Objective: To observe the effects of Shenrong Pills on the growth and development of ovarian follicles, the regulation of gonadal axis hormones and the effects on ovarian sex hormone receptors, in order to explore the therapeutic effects of Shenrong Pills on infertility.Methods: Using testosterone-induced ovulation dysfunction infertility rat model, the successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into model group, Clomiphene Citrate group, Shenrong Pills high, medium, and low dose groups according to their body weightThe rats were continuous administration for 6 wk.HE staining and immunohistochem. staining were used to detect the pathol. morphol. of ovary and uterus and the expression of ERα, FSHR, LHR protein.The RIA was used to detect rat serum E2, LH, FSH, T, PRL, P and GnRH hormone level.The real-time fluorescent quant. RT-PCR method was used to detect the expression of ERα, FSHR and LHR mRNA in ovarian tissue.Results: Compared with the model group, the number of primary ovarian follicles and secondary follicles in each group of Shenrong Pills increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and the endometrial thickness of rats in the middle dose group of Shenrong Pills increased (P < 0.05).The serum T, E2, LH, FSH and PRL hormone levels in the middle does group of Shenrong Pills increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), the serum GnRH hormone level decreased (P < 0.01), and the expression of FSHR protein and ERα mRNA in ovarian tissue increased (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Shenrong Pills can enhance the hormone regulation of the gonadal axis in ovulatory infertile rats, and improve the ovarian function and uterine conception environment in ovulatory infertile rats.