Article
作者: Allinovi, Marco ; Garofalo, Manuel ; Sheikh, Awais ; Argirò, Alessia ; Limongelli, Giuseppe ; Sinigiani, Giulio ; Aloisio, Alessio ; Fontana, Marianna ; de Frutos, Fernando ; Porcari, Aldostefano ; García-Pavía, Pablo ; Tini, Giacomo ; Alqabani, Mohammad ; Colio, Federica ; Saturi, Giulia ; Gillmore, Julian ; Potena, Luciano ; Palladini, Giovanni ; Cattadori, Barbara ; Palmiero, Giuseppe ; Gasperetti, Alessio ; Pieroni, Maurizio ; Urey, Marcus Anthony ; Perfetto, Federico ; Longhi, Simone ; Musumeci, Beatrice ; Milani, Paolo ; Chen, Liang ; Merlo, Marco ; Gerosa, Gino ; Bui, Quan M ; Masri, Ahmad ; Chen, Zhongli ; González-Costello, José ; Cipriani, Alberto ; Di Nora, Concetta ; Sinagra, Gianfranco ; Gómez Bueno, Manuel ; Imazio, Massimo ; Vendramin, Igor ; Thornton, Caitlin ; Moody, William E ; Menale, Silvia ; Cappelli, Francesco ; Herrador, Lorena
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES:To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with cardiac amyloidosis who have undergone heart transplantation (HT).
METHODS:This retrospective multicenter study involving 14 referral centers included 113 patients with cardiac amyloidosis who underwent HT: 57 with transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) (22 with wild-type ATTR and 35 with variant ATTR) and 56 with light chain amyloidosis (AL).
RESULTS:Compared with patients with ATTR, patients with AL amyloidosis showed more severe hemodynamic compromise before HT, with a lower cardiac index (1.7 L/min/m2 [interquartile range, 1.4-2.0 L/min/m2] vs 1.9 L/min/m2 [interquartile range, 1.6-2.4 L/min/m2]; P = .027) and higher right atrial pressure. Post-transplant infections occurred in 23 patients with ATTR (40%) and 24 with AL (43%). New-onset neuropathy occurred in 11% of patients, while neuropathy progression was more frequent in ATTR compared with AL (23% vs 7.1%; P = .044). Median follow-up was 4.6 years in ATTR and 5.4 years in AL. Five-year survival was similar in both groups (77% in AL vs 83% in ATTR). Sepsis was the leading cause of death (n = 11, 29% of deaths). Among patients with ATTR, 9 received tafamidis before HT and 7 after HT. Eight patients with ATTR received patisiran post-HT (1 pre-HT), and 3 received diflunisal post-HT. In AL, 70% received bortezomib-based therapy while 28% received daratumumab-based therapy. In AL, hematologic responses improved after HT, with the complete response rate increasing from 42% before HT to 54% after HT.
CONCLUSIONS:HT is an effective treatment for carefully selected patients with cardiac amyloidosis, with comparable unadjusted survival between AL and ATTR. These findings warrant confirmation in prospective studies.