The WHO recommends artesunate as the drug of choice for the treatment of severe malaria. However, the efficacy of this single drug as compared to the combined drug regimen remained questionable, and the clinical response was considered delayed or inappropriate. Therefore, this research intended to evaluate the efficacy of only IV artesunate versus IV artesunate plus IV quinine in the treatment of severe malaria in children. The findings of the study would be helpful knowing whether the two drugs, when given together, have considerable benefit over single-drug therapy when given for the same.

开始日期2023-03-01

申办/合作机构

RESnTEC, Institute of Research

ACTRN12623000029695 / RecruitingN/AIIT

Effects of quinine, alone and combined with dietary nutrients before a highly palatable milkshake, on gut function and blood glucose in healthy volunteers

开始日期2023-01-30

申办/合作机构-

ACTRN12620001139965 / CompletedN/AIIT

Effects of intraduodenal administration of quinine on blood glucose concentrations, gastric emptying, gut and gluco-regulatory hormone release, and gastrointestinal symptoms in healthy females.

开始日期2020-06-01

申办/合作机构-

100 项与盐酸奎宁水合物相关的临床结果

登录后查看更多信息

100 项与盐酸奎宁水合物相关的转化医学

登录后查看更多信息

100 项与盐酸奎宁水合物相关的专利（医药）

登录后查看更多信息

8,162

项与盐酸奎宁水合物相关的文献（医药）

2024-12-01·Fitoterapia

Alkaloids in Cancer therapy: Targeting the tumor microenvironment and metastasis signaling pathways

Review

作者: Jha, Saurav Kumar ; Sahebkar, Amirhossein ; Haftcheshmeh, Saeed Mohammadian ; Zareh, Danial ; Amini, Elaheh ; Shakeri, Abolfazl ; Koochaki, Raoufeh ; Zarehossini, Sara ; Kesharwani, Prashant

The use of phytomedicine in cancer therapy is a growing field of research that takes use of the medicinal properties of plant-derived compounds. Under the domain of cancer therapy and management, alkaloids, a prominent group of natural compounds, have showed significant potential. Alkaloids often affect a wide range of essential cellular mechanisms involved in cancer progression. These multi-targeting capabilities, can give significant advantages to alkaloids in overcoming resistance mechanisms. For example, berberine, an alkaloid found in Berberis species, is widely reported to induce apoptosis by activating caspases and regulating apoptotic pathways. Notably, alkaloids like as quinine have showed promise in inhibiting the formation of new blood vessels required for tumor growth. In addition, alkaloids have shown anti-proliferative and anticancer properties mostly via modulating key signaling pathways involved in metastasis, including those regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. This work provides a comprehensive overview of naturally occurring alkaloids that exhibit anticancer properties, with a specific emphasis on their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. Furthermore, many methods to modify previously reported difficult physicochemical properties using nanocarriers in order to enhance its systemic bioavailability have been discussed as well. This study also includes information on newly discovered alkaloids that are now being studied in clinical trials for their potential use in cancer treatment. Further, we have also briefly mentioned on the application of high-throughput screening and molecular dynamics simulation for acceleration on the identification of potent alkaloids based compounds to target and treat cancer.

2024-12-01·Sleep Medicine

Signal detection of drugs associated with obstructive and central sleep apnoea

Article

作者: Joyeux-Faure, M ; Joyeux-Faure, M. ; Khouri, C. ; Revol, B ; Pepin, J L ; Hlavaty, A ; Pepin, J.L. ; Khouri, C ; Cracowski, J L ; Hlavaty, A. ; Borel, J C ; Jambon-Barbara, C ; Jambon-Barbara, C. ; Borel, J.C. ; Revol, B. ; Cracowski, J.L.

We aim to discover new safety signals of drug-induced sleep apnoea (SA), a global health problem affecting approximately 1 billion people worldwide. We first conducted a series of sequence symmetry analyses (SSA) in a cohort composed from all patients who received a first SA diagnosis or treatment between 2006 and 2018 in the Echantillon Généraliste des Bénéficaires (EGB), a random sample of the French healthcare database. We used two primary outcomes to estimate the sequence ratio (SR) for all drug classes available in France: a sensitive one (diagnosis or treatment of SA) and a specific one (Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) therapy). We then performed disproportionality analyses using the "Bayesian neural network method" on all cases of sleep apnoea (MedDRA high level term) reported up to November 2023 in the World Health Organisation (WHO) pharmacovigilance database. Among the 728,167 individuals, 46,193 had an incident diagnosis or treatment for SA and 17,080 had started an incident treatment by PAP therapy. Fifty-eight drug classes had a significant SR, with 7 considered highly plausible: opium alkaloids and derivatives, benzodiazepine derivatives, other centrally acting agents, other anxiolytics, carbamic acid esters, quinine and derivatives and antivertigo preparations; with consistent signals found for the first 3 drug classes in the disproportionality analysis. In this signal detection study, we found that opioids, benzodiazepines (but not Z-drugs) and myorelaxing agents are associated with the onset or aggravation of SA. Moreover, a new safety signal for antivertigo preparations such as betahistine emerged and needs to be further explored.

2024-11-01·Clinical Nutrition

The effect of post-oral bitter compound interventions on the postprandial glycemia response: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Review

作者: Heilbronn, Leonie K. ; Mohammadpour, Zinat ; Brooker, Paige G ; Hendrie, Gilly A ; Brooker, Paige G. ; Page, Amanda J ; Heshmati, Elaheh ; Hendrie, Gilly A. ; Heilbronn, Leonie K ; Page, Amanda J.

BACKGROUND & AIMSThe post-oral sensing of bitter compounds by a family of bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) is suggested to regulate postprandial glycemia in humans. However, reports are inconsistent. This systematic review used meta-analysis to synthesise the impact of bitter compound interventions on the postprandial glycaemic response in humans.METHODSElectronic databases (Medline, PubMed, and Web of Science) were systematically searched from inception to April 2024 to identify randomised controlled trials reporting the effect of interventions utilising post-oral bitter compounds vs. placebo on postprandial plasma glucose levels at t = 2 h (2 h-PPG), and area under the curve (AUC) of glucose, insulin, and c-peptide. The random-effect and subgroup analysis were performed to calculate pooled weighted mean differences (WMD), overall and by predefined criteria.RESULTSForty-six studies (within 34 articles) were identified; 29 and 17 studies described chronic and acute interventions, respectively. The chronic interventions reduced 2 h-PPG (n = 21, WMD = -0.35 mmol/L, 95%CIs = -0.58, -0.11) but not AUC for glucose or insulin. Subgroup analysis showed the former was particularly evident in individuals with impaired glycemia, interventions longer than three months, or quinine family administration. The acute interventions did not improve the postprandial glycemia response, but subgroup analysis revealed a decrease in AUC-glucose after quinine family administration (n = 4 WMD = -90.40 (nmol × time/L), 95%CIs = -132.70, -48.10).CONCLUSIONChronic bitter compound interventions, particularly those from the quinine family, may have therapeutic potential in those with glycemia dysregulation. Acute intervention of the quinine family may also improve postprandial glucose. Given the very low quality of the evidence, further investigations with more rigorous methods are still required.

项与盐酸奎宁水合物相关的新闻（医药）

2023-07-10

·Science Daily

Bees make decisions better and faster than we do, for the things that matter to them

Research reveals how millions of years of evolution has engineered honey bees to make fast decisions and reduce risk. Honey bees have to balance effort, risk and reward, making rapid and accurate assessments of which flowers are mostly likely to offer food for their hive. Research published in the journal eLife today reveals how millions of years of evolution has engineered honey bees to make fast decisions and reduce risk. The study enhances our understanding of insect brains, how our own brains evolved, and how to design better robots. The paper presents a model of decision-making in bees and outlines the paths in their brains that enable fast decision-making. The study was led by Professor Andrew Barron from Macquarie University in Sydney, and Dr HaDi MaBouDi, Neville Dearden and Professor James Marshall from the University of Sheffield. "Decision-making is at the core of cognition," says Professor Barron. "It's the result of an evaluation of possible outcomes, and animal lives are full of decisions. A honey bee has a brain smaller than a sesame seed. And yet she can make decisions faster and more accurately than we can. A robot programmed to do a bee's job would need the back up of a supercomputer. "Today's autonomous robots largely work with the support of remote computing," Professor Barron continues. "Drones are relatively brainless, they have to be in wireless communication with a data centre. This technology path will never allow a drone to truly explore Mars solo -- NASA's amazing rovers on Mars have travelled about 75 kilometres in years of exploration." Bees need to work quickly and efficiently, finding nectar and returning it to the hive, while avoiding predators. They need to make decisions. Which flower will have nectar? While they're flying, they're only prone to aerial attack. When they land to feed, they're vulnerable to spiders and other predators, some of which use camouflage to look like flowers. "We trained 20 bees to recognise five different coloured 'flower disks'. Blue flowers always had sugar syrup," says Dr MaBouDi. "Green flowers always had quinine [tonic water] with a bitter taste for bees. Other colours sometimes had glucose." "Then we introduced each bee to a 'garden' where the 'flowers' just had distilled water. We filmed each bee then watched more than 40 hours of video, tracking the path of the bees and timing how long it took them to make a decision. "If the bees were confident that a flower would have food, then they quickly decided to land on it taking an average of 0.6 seconds)," says Dr MaBouDi. "If they were confident that a flower would not have food, they made a decision just as quickly." If they were unsure, then they took much more time -- on average 1.4 seconds -- and the time reflected the probability that a flower had food. The team then built a computer model from first principles aiming to replicate the bees' decision-making process. They found the structure of their computer model looked very similar to the physical layout of a bee brain. "Our study has demonstrated complex autonomous decision-making with minimal neural circuitry," says Professor Marshall. "Now we know how bees make such smart decisions, we are studying how they are so fast at gathering and sampling information. We think bees are using their flight movements to enhance their visual system to make them better at detecting the best flowers." AI researchers can learn much from insects and other 'simple' animals. Millions of years of evolution has led to incredibly efficient brains with very low power requirements. The future of AI in industry will be inspired by biology, says Professor Marshall, who co-founded Opteran, a company that reverse-engineers insect brain algorithms to enable machines to move autonomously, like nature.

2023-04-26

·BioSpace

Fosun Pharma Develops Innovative Artemisinin-based Antimalarial Drugs Contributing to the Efforts for A Malaria-free World Through the Belt and Road Initiative

SHANGHAI, April 26, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- On April 25, 2023, World Health Organization (WHO) gave as the theme for World Malaria Day 2023 Time to deliver zero malaria: invest, innovate, implement. Within this theme, WHO will mainly focus on the third "i" – implement – and notably the critical importance of reaching hard to reach populations with the tools and strategies that are available today. This year 2023 also marks the 10th anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative. Medicine knows no borders. Artemisinin and its derivatives have moved from the countries along the Belt and Road to the forefront of the world's battle against malaria since it was discovered by Chinese scientists, more than 50 years ago. Through continuous innovation and global operation, Fosun Pharma has implemented and extended its efforts to "Helping Africa Fight Malaria" and contributed to the implementation of the "Belt and Road Initiative" building a community with a shared positive future for mankind. By the end of 2022, Artesun (Artesunate for Injection), independently developed and manufactured by Fosun Pharma, had treated over 56 million patients with severe malaria worldwide, becoming a prime example for innovative medicinal products developed in China serving the world. Chinese wisdom and solutions contribute to the global anti-malarial fight and to build a better future through the "Belt and Road Initiative" As one of the oldest and most widely spreading infectious diseases in the world, malaria continues to have a devastating impact on human health around the world. Historically, malaria was also widespread in China. In the 1970s, a profound effort by researchers in China as a potent antimalarial drug, inspired by ancient traditional Chinese medicine books. Subsequent development, clinical trials and deployment of this new class of drugs was essential for, malaria prevention and control in China, accumulating after more than 70 years of unremitting efforts, certification by the WHO of "Malaria-free" in 2021. From 30 million cases of the disease annually to zero, China's tireless effort to achieve this important milestone in the fight against malaria demonstrates the persistence, efforts and dedication of the Chinese people of several generations of Chinese people. However, the global efforts to control and eliminate malaria remain challenging: whereas some countries have importantly reduced their malaria burden or even eliminated malaria; others countries have seen an increase in the number of malaria patients. There were an estimated 619,000 deaths due to malaria in 2021 according to the World Malaria Report 2022 released in December 2022. The WHO African Region carries a disproportionately high share of the global malaria burden. In 2021, the Region was home to 95% of malaria cases (234 million) and 96% of malaria deaths (593,000). Children under five years old accounted for about 80% of all malaria deaths in the Region. To truly win the fight against malaria, malaria must be eradicated globally! Over the past decade of the Belt and Road Initiative, China's products for malaria prevention and control, as well as China's approach to malaria elimination, have been closely observed and are widely recognized by the WHO and the international malaria community. China's experience continues to contribute to malaria control and elimination in developing countries. The story of China's participation in global malaria elimination extends the purpose of the Silk Road and it aims to create a better future through the "Belt and Road Initiative". From the discovery of artemisinin by Tu Youyou to the wide application of artesunate for injection, an innovative drug developed in China, Chinese wisdom, and approaches contribute to the global fight against malaria. Fosun Pharma continues its independent R&D of innovative antimalarial drugs used for malaria prevention, treatment of uncomplicated malaria and life-saving treatment of severe malaria patients In 1987, Guilin Pharma, a Fosun Pharma subsidiary, was authorized the China No. X-01 Class I New Drug Certificate by the Ministry of Health of the PRC for its independently researched and developed artesunate, and the No. X-02 New Drug Certificate for artesunate for injection. Since then, artesunate has been widely used for the treatment of malaria globally, saving countless lives of malaria patients. In 2000, it was listed as one of the essential antimalarial drugs by the World Health Organization. In early 2011, the World Health Organization revised the Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria by changing the first-line drug for treating severe malaria from quinine to injectable artesunate. By the end of 2022, Fosun Pharma had supplied more than 280 million doses of Artesun (artesunate for injection) to the world, treating more than 56 million severe malaria patients worldwide. Fosun Pharma continues its independent R&D of innovative antimalarial drugs used for malaria prevention, malaria treatment and life-saving treatment of severe malaria patients. Ranging from malaria treatment to prevention, Fosun Pharma continues to provide solutions, in particular also for children, helping to effectively reduce the malaria burden and death toll of malaria in children under five years old in Africa. In August 2018, Fosun Pharma's SPAQ-CO® Disp (co-packed sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine dispersible tablets and amodiaquine dispersible tablets), for the prevention of malaria in children, was pre-qualified by WHO (WHO-PQ). By the end of 2022, around 210 million children in Africa have benefited from the "Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention Program", for which SPAQ-CO® Disp is used as the core drug and which has effectively reduced the morbidity of malaria in children under five years old in Africa. Continuously improve global operation capability and fulfill corporate social responsibility Since 2006, Fosun Pharma has actively participated in the Chinese government's Assistance to Africa in Fighting Malaria and has also participated in various public welfare activities and international malaria research projects aiming to help improve malaria control capacity in Africa. Fosun Pharma has been a core supplier of antimalarial drugs to the Global Fund, UNICEF, WHO, and national drug procurement centers in Africa. In recent years, Fosun Pharma has continuously improved its global operating capacity. By the end of 2022, a revenue of RMB 13.938 billion was earned in regions outside Chinese Mainland and other countries, accounting for 31.7% of its total revenue 2022. After more than 15 years of operations in Africa, Fosun Pharma has established a sales and marketing network in 39 countries and regions in Africa, ensuring the continued availability of medicines and healthcare products in Africa, including antimalarial drugs. Moreover, Fosun Pharma has set up five regional distribution centers in emerging markets such as Africa, with a first-line commercialization team of approximately 800 people. Among them, the Côte d'Ivoire distribution center in West Africa was officially opened in 2021 and is currently the largest local drug distribution center in the francophone region of West Africa. In November 2022, Fosun Pharma's Côte d'Ivoire campus project was officially launched, marking an important step for Fosun Pharma in the realization of local drug manufacturing and supply in Africa. In the future, the antimalarials and antibiotics produced by Fosun Pharma's Côte d'Ivoire factory will be distributed through its holding subsidiary Tridem Pharma to help Côte d'Ivoire and other regions in West Africa realize the local supply of essential drugs, thus reducing the risk of drug shortage, important for instance in case of public health crises requiring an emergency response. Wen Deyong, CEO of Fosun Pharma, said, "As a global innovation-driven pharmaceutical and healthcare industry group, Fosun Pharma always regards innovation as the most important social responsibility for a pharmaceutical enterprise. Up to now, Fosun Pharma has 30 antimalarial drugs prequalified by WHO, ranking first in the world. Meanwhile, Fosun Pharma's global operational networks will further improve the availability and affordability of antimalarial medicines so as to contribute to the achievement of the goal to end malaria by 2030." About Fosun Pharma Founded in 1994, Shanghai Fosun Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd.* ("Fosun Pharma"; stock code: 600196. SH, 02196. HK) is a global innovation-driven pharmaceutical and healthcare industry group. Fosun Pharma directly operates businesses including pharmaceuticals, medical devices, medical diagnosis, and healthcare services. As a shareholder of Sinopharm Co., Ltd., Fosun Pharma expands its areas in the pharmaceutical distribution and retail business. Fosun Pharma is patient-centered and clinical needs-oriented. The company continuously enriches its innovative product pipeline through independent research and development, cooperative development, license-in, and in-depth incubation. Fosun Pharma improves the research and clinical development capabilities of FIC (First-in-class) and BIC (Best-in-class) new drugs as well as accelerates the R&D and launch of innovative technologies and products. Guided by the 4IN strategy (Innovation, Internationalization, Intelligentization, and Integration), Fosun Pharma will uphold the development model of "Innovation Transformation, Integrated Operation and Steady Growth", with the mission of creating shareholder values through strengthening its independent R&D and external cooperation and enriching its product pipelines, as well as promoting the global networks and enhancing operational efficiency. Fosun Pharma will actively promote the digital and physical business layout in the pharmaceutical and healthcare industry and is committed to becoming a first-class enterprise in the global medical and health market. For more information, please visit our official website: View original content to download multimedia: SOURCE Fosun Pharma Company Codes: HongKong:2196, Shanghai:600196

上市批准

2022-11-16

·CPhI制药在线

工艺 | 抗抑郁药维拉唑酮（Vilazodone）公斤级制备工艺的开发

关注并星标CPHI制药在线盐酸维拉唑酮（vilazodone hydrochloride）是Trovis制药公司开发的一款选择性、可口服的5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂和部分5-HT1A受体激动剂（双重机制）。其抗抑郁作用主要来自于对5-羟色胺转运体的抑制作用，而它内在的5-HT1A受体部分激动作用，使其在理论上可对抗SSRI（五羟色胺再摄取抑制剂）类药物开始使用时的5-羟色胺水平的短暂下降，加快起效时间。美国食品和药品管理局（FDA）2011年1月批准该药物用于重度抑郁症的治疗。随着市场需求不断扩大，研发人员一直在致力于该药物分子的合成工艺改进。图1 盐酸维拉唑酮（vilazodone hydrochloride）合成策略如图1所示，盐酸维拉唑酮（vilazodone hydrochloride）的目前文献报道主要有两种策略，即通过Friedel-Crafts酰基化或者Fischer吲哚合成。Friedel-Crafts酰基化策略使用保护的或无保护的5-氰基吲哚1和4-氯丁酰氯2发生酰化反应得到I，然后5-（哌嗪-1-烷基）苯并呋喃-2-羧酸衍生物II与化合物I反应得到活性药物成分（API）维拉唑酮。Fischer吲哚合成则是以4-氰苯基盐酸肼3为原料，和6-羟基己醛4反应得到化合物I，该策略使用的6-羟基己糖4制备条件非常苛刻，原料3及其衍生物也存在潜在遗传毒性，所以该策略不适合于放大规模制备产品。图2 Friedel-Crafts酰基化策略代表性工艺路线图2展示了维拉唑酮（vilazodone hydrochloride）的Friedel-Crafts酰基化合成策略代表性工艺路线。主要包括Friedel-Crafts酰基化（B）、还原反应（C）、取代反应（D）、水解反应（E）和酰胺化反应（F）5个转化步骤。但该工艺策略存在两个低产率的步骤：Red-Al还原酮（产率26%）；和在碳酸钾、三甲胺条件下的哌嗪片段7·HCl亲核取代反应（产率32%）。经过后续酯水解、酰胺化后，维拉唑酮的总收率仅为3.5%（由7·HCl计算），并且在制备过程中会有多种杂质生成。为此，近期有研究人员对该工艺进行了近一步优化。图3 盐酸维拉唑酮（vilazodone hydrochloride）制备新工艺盐酸维拉唑酮（vilazodone hydrochloride）新型制备工艺如图3所示，该工艺从哌嗪片段7·HCl出发，首先将酯以高收率（91%）转化为酰胺12，酰胺12与保护吲哚衍生物6a在碱性条件下发生亲核取代反应得到化合物13；然后，在氢氧化钠碱性条件下脱去Ts保护基团，并经过盐酸成盐得到目标产物盐酸维拉唑酮（vilazodone hydrochloride）。临床研究显示，维拉唑酮口服与安慰剂相比有较好的抗抑郁效果，其具有耐受性好、不良反应轻微的特点，特别是相比于其他五羟色胺再摄取抑制剂，该药物对性功能影响较小甚至有改善作用。通过上述优化工艺，研究人员实现了盐酸维拉唑酮（vilazodone hydrochloride）单次公斤级制备（1.05Kg），总收率达71%（由7·HCl计算），并将杂质控制在了限度范围之内，为满足盐酸维拉唑酮（vilazodone hydrochloride）的市场需求提供了强有力的保障。参考文献： 1.Development of a Robust and Scalable Process for the Large-Scale Preparation of Vilazodone, Org. Process Res. Dev. 2022, 26, 10, 2855-2863; 2.维拉唑酮在临床的应用状况[J].中国临床药理学杂志,2014,30(09):862-864. -END-· 企业推荐智药研习社近期课程报名来源：CPHI制药在线声明：本文仅代表作者观点，并不代表制药在线立场。本网站内容仅出于传递更多信息之目的。如需转载，请务必注明文章来源和作者。投稿邮箱：Kelly.Xiao@imsinoexpo.com▼更多制药资讯，请关注CPHI制药在线▼点击阅读原文，进入智药研习社~

上市批准申请上市

100 项与盐酸奎宁水合物相关的药物交易

登录后查看更多信息

外链

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D02261	-	P01BC01	DB00468

研发状态

10 条最早获批的记录,

后查看更多信息

适应症	国家/地区	公司	日期
疟疾	日本	Mylan Pharmaceuticals ULC	1953-12-01

登录后查看更多信息

临床结果

适应症

分期

评价

查看全部结果

研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


NCT02092766 (Pubmed)	临床4期	恶性疟	217	Intravenous artesunate	構範夢鏇構製餘範觸醖(艱鏇選範簾餘繭鹹艱構) = Clinically significant delayed haemolysis following parenteral artesunate is uncommon in African children hospitalised with acute falciparum malaria and high parasitaemias 鹹餘構鬱遞膚廠範壓淵 (鹹繭衊鹽觸構構範窪繭 )	-	2017-08-17
				Quinine
NCT01047436 \| NCT01258049 (Pubmed \| Antimicrob Agents Chemother)	N/A	恶性疟	-	Sublingual artemether	夢製範繭餘繭膚積廠廠(積積醖鹽憲遞襯艱艱餘) = 蓋壓網壓鏇範選廠齋壓選鏇餘衊願壓醖廠範鏇 (餘觸積築夢艱鑰醖積願 ) 更多	-	2015-11-01
				Intravenous quinine	夢製範繭餘繭膚積廠廠(積積醖鹽憲遞襯艱艱餘) = 願鹹觸齋築壓構襯製鏇選鏇餘衊願壓醖廠範鏇 (餘觸積築夢艱鑰醖積願 ) 更多
NCT01047436 (CTgov)	临床2期	恶性疟	31	Quinine	選蓋糧醖糧膚糧網選餘(壓鹹鬱襯膚顧鹹願鑰構) = 艱願夢夢蓋鏇構鹽衊醖鬱築衊願簾夢範衊夢糧 (糧餘獵憲遞網構衊簾築, 願製選網鹽衊鑰鬱鏇顧 ~ 築醖遞窪繭獵糧積襯築) 更多	-	2011-01-14
NCT00495508 (Pubmed \| Lancet Infect Dis)	临床4期	恶性疟	304	Artemether-lumefantrine	夢淵鏇獵構衊膚範願膚(鏇獵衊構蓋餘糧簾製艱) = 窪網壓膚壓製鏇齋醖鹹築膚顧齋鑰網願觸蓋餘 (淵襯遞顧願鑰鏇夢築壓 )	积极	2010-11-01
				Quinine hydrochloride	夢淵鏇獵構衊膚範願膚(鏇獵衊構蓋餘糧簾製艱) = 選範簾簾廠淵襯製醖壓築膚顧齋鑰網願觸蓋餘 (淵襯遞顧願鑰鏇夢築壓 )