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南京医科大学附属泰州人民医院 · 核医学科
2026-07-22
📌 本期导读
本期精选5篇核医学与分子影像领域最新研究,涵盖¹⁸F-flurpiridaz PET vs SP、⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-46预测STEMI预后、⁶⁸Ga-TEoS-DAZA PET/CT定位胆漏、LiDAR-SPECT+NIR手术导航淋巴结定位、FAP靶向VHH抗体结构优化等热点方向。
1Comparative diagnostic performance of [18F] flurpiridaz PET and SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI): a systematic review and meta-analysis
中文:[¹⁸F]flurpiridaz PET与SPECT心肌灌注显像诊断效能的系统评价与荟萃分析
👤 作者:Muataz Kashbour; Sarah Amro; Eman Ayman Nada; Moaz Yasser Darwish; Ahmed Mohamed Hamdy; Sabina Dizdarevic
📖 European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (IF=9.7) | PMID:42474502
📝 中文解读
▎研究背景
SPECT心肌灌注显像(MPI)是冠心病(CAD)无创诊断的常用方法,但存在空间分辨率有限和辐射剂量较高等不足。[¹⁸F]flurpiridaz作为一种新型PET心肌灌注示踪剂,理论上可提供更高的图像质量和诊断准确性,但缺乏系统性的循证医学证据支持。
▎研究方法
该研究对Web of Science、Scopus、PubMed和Cochrane数据库进行了截至2026年2月的系统性检索,纳入了3项比较[¹⁸F]flurpiridaz PET与⁹⁹ᵐTc-MIBI/tetrofosmin SPECT MPI的临床试验,共1476例患者。以有创冠状动脉造影为参考标准,评估敏感度和特异度,并对图像质量和辐射剂量进行亚组分析。
▎核心发现
对于≥50%狭窄,flurpiridaz PET的合并敏感度/特异度为76%/71%,显著高于SPECT的61%/76%;对于≥70%狭窄,PET敏感度达87%(SPECT为73%)。在高BMI(≥30 kg/m²)患者中,PET敏感度74%显著优于SPECT的61%;女性亚组中PET敏感度73%远高于SPECT的50%。PET图像质量显著优于SPECT(RR 1.14-1.29),且辐射剂量更低。
▎临床意义
该荟萃分析首次系统证实了[¹⁸F]flurpiridaz PET在CAD诊断中的优越性,尤其在女性和肥胖患者中优势更明显。随着该新型示踪剂的临床推广应用,核素心肌灌注显像有望从SPECT时代全面迈向PET时代。
📄 英文摘要
[PURPOSE] This study aimed to synthesise diagnostic evidence comparing a novel myocardial perfusion radiotracer [¹⁸F]flurpiridaz PET with SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in detecting coronary artery disease (CAD). [METHODS] A systematic search to Feb 2026 was conducted in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library. Studies comparing [¹⁸F]flurpiridaz PET with SPECT/MPI were screened. Primary outcomes were sensitivity and specificity using invasive coronary angiography as the reference standard. Secondary outcomes included image quality and radiation dose. [RESULTS] Out of 558 studies, 28 publications were fully screened, and three trials comparing [¹⁸F]flurpiridaz PET with [⁹⁹ᵐTc]Tc-sestamibi/tetrofosmin SPECT were identified (1476 patients). For ≥50% stenosis, pooled sensitivity/specificity were 76% (95% CI 71-81%)/71% (63-78%) for flurpiridaz PET and 61% (53-69%)/76% (60-86%) for SPECT; for ≥70% stenosis, values were 87% (77-94%)/63% (52-73%) versus 73% (62-81%)/72% (50-87%), respectively. In patients with BMI ≥30kg/m², sensitivity/specificity were 74% (68-78%)/73% (64-80%) for flurpiridaz PET and 61% (49-72%)/75% (56-88%) for SPECT. In women, sensitivity/specificity were 73% (57-84%)/76% (70-81%) for flurpiridaz PET versus 50% (29-70%)/78% (60-90%) for SPECT. Rest and stress image quality favoured flurpiridaz PET (RR1.29[1.19-1.41] and 1.14[1.11-1.17], both p<0.00001) with superior image quality and lower radiation dose. [CONCLUSION] This first meta-analysis suggests higher sensitivity of [¹⁸F]flurpiridaz PET vs SPECT MPI with significantly lower radiation dose and improved image quality.
💡 研究要点
① ¹⁸F-flurpiridaz PET敏感度显著优于SPECT
② 肥胖和女性患者中优势更为突出
③ 图像质量更优且辐射剂量更低
④ 为SPECT向PET心肌灌注转型提供高级别证据
2Early post-infarct fibroblast activation protein-targeted PET/CT with 68Ga-FAPI-46 identifies STEMI patients with preserved LVEF at higher risk for adverse remodeling and cardiovascular events
中文:早期⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT识别保留LVEF的STEMI患者不良重构和心血管事件风险
👤 作者:Ling Liang; Lingyu Yu; Dan Ruan; Weiling Xu; Qiang Xie; Weihua Li; Xiaodong Huang; Jiangmu Deng; Yiquan Huang; Wuyang Zheng; Haojun Chen
📖 European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (IF=9.7) | PMID:42477144
📝 中文解读
▎研究背景
ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)后心肌成纤维细胞活化是心室重构的关键起始环节。⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT可实现成纤维细胞活化蛋白(FAP)的无创可视化,但其在预测STEMI患者预后中的价值尚不明确。
▎研究方法
这项前瞻性研究纳入50例成功接受直接PCI治疗的STEMI患者(LVEF保留),在术后6天内行⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT,定量分析成纤维细胞活化体积(FAV)。主要终点为3年主要不良心血管事件(MACE),次要终点为1年左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)。
▎核心发现
基线FAV与1年LVEDD呈正相关(r=0.298, p=0.036),并独立预测LVEDD>50mm(OR 1.022, p=0.004)。FAV每增加1单位,MACE风险升高1.1%。以FAV=51.6为最佳阈值,高FAV组MACE发生率远高于低FAV组(47.22% vs 14.29%, p=0.031)。将FAV纳入传统临床模型后,2年MACE预测AUC从0.70提升至0.84。
▎临床意义
该研究首次证实,即使LVEF保留的STEMI患者,早期FAPI PET/CT评估的成纤维细胞活性仍可独立预测不良心室重构和远期心血管事件。这一发现为冠脉微循环和心肌纤维化的精准影像评估开辟了新途径。
📄 英文摘要
[BACKGROUND] Fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeted PET/CT with radiolabeled FAPIs enables noninvasive visualization of fibroblast activity following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the prognostic implications of myocardial FAPI uptake remain insufficiently characterized. [OBJECTIVES] This prospective study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT in STEMI patients treated successfully with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). [METHODS] Within six days after successful PPCI, patients underwent 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT to quantify fibroblast activation volume (FAV). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) over three years. Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) at one year was assessed as a secondary outcome. [RESULTS] A total of 50 STEMI patients were finally included. Baseline FAV showed a positive linear correlation with one-year LVEDD (r=0.298, p=0.036) and independently predicted LVEDD>50mm (OR 1.022, 95% CI 1.007-1.038, p=0.004). In adjusted analysis, each unit increase in FAV was associated with a 1.1% higher risk of MACEs. Using an optimal FAV cutoff of 51.6, patients with high FAV had significantly more MACEs than those with low FAV (47.22% vs. 14.29%, p=0.031). Incorporating dichotomized FAV into a conventional clinical model was associated with improved discrimination of two-year MACEs (AUC 0.84 vs. 0.70, p=0.021). [CONCLUSIONS] In STEMI patients with preserved LVEF, early fibroblast activation measured by 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT is associated with subsequent left ventricular remodeling and may provide incremental prognostic value.
💡 研究要点
① FAPI PET/CT无创评估STEMI后心肌成纤维活性
② FAV独立预测LVEDD和远期MACE风险
③ 加入FAV使MACE预测AUC从0.70升至0.84
④ 为保留LVEF患者提供新风险分层工具
3Cholangio-PET/CT with [68Ga]Ga-TEoS-DAZA for bile leak localisation after hepatobiliary surgery
中文:[⁶⁸Ga]Ga-TEoS-DAZA胆管PET/CT用于肝胆术后胆漏定位
👤 作者:Anke Werner; Robert Drescher; Felix Dondorf; Oliver Rohland; Utz Settmacher; Julia Greiser; Martin Freesmeyer
📖 European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (IF=9.7) | PMID:42472727
📝 中文解读
▎研究背景
肝胆术后胆漏是严重并发症,精确的漏口定位对制定治疗方案至关重要。传统影像学方法(ERCP、MRCP、CT等)在某些复杂胆漏中定位困难。[⁶⁸Ga]Ga-TEoS-DAZA是一种新型肝胆特异性PET示踪剂,经肝脏摄取和胆汁排泄,有望实现胆漏的功能性定位。
▎研究方法
该单中心可行性研究纳入10例临床怀疑术后胆漏且既往影像学检查结果不明确或失败的患者。静脉注射[⁶⁸Ga]Ga-TEoS-DAZA(平均214±27 MBq)后进行60分钟动态PET/CT采集。根据Nagano胆漏分级系统对结果进行分析,并评估对临床治疗决策的指导作用。
▎核心发现
[⁶⁸Ga]Ga-TEoS-DAZA PET/CT在9/10例(90%)患者中成功定位了胆漏部位,漏口位置涵盖中央型、外周型及复杂部位(如Luschka管和胆肠吻合口)。平均检出时间28.7分钟,所有患者的PET/CT结果均直接指导了后续临床管理(包括内镜、介入、手术或继续引流等处理)。未观察到不良事件。
▎临床意义
该研究首次验证了[⁶⁸Ga]Ga-TEoS-DAZA PET/CT作为新型胆漏定位技术的临床可行性,其生理性顺行显像方式在传统影像失败或不明确的病例中展现出独特价值,有望成为肝胆术后胆漏的补充诊断手段。
📄 英文摘要
[PURPOSE] To evaluate the clinical feasibility and potential utility of dynamic [68Ga]Ga-TEoS-DAZA PET/CT for the detection and localisation of bile leaks in patients after hepatobiliary surgery in a small, single-centre feasibility series. [METHODS] Ten patients with clinically suspected postoperative bile leakage and prior inconclusive imaging underwent [68Ga]Ga-TEoS-DAZA PET/CT between September 2024 and February 2026. Imaging was performed following intravenous administration of [68Ga]Ga-TEoS-DAZA (mean activity 214±27 MBq). Dynamic PET acquisition was conducted for 60 min. Findings were analysed and classified according to the Nagano system where applicable, and their contribution to subsequent clinical management was assessed. [RESULTS] [68Ga]Ga-TEoS-DAZA PET/CT enabled localisation of bile leaks in 9 of 10 patients (90%). Leak sites were diverse including central and peripheral locations, as well as complex locations, such as ducts of Luschka and bilioenteric anastomoses. Mean detection time was 28.7 min post injection. PET/CT findings informed subsequent clinical management in all patients, including endoscopic, percutaneous, surgical interventions, or continued drainage management. No adverse effects were observed. [CONCLUSION] Dynamic [68Ga]Ga-TEoS-DAZA PET/CT was feasible for bile leak localisation in this selected cohort, including complex and peripheral leak sites. Its physiological, antegrade imaging approach provided clinically useful information in patients with inconclusive or unsuccessful conventional imaging.
💡 研究要点
① 新型肝胆示踪剂⁶⁸Ga-TEoS-DAZA首次临床验证
② 90%成功定位传统影像无法明确的胆漏
③ 平均检出时间仅28.7分钟
④ 为复杂胆漏的功能性定位提供新方案
4LiDAR-registered freehand SPECT combined with NIR-fluorescence enables spatial localisation of tracer-avid inguinal lymph nodes: A clinical feasibility study
中文:LiDAR配准自由手持SPECT结合近红外荧光实现示踪剂亲和腹股沟淋巴结空间定位的临床可行性研究
👤 作者:Rick W A Verdijk; Giusi Pisano; Matthias N van Oosterom; Evie de Groot; Helena Zuurdeeg; Oscar R Brouwer; Henk G van der Poel; Fijs W B van Leeuwen
📖 European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (IF=9.7) | PMID:42477145
📝 中文解读
▎研究背景
腹股沟淋巴结清扫术后淋巴结标本的常规离体分子评估缺乏三维空间背景信息,很难在大块标本中精确定位示踪剂亲和的前哨淋巴结(SN)。开发一种能提供空间定位的新型技术对提高病理评估准确性至关重要。
▎研究方法
该临床可行性研究纳入14例阴茎癌患者(25个cN0腹股沟区,3个cN1腹股沟区),术前进行淋巴显像和SPECT/CT引导下的射频/荧光双模态淋巴结手术。切除标本先进行常规离体评估,随后采用LiDAR配准的自由手持SPECT(fhSPECT)联合近红外荧光成像进行三维空间定位,并与术前影像和病理结果进行对照分析。
▎核心发现
在40个孤立示踪剂亲和淋巴结中,LiDAR/fhSPECT定位了38/40个放射性热点,与常规γ探针结果一致。在3例ILND标本中,术前SPECT/CT识别了6个示踪剂热点,常规γ探针和NIR荧光仅分别检出4个和5个,而LiDAR/fhSPECT成功定位了全部6个。组织病理学共发现6个肿瘤阳性淋巴结,均为杂交示踪剂亲和,且均被LiDAR/fhSPECT成功定位。
▎临床意义
LiDAR配准的三维表面映射技术为放射性及荧光分子影像信号提供了精确的解剖背景,使复杂标本中的示踪剂亲和淋巴结可被精确定位。该技术有望提高淋巴结病理评估的准确性,为精准肿瘤外科手术提供新的导航工具。
📄 英文摘要
[PURPOSE] Conventional ex vivo molecular assessment of nodal specimens lacks three-dimensional (3D) spatial context, making localisation of tracer-avid sentinel nodes (SNs) within large en bloc inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND) specimens challenging. We evaluated the technical feasibility of combining light detection and ranging (LiDAR)-registered freehand SPECT (fhSPECT) with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging for spatially augmented localisation of hybrid tracer uptake in solitary SNs and SNs residing within ILND specimens. [METHODS] Fourteen patients with penile cancer (25 cN0 groins; 3 cN1 groins) underwent radio- and fluorescence-guided lymph node surgery following preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and SPECT/CT. Resected specimens underwent conventional ex vivo assessment, followed by LiDAR-registered fhSPECT with co-registered NIR-fluorescence imaging. [RESULTS] In total, 40 solitary tracer-avid LNs and 3 ILND specimens underwent ex vivo assessment. LiDAR/fhSPECT localised radioactive hotspots in 38/40 solitary LNs. Among the 3 ILND procedures, preoperative SPECT/CT identified 6 tracer-avid hotspots within the anatomical resection template. Conventional gamma probe and NIR-fluorescence detected only 4 and 5 hotspots, respectively, whereas LiDAR/fhSPECT localised all 6 hotspots in the corresponding resected specimens. Histopathology identified 6 tumour-positive LNs, all of which were hybrid tracer-avid and effectively localised by LiDAR/fhSPECT. [CONCLUSION] LiDAR-registered 3D surface mapping provided anatomical context to radioactive and fluorescent molecular imaging signals, enabling localisation of tracer-avid LNs in complex ex vivo ILND specimens.
💡 研究要点
① LiDAR+自由手持SPECT实现三维空间定位
② 优于传统γ探针和单纯NIR荧光
③ 成功定位100%示踪剂热点和肿瘤阳性淋巴结
④ 为精准肿瘤手术提供新型分子导航工具
5Tuning the Structural Properties of a Single-Domain Antibody Scaffold for Improved Fibroblast Activation Protein Targeting
中文:调节单域抗体支架结构特性以改善成纤维细胞活化蛋白靶向能力
👤 作者:Joseph P Gallant; Kendahl L Ott; Ohyun Kwon; Adedamola Adeniyi; Kendall E Barrett; Zachary T Rosenkrans; Jason C Mixdorf; Eduardo Aluicio-Sarduy; Jonathan W Engle; Reinier Hernandez; Bryan P Bednarz; Aaron M LeBeau
📖 Molecular Pharmaceutics (IF=4.5) | PMID:42478500
📝 中文解读
▎研究背景
成纤维细胞活化蛋白(FAP)是肿瘤诊疗一体化(theranostics)的重要靶点。目前已开发多种小分子FAP抑制剂(FAPI),但基于生物制剂的FAP靶向载体研究相对较少。骆驼科来源的单域抗体(VHH)兼具高亲和力和灵活工程改造的优势,是极具潜力的FAP靶向载体。
▎研究方法
本研究从亲和力成熟的噬菌体展示文库中筛选出新型抗FAP VHH(F7),并将其工程化为三种不同构型:单体(F7)、四聚体(F7D)和Fc融合蛋白(F7-Fc),系统研究了价态和分子量对靶点结合和体内药代动力学特性的影响。在FAP阳性异种移植瘤模型中行PET显像和吸收剂量计算。
▎核心发现
三种F7构型均对FAP具有特异性,两种二价构型(F7D和F7-Fc)表现出皮摩尔级亲和力。PET显像显示:F7单体摄取迅速、清除快,肿瘤摄取显著高于FAPI-46;F7D二聚体具有良好的肿瘤滞留和高肿瘤/血比值;F7-Fc融合蛋白肿瘤摄取最高,可实现纵向显像。吸收剂量计算确认肿瘤辐射剂量显著高于正常组织。
▎临床意义
该研究揭示了VHH支架的尺寸和价态调控可优化FAP靶向的体内分布和滞留特性,F7系列构建物为FAP诊疗一体化提供了新型生物制剂载体,尤其F7D在快速显像和低背景方面极具临床转化潜力。
📄 英文摘要
Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is an attractive target for the development of cancer theranostics due to its selective expression on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). While a number of small-molecule FAP inhibitors (FAPIs) have been developed, few biologics have been investigated as FAP-targeting vectors. Camelid-derived single-domain antibodies (VHHs) offer a compelling alternative. In this study, we first identified a novel anti-FAP VHH, F7, from an affinity-matured camelid phage display library. To investigate how valency and molecular weight affected target engagement and in vivo properties, F7 was engineered into three formats: a monomer (F7), a tethered dimer (F7D), and an Fc-fusion protein (F7-Fc). All three were specific for FAP with the two bivalent constructs demonstrating picomolar affinity. Positron emission tomography imaging in FAP-positive xenograft models revealed distinct pharmacokinetic profiles across constructs. F7 had rapid uptake and clearance, resulting in significantly higher tumor uptake than FAPI-46. Low molecular weight bivalent F7D demonstrated similar kinetics but was retained by the tumor, resulting in a high tumor-to-blood ratio. The largest construct, F7-Fc, resulted in the highest tumor uptake and allowed for longitudinal imaging. Absorbed dose calculations confirmed that tumors received significantly higher radiation doses compared to normal tissues. These findings demonstrate that tuning VHH scaffold size and valency can improve biodistribution and retention, establishing F7-based constructs as promising targeting vectors for FAP.
💡 研究要点
① 新型抗FAP VHH(F7)三种构型系统对比
② F7单体肿瘤摄取优于FAPI-46
③ F7D二聚体肿瘤滞留佳且背景低
④ 为FAP诊疗一体化提供新生物制剂载体
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南京医科大学附属泰州人民医院 · 核医学科