ; Wendel-Garcia, Pedro D. ; Nicca, Dunja ; Günthard, Huldrych Fritz ; Metzner, Karin Jutta ; Staiger, Willy I. ; Pantaleo, Giuseppe ; Roche-Campo, Ferran ; Groen, Kevin ; Aebi-Popp, Karoline ; Keiser, Olivia ; Sauras-Colón, Esther ; Hale, Benjamin G. ; Stöckle, Marcel ; Hösli, Irene ; Anagnostopoulos, Alexia ; Fellay, Jacques ; Martinez de Tejada, Begogna ; Battegay, Manuel ; Hachfeld, Anna ; Bucher, Heiner C. ; Bernasconi, Enos ; Kahlert, Christian R. ; Dollenmaier, Günter ; Schmid, Patrick ; Wandeler, Gilles ; Elzi, Luisa ; Yerly, Sabine ; Klimkait, Thomas ; Fernbach, Sonja ; Huber, Michael ; Braun, Dominique Laurent ; Nemeth, Johannes ; Leuzinger, Karoline ; Ciuffi, Angela ; Kouyos, Roger D. ; Egger, Mattias ; Brugger, Silvio D. ; Marzolini, Catja ; Kuratli, Roger ; Notter, Julia ; Rauch, Andri ; Kaiser, Laurent ; Furrer, Hansjakob ; Günthard, Huldrych F. ; Hirsch, Hans H. ; Fux, Christoph A. ; Lejeune, Marylène
Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFN-Is; IFNα or IFNω) exacerbate severe viral disease, but specific treatments are unavailable. With footprint profiling, we delineate two dominant IFN-I faces commonly recognized by neutralizing IFN-I autoantibody–containing plasmas from aged individuals with HIV-1 and from individuals with severe COVID-19. These faces overlap with IFN-I regions independently essential for engaging the IFNAR1/IFNAR2 heterodimer, and neutralizing plasmas efficiently block the interaction of IFN-I with both receptor subunits in vitro. In contrast, non-neutralizing autoantibody–containing plasmas limit the interaction of IFN-I with only one receptor subunit and display relatively low IFN-I–binding avidities, thus likely hindering neutralizing function. Iterative engineering of signaling-inert mutant IFN-Is (simIFN-Is) retaining dominant autoantibody targets created potent decoys that prevent IFN-I neutralization by autoantibody-containing plasmas and that restore IFN-I–mediated antiviral activity. Additionally, microparticle-coupled simIFN-Is were effective at depleting IFN-I autoantibodies from plasmas, leaving antiviral antibodies unaffected. Our study reveals mechanisms of action for IFN-I autoantibodies and demonstrates a proof-of-concept strategy to alleviate pathogenic effects.