Teduglutide Recombinant

▎药明康德内容团队报道 对于罕见病患者，每一款新药的诞生都是一束光！过去一年，在中国又有一批罕见病新药获批上市，为无数患者和家庭带来希望。在罕见病日到来的时节，让我们回顾这些进展，致敬科研与坚持的力量，期待更多生命被治愈。 根据中国国家药监局（NMPA）官方批件信息以及各公司公开资料，2024年全年有至少17款罕见病新药获批上市，覆盖Wilson病、阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症、血友病、“渐冻症”、杜氏肌营养不良等十多种罕见病类型。（本文盘点范围为2024年首次获NMPA批准上市的1类、3.1类和5.1类新药；罕见病参考中国《第一批罕见病目录》及《第二批罕见病目录》） 图片来源：123RF Orphalan公司：盐酸曲恩汀片 作用机制：铜离子络合剂 适应症：Wilson病 2024年1月，Orphalan公司的四盐酸曲恩汀薄膜衣片获NMPA批准上市，用于治疗不耐受D-青霉胺治疗的成人、青少年和≥5岁儿童的Wilson病（威尔逊病，又称肝豆状核变性）。在Wilson病患者中，遗传突变使这种胆汁排泄途径失效，导致过量的铜在肝细胞中累积，并最终超过身体的安全储存能力，引起细胞损伤。曲恩汀（trientine）是一款铜离子络合剂，它的作用类似青霉胺，可以促使铜通过肾脏排泄出体外。 罗氏：可伐利单抗注射液 作用机制：抗C5循环单克隆抗体 适应症：PNH 2024年2月，罗氏（Roche）的可伐利单抗获NMPA批准上市，用于未接受过补体抑制剂治疗的阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症（PNH）成人和青少年（≥12岁）患者。可伐利单抗是一种新型抗C5循环单克隆抗体，患者可进行每四周一次皮下注射。PNH是一种罕见且危及生命的综合征，患者容易出现乏力、骨髓衰竭、血红蛋白尿、贫血、血栓等症状。 诺贝仁医药：醋酸锌片 作用机制：铜吸收抑制剂 适应症：Wilson病（肝豆状核变性） 2024年2月，由诺贝仁制药（Nobelpharma）申报的5.1类新药醋酸锌片获NMPA批准上市， 用于治疗Wilson病。醋酸锌片是一种铜吸收抑制剂。研究表明，锌制剂既能阻止铜在肠道的吸收，也能清除沉积于组织中的铜，可作为该疾病的治疗方式之一。 武田：注射用替度格鲁肽 作用机制：GLP-2类似物 适应症：短肠综合征 2024年2月，武田（Takeda）研发的注射用替度格鲁肽获NMPA批准上市，用于治疗短肠综合征（SBS）成人和1岁及以上儿童患者。替度格鲁肽为一款人胰高血糖素样肽2（GLP-2）类似物。短肠综合征是指因各种原因引起广泛小肠切除后，肠道有效吸收面积减少，残存功能性肠管不能维持患者的营养或生长需求，出现以腹泻、酸碱/水/电解质紊乱、以及营养吸收和代谢功能障碍为主的症候群。研究证实，替度格鲁肽可以增加绒毛高度及隐窝深度，加强肠道上皮屏障，从而减轻局部炎症并改善肠道通透性，促进肠适应。 武田：注射用舒索凝血素α 作用机制：重组猪FⅧ（rpFⅧ）药物 适应症：获得性血友病A 2024年2月，武田注射用舒索凝血素α（susoctocog alfa）在中国获批上市，用于获得性血友病A成人患者按需治疗和出血事件的控制。舒索凝血素α是是一款重组猪FⅧ（rpFⅧ）药物，它与人序列凝血因子Ⅷ结构相似，序列同源，而且不容易受到抗人FⅧ自身抗体的灭活，可以替代人FⅧ发挥明显的止血作用。血友病（hemophilia）是一种X染色体连锁的隐性遗传性出血性疾病，可分为血友病A和血友病B。前者为凝血因子Ⅷ（FⅧ）缺乏，后者为凝血因子Ⅸ（FⅨ）缺乏，均由相应的凝血因子基因突变引起。 诺华：盐酸伊普可泮胶囊 作用机制：补体B因子口服抑制剂 适应症：PNH 2024年4月，诺华（Novartis）创新药物盐酸伊普可泮胶囊获得NMPA批准上市，用于治疗既往未接受过补体抑制剂治疗的阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿症（PNH）成人患者。盐酸伊普可泮胶囊是一款特异性补体B因子口服抑制剂，作用于免疫系统的补体旁路途径中的近端通路，可通过控制血管内溶血和血管外溶血，弥补抗C5抗体治疗的缺陷，为PNH提供了一种新型的口服单药靶向治疗选择。 爱施健：醋酸氟氢可的松片 作用机制：肾上腺皮质激素类产品 适应症：失盐型先天性肾上腺皮质增生症和失盐型原发性慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症 2024年5月，爱施健（aspen）的醋酸氟氢可的松片上市申请已获得NMPA批准上市，用于治疗失盐型先天性肾上腺皮质增生症（CAH）和失盐型原发性慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症（Addison病，艾迪生病）。其中，21-羟化酶缺乏症（21-OHD）是先天性肾上腺皮质增生症中最常见的类型，是由于编码21-羟化酶的基因缺陷导致肾上腺皮质类固醇激素合成障碍的一种先天性疾病，患者需要每天甚至终身服药。醋酸氟氢可的松片为肾上腺皮质激素类产品，能抑制结缔组织增生，降低毛细血管和细胞膜的通透性，减少炎性渗出，抑制组胺及其他炎症介质的形成和释放。 诺和诺德：注射用培妥罗凝血素α 作用机制：长效重组凝血因子VIII 适应症：血友病A 2024年7月，诺和诺德（Novo Nordisk）注射用培妥罗凝血素α获NMPA批准上市，用于12岁及以上成人和儿童血友病A患者按需治疗及控制出血事件、围手术期管理、常规预防治疗以防止或减少出血事件的发生。诺和诺德新闻稿指出，这是中国获批的首个长效重组凝血因子VIII（FVIII），开启了血友病长效治疗的新时代。注射用培图罗凝血素α（N8-GP）经创结构修饰后可将半衰期延长1.6倍，以长效治疗帮助血友病患者减少输液次数，减轻治疗负担。 元羿生物/Marinus公司：加那索龙口服混悬剂 作用机制：靶向GABAA受体的阳性别构调节剂 适应症：“希舞综合征” 2024年7月，元羿生物引进自Marinus公司的的加那索龙口服混悬剂在中国获批上市，用于治疗2岁及以上细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶5（CDKL5）缺乏症患者癫痫发作。CDKL5缺乏症（又称为“希舞综合征”）是由位于X染色体上的CDKL5基因突变引起，具有难以控制的癫痫发作和重度神经发育障碍等特征。加那索龙（ganaxolone）是一款靶向GABAA受体的阳性别构调节剂，具有静脉注射和口服两种给药方式。它作用于神经元突触和突触外GABAA受体，从而达到抗癫痫和抗焦虑活性的效用。 药华医药：罗培干扰素α-2b注射液 作用机制：超长效干扰素 适应症：真性红细胞增多症 2024年7月，药华医药的罗培干扰素获得NMPA批准上市，用于治疗真性红细胞增多症（PV），这是一种造血干细胞恶性肿瘤。罗培干扰素是单一异构体超长效干扰素，可2~4周注射1次。经多项临床研究显示，该产品可快速有效控制血细胞的过度增殖、并显著降低致病基因的突变负荷，从而有效降低血栓栓塞并发症及其所导致的死亡风险。 武田：注射用伏尼凝血素α 作用机制：重组血管性血友病因子 适应症：血管性血友病 2024年8月，武田的注射用vonicog alfa（注射用伏尼凝血素α）在中国获批上市，用于血管性血友病成人患者（18岁及以上）的按需治疗和出血事件控制，以及围手术期出血管理。血管性血友病是常见的遗传性出血性疾病之一，主要是由于血管性血友病因子（VWF）基因突变引起血浆中的血管性血友病因子数量减少或质量异常。根据不同的类型，VWD患者的出血严重程度差异大。其中血管性血友病Ⅲ型已在中国被纳入《第二批罕见病目录》。注射用伏尼凝血素α是一款重组血管性血友病因子。它包含完整的VWF多聚体，含有超大多聚体，半衰期长，可有效实现血管性血友病的替代治疗。 兴科蓉药业/奥克特珐玛：注射用重组人凝血因子Ⅷ 作用机制：重组人凝血因子Ⅷ 适应症：血友病A 2024年8月，奥克特珐玛（Octapharma）和兴科蓉药业共同申报的重组人凝血因子Ⅷ获NMPA批准上市。重组人凝血因子Ⅷ是一种用于血友病A替代治疗的产品。 渤健：托夫生注射液 作用机制：反义寡核苷酸（ASO）药物 适应症：SOD1基因突变的ALS成人患者 2024年10月，由渤健（Biogen）和Ionis Pharmaceuticals联合开发的托夫生注射液在中国获批上市，用于治疗携带超氧化物歧化酶1（SOD1）基因突变的肌萎缩侧索硬化（ALS）成人患者。ALS是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，也被称为“渐冻症”。许多基因被认为与此疾病有关联，其中具有SOD1突变的患者（SOD1-ALS）约占2%。且患者中大部分疾病进展迅速。托夫生注射液是一种反义寡核苷酸（ASO）药物，可通过减少SOD1蛋白合成，减少毒性SOD1蛋白的蓄积，从而减轻运动神经元的损伤，减缓疾病进展。 安进：阿伐可泮胶囊 作用机制：口服选择性补体5a（C5a）受体抑制剂 适应症：ANCA相关血管炎 2024年11月，安进（Amgen）公司的阿伐可泮胶囊获NMPA批准上市，适用于成人严重、活动性抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体（ANCA）相关性血管炎（肉芽肿性多血管炎[GPA]或显微镜下多血管炎[MPA]）在含糖皮质激素的标准治疗下的辅助治疗。ANCA相关血管炎（AAV）是一种罕见的血管炎症性疾病，其疾病机制是由于C5a补体途径的过度激活，进一步激活中性粒细胞，导致全身炎症反应和小血管破坏，进而可能导致肾脏、肺和其他器官的严重损伤和功能障碍。阿伐可泮是一款口服选择性补体5a（C5a）受体抑制剂，它通过精确阻断位于中性粒细胞等炎症细胞上的C5a受体，阻止这些细胞受到C5a的激活，降低炎症损伤。 华东医药：注射用利纳西普 作用机制：IL-1抑制剂 适应症：CAPS、复发性心包炎 2024年11月，华东医药引进的注射用利纳西普获NMPA批准上市，用于治疗成人和12岁及以上青少年冷吡啉相关周期性综合征（CAPS），包括家族性寒冷型自身炎症综合征（FCAS）、Muckle-Wells综合征（MWS）。同年12月，该产品获批罕见病新适应症，用于治疗成人和12岁及以上青少年复发性心包炎（RP）以及降低复发风险。注射用利纳西普是一款每周进行皮下注射给药的重组二聚体融合蛋白，可阻断白细胞介素-1α（IL-1α）和IL-1β的信号传导。 CAPS是与NLRP3基因缺陷有关的一组罕见的炎症性疾病。NLRP3基因突变的患者会不断过度产生IL-1β分子，从而引起炎症。该病的临床特征是反复发作的多系统炎症，累及皮肤、肌肉、骨骼、关节、眼、耳以及中枢神经系统等。复发性心包炎是一种罕见的自身炎症性的心血管疾病，患者会有反复的胸痛发作，且伴有危及生命的并发症。 益普生：奥德昔巴特胶囊 作用机制：IBAT抑制剂 适应症：进行性家族性肝内胆汁淤积症 2024年12月，益普生（Ipsen）公司奥德昔巴特胶囊（odevixibat）获NMPA批准上市，用于治疗≥6月龄的进行性家族性肝内胆汁淤积症（PFIC）患者的瘙痒。PFIC是一种罕见的儿童疾病，会导致进行性、危及生命的肝病。在许多情况下，PFIC在患者出生后10年内会发生肝硬化和肝衰竭。PFIC最突出的持续症状是剧烈瘙痒，患者的生活质量严重下降。奥德昔巴特胶囊是一种强效、非体循环回肠胆汁酸转运蛋白（IBAT）抑制剂，可通过抑制回肠远端胆汁酸的再摄取，增加胆汁酸通过结肠的清除，降低血清中胆汁酸浓度，减轻患者瘙痒症状。 曙方医药：伐莫洛龙口服混悬液 作用机制：新型解离性皮质类固醇 适应症：DMD 2024年12月，曙方医药引进自Santhera Pharmaceuticals的伐莫洛龙口服混悬液（vamorolone）在中国获批上市，用于治疗4岁及以上杜氏肌营养不良（DMD）患者。DMD是一种致命的罕见X连锁退行性神经肌肉疾病。伐莫洛龙的作用机制与糖皮质激素结合的受体相同，但改变了其下游活性，且不会造成局部组织扩增和局部组织中皮质类固醇相关毒性。 让罕见病不再“罕治”！我们期待在全球各界的共同携手努力下，罕见病治疗领域可以涌现更多创新成果，为更多患者照亮未来。 本文来自药明康德内容团队，欢迎个人转发至朋友圈，谢绝媒体或机构未经授权以任何形式转载至其他平台。转载授权或其他合作需求，请联系wuxi_media@wuxiapptec.com。 免责声明：药明康德内容团队专注介绍全球生物医药健康研究进展。本文仅作信息交流之目的，文中观点不代表药明康德立场，亦不代表药明康德支持或反对文中观点。本文也不是治疗方案推荐。如需获得治疗方案指导，请前往正规医院就诊。

Trial taking place at Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, a flagship United Arab Emirates hospital and largest teaching medical center in Abu Dhabi Crofelemer, Jaguar's novel plant-based prescription drug, has been granted Orphan Drug Designation by the FDA and the European Medicines Agency for both SBS-IF and MVID Proof-of-concept (POC) data generated from this study could potentially lead to reimbursed early patient access in certain European countries for crofelemer for these rare/orphan diseases SAN FRANCISCO, CA / ACCESS Newswire / February 3, 2025 / Jaguar Health, Inc. (NASDAQ:JAGX) (Jaguar) family companies Napo Pharmaceuticals (Napo) and Napo Therapeutics today announced that the first short bowel syndrome with intestinal failure (SBS-IF) patient has been dosed in the independent investigator-initiated pediatric POC trial (IIT) of crofelemer, Jaguar's novel plant-based antidiarrheal prescription drug. The first infant with microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) was dosed as part of the same IIT two weeks ago. POC data generated from this study potentially in the first half of 2025 could lead to reimbursed early patient access to crofelemer for these indications in certain European countries. The trial is being conducted by Dr. Mohamad Miqdady, a recognized leader in pediatric gastroenterology who is the Division Chief of the Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition Division at Sheikh Khalifa Medical City (SKMC), a flagship tertiary hospital in the UAE and the largest teaching medical center in Abu Dhabi . "Dosing of the SBS-IF first patient in this unblinded study is another important milestone in clinical development efforts for crofelemer for SBS-IF and MVID - both of which are rare and severe diseases requiring intensive parenteral nutrition and support," said Lisa Conte , Jaguar's founder, president, and CEO. "This study is one of five clinical efforts in rare diseases - three POC IIT studies and two Phase 2 studies - for crofelemer for the orphan disease indications of MVID and/or SBS-IF in the United States , European Union , and/or Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions," Conte said. "The Company's Phase 2 study to evaluate the efficacy of crofelemer for MVID in pediatric patients has been initiated, as has the independent IIT in the U.S. to evaluate crofelemer for SBS-IF in adults. The two additional studies are expected to initiate in early Q1 2025, with the availability of the first POC IIT result potentially in H1 2025, and with additional POC IIT results expected throughout 2025. In accordance with the guidelines of specific EU countries, published data from clinical investigations in MVID and SBS-IF could support reimbursed early patient access to crofelemer for these debilitating conditions." SBS-IF and MVID, rare and severe diseases requiring intensive parenteral nutrition and support, have severe morbidity and mortality implications and impact the quality of life of both patients and their caregivers. SBS affects approximately 10,000 to 20,000 people in the U.S. , according to the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation , and it is estimated that the population of SBS patients in Europe is approximately the same size. Pediatric SBS is a malabsorptive condition caused by surgical intestinal resection due to congenital abnormalities, vascular insufficiency or severe inflammatory intestinal disease. The incidence of pediatric SBS varies between 0.02% to 1.2% of live births.1 Based on an estimate of 3.6 million live births in the U.S. in 2023,2 the maximal incidence of pediatric SBS is estimated to be approximately 43,000. Pediatric SBS-IF is associated with significant morbidity and mortality; and high medical expenses, and the patients also have severe chronic diarrhea. The associated sequelae from chronic diarrhea include significant dehydration, metabolic acidosis or alkalosis, and malnutrition. MVID is a pediatric disease with an estimated prevalence of a couple of hundred patients globally. It is characterized by severe diarrhea and malabsorption, requiring intensive parenteral support for nutritional and fluid management. Each MVID patient is a unique patient; their journey requires very careful management of their nutritional needs, and there are currently no approved drug treatments for MVID. The trial is taking place at SKMC. Autosomal recessive disorders and congenital anomalies such as MVID are more prevalent in the MENA region. Crofelemer has been granted Orphan Drug Designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency for SBS and MVID . Dr. Miqdady is an Adjunct Professor at Khalifa University's medical school in Abu Dhabi , and serves as a member of Napo's Scientific Advisory Board . He completed his Fellowship in Pediatric Gastroenterology at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital in Houston . About Crofelemer Crofelemer is a novel, oral plant-based prescription medicine purified from the red bark sap, also referred to as "dragon's blood," of the Croton lechleri tree in the Amazon Rainforest. Napo has established a sustainable harvesting program, under fair trade practices, for crofelemer to ensure a high degree of quality, ecological integrity, and support for indigenous communities. About the Jaguar Health Family of Companies Jaguar Health, Inc. (Jaguar) is a commercial stage pharmaceuticals company focused on developing novel proprietary prescription medicines sustainably derived from plants from rainforest areas for people and animals with gastrointestinal distress, specifically associated with overactive bowel, which includes symptoms such as chronic debilitating diarrhea, urgency, bowel incontinence, and cramping pain. Jaguar family company Napo Pharmaceuticals (Napo) focuses on developing and commercializing human prescription pharmaceuticals for essential supportive care and management of neglected gastrointestinal symptoms across multiple complicated disease states. Napo's crofelemer is FDA-approved under the brand name Mytesi® for the symptomatic relief of noninfectious diarrhea in adults with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy. Jaguar family company Napo Therapeutics is an Italian corporation Jaguar established in Milan, Italy in 2021 focused on expanding crofelemer access in Europe and specifically for orphan and/or rare diseases. Jaguar Animal Health is a Jaguar tradename. Magdalena Biosciences, a joint venture formed by Jaguar and Filament Health Corp. that emerged from Jaguar's Entheogen Therapeutics Initiative (ETI), is focused on developing novel prescription medicines derived from plants for mental health indications. For more information about: Jaguar Health , visit https://jaguar.health Napo Pharmaceuticals , visit www.napopharma.com Napo Therapeutics, visit napotherapeutics.com Magdalena Biosciences, visit magdalenabiosciences.com Visit the Make Cancer Less Shitty patient advocacy program on Bluesky, X, Facebook & Instagram Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements in this press release constitute "forward-looking statements." These include statements regarding Jaguar's expectation that another IIT and another Phase 2 study of crofelemer will initiate in early Q1 2025, Jaguar's expectation that POC data from the IIT in Abu Dhabi may be available in H1 2025, Jaguar's expectation that additional POC IIT results for crofelemer may be available throughout 2025, and Jaguar's expectation that, in accordance with the guidelines of specific EU countries, published data from clinical investigations could support early patient access to crofelemer for SBS-IF or MVID in these countries. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as "may," "will," "should," "expect," "plan," "aim," "anticipate," "could," "intend," "target," "project," "contemplate," "believe," "estimate," "predict," "potential" or "continue" or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. The forward-looking statements in this release are only predictions. Jaguar has based these forward-looking statements largely on its current expectations and projections about future events. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this release and are subject to several risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified and some of which are beyond Jaguar's control. Except as required by applicable law, Jaguar does not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein, whether as a result of any new information, future events, changed circumstances or otherwise. 1 Beth A. Carter , MD, et al. Outcomes from a 12-Week, Open-Label, Multicenter Clinical Trial of Teduglutide in Pediatric Short Bowel Syndrome. The Journal of Pediatrics , 2017; 181:102-11 2 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK607756/ Contact: hello@jaguar.health Jaguar-JAGX SOURCE: Jaguar Health, Inc.