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更新于：2026-04-02
Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride
盐酸羟甲唑啉
更新于：2026-04-02
概要
基本信息
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 2-(4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethyl-3-hydroxybenzyl)-2-imidazoline、3-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,4-dimethylphenol、6-t-butyl-3-(2-imidazolin-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dimethylphenol + [40] |
靶点 |
作用方式 激动剂 |
作用机制 α1A-AR激动剂(肾上腺素能受体α-1a激动剂) |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
首次获批日期 加拿大 (1964-12-31) |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评孤儿药 (欧盟) |
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结构/序列
分子式C16H25ClN2O |
InChIKeyBEEDODBODQVSIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS号2315-02-8 |
关联
97
项与 盐酸羟甲唑啉 相关的临床试验NCT07397325
Clinical Study of DA-020 for the Treatment of Chemotherapy Induced Alopecia
NCT07390578
Comparative Effect of Oxymetazoline 0.1% (Upneeq) and Brimonidine 0.025% (Lumify) on Upper Eyelid Position in Acquired Ptosis: A Randomized, Double-Masked, Crossover Study
NCT07402330
Pharmacokinetic Study of DA-020
100 项与 盐酸羟甲唑啉 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 盐酸羟甲唑啉 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 盐酸羟甲唑啉 相关的专利（医药）
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1,372
项与 盐酸羟甲唑啉 相关的文献（医药）2026-04-01JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE
Revisiting Rhinitis Medicamentosa: Examining the Evidence on Topical Nasal Decongestants
Review
作者: Ballerini Fernandes, Mariane ; Hagen, Martina ; Varbiro, Gabor ; Montanari, Elisa
Background:
Over-the-counter topical nasal decongestants are effective and well-tolerated treatments for the temporary relief of nasal congestion, a symptom that can impair quality of life. Their duration of use is limited owing to potential for rhinitis medicamentosa (RM) or rebound congestion (RC), despite uncertainties around the clinical occurrence or onset of these phenomena.
Objective:
To investigate the clinical occurrence and onset of RM, RC or tolerance with topical nasal decongestants to inform evidence-based recommendation practices for pharmacists and ensure patients do not forego potentially beneficial treatments.
Methods:
A literature search was conducted with ProQuest to identify and synthesize evidence on RM, RC or tolerance with nasal decongestant sprays or drops. A respiratory specialist and community pharmacist provided clinical perspectives.
Results:
Eighteen articles were assessed, reporting 13 studies with oxymetazoline, five studies with xylometazoline. There was no evidence of RM or RC after 7 days with oxymetazoline (up to 400 μg total daily dose) or up to 10-days with xylometazoline (840 μg total daily dose). Well-designed studies suggested no occurrence of RM, RC or tolerance with up to 4 weeks of oxymetazoline. No studies evaluating naphazoline, phenylephrine or ephedrine were identified.
Conclusion:
Oxymetazoline and xylometazoline are highly effective at rapidly improving nasal congestion and have well-established safety profiles. Well-designed studies yielded no evidence of RM, RC or tolerance when used short-term at commonly recommended dosing and frequency. Since some patients may exceed the duration of use in the label, pharmacists can play a vital role in counseling patients on proper intranasal decongestant use and treatment duration.
2026-01-21Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry
Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events Linked to Abuse and Misuse
of Sympathomimetic Nasal Decongestants: A Narrative Review of Clinical
Evidence
Article
作者: Rashid, Sulthan Al ; Pakkir Maideen, Naina Mohamed
Background::
Sympathomimetic nasal decongestants such as pseudoephedrine,
phenylephrine, oxymetazoline, and xylometazoline are commonly used to relieve nasal blockage
caused by allergic rhinitis, infections, or sinus inflammation. They work by activating
α-adrenergic receptors, which promote vasoconstriction. However, overuse or inappropriate
use of these medications has been linked to serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular side
effects.
Objective::
The purpose of this review is to compile the available clinical evidence on the misuse
and overuse of sympathomimetic nasal decongestants and their association with detrimental cardiovascular
and cerebrovascular outcomes. It examines potential mechanisms, identifies risk
factors, highlights diagnostic concerns, and outlines preventive measures.
Methods::
A thorough literature search was conducted using databases such as Medline, Pub-
Med, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The selection included case reports, observational
studies, pharmacovigilance data, and clinical investigations published in English that
evaluated the negative cardiovascular or cerebrovascular effects of sympathomimetic decongestants.
Duplicate records were removed.
Results and Discussion::
Although rare, significant events such as myocardial infarction, stroke,
hypertensive crises, and vasospasm have been documented with both oral and intranasal sympathomimetics,
particularly when used excessively or in combination with other medications.
Strong vasoconstriction, endothelial dysfunction, and elevated sympathetic activity are the primary
mechanisms underlying these adverse effects. Nonspecific symptoms and underreporting
of OTC drug use can delay diagnosis. Numerous reports suggest potentially serious or fatal outcomes,
and most clinical evidence comes from case reports rather than high-level studies.
Conclusion::
Sympathomimetic nasal decongestants are generally safe when used as directed.
However, excessive or inappropriate use may lead to potentially fatal cerebrovascular and cardiovascular
events. Healthcare professionals should thoroughly review patients’ medication histories
and provide clear instructions on proper use. Educating patients on the correct administration
of sympathomimetic nasal decongestants and encouraging safer alternatives such as intranasal
corticosteroids or saline sprays, when appropriate, is essential. Preventive measures, regulatory
oversight, and interprofessional collaboration are crucial to ensuring safe use and reducing
adverse outcomes.
2026-01-03Cureus Journal of Medical Science
Management of Complications Following Botulinum Toxin Facial Injections: A Narrative Review
Review
作者: Camões-Barbosa, Alexandre ; Freixo, Sara
Botulinum toxin (BoNT) is widely used in the management of neurological disorders and in aesthetic medicine. Although generally safe, facial injections may be associated with complications with relevant functional or aesthetic impact. This narrative review aimed to summarize reported facial complications following BoNT injections and to describe available management strategies. A PubMed search up to November 2025 identified 239 articles; after screening and full-text review, 20 studies met the inclusion criteria. Data were synthesized narratively due to the heterogeneity of study designs. Upper eyelid ptosis was the most frequently reported clinically significant complication and was mainly managed with topical alpha-adrenergic agonists. Diplopia was rare but functionally disabling and was treated conservatively with occlusion or prisms or with targeted extraocular BoNT injection in selected cases. Ocular surface changes, facial asymmetry, perioral dysfunction, local reactions, and headache were generally mild and self-limited. Systemic adverse events were uncommon but occasionally required hospital evaluation. Overall, management strategies were predominantly conservative and supported by low-level evidence. Facial BoNT injections are generally safe, but clinically relevant complications can occur. Management is largely conservative, apraclonidine 0.5% is most commonly used for toxin-induced ptosis, and oxymetazoline 0.1% (FDA-approved for acquired blepharoptosis) is an additional option; other events are treated symptomatically. Overall, evidence is limited, supporting the need for prospective studies and standardized management pathways.
100 项与 盐酸羟甲唑啉 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
批准上市
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 眼睑下垂 | 美国 | 2020-07-08 | |
| 红斑 | 美国 | 2017-01-18 | |
| 充血 | 日本 | 2007-08-01 | |
| 鼻塞 | 中国 | 1992-01-01 | |
| 玫瑰痤疮 | 美国 | 1986-05-30 |
未上市
10 条进展最快的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 最高研发状态 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 睑裂狭小 | 临床3期 | 捷克 | 2024-12-30 | |
| 睑裂狭小 | 临床3期 | 法国 | 2024-12-30 | |
| 睑裂狭小 | 临床3期 | 德国 | 2024-12-30 | |
| 睑裂狭小 | 临床3期 | 匈牙利 | 2024-12-30 | |
| 睑裂狭小 | 临床3期 | 意大利 | 2024-12-30 | |
| 睑裂狭小 | 临床3期 | 荷兰 | 2024-12-30 | |
| 睑裂狭小 | 临床3期 | 波兰 | 2024-12-30 | |
| 睑裂狭小 | 临床3期 | 西班牙 | 2024-12-30 | |
| 睑裂狭小 | 临床3期 | 英国 | 2024-12-30 | |
| 大便失禁 | 临床2期 | 匈牙利 | 2014-11-01 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
查看全部结果
临床1/2期 | 33 | (LEV102 Topical Gel, 2.0%) | 築糧餘獵衊夢衊築窪醖 = 壓餘鹹窪鏇願觸襯鏇廠 鬱襯艱築糧膚襯製製製 (壓鏇繭夢壓夢蓋願壓鏇, 夢鑰製繭積築壓衊襯鹹 ~ 鹹餘壓糧壓壓膚鏇窪願) 更多 | - | 2024-11-13 | ||
(LEV102 Topical Gel, 1.0%) | 築糧餘獵衊夢衊築窪醖 = 糧繭窪衊網夢選鹹壓憲 鬱襯艱築糧膚襯製製製 (壓鏇繭夢壓夢蓋願壓鏇, 願鹽鹹鏇艱遞憲壓衊艱 ~ 醖網鏇廠築觸簾選觸網) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 114 | (Upneeq Group) | 選製壓廠獵壓獵繭簾窪(蓋觸糧簾觸膚襯遞鹽製) = 衊艱網糧鹽築遞餘遞網 醖獵壓積顧築鏇觸積鏇 (觸壓觸膚艱網鹹窪齋齋, 1.1) 更多 | - | 2023-04-24 | ||
Placebo (Control Group) | 選製壓廠獵壓獵繭簾窪(蓋觸糧簾觸膚襯遞鹽製) = 襯網鑰廠醖製醖範築選 醖獵壓積顧築鏇觸積鏇 (觸壓觸膚艱網鹹窪齋齋, 0.8) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 114 | 齋範鑰範願鑰廠鹹遞蓋(範糧鑰淵餘鏇積遞積網) = 鹽顧鑰遞構觸製糧鬱獵 積艱遞選選衊膚糧鹹鹽 (蓋積餘鏇壓鑰鹹鹹餘鏇 ) | 积极 | 2023-02-09 | |||
临床4期 | 34 | The Vbeam® Prima System+Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream (Pulsed Dye Laser & Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream) | 構製範淵繭膚衊廠鏇鏇(簾觸鹽艱餘願齋構憲顧) = 衊築膚憲獵鏇醖繭鬱繭 衊鏇顧窪鑰壓繭壓蓋簾 (網遞廠簾範顧網繭製膚, 1.0) 更多 | - | 2022-03-18 | ||
(Oxymetazoline HCL 1% Cream) | 構製範淵繭膚衊廠鏇鏇(簾觸鹽艱餘願齋構憲顧) = 膚鏇蓋製積鑰網鑰醖遞 衊鏇顧窪鑰壓繭壓蓋簾 (網遞廠簾範顧網繭製膚, 1.0) 更多 | ||||||
临床1/2期 | 46 | (RVL-1201 Once Daily) | 獵築襯製醖艱獵膚簾艱(簾齋獵餘繭壓壓積獵網) = 齋簾壓齋壓製鹹憲積鏇 艱襯糧糧衊醖獵窪製鑰 (蓋齋鹹製簾積糧製鏇餘, 5.07) 更多 | - | 2021-07-22 | ||
(RVL-1201 Twice Daily) | 獵築襯製醖艱獵膚簾艱(簾齋獵餘繭壓壓積獵網) = 憲鏇鹹窪範鹽窪繭憲範 艱襯糧糧衊醖獵窪製鑰 (蓋齋鹹製簾積糧製鏇餘, 4.64) 更多 | ||||||
临床3期 | 1,105 | (Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride Cream, 1%) | 範簾夢鏇築糧製鏇鬱蓋: Mean Difference (Net) = 2.7 (90% CI, -2.6 ~ 8.0) | - | 2021-06-23 | ||
(RHOFADE Cream, 1%) | |||||||
临床4期 | 20 | (Oxymetazoline) | 糧齋顧糧蓋醖廠顧繭齋(糧廠襯齋鏇選範簾繭憲) = 鹽簾鏇簾襯鹹築鹽構願 遞餘鹹願糧選餘積鏇膚 (選願鹽蓋糧製鬱觸遞醖, 0.19) 更多 | - | 2021-01-13 | ||
(Epinephrine) | 糧齋顧糧蓋醖廠顧繭齋(糧廠襯齋鏇選範簾繭憲) = 糧憲夢壓築鬱顧觸鏇顧 遞餘鹹願糧選餘積鏇膚 (選願鹽蓋糧製鬱觸遞醖, 0.15) 更多 | ||||||
临床3期 | 50 | 簾積遞選選淵夢繭艱淵 = 衊壓壓鏇簾鏇積顧餘鏇 簾艱願醖糧遞簾網鑰糧 (遞遞製窪餘鬱齋憲淵製, 獵憲顧鑰簾鑰鹽鑰鬱艱 ~ 網簾網鹹餘淵齋鬱願糧) 更多 | - | 2021-01-05 | |||
临床2期 | 151 | AGN-190584 Vehicle | 襯願網簾艱構築範艱顧(簾餘餘構鹽夢築襯範構) = 鹽鬱鬱遞餘築遞獵遞艱 鑰淵鹽醖齋衊餘築構蓋 (製廠願鹽顧餘夢繭觸壓, 1.03) 更多 | - | 2020-12-22 | ||
临床2期 | - | Pilocarpine 1.0%/Oxymetazoline 0.05% | 遞觸艱醖獵遞鑰築製衊(構鹽繭顧簾築顧鏇遞築) = 膚顧顧壓鏇襯糧觸製齋 製憲簾艱憲網艱糧蓋憲 (衊積餘顧顧餘艱範鑰網 ) | 积极 | 2020-11-13 | ||
Pilocarpine 1.5%/Oxymetazoline 0.125% | 遞觸艱醖獵遞鑰築製衊(構鹽繭顧簾築顧鏇遞築) = 窪淵繭鹽範襯糧憲製鑰 製憲簾艱憲網艱糧蓋憲 (衊積餘顧顧餘艱範鑰網 ) |
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