A Randomized, Open-Label, 2-Arm, 2-Part, Parallel Group Study to Assess the Pharmacokinetic Comparability of Subcutaneously Administered Litifilimab (BIIB059) Delivered by 3 Devices (Pre-Filled Syringe, Autoinjector, or On-Body Injector) in Healthy Participants

In this study, researchers will learn how the body processes litifilimab when it is given under the skin in 3 different ways. Currently, ongoing studies utilize pre-filled syringes (PFS) that can deliver litifilimab subcutaneously (SC), also known as under the skin.
In this study, researchers want to learn more about new ways of delivering litifilimab SC using either an autoinjector (AI) or an on-body injector (OBI):
Both devices are designed to deliver litifilimab in an automatic way, especially helping patients who may not be able to use their hands very well, or who may be afraid of needles. While the AI is handheld, the OBI device works by being placed on the skin and can help deliver the highest amount of litifilimab through a single injection. The main objective of this study is to learn how the body processes litifilimab after using the AI device or the OBI device, as compared to using the PFS method.
The main questions researchers want to answer are:
* What is the highest amount of litifilimab found in the blood after dosing? How much total litifilimab is found in the blood throughout the study? Researchers will also learn more about: Any medical problems the participants have during the study
* Any injection site pain or reactions the participants may have. Any skin reactions to the OBI device
* Any changes in the participants' overall health after receiving litifilimab.
This study will be done as follows:
* Participants will be screened to check if they can join the study. The screening period will be up to 4 weeks, after which selected participants will check into their study research center.
* Participants will be randomly assigned to be in Part 1 or Part 2 of the study:
* Part 1: Participants will receive SC injection(s) of litifilimab through either the AI device or through PFS.
* Part 2: Participants will receive SC injection(s) of litifilimab through the OBI device or through PFS.
* Participants will remain at their study research center for the first 8 days. After that, there will be a follow-up period for 17 weeks during which participants return to the center a total of 6 times.
Each participant will be in the study for about 22 weeks.

开始日期2025-01-02

申办/合作机构

Biogen, Inc.

CTR20234203

/ Recruiting临床3期

一项在患有活动性亚急性皮肤型红斑狼疮和/或慢性皮肤型红斑狼疮（有或无全身表现）且抗疟药治疗反应不佳和/或不耐受的受试者中评价 BIIB059 疗效和安全性的 2 部分无缝设计（A 部分 [II 期]/B 部分 [III 期]）、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、多中心临床研究 (AMETHYST)

本研究的总体目的是在患有活动性 SCLE 和/或 CCLE（有或无全身表现）且抗疟药治疗反应不佳和/或不耐受的受试者中评价 BIIB059 与安慰剂相比的疗效和安全性。

开始日期2024-06-26

申办/合作机构

Biogen Idec Research Ltd.

[+2]

NCT06044337

/ Enrolling by invitation临床3期

A Multicenter, Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase 3, Long-Term Extension Study to Evaluate Continuous Safety and Efficacy of BIIB059 (Litifilimab) in Adult Participants With Active Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus and/or Chronic Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus With or Without Systemic Manifestations and Refractory and/or Intolerant to Antimalarial Therapy

In this study, researchers will learn more about a study drug called litifilimab (BIIB059) in participants with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). The study will focus on participants who have either active subacute CLE or chronic CLE, or both. They may also have systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The participants did not respond to antimalarial therapy or had problems with the treatment that made it hard to continue.
The study will enroll only those participants who have completed treatment with litifilimab in the parent study, 230LE301.
The main objective of the study is learning more about the long-term safety of litifilimab.
The main question researchers want to answer is:
- How many participants have adverse events and serious adverse events after taking litifilimab? Adverse events are unwanted medical problems that may or may not be caused by the study drug.
Researchers will also learn more about the effect of litifilimab on CLE. They will do this by measuring the symptoms of CLE over time using a variety of scoring tools. These include the Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index (CLASI), the Cutaneous Lupus Activity of Investigator's Global Assessment-Revised (CLA-IGA-R), and the SELENA-SLEDAI Flare Index (SFI).
Researchers will assess the effect litifilimab and CLE has on the quality of life of participants using a group of questionnaires. They will also study how litifilimab affects laboratory tests and how participants' immune systems respond to litifilimab.
The study will be done as follows:
* The last visit of parent study 230LE301 will be the first visit of study 230LE305.
* All participants will receive litifilimab as an injection under the skin once every 4 weeks. Both researchers and participants will know the dose and identity of the study drug.
* The treatment period will last up to 104 weeks, or 2 years.
* There will be a follow-up safety period that lasts up to 24 weeks.
* In total, participants will have up to 33 study visits.
* The total study duration for participants will be up to 128 weeks.

开始日期2023-10-03

申办/合作机构

Biogen, Inc.

100 项与利替非利单抗相关的临床结果

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100 项与利替非利单抗相关的转化医学

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100 项与利替非利单抗相关的专利（医药）

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项与利替非利单抗相关的文献（医药）

2025-07-01·CPT-Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology

An Integrative Mechanistic Model of Type 1 IFN‐Mediated Inflammation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Article

作者: Volkova, Alina ; Tettamanti, Florencia ; Ugolkov, Yaroslav ; Kimko, Holly ; Sokolov, Victor ; Tang, Weifeng ; Peskov, Kirill ; Verma, Meghna

ABSTRACT:

Type I interferon (IFN1) pathway–targeting therapies represent a highly promising class of remedies for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. However, the overall clinical benefit of these compounds is afflicted by marked variability. In this study, we developed a quantitative systems pharmacology model of type I IFN‐mediated inflammation and applied it for an indirect comparison of anifrolumab, sifalimumab, daxdilimab, and litifilimab pharmacodynamic response, represented in the model by the change in IFN1 gene signature (IFNGS). The model consists of 20 ordinary differential equations and 68 parameters, among which four systemic parameters (including one random effect) were estimated using patient‐level data from Phase IIb anifrolumab clinical trial. Within‐target and within‐pathway validation was performed using study‐level pharmacokinetics, IFNα, and/or IFNGS data from five anifrolumab, four sifalimumab, one daxdilimab, and one litifilimab trials. The model successfully captured overall trends in IFNGS at clinically relevant doses of these compounds and discriminated IFNGS response between patients with low (< 2.75) and high (≥ 2.75) baseline IFNGS. Overprediction of treatment benefit was observed for the low range of anifrolumab doses (100–150 mg every 4 weeks). In contrast, IFNGS response under 150 mg of daxdilimab was underpredicted, despite the accurate description of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and IFNα biomarkers. Results of the global sensitivity analysis revealed baseline IFNGS, IFNα, and IFNα fraction as key factors affecting treatment benefit the most. In terms of maximum IFNGS reduction, anifrolumab showed superior potential compared to sifalimumab, daxdilimab, and litifilimab (ΔIFNGS~25%), which was further enhanced in patients with high baseline IFNGS or IFNα (ΔIFNGS~50%–60%).

2025-03-04·EXPERT OPINION ON INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS

A focused report on IFN-1 targeted therapies for lupus erythematosus

Review

作者: Furie, Richard ; Vashistha, Himanshu ; Bhatt, Anushka ; Gupta, Pramiti

INTRODUCTION:

Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) experience varied manifestations and unpredictable flares, complicating treatment and drug development. Despite these challenges, anifrolumab, voclosporin, and belimumab were approved by FDA. These treatments complement, but don't replace, traditional therapies like NSAIDs, corticosteroids, antimalarials, and immunosuppressives. Therefore, there remains an unmet need for more effective medications targeting excessive proinflammatory cytokines in SLE patients.

AREAS COVERED:

This review summarizes the clinical trial outcomes of four upcoming medications targeting cytokine activity: Litifilimab showed a 7-point reduction in CLASI-A in its phase II trial. Daxdilimab was unsuccessful in its phase II trial. Anifrolumab reduced SLE activity in both phase II and III trials. Deucravacitinib decreased disease activity by multiple measures in its phase II trial.

EXPERT OPINION:

High levels of IFN-I (type 1 interferon) are present in most SLE patients, making this pathway an attractive target for drug development. Litifilimab downregulates IFN-I by targeting BDCA2, while dexadilimab targets ILT7 to recruit effector cells, reducing IFN-I production by killing PDCs. Anifrolumab binds to the IFN-I receptor, blocking the activity of all IFN-Is, and deucravacitinib reduces IFN-I by inhibiting TYK2, thereby interfering with downstream signaling. Therapies that target IFN-I represents a promising class of medications for SLE patients.

2025-02-11·Immunotherapy

Part A of the LILAC study of litifilimab for systemic lupus erythematosus: a plain language summary

Article

作者: Meyers, Adam ; Carroll, Hua ; Furie, Richard A ; Musselli, Cristina ; Franchimont, Nathalie ; Romero-Diaz, Juanita ; Navarra, Sandra ; Huang, Xiaobi ; Werth, Victoria ; van Vollenhoven, Ronald F ; Kalunian, Kenneth ; Barbey, Catherine

项与利替非利单抗相关的新闻（医药）

2025-06-24

·FierceBiotech

Royalty signs off on $2B to bankroll Revolution\'s RAS cancer drug\'s road to regulators

Royalty Pharma’s CEO Pablo Legorreta described this morning’s deal with Revolution Medicines as a “groundbreaking partnership.”\n Revolution Medicines has secured a potential funding infusion of up to $2 billion from Royalty Pharma in return for a slice of the profits if Revolution’s lead cancer drug makes it to market.Revolution launched a second phase 3 study of the candidate, a RAS(ON) multi-selective inhibitor called daraxonrasib, in patients with RAS mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) last month. A late-stage study of daraxonrasib in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is ongoing.This morning’s deal gives Revolution the financial firepower to take daraxonrasib through to commercialization without the need for a Big Pharma partner. The biotech also plans to use the funding to accelerate work on the rest of its RAS(ON) inhibitor portfolio, which includes a RAS(ON) G12D-selective inhibitor called zoldonrasib being tested in patients with KRAS G12C-mutant NSCLC.RAS mutations are one of the most common oncogenic drivers of NSCLC, occurring in around 30% of cases, according to the Revolution.A total of $1.25 billion of the money pledged by Royalty has been agreed in exchange for tiered royalties on net sales of daraxonrasib over 15 years. The royalty rate begins at 4.55% on the first $2 billion of sales before shrinking as sales increase until stopping altogether for sales above $8 billion.Revolution has already received the first $250 million tranche of funding from Royalty, and is due to receive the same amount again should the phase 3 PDAC study hit its goals. The remaining $750 million of the $1.25 billion can be accessed by Revolution after daraxonrasib is approved and certain other milestones are hit.But if Revolution does decide to use all $1.25 billion of the funding on offer, it would boost the royalty rate to 7.8% for sales below $2 billion before reducing to 2.4% for sales between $4 billion and $8 billion.If zoldonrasib eventually gets approved for the same indications as daraxonrasib, then these sales would also be included in net sales figures used to decide the royalties due to Royalty, Revolution explained in the release. On top of that $1.25 billion royalty-related funding deal, Royalty will also offer $750 million to Revolution as a loan spread across three $250 million tranches. This loan will be linked to the commercialization of daraxonrasib, with the first tranche available if the drug gets approved for PDAC and the other two tied to hitting certain sales milestones.Even before the financing deal, Revolution was hardly short of money—having ended March with $2.1 billion to hand in cash and equivalents, which it expected to last into 2027.“Today’s announcement represents a major boost to our bold vision on behalf of patients with RAS-addicted cancers,” Revolution’s CEO Mark Goldsmith, M.D., Ph.D., said in the release.“This funding agreement significantly increases the financial resources we can deploy while preserving optionality as we scale our operations to create the industry-leading global targeted medicines franchise for patients with RAS-addicted cancers based on our highly differentiated RAS(ON) inhibitor portfolio,” Goldsmith added.Royalty, a buyer of biopharmaceutical royalties, penned a similar financing deal in February to enable Biogen to bankroll the phase 3 development of its lupus candidate litifilimab.Royalty’s CEO Pablo Legorreta described this morning’s deal with Revolution as a “groundbreaking partnership.”“This partnership exemplifies a new funding paradigm for highly innovative biotech companies,” Legorreta added. “In contrast to a conventional pharma partnership, this large-scale and flexible funding agreement enables Revolution Medicines to retain control of the clinical development of daraxonrasib, as well as the ability to capture significant value creation that would result from the successful clinical development and commercialization of its pipeline.”

$Royalty signs off on $2B to bankroll Revolution\'s RAS cancer drug\'s road to regulators$

临床3期引进/卖出临床1期

2025-05-30

·BiG生物创新社

对标K药，三生制药赢麻了

作者｜momo2025年5月，三生制药以一场震撼行业的“王炸级”操作赢麻了，60.5亿美元天价BD交易刷新国产创新药出海天花板，其PD-1/VEGF双抗SSGJ-707凭借“Best-in-Class”临床数据成为“下一个K药”有力竞争者。 01 天价BD，孕育下一个K药2025年5月20日，中国生物医药行业迎来历史性时刻——三生制药宣布与辉瑞达成总额60.5亿美元的授权协议，将其PD-1/VEGF双抗SSGJ-707的全球（除中国内地）权益授予辉瑞。这一交易以12.5亿美元首付款刷新国产创新药出海纪录，远超此前康方生物AK112与Summit Therapeutics达成的50亿美元总交易规模（图1）。三生制药SSGJ-707正在PD-1赛道上演与K药的“王座继承战”。图1.三生制药与辉瑞达成总额60.5亿美元的授权协议SSGJ-707的成功源于其独特的技术设计与临床数据优势。作为三生制药基于专有CLF2平台开发的双抗药物，其采用天然IgG4结构设计，通过消除ADCC和CDC效应，显著降低了免疫系统误伤正常组织的风险，从而在安全性上优于同类竞品。这一差异化设计使其在临床中展现出“Best-in-Class”潜力。图2.SSGJ-707 临床早期数据2025年JPM大会披露的II期数据显示，在单药一线治疗PD-L1阳性非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者中，SSGJ-707的客观缓解率（ORR）达70.8%，疾病控制率（DCR）为100%；联合化疗时，鳞癌患者ORR更飙升至81.3%，且3级及以上不良反应发生率仅为23.5%（图2）。相比之下，康方生物的AK112在III期临床试验中ORR为50%，安全性数据亦稍逊（3级及以上不良反应发生率29.4%）。尽管两者尚未开展头对头试验，但SSGJ-707的疗效与安全性组合已为其赢得“BIC”标签。图3.PD-(L)1/VEGF双抗全球研发进展PD-1/VEGF双抗的崛起源于其能够同时抑制免疫检查点PD-1和促血管生成因子VEGF“双重抗癌机制”。康方生物AK112于2024年9月公布的HARMONi-2 III期研究数据首次在头对头试验中击败默沙东的K药，成为该赛道的引爆点。此后，全球药企加速布局，而三生制药凭借SSGJ-707的快速推进（全球进度第二）抢占先机。目前，全球在研PD-(L)1/VEGF双抗达35款，其中中国占据20款（图3），但仅康方AK112上市，三生（SSGJ-707）、礼新（LM-299）、普米斯（PM8002）等紧随其后。辉瑞选择SSGJ-707而非进度更早的AK112，既因其临床数据亮眼，亦与其适应症拓展潜力及联合疗法开发空间密切相关。 02 展开合作，扩大治疗领域近年来，三生制药通过密集的对外合作与产品引进，持续拓宽治疗领域边界，逐步构建起覆盖多疾病领域的创新产品管线（图4）。在肿瘤领域，三生制药通过ADC、双抗等前沿技术组合探索治疗潜力。2025年2月，三生制药与百利天恒达成合作，共同推进其PD-1/VEGF双抗SSGJ-707与百利天恒全球首创的EGFR×HER3双抗ADC药物BL-B01D1的联用研究。BL-B01D1作为全球唯一进入临床阶段的靶向EGFR×HER3双抗ADC，已在中美开展约30项临床试验，覆盖非小细胞肺癌、乳腺癌等适应症，其中联合奥希替尼用于一线非小细胞肺癌的III期试验已完成首例受试者入组。此外，2025年1月，三生制药引进映恩生物HER2 ADC药物DB-1303，获得其在中国内地及港澳的商业化权利。DB-1303采用拓扑异构酶-1抑制剂载荷，已获FDA及NMPA突破性疗法认定，针对HER2低表达乳腺癌的III期临床试验全球领先，疾病控制率（DCR）高达94.1%。图4.公司近年来开展的合作项目（部分）在血液疾病领域，三生制药聚焦中国高发的急性髓性白血病（AML）。2024年11月，三生制药获得东阳光药第二代FLT3抑制剂苯磺酸克立福替尼的独家商业化权利。该药物针对FLT3-ITD突变型AML，其III期临床试验数据显示更强的靶点抑制活性及更低脱靶风险，有望成为国内首个上市的国产高选择性FLT3抑制剂。 2024年5月，三生蔓迪与翰宇药业合作开发司美格鲁肽注射液，切入千亿减重市场（图5）。该产品是国内首个进入III期临床的国产司美格鲁肽类似物，依托三生制药的营销网络，有望在超重/肥胖率超50%的中国市场快速渗透。同时，公司在痛风领域从EnzymeRx 引进的SEL-212（Pegsiticase）已于2024年7月向FDA提交生物制品许可申请（BLA），其通过重组酶代谢尿酸的机制为顽固性痛风患者提供新选择，潜在市场空间达百亿级。三生制药在剂型革新上亦取得显著进展。2024年10月，三生获得海和药物紫杉醇口服溶液（柏瑞素）的独家商业化权利（图5）。该产品采用脂质自乳化技术（DH-LASED），突破紫杉醇传统注射限制，生物利用度提升且过敏风险降低，无需预处理即可居家服用，极大提升晚期胃癌患者依从性。其针对HER2阴性乳腺癌的国际多中心III期研究已进入随访阶段，未来适应症拓展潜力显著。图5.三生制药在多个领域展开密集合作在血小板减少症领域，三生制药与则正医药合作的艾曲泊帕乙醇胺干混悬剂（特艾升）于2024年12月获批上市。该干混悬剂型适口性更佳，支持精准剂量调整，尤其适合儿童及吞咽困难患者，进一步巩固了公司在骨髓保护产品线的领导地位（图5）。更令人关注的是，三生制药通过引进Cosmo 附属公司 Cassiopea 旗下Winlevi（柯拉特龙乳膏）进一步切入痤疮治疗领域。作为40年来首个新机制外用雄激素受体抑制剂，Winlevi在美国市场处方量已超109万张，其在中国内地的III期桥接试验预计2025年完成，有望成为国内首个AR拮抗剂类痤疮药物，覆盖中重度患者群体。 03 发力自免，创造第二增长曲线随着全球自身药物市场加速扩容，三生制药控股子公司三生国健作为国内自免领域先行者，已构建覆盖IL-17A、IL-4R、IL-5、IL-1β等核心靶点的产品矩阵，并前瞻性布局BDCA2、TL1A等下一代靶点，推动自免业务成为继肿瘤领域后的第二增长曲线。其中，SSGJ-608是是国内进度第二的IL-17A单抗，针对斑块状银屑病，为全新的氨基酸序列，在体外和体内动物模型中显示出和同靶点抗体Cosentyx 和 Taltz 相当的生物活性。其针对中重度斑块状银屑病的III期临床试验显示，12周主要疗效数据优异，短期内快速起效、疗效优势明显、维持治疗期，SSGJ-608给药间隔延长至Q4W或Q8W疗效持续维持高位，有望在PsO上实现更长给药间隔（图6）。图6.SSGJ-608 III期临床研究数据相较于已上市的司库奇尤单抗（诺华）和依奇珠单抗（礼来），SSGJ-608通过优化氨基酸序列实现更高生物活性，并计划拓展中轴型脊柱炎适应症，预计2025年递交NDA，成为国产IL-17A领域的重要竞争者。此外，SSGJ-611是全球第三款靶向IL-4Rα的生物制剂。它通过精准阻断IL-4/IL-13炎症信号通路，抑制2型免疫反应过度激活，从而快速缓解瘙痒、修复皮肤屏障。在特应性皮炎（AD）II期临床中（图7），300mg每两周给药组的EASI-75应答率达72.5%，优于度普利尤单抗同阶段数据（67%），并计划于2026年提交NDA。其适应症布局覆盖AD、COPD及慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉（CRSwNP），目标患者群体超1.6亿人，有望复制度普利尤单抗“一药多适应症”的放量路径。图7.SSGJ-611 II期临床研究数据值得注意的是，针对急性痛风性关节炎的重组抗白介素1-β（IL-1β）人源化单克隆抗体SSGJ-613的II期临床结果显示，使用SSGJ-613治疗12周复发率仅8.3%，显著低于阳性对照组倍他米松（28.6%），且疼痛评分降幅达70%以上。目前国内尚无IL-1β单抗上市，长春高新的金纳单抗虽已递交NDA，但SSGJ-613凭借更优疗效数据和三生国健在风湿科的渠道优势，有望在2025年NDA后快速抢占市场。与此同时，三生国建持续布局BDCA2、TL1A等自免领域前沿靶点。BDCA2靶点通过抑制浆细胞样树突状细胞（pDC）产生干扰素α/β，直击红斑狼疮核心病理机制。三生国健的SSGJ-626已在中美同步获批IND，进度仅次于Biogen的Litifilimab（III期临床中），有望成为全球第二款进入临床的BDCA2单抗（图8）。图8.SSGJ-626有望成为全球第二款进入临床的BDCA2单抗另外，TL1A靶点在溃疡性结肠炎、克罗恩病等适应症中展现突破性潜力，辉瑞、默沙东等跨国药企已通过BD交易押注该赛道。三生制药的SSGJ-627于2025年1月获准IND，成为国内首个进入临床的TL1A单抗，有望在消化系统自免领域建立先发优势。结语三生制药凭60.5亿美元天价BD交易、SSGJ-707强劲数据及肿瘤、自免多线布局实力“赢麻”，以创新硬实力与前瞻战略，在出海与本土市场双制霸，成国产药企“顶流”标杆！参考资料[1]https://www.3sbio.com/ImgUpload/files/202501/2025012104430567755.pdf[2]https://www.3sbio.com/ImgUpload/files/202408/2024082206294824405.pdf[3]三生制药官网、官微、国盛证券研报、中泰证券研报、各种公开资料等共建Biomedical创新生态圈！如何加入BiG会员？

2025-05-26

·汇聚南药

红斑狼疮「潜在大药」亮相

红斑狼疮的靶向治疗药物种类丰富，包括生物制剂和小分子药物等，其中生物制药有3款药获批上市，而尚无用于治疗红斑狼疮的小分子靶向药物获批上市。近期，德国默克宣布其潜在用于治疗皮肤型红斑狼疮（CLE）和系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）的“first-in-class”口服小分子TLR7/8抑制剂enpatoran的一项2期WILLOW研究取得积极结果。此次2期临床的成功，使得红斑狼疮的靶向小分子药物研发更进一步。红斑狼疮靶向治疗生物制剂生物制剂是红斑狼疮靶向治疗的重要组成部分，主要通过靶向特定的细胞因子或免疫细胞来调节免疫反应，包括B细胞激活因子（BAFF/BLyS）、增殖诱导配体（APRIL）、CD20、CD22、T细胞相关靶点CTLA4、CD40L和IL6R等（图1）。图1 红斑狼疮靶向治疗常见的靶点图片来源：参考文献1目前已获批用于治疗红斑狼疮的靶向治疗生物制剂有贝利尤单抗、阿尼鲁单抗和泰它西普。1.贝利尤单抗贝利尤单抗是由GSK和Human Genome Sciences（HGS）共同研发的一种靶向BAFF/BLyS的全人源IgG1λ单克隆抗体，于2011年3月首次在美国获批上市，用于治疗活动性、自身抗体阳性的成人系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者，是首个专门用于治疗红斑狼疮的生物制剂。随后2019年12月和2023年2月分别获批用于治疗活动性狼疮肾炎（LN）的成人患者和潜在治疗系统性硬化症（SSc）。贝利尤单抗的获批基于多项关键临床试验，包括BLISS-52和BLISS-76试验以及BLISS-LN试验等，其中BLISS-52和BLISS-76试验结果显示，贝利尤单抗联合标准治疗显著提高了患者的SRI-4反应率（图2）。图2 贝利尤单抗的部分临床试验结果图片来源：参考文献2贝利尤单抗自上市以来销售额呈逐年上升趋势，2022年销售额达11.46亿英镑（约14.9亿美元），2022年销售额达13.49亿英镑（约17.54亿美元），2024年销售额约14.90亿英镑（约19.37亿美元），根据Verified Market Reports的数据，贝利尤单抗的销售额预计到2033年将增至32亿美元，年复合增长率为6.9%。2.阿尼鲁单抗阿尼鲁单抗是由阿斯利康研发的靶向Ⅰ型干扰素受体1（IFNAR1）的人单克隆抗体，于2021年8月获得美国FDA批准，用于治疗正在接受标准疗法的中度至重度SLE成年患者。此次获批是基于两项TULIP 3期试验和MUSE 2期试验。在这些试验中，与安慰剂相比，更多接受阿尼鲁单抗治疗的患者经历了包括皮肤和关节在内的器官系统整体疾病活动度的降低，并且口服皮质类固醇（OCS）的使用持续减少。阿尼鲁单抗目前也在中国开展SLE临床III期试验。3.泰它西普泰它西普是由荣昌生物自主研发的靶向BAFF/BlyS和APRIL两种关键的B细胞存活因子的新型融合蛋白，于2021年3月在中国获得有条件批准，用于治疗活动性SLE患者，有研究显示抗磷脂抗体阳性SLE患者中显示有效，有望进一步拓宽其适应人群。2024年7月，NMPA接受了泰它西普用于治疗类风湿关节炎（RA）的新临床适应症申请，除此之外，泰它西普还在开展重症肌无力（MG）、IgA肾病和原发性干燥综合征（pSS）等适应症。2025年4月8日，荣昌生物在2025年美国神经病学学会（AAN）年会上公布了3期评估泰它西普在全身性重症肌无力（gMG）患者中的疗效和安全性临床试验（NCT05737160）的结果。研究结果显示：在泰它西普240 mg组的参与者中，98.1%的患者在第24周时体重肌无力日常生活活动（MG-ADL）评分降低≥3分，87%的患者定量重症肌无力（QMG）评分降低≥5分。在迄今为止报道的3期研究中，泰利西普在所有gMG药物中具有最高的MG-ADL反应率，它将提供一种重要的新治疗选择gMG。除了上市获批的用于治疗红斑狼疮的生物制剂外，还有很多在研的生物制剂，包括奥滨尤妥珠单抗、达匹罗珠单抗和利替非利单抗等。1.奥滨尤妥珠单抗奥滨尤妥珠单抗是由罗氏研发的是一种II型抗CD20单克隆抗体，于2016年2月首次在FDA获批上市，用于治疗复发或难治性滤泡性淋巴瘤（FL），除此之外，奥滨尤妥珠单抗在治疗狼疮性肾炎和系统性红斑狼疮方面显示出显著的临床益处，特别是在对传统治疗耐药的患者中。FDA已同意审查罗氏提交的奥滨尤妥珠单抗用于治疗狼疮性肾炎的申请，该请求基于3期REGENCY试验（NCT04221477）的数据以补充生物制品许可申请（sBLA）的形式提交。FDA现在预计在10月之前做出关于奥滨尤妥珠单抗批准用于狼疮性肾炎的最终决定。今年2月，3期REGENCY试验的详细分析发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》上。该研究表明，完全肾反应（CRR）的主要终点有统计学意义和临床意义的改善，显示46.4%的奥滨尤妥珠单抗联合标准疗法治疗的患者达到76周时的CRR，而单独接受标准治疗的患者只有33.1%达到。与此同时，补体水平也有临床意义的改善，抗dsDNA、疾病活动和炎症标志物也有所减少（图3）。图3 3期REGENCY试验结果图片来源：参考文献62.达匹罗珠单抗达匹罗珠单抗是由优时比和渤健联合开发的一种人源化聚乙二醇化抗CD40L Fab片段，目前正在进行3期临床试验，用于治疗中度至重度SLE。去年9月，优时比和渤健宣布达皮罗珠单抗的3期PHOENYCS GO研究的积极顶线结果：与安慰剂相比，达皮罗珠单抗组的BICLA反应率显著高于安慰剂组（49.5%vs.34.6%），中度至重度疾病活动得到更大的改善。在测量疾病活动和发作的关键次要终点中观察到临床改善。基于PHOENYCS GO研究的成功结果，优时比和渤健于今年启动第二项3期临床试验PHOENYCS FLY。3.利替非利单抗利替非利单抗是由渤健研发的一种人源化IgG1单克隆抗体，可以靶向血液树突状细胞抗原2（BDCA2），通过抑制BDCA2减少包括I型干扰素（IFN-I）在内的炎性细胞因子的产生，从而调节红斑狼疮的病理机制。此前，利替非利单抗的Ⅱ期LILAC研究结果显示其显著降低皮肤疾病活动度的效果，与安慰剂组相比，能够有效缓解CLE患者的皮肤症状。目前，利替非利单抗正在进行TOPAZ-1和TOPAZ-2两项Ⅲ期临床试验，预计今年会出临床结果。红斑狼疮靶向治疗小分子药物除了生物制剂之外，小分子靶向药物也是红斑狼疮一大类主要治疗药物，治疗的靶点包括JAK、BTK、TLR7/8和蛋白酶体等，包括JAK抑制剂托法替布、巴瑞替尼、乌帕替尼和BTK抑制剂芬布替尼、奥布替尼等。1.托法替布托法替布是由辉瑞开发的一种泛JAK抑制剂，对JAK1/3作用更强，于2012年11月首次获批上市，目前已获批用于治疗多种免疫介导的疾病，包括类风湿关节炎、银屑病关节炎、溃疡性结肠炎、多关节型幼年特发性关节炎和强直性脊柱炎等。托法替布在SLE的一项Ib/IIa期、双盲、随机对照试验取得积极结果：托法替布在无意外严重不良事件（SAE）、疾病恶化或血栓栓塞的研究中耐受性良好。托法替布治疗后血脂谱、动脉硬度、I型IFN基因特征和循环中性粒细胞胞外陷阱得到改善。STAT4风险等位基因患者的实验室参数改善更稳健，这与SLE更严重的临床表型相关。2.乌帕替尼乌帕替尼是由艾伯维研发的一种选择性口服JAK1抑制剂，于2019年8月首次获得FDA，用于治疗多种自身免疫性疾病，包括类风湿性关节炎、银屑病关节炎、特应性皮炎等。去年10月，乌帕替尼单药或者与艾尔布替尼联用（ABBV-599高剂量）显示SLE疾病活动度显著改善并减少发作，并且在48周内耐受性良好。去年12月，ACR Convergence 2024会议上艾伯维公布结果显示，ABBV-599联合治疗组和乌帕替尼单药治疗组的患者疾病活动性降低，并且这种降低在试验的后半部分得以维持，长达104周。在研的靶向TLR 7/8抑制剂TLR7（Toll样受体7）和TLR8是模式识别受体，在自身免疫性疾病（如红斑狼疮）和某些炎症性疾病中，TLR7/8的过度激活可能导致炎症反应失控。因此，开发TLR7/8抑制剂成为治疗红斑狼疮的重要策略，这些抑制剂通过阻断TLR7/8的信号传导，减少炎症反应，降低疾病活动度。目前尚无用于治疗红斑狼疮的靶向TLR7/8抑制剂获批上市，在研的药物有Enpatoran和E6742等。1.EnpatoranEnpatoran是由Merck研发的一种潜在的皮肤型红斑狼疮（CLE）和SLE的同类首创口服疗法，可以选择性地阻断TLR7/8的激活，对其他内体TLR，即TLR3和TLR9没有影响。临床前PK研究表明Enpatoran具有高口服生物利用度，小鼠、大鼠和狗的生物利用度分别为100%、87%和84%。Enpatoran在体外测定中可以有效抑制人TLR7（hTLR7）、小鼠TLR7（m TLR7）和hTLR8，但不抑制mTLR8（图4）。图4 Enpatoran体外抑制结果图片来源：InvivoGen网站近期，Merck宣布了enpatoran的一项2期WILLOW研究（NCT05162586）队列A的积极数据，表明CLE和SLE伴活动性狼疮皮疹患者第16周时疾病活动度具有临床意义的降低，Enpatoran耐受性良好，未发现新的安全性信号。2.E6742E6742是由卫材株式会社（Eisai Co.,Ltd.）研发的一种选择性靶向TLR7/8双拮抗剂，通过抑制TLR7和TLR8的激活，减少促炎细胞因子和自身抗体的产生，用于治疗SLE。E6742的一些临床1/2期试验取得积极结果：E6742具有良好的安全性，耐受性良好，并且能够抑制干扰素基因标志（IGS）反应，在第12周时，E6742 100 mg组BICLA反应率为37.5%（3/8患者），200 mg组为57.1%（4/7患者），而安慰剂组为33.3%（3/9患者）（图5）。这些结果为E6742治疗SLE提供了首个临床证据，并支持进行更大规模、更长期的临床试验。图5 E6742的临床结果图片来源：参考文献12结语红斑狼疮是一种常见的慢性、反复发作的自身免疫性疾病，市场规模也在逐年扩大。目前已有靶向的生物制剂获批上市，尚无靶向的小分子抑制剂获批上市，与生物制剂相比，小分子抑制剂具有可口服等优点。然而用于治疗红斑狼疮的靶向小分子抑制剂研发并不顺利，有多款药物折戟在临床，包括JAK抑制剂Solcitinib、BTK抑制剂Evobrutinib、TLR7/8抑制剂MHV370等，近期，Merck的选择性口服TLR7/8抑制剂2期临床成功给该类药物的研发重拾了信心。参考文献1.Dominik Samotij and Adam Reich,Biologics in the Treatment of Lupus Erythematosus:A Critical Literature Review,Biomed Res Int.2019 Jul 18;2019:81423682.Roger A Levy et.al,10 Years of belimumab experience:What have we learnt?,Lupus.2021 Jul 8;30(11):1705–1721.3.BelimouMab市场规模，竞争市场和预测20324.Saphnelo(anifrolumab)approved in the US for moderate to severe systemic lupus erythematosus5.RemeGen’s Telitacicept Shows Best-in-Class Efficacy in Phase 3 Trial for Generalized Myasthenia Gravis6.R.A.Furie et.al,Efficacy and Safety of Obinutuzumab in Active Lupus Nephritis,The New England Journal of Medicine 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临床3期上市批准ASH会议临床2期siRNA

100 项与利替非利单抗相关的药物交易

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适应症	最高研发状态	国家/地区	公司	日期
皮肤红斑狼疮	临床3期	美国	Biogen, Inc.	2023-10-03
皮肤红斑狼疮	临床3期	中国	Biogen Idec Research Ltd.	2023-10-03
皮肤红斑狼疮	临床3期	日本	Biogen, Inc.	2023-10-03
皮肤红斑狼疮	临床3期	阿根廷	Biogen, Inc.	2023-10-03
皮肤红斑狼疮	临床3期	比利时	Biogen Idec Research Ltd.	2023-10-03
皮肤红斑狼疮	临床3期	巴西	Biogen, Inc.	2023-10-03
皮肤红斑狼疮	临床3期	保加利亚	Biogen, Inc.	2023-10-03
皮肤红斑狼疮	临床3期	加拿大	Biogen, Inc.	2023-10-03
皮肤红斑狼疮	临床3期	智利	Biogen, Inc.	2023-10-03
皮肤红斑狼疮	临床3期	哥伦比亚	Biogen, Inc.	2023-10-03

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研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


NCT02847598 (LILAC \| LILAC study, CTgov)	临床2期	皮肤红斑狼疮 \| 系统性红斑狼疮 \| 盘状红斑狼疮	264	Placebo (Part A: Placebo)	齋齋憲製範醖艱構築製(鏇觸廠襯夢觸鹹蓋遞願) = 製繭淵願餘夢鑰鹹糧衊廠鏇鑰憲鏇夢壓選齋鬱 (壓範膚糧遞壓蓋獵製襯, 10.3) 更多	-	2023-05-15
				BIIB059 (litifilimab) (Part A: BIIB059 450 mg)	齋齋憲製範醖艱構築製(鏇觸廠襯夢觸鹹蓋遞願) = 膚窪鏇願衊範夢糧鹽鑰廠鏇鑰憲鏇夢壓選齋鬱 (壓範膚糧遞壓蓋獵製襯, 8.7) 更多
NCT02847598 (LILAC, Pubmed \| N Engl J Med)	临床2期	系统性红斑狼疮 BDCA2	132	Litifilimab 450 mg	獵鑰窪鹽蓋窪積壓廠獵(構製窪積壓憲鬱選簾獵): P-Value = 0.04 更多	积极	2022-09-08
				Placebo
NCT02847598 (LILAC, Pubmed \| N Engl J Med)	临床2期	皮肤红斑狼疮	132	Litifilimab 50 mg	鹽顧淵艱選簾糧憲憲獵(廠餘網範鹹壓膚鹹網夢) = Litifilimab was associated with one case of herpes zoster infection 築獵範艱壓憲蓋鏇艱鏇 (獵顧製鹽鑰衊鏇廠築願 ) 更多	积极	2022-07-28
				Litifilimab 150 mg
NCT02847598 (LILAC study, EULAR2022)	临床2期	皮肤红斑狼疮 BDCA2	-	BIIB059	廠積選襯遞觸壓願夢淵(醖獵網齋鬱夢願顧構遞) = 網繭廠醖鏇選觸顧窪鏇獵鏇襯簾壓餘蓋齋願餘 (醖憲蓋餘窪範憲醖壓觸 ) 更多	积极	2022-06-01
NCT02847598 (LILAC, EULAR2022)	临床2期	系统性红斑狼疮 anti-nuclear antibodies \| anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies	-	BIIB059 450 mg	築壓憲壓夢鹽鹽遞觸願(窪積夢鹹衊願鏇壓糧獵) = 憲衊壓齋獵顧簾憲獵製鑰觸願範憲鏇膚繭蓋窪 (蓋壓鑰簾襯構醖觸鏇糧 ) 更多	积极	2022-06-01
				Placebo	築壓憲壓夢鹽鹽遞觸願(窪積夢鹹衊願鏇壓糧獵) = 鹽選顧醖鬱繭獵廠選齋鑰觸願範憲鏇膚繭蓋窪 (蓋壓鑰簾襯構醖觸鏇糧 ) 更多
NCT02847598 (LILAC, ACR2020) 人工标引	临床2期	系统性红斑狼疮	120	BIIB059	糧願選廠範積淵襯衊艱(糧壓範蓋壓觸範製範鑰) = 簾網淵繭壓壓繭簾鑰淵齋鑰糧齋顧窪廠鏇齋窪 (製齋範鹽範鏇積構範範, 1.2) 更多	积极	2020-11-07
				Placebo	糧願選廠範積淵襯衊艱(糧壓範蓋壓觸範製範鑰) = 壓構窪築糧鹽窪築艱積齋鑰糧齋顧窪廠鏇齋窪 (製齋範鹽範鏇積構範範, 1.3) 更多
NCT02847598 (LILAC, EULAR2020)	临床2期	皮肤红斑狼疮	132	BIIB059 50 mg	製淵醖襯膚膚憲網築鏇(遞範糧範膚鹽築簾衊壓) = 62 (62.6%) 80 (60.6%) 構餘構醖簾壓鹹齋壓廠 (廠憲餘淵蓋顧艱廠積構 ) 更多	积极	2020-06-03
				BIIB059 150 mg
NCT02847598 (Pubmed \| J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn)	临床2期	皮肤红斑狼疮	264	BIIB059	壓衊窪鏇範窪廠網築夢(鹹蓋壓積膚餘觸鑰製艱) = 壓壓鑰餘製鹹鹽遞觸鹽窪鹹築鑰網淵築廠鬱顧 (鏇鬱繭鑰遞遞願廠窪顧 ) 更多	-	2020-06-01
NCT02106897 (Pubmed \| J Clin Invest) 人工标引	临床1期	湿疹 \| 系统性红斑狼疮	54	BIIB059	窪築醖夢夢鑰鏇構願觸(積蓋顧選選顧糧構夢觸) = 艱憲淵繭鏇鹽鹹遞鏇鹽憲簾餘蓋齋淵獵網膚網 (鑰餘簾襯製遞膚廠顧廠 ) 更多	积极	2019-03-01
				Placebo	窪築醖夢夢鑰鏇構願觸(積蓋顧選選顧糧構夢觸) = 鏇範構積憲壓鏇夢醖夢憲簾餘蓋齋淵獵網膚網 (鑰餘簾襯製遞膚廠顧廠 ) 更多
NCT02106897 (EULAR2018)	临床1期	BDCA2 on pDC	-	BIIB059 20 mg/kg IV	鏇積淵壓觸廠齋廠窪壓(醖網鑰餘艱窪餘淵簾鹹) = 鏇製積願選製夢廠簾簾淵夢壓獵鏇壓艱蓋鹹艱 (獵艱淵繭築醖淵鏇鹹鏇 ) 更多	-	2018-06-13
				BIIB059 20, 50 or 150 mg SC	衊築簾夢壓衊鑰簾蓋願(蓋齋選構築築艱網鹹鹽) = 醖鬱築選膚憲構觸鬱顧積壓遞淵築襯積構積蓋 (築糧獵願鹹範積醖簾觸 ) 更多