甲磺酸酚妥拉明(Phentolamine Mesylate) - 药物靶点：adrenergic receptor_在研适应症：瞳孔散大，麻醉，勃起功能障碍_专利_临床

概要

基本信息

药物类型

小分子化药

别名

2-(N-(m-hydroxyphenyl)-p-toluidinomethyl)imidazoline、Nyxol、phentolamine

+ [21]

靶点

adrenergic receptor

作用方式

拮抗剂

作用机制

adrenergic receptor拮抗剂(肾上腺素能受体家族拮抗剂)

治疗领域

神经系统疾病眼部疾病泌尿生殖系统疾病+ [1]

在研适应症

瞳孔散大麻醉勃起功能障碍+ [2]

非在研适应症

失明开角型青光眼视力低下

原研机构

Novartis Pharma AG

在研机构

Famy Life Sciences Pvt Ltd.

Opus Genetics, Inc.

上海复旦复华药业有限公司

+ [2]

非在研机构

北京福瑞康正医药技术研究所

Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批日期

美国 (1952-01-30),

麻醉

最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市

特殊审评快速通道 (美国)

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结构/序列

分子式C18H23N3O4S

InChIKeyOGIYDFVHFQEFKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS号65-28-1

关联

48

项与甲磺酸酚妥拉明相关的临床试验

NCT06787066

/ Not yet recruiting早期临床1期IIT

Sympathetic Vascular Transduction Across the Menopause Transition: Contributing Mechanisms

The investigators aim to assess the interactions between the sympathetic nervous system and the vasculature in women across the menopause transition to better understand why aging women have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease.

开始日期2025-05-01

申办/合作机构

University of Missouri

NCT06422494

/ RecruitingN/AIIT

The Role of the Adrenergic System in Hypoglycaemia Induced Inflammatory Response in People With Type 1 Diabetes and People Without Type 1 Diabetes-RAID-II

The goal of this trial is to study the effect that adrenaline has on the immune reaction seen during a low blood sugar. People with type 1 diabetes do not produce their own insulin. The cells in the pancreas that produce insulin are destroyed. People with type 1 diabetes require daily insulin administration. As a consequence of this insulin therapy the blood sugar can dip too low, causing symptoms such as confusion, irritation and tiredness. This is called hypoglycaemia. Hypoglycaemia has been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease such as heart attacks. During hypoglycaemia the immune system is activated. The immune system consists of white blood cells which produce cytokines, these are proteins used to kill pathogens such as bacteria. During hypoglycaemia there are no pathogens but the cytokines are still produced, leading to unwanted damage. A previous study performed by our research group showed that the immune system activation caused by hypoglycaemia is associated with the stress hormone adrenaline. Adrenaline is released by the body in moments of stress such as during running or bungee jumping. Adrenaline is also released by the body during hypoglycaemia to increase the sugar level. Our hypothesis is that adrenaline activates the immune system during hypoglycaemia. Adrenaline acts in the body through two receivers, these are called alpha and beta receptors. These are present on almost all cells in the body especially on the immune cells. With the study we want to study the situation where there is a hypoglycaemia without the adrenaline. We will achieve this by lowering the blood sugar in participants. During the low blood sugar we will administer two drugs, which will attach themselves to the adrenaline receivers, the alpha and beta receptor. With this method we hope to block the adrenaline effects and with that block the immune response caused by adrenaline.

开始日期2025-01-01

申办/合作机构

Radboud University Medical Center

NCT06620991

/ Not yet recruitingN/AIIT

Pre-operative Phentolamine Vs Intraoperative Esmolol Efficacy for Hypotensive Anesthesia in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of intra-operative phentolamine vs intraoperative esmolol for hypotensive anesthesia in functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

开始日期2024-10-10

申办/合作机构

Ain Shams University

100 项与甲磺酸酚妥拉明相关的临床结果

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100 项与甲磺酸酚妥拉明相关的转化医学

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100 项与甲磺酸酚妥拉明相关的专利（医药）

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13,708

项与甲磺酸酚妥拉明相关的文献（医药）

2025-07-01·COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY

Cardiovascular responses of embryonic alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) exposed to 10% O2 and sodium cyanide (NaCN), a chemoreflex-inducing compound

Article

作者: Martinez Bautista, Gil ; Tate, Kevin ; Melancon, George ; Keneda, Audrey ; Eme, John ; Crossley, Dane A

The possibly interactive effects of changes in atmospheric respiratory gases (hypoxia or hypercapnia) and pharmacological chemoreceptor stimulation have not been assessed previously. We present a series of experimental protocols investigating embryonic alligators' capacity to modulate a cardiovascular neural chemoreflex response to a known chemoreceptor stimulant, sodium cyanide (NaCN). We incubated alligator embryos in 21 % (normoxia) and 10 % O₂ (hypoxia) beginning at 20 % of embryonic incubation, and at 70 % and 90 % of incubation we measured heart rate and blood pressure responses to NaCN. These NaCN responses also included examining the effects of NaCN after 1-h exposure to 10 % O₂., ganglionic blockade with hexamethonium chloride and α-adrenergic blockade with phentolamine. Injections of NaCN into the chorioallantoic artery caused a rapid bradycardia followed by a secondary hypertension, which can be attributed to an autonomic nervous system mediated reflex loop. We compared the heart rate response to injections of 1 mg kg^-1 NaCN before and after a 1-h 10 % O₂ exposure, and it was clear that embryonic alligators lacked capacity to change the intensity of cardiovascular responses to this compound. Hexamethonium greatly lessened the rapid bradycardia, and at 90 % of incubation, the secondary hypertensive response to NaCN appeared due to α-adrenergic stimulation, as phentolamine lessened the response. Collectively, data indicate that while a cardiovascular chemoreflex can be induced by NaCN, the heart rate response lacks plasticity and is not modulated by hypoxic incubation in embryonic alligators.

2025-05-01·British Journal of Pharmacology

α‐Adrenoreceptor blocker phentolamine inhibits voltage‐gated sodium channels via the local anaesthetic binding site

Article

作者: Lampert, Angelika ; Stingl, Julia ; Hausmann, Ralf ; Toklucu, Idil ; Sudha Bhagavath Eswaran, Vishal ; Kesdoğan, Aylin Bilge ; Körner, Jannis ; Gaebler, Arnim Johannes ; Bott, Raya Atlanta

Abstract:

Background and Purpose:

Phentolamine is a non‐selective α‐adrenoreceptor antagonist used to reverse local anaesthesia, for example, during dental procedures when a vasoconstrictor is co‐applied. Phentolamine‐mediated vasodilation leads to faster clearance of injected drugs. Previous electrophysiological studies hypothesized that phentolamine acts as a modulator of voltage‐gated sodium channels, which could conflict with its indication as local anaesthetic reversal agent.

Experimental Approach:

We performed manual and high throughput patch‐clamp recordings on HEK and CHO cells expressing NaV1.7 and NaV1.5. We investigated the effects of phentolamine on sodium channel biophysics and the additive impact of phentolamine on cells preconditioned with the local anaesthetic mexiletine. We used site‐directed mutagenesis, homology modelling and drug docking to identify phentolamine's binding site. We compared the effect on sodium channels with other clinically established α‐adrenoreceptor antagonists.

Key Results:

Phentolamine inhibits NaV1.7 in HEK and CHO cells with an IC50 value of 72 and 57 μM and NaV1.5 in CHO cells with an IC50 of 27 μM. Phentolamine enhances the tonic block induced by the local anaesthetic mexiletine. Phentolamine binds to sodium channels at the local anaesthetic receptor site. The α‐adrenoreceptor antagonists alfuzosin, urapidil and phenoxybenzamine show lower potency on NaV1.5 and NaV1.7 in patch‐clamp recordings.

Conclusions and Implications:

Phentolamine blocks voltage‐gated sodium channels via the local anaesthetic receptor site. This may conflict with its current indication as an antidote for local anaesthetics. We propose alternative α‐adrenoreceptor antagonists as possible candidates for local anaesthetic reversal because these are less potent inhibitors of both cardiac and neuronal voltage‐gated sodium channels.

2025-05-01·FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL

Insight into the chemical and nutritional fat profile of Tenebrio molitor larvae reared on different Agri-food by-products

Article

作者: Segura-Borrego, M Pilar ; Callejón, Raquel M ; Aguilera-Velázquez, José Raúl ; Ubeda, Cristina ; Morales, M Lourdes ; Gutiérrez-Praena, Daniel

Insects are capable of feeding with a variety of substrates, being possible obtaining products rich in protein using by-products from agri-food industry. Hence, the aim of this work was evaluating the effect of different diets based on three agri-food industry by-products of Tenebrio molitor larvae's total fat contents and fatty acid profiles. Stabilized Alperujo (ALP), Pleorotus ostreatus spent substrate (POS) and olive leaf flour (OLF) were used mixed with wheat bran, control diet, at different percentages (20-100 %). All substrates studied modified the parameter analysed respect to the control diet. OLF subtract led to the greatest effects on the total fat content at percentage higher than 40 %. Respect to fatty acid profile, the most relevant changes were the increases of total MUFA content in samples from all T. molitor larvae fed with ALP and in most of those fed with POS, due to the specific increases of oleic acid content. On the contrary, total PUFA content decreased in most cases except for OLF substrate when the addition percentages were lower than 100 %. Moreover, OLF substrate enhanced the presence of ω-3. Finally, according to European regulations on nutritional claims, this fat fraction could be labelled as "source of ω-3", "high in monounsaturated fat" and "high in unsaturated fats". We can therefore conclude that feeding T. molitor with these agri-food by-products, especially from olive oil industry, enhanced the fatty acids profile of their fat fraction.

169

项与甲磺酸酚妥拉明相关的新闻（医药）

2025-04-18

·微信

【关注】3亿注射剂，联环药业过评了

精彩内容日前，江苏联环药业发布公告，公司的甲钴胺注射液一致性评价补充申请获批。米内网数据显示，甲钴胺注射液在2023年中国公立医疗机构终端销售额超过3亿元，是抗贫血注射剂（化+生）TOP4产品。来源：米内网一键检索甲钴胺注射液用于治疗缺乏维生素B12引起的巨幼红细胞性贫血，也适用于周围神经病。2023年中国公立医疗机构终端抗贫血注射剂TOP5产品来源：米内网中国公立医疗机构药品终端竞争格局甲钴胺注射液在2023年中国城市公立医院、县级公立医院、城市社区中心以及乡镇卫生院（简称中国公立医疗机构）终端销售额超过3亿元，是抗贫血注射剂（化+生）TOP4产品。米内网数据显示，甲钴胺注射液有26家企业拥有生产批文，江苏联环药业、石家庄四药、重庆药友制药等12家企业过评，青海晨菲制药的一致性评价补充申请在审评审批中。联环药业表示，此次甲钴胺注射液获批过评，意味着公司制剂产品的国内市场优势进一步扩大，尤其在甲钴胺注射液这一单品的亿级市场中，公司竞争力进一步加强。4月18日，联环药业发布2024年度“提质增效重回报”专项行动方案的评估报告，明确坚持创新驱动，提升核心竞争力。2024年，公司研发投入达2.77亿元，同比增长95.93%，占营业收入的比重为12.82%。值得一提的是，近期联环药业新品捷报频传。公司自主研发的改良型新药LH-2103胶囊获批临床，该产品主要用于治疗良性前列腺增生症，改善因良性前列腺增生的有关症状，目前国内外均未有上市。此外，福多司坦口服溶液、美阿沙坦钾片获批上市，甲磺酸酚妥拉明注射液通过一致性评价。资料来源：公司公告、米内网数据库等注：米内网《中国公立医疗机构药品终端竞争格局》，统计范围是：中国城市公立医院、县级公立医院、城市社区中心以及乡镇卫生院，不含民营医院、私人诊所、村卫生室；上述销售额以产品在终端的平均零售价计算。如有疏漏，欢迎指正！免责声明：本文仅作医药信息传播分享，并不构成投资或决策建议。本文为原创稿件，转载文章或引用数据请注明来源和作者，否则将追究侵权责任。投稿及报料请发邮件到872470254@qq.com稿件要求详询米内微信首页菜单栏商务及内容合作可联系QQ：412539092【分享、点赞、在看】点一点不失联哦

一致性评价上市批准

2025-04-11

·GlobeNewswire-Health Care

Opus Genetics Announces One-Month Clinical Data from Pediatric Patient in Phase 1/2 Trial of OPGx-LCA5 Gene Therapy in Inherited Retinal Diseases

First pediatric patient shows encouraging early safety profile and meaningful improvement in visual function at one month A second pediatric patient was recently dosed, and the pediatric cohort is expected to complete enrollment in Q2 2025; initial data from all three patients anticipated in Q3 2025 FDA Type D meeting provided clarity on next steps for a registrational trial design to support BLA submission, with potential trial initiation in 2026 April 08, 2025 -- Opus Genetics, Inc. (Nasdaq: IRD), a clinical-stage ophthalmic biotechnology company developing gene therapies for the treatment of inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) and to treat other ophthalmic disorders (“Opus” or the “Company”), today announced one-month clinical data from the first pediatric patient treated with its investigational gene therapy, OPGx-LCA5, in a Phase 1/2 open-label trial for LCA5-related inherited retinal disease (IRD). The new data builds upon previously reported positive results from adult patients treated in the same study. “The preliminary results observed in our pediatric patient are encouraging and are consistent with the improvements we previously observed in adults,” said Tomas Aleman, M.D., Scheie Eye Institute Perelman, the study Principal Investigator. “She noticed that objects were significantly brighter and was able to distinguish letters and navigate with an independence she had never had before, after only one-month following treatment. We’re excited to continue enrolling patients and studying improvement over longer periods of time in this important study.” George Magrath, M.D., Chief Executive Officer of Opus Genetics added “We believe these findings provided further evidence supporting the potential of OPGx-LCA5 to restore meaningful vision in patients affected by LCA5. The meeting with the FDA regarding the design of our program may lead to the start of a trial in 2026. Early intervention may be particularly beneficial in pediatric patients, given the progressive nature of this disease.” OPGx-LCA5 is currently being evaluated in a Phase 1/2 trial in adult and pediatric patients with inherited retinal degeneration due to mutations in the LCA5 gene. The trial is progressing and began enrolling a cohort of three pediatric patients in February 2025. Initial data from this pediatric cohort are expected in the third quarter of 2025. LCA5 is a rare and severe genetic disorder that leads to early-onset vision loss due to mutations in the LCA5 gene, which encodes lebercilin, a protein essential for photoreceptor function. There are no approved therapies for LCA5-related IRD to date, making gene therapy a potentially transformative approach. The first pediatric participant, aged 16 (at time of consent), received a single subretinal injection of OPGx-LCA5 and clinically meaningful improvement in vision was observed at one-month post treatment. In addition to these promising early efficacy signals, there have been no observed drug related adverse events reported to date. These data are preliminary, and we expect to be able to read out efficacy data for all three pediatric patients in the third quarter of 2025. In the ongoing Phase 1/2 trial, we have observed early clinical proof of concept in adult patients. In previously announced results for OPGx-LCA5, we observed visual improvement in all 3 of the adult patients at six months. New one-year data from the study, to be presented at the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) 2025 Meeting, on May 4, 2025 provide preliminary evidence that both subjective and objective signs of efficacy in these adult patients persisted for a year. An FDA meeting was held to discuss the potential regulatory path for OPGx LCA5, including the design of a potential registrational study. Opus proposed a single arm, adaptive pivotal study, to enroll as few as 19 patients, with a primary endpoint utilizing the multi-luminance orientation and mobility test (MLoMT), which is a functional vision and patient mobility test. MLoMT is a virtual-reality version of the multi-luminance mobility test (MLMT), which provided evidence to support a prior FDA approval. The company also received constructive feedback on its proposed statistical analysis plan (SAP) as well as chemistry, manufacturing, and controls (CMC). The FDA requested additional information on these topics, and Opus plans to submit further materials and continue discussions with the FDA. Opus anticipates the pivotal trial could initiate in Q1 2026. This clinical trial was designed to evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of subretinal gene therapy with OPGx-LCA5 in patients with inherited retinal degeneration due to biallelic mutations in the LCA5 gene. It is an open-label, Phase 1/2 trial evaluating OPGx-LCA5. The trial has been enrolling both adult and pediatric patients. Dosing of the first pediatric patients began in February 2025. Efficacy endpoints include measurement of functional vision using: 1) the Multi-Luminance orientation and Mobility Test (MLoMT); 2) Full-Field Stimulus Testing (FST), which measures the retina's sensitivity to light; and 3) microperimetry, which measures point-wise sensitivity to light. For more information, visit clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05616793). The six-month results on adult patients treated with OPGx-LCA5 were presented in a Key Opinion Leader (KOL) webinar, hosted by Opus on December 11, 2024. A copy of the presentation from the webinar can be accessed here. OPGx-LCA5 is designed to address a form of Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) due to biallelic mutations in the LCA5 gene (LCA5), which encodes the lebercilin protein. LCA5-associated inherited retinal disease is an early-onset severe inherited retinal dystrophy. Studies in patients with this mutation have reported evidence for the dissociation of retinal architecture and visual function in this disease, suggesting an opportunity for therapeutic intervention through gene augmentation. OPGx-LCA5 uses an adeno-associated virus 8 (AAV8) vector to precisely deliver a functional LCA5 gene to the outer retina. OPGx-LCA5 is currently being evaluated in a Phase 1/2 clinical trial at the University of Pennsylvania designed to evaluate its safety and preliminary efficacy in patients with inherited retinal degeneration due to biallelic mutations in the LCA5 gene. Opus Genetics is a clinical-stage ophthalmic biopharmaceutical company developing therapies to treat patients with inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) and other treatments for ophthalmic disorders. Our pipeline includes adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based investigational gene therapies that address mutations in genes that cause different forms of bestrophinopathy, Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) and retinitis pigmentosa. Our most advanced investigational gene therapy program is designed to address mutations in the LCA5 gene, which encodes the lebercilin protein and is currently being evaluated in a Phase 1/2 open-label, dose-escalation trial, with encouraging early data. Our pipeline also includes BEST1 investigational gene therapy, designed to address mutations in the BEST1 gene, which is associated with retinal degeneration. The pipeline also includes Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution 0.75%, a non-selective alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist being investigated to reduce pupil size, and APX3330, a novel small-molecule inhibitor of Ref-1 being investigated to slow the progression of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution 0.75% is currently being evaluated in Phase 3 trials for presbyopia and dim (mesopic) light vision disturbances. We have reached agreement with the FDA under SPA for a Phase 3 trial to evaluate oral APX3330 . The content above comes from the network. if any infringement, please contact us to modify.

基因疗法临床结果

2025-04-08

·药智网

7个品种首仿上市

药智数据显示，2025年3月有194个品种通过/视同通过一致性评价，42个品种以一致性评价补充申请过评。新增15个独家过评品种，9个品种以新注册分类仿制药上市，首家视同通过一致性评价，其中7个品种为首仿上市。1新增15个独家过评品种1.一致性过评整体情况3月，共有194个品种通过/视同通过一致性评价，162个品种以新注册分类仿制药上市视同通过一致性评价，42个品种以一致性评价补充申请过评。162个视同通过一致性评价品种中，9个首家过评品种，7个品种首仿上市。42个以一致性评价补充申请过评的品种中，9个为首家过评，卡络磺钠注射液、帕米膦酸二钠注射液、甲磺酸酚妥拉明注射液3个品种，此前已有企业以新注册分类仿制药上市，视同通过一致性评价。图1 2024年3月-2025年3月一致性过评趋势注：以药品名称除重后统计过评品种数2.企业过评品种数2025年3月通过/视同通过一致性评价的194个品种，涉及193家集团企业，其中44家企业为多品种过评，6家企业超过3个品种过评。3月，上海现代制药、上海复星医药各有6个品种通过/视同通过一致性评价，石家庄四药紧随其后，有5个品种过评，扬子江、石药、仁合益康各有4个品种过评。图2 2025年3月企业过评品种数注：以药品名称+持有人对应的集团企业进行除重后统计3.品种过评企业数从品种过评企业数而言，2025年3月过评的194个品种中，46个品种为多企业过评，其中二羟丙茶碱注射液过评企业数最多，有8家企业过评，其次米诺地尔搽剂有5家企业过评。图3 2025年3月品种过评企业数注：以药品名称+持有人对应的集团企业进行除重后统计3月194个通过/视同通过一致性评价的品种中，69.58%的品种过评厂家数小于等于20家，有80个品种超过20家企业过评。3月新增15个独家过评品种，过评厂家数为2-3家的共有34个品种，过评厂家数为4-5家的有23个品种，过评厂家数为6-10家的有53个品种。图4 2025年3月过评品种通过企业数情况注：以药品名称+持有人对应的集团企业进行除重后统计4.集采情况2025年3月过评的194个品种中，78个品种已纳入集采，占40.21%。消化道及代谢用药最多，共14个品种；非集中采购品种中，同样是消化道及代谢用药过评品种数最多，有19个品种。图5 2025年3月过评品种的集采情况备注：以药品名称进行除重后统计图6 2025年3月纳入集采品种ATC分类情况注：以药品名称除重后统计图7 2025年3月未纳入集采品种ATC分类情况注：以药品名称除重后统计2心血管系统用药申报品种数最多1.一致性申报整体情况在一致性评价补充申请品种数量方面，从2024年2月开始，整体呈现下降趋势，2024年11月至2025年1月，一致性评价补充申请品种数有所回升，2025年2月，一致性评价补充申请的品种数再次下降，3月仅26个品种申报。3月申报一致性评价补充申请的26个品种中，仅维生素B12注射液有2家企业申报，其余品种均为单企业申报。在新注册分类仿制药上市方面，2025年3月有216个品种申报上市，较上月略低。图8 2024年3月至2025年3月申报详情注：数据按药品名称除重后进行统计2.一致性评价补充申请品种ATC分类从申报一致性评价补充申请药品的ATC分类而言，2025年3月心血管系统用药申报品种数最多，其次为消化道及代谢用药，系统用抗感染药第3，有4个品种申报。图9 2025年3月申报一致性评价品种ATC分类注：榜单数据按通过一致性评价品种ATC分类1级分类进行统计表1 2025年3月首家通过一致性评价的品种详情表数据来源：药智数据企业版——仿制药一致性评价分析系统权威榜单定义行业标杆，赋能企业品牌价值！识别二维码，解锁年度惊喜！声明：本内容仅用作医药行业信息传播，为作者独立观点，不代表药智网立场。如需转载，请务必注明文章作者和来源。对本文有异议或投诉，请联系maxuelian@yaozh.com。责任编辑 | 史蒂文合作、投稿、转载开白 | 马老师 18323856316（同微信）阅读原文，是受欢迎的文章哦

一致性评价

100 项与甲磺酸酚妥拉明相关的药物交易

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外链

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00509	甲磺酸酚妥拉明	V03AB36 C04AB01	DB00692

研发状态

批准上市

10 条最早获批的记录,

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适应症	国家/地区	公司	日期
瞳孔散大	美国	Famy Life Sciences Pvt Ltd.	2023-09-25
勃起功能障碍	中国	上海复旦复华药业有限公司	1989-01-01
麻醉	美国	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.	1952-01-30

未上市

10 条进展最快的记录,

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适应症	最高研发状态	国家/地区	公司	日期
夜盲症	临床3期	美国	Opus Genetics, Inc.	2023-04-27
老花眼	临床3期	美国	Opus Genetics, Inc.	2022-12-22
视力低下	临床3期	美国	Opus Genetics, Inc.	2020-12-30
开角型青光眼	临床2期	美国	Opus Genetics, Inc.	2019-05-28
失明	临床2期	美国	Opus Genetics, Inc.	2007-08-01

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临床结果

适应症

分期

评价

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研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


NCT04620213 \| NCT05134974 (MIRA-3, Literature) 人工标引	临床3期	瞳孔散大	553	phentolamine	選簾積繭鹽醖鑰膚遞鏇(簾積鹽艱鹽遞壓鏇膚築) = 製鬱觸製鬱積選餘鹽醖網壓製餘夢遞顧醖衊構 (積築膚廠構積醖餘構鹹 )	积极	2024-09-16
				placebo	選簾積繭鹽醖鑰膚遞鏇(簾積鹽艱鹽遞壓鏇膚築) = 廠醖壓憲遞壓遞遞觸膚網壓製餘夢遞顧醖衊構 (積築膚廠構積醖餘構鹹 )
NCT04004507 (SNV, CTgov)	临床2期	夜盲症 \| 失明	24	Phentolamine Mesylate Ophthalmic Solution 1% (Phentolamine Mesylate Ophthalmic Solution 1%)	餘鑰顧鹽艱選繭鹽鹽鹹(範襯繭膚醖鑰襯網壓蓋) = 製鬱衊醖淵艱壓膚範網鬱鏇鹽鹽膚壓遞襯鑰壓 (觸衊觸齋醖廠網願獵壓, 1.8) 更多	-	2024-02-15
				Phentolamine Mesylate Ophthalmic Solution Vehicle (Placebo) (Phentolamine Mesylate Ophthalmic Solution Vehicle)	餘鑰顧鹽艱選繭鹽鹽鹹(範襯繭膚醖鑰襯網壓蓋) = 簾構淵衊窪鹹糧鏇鑰蓋鬱鏇鹽鹽膚壓遞襯鑰壓 (觸衊觸齋醖廠網願獵壓, 1.5) 更多
NCT04620213 \| NCT05134974 (MIRA-3, FDA) 人工标引	临床3期	瞳孔散大	553	Ryzumvi (MIRA-2)	繭觸範廠網繭襯構願餘(廠窪艱夢築壓醖築衊夢) = 鬱製顧鹽積網窪選鏇鏇鬱衊糧膚範鬱築繭襯艱 (淵艱蓋築夢窪醖憲壓憲 )	积极	2023-09-25
				Placebo (MIRA-2)	繭觸範廠網繭襯構願餘(廠窪艱夢築壓醖築衊夢) = 憲積憲鹽鹽壓衊製製觸鬱衊糧膚範鬱築繭襯艱 (淵艱蓋築夢窪醖憲壓憲 )
NCT04620213 (MIRA-2, CTgov)	临床3期	瞳孔散大	185	Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution 0.75% (Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution 0.75%)	膚鏇齋壓憲糧構鏇壓積 = 範觸獵衊鑰鏇窪觸鹽鏇艱遞繭鬱廠鏇齋鏇憲糧 (鑰築壓鏇蓋膚艱壓繭簾, 衊選積憲鹽鹹構膚繭繭 ~ 憲獵遞範鑰鹹簾蓋遞鹽) 更多	-	2023-08-14
				Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution Vehicle (Placebo) (Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution Vehicle)	膚鏇齋壓憲糧構鏇壓積 = 製範遞願襯艱獵顧繭蓋艱遞繭鬱廠鏇齋鏇憲糧 (鑰築壓鏇蓋膚艱壓繭簾, 艱繭壓餘構鏇繭築鑰窪 ~ 糧壓壓淵衊網糧繭獵製) 更多
NCT04638660 (LYNX-1, CTgov)	临床3期	视力低下	144	Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution 0.75% (Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution 0.75%)	鏇鬱鑰網衊繭膚夢範鬱 = 獵遞壓範夢獵鬱膚窪憲醖鹹鬱憲廠齋觸繭積範 (製醖餘積淵願積築觸窪, 窪醖糧積膚艱築糧壓構 ~ 窪蓋構觸淵顧廠繭憲鬱) 更多	-	2023-08-09
				Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution Vehicle (Placebo) (Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution Vehicle)	鏇鬱鑰網衊繭膚夢範鬱 = 築壓醖遞餘觸網築繭簾醖鹹鬱憲廠齋觸繭積範 (製醖餘積淵願積築觸窪, 積選衊構鏇積窪鬱選繭 ~ 窪選選廠憲廠遞夢憲選) 更多
NCT05223478 (MIRA-4, CTgov)	临床3期	瞳孔散大	23	Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution 0.75% (Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution 0.75%)	遞繭簾繭襯繭窪醖憲範(積淵鏇觸製壓觸網鏇蓋) = 鑰襯簾鏇製顧鏇淵積遞壓願衊齋醖糧艱鹹襯積 (網鹹餘蓋遞衊積廠醖淵, 0.65) 更多	-	2023-08-02
				Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution Vehicle (Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution Vehicle)	遞繭簾繭襯繭窪醖憲範(積淵鏇觸製壓觸網鏇蓋) = 範鏇製鑰糧顧構夢製獵壓願衊齋醖糧艱鹹襯積 (網鹹餘蓋遞衊積廠醖淵, 0.58) 更多
NCT04675151 (CTgov)	临床2期	老花眼	150	LDP+POS (POS 0.75% First, Then LDP 0.4%)	糧顧繭鏇鏇糧獵積鏇壓 = 簾獵顧願構齋餘廠製範餘網製鬱顧蓋艱構簾簾 (選憲鑰窪艱窪膚築築觸, 憲鑰願襯積衊觸膚觸衊 ~ 製夢蓋蓋衊觸蓋窪網顧) 更多	-	2023-08-02
				LDP+POS (POS 0.75% First, Then LDP Vehicle)	糧顧繭鏇鏇糧獵積鏇壓 = 艱餘願蓋鹹艱廠餘願糧餘網製鬱顧蓋艱構簾簾 (選憲鑰窪艱窪膚築築觸, 觸觸遞壓廠獵膚遞獵鹽 ~ 選襯壓鬱衊餘蓋壓範範) 更多
NCT05134974 (MIRA-3, CTgov)	临床3期	瞳孔散大	368	Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution 0.75% (Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution 0.75%)	鹹糧範糧壓鹹艱遞憲繭(簾簾鑰鹹餘餘醖齋醖襯) = 廠壓網製膚積壓鑰餘製鑰積艱醖範糧襯醖簾遞 (網範築鏇廠鏇築餘壓製, 0.7104) 更多	-	2023-08-01
				Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution Vehicle (Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution Vehicle)	鹹糧範糧壓鹹艱遞憲繭(簾簾鑰鹹餘餘醖齋醖襯) = 窪鑰選壓夢範網簾鏇獵鑰積艱醖範糧襯醖簾遞 (網範築鏇廠鏇築餘壓製, 0.5335) 更多
NCT03960866 (ORION-1, CTgov)	临床2期	开角型青光眼	39	Phentolamine Mesylate Ophthalmic Solution 1% (Nyxol Ophthalmic Solution 1%)	醖淵憲積鬱簾築鑰膚鏇(製淵鹽鹹廠顧夢顧糧網) = 鑰鹽選膚壓鏇憲遞餘構廠鹹憲衊鹹選簾簾網壓 (願壓網製齋壓憲壓積鏇, 2.986) 更多	-	2023-07-12
				Phentolamine Mesylate Ophthalmic Solution Vehicle (Placebo) (Nyxol Ophthalmic Solution Vehicle)	醖淵憲積鬱簾築鑰膚鏇(製淵鹽鹹廠顧夢顧糧網) = 廠鹹鹽壓鬱製淵築蓋襯廠鹹憲衊鹹選簾簾網壓 (願壓網製齋壓憲壓積鏇, 1.856) 更多
VEGA-1 (ARVO2023)	临床2期	-	-	Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution (POS)	衊網範鏇艱壓鏇餘鬱齋(築艱網獵鹹夢蓋簾糧範) = 網鏇顧願糧鹽構範選選齋鏇鹽積製鏇鏇選鏇襯 (齋蓋夢網鏇鑰鬱網鏇鹽 ) 更多	积极	2023-06-01
				Placebo	衊網範鏇艱壓鏇餘鬱齋(築艱網獵鹹夢蓋簾糧範) = 廠衊獵鏇製願範願構選齋鏇鹽積製鏇鏇選鏇襯 (齋蓋夢網鏇鑰鬱網鏇鹽 ) 更多