Pilocarpine Hydrochloride

Lotus seed juice has significant potential in the plant-based beverage market owing to its distinctive flavor. However, its sensory quality is significantly influenced by processing and storage conditions. This study examined the effects and underlying mechanisms of fresh squeezing, sterilization, and refrigeration at 4 °C (for 1-6 months) on the aroma profile of lotus seed juice using an electronic nose, gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), and non-targeted metabolomics. Sterilization processes resulted in vanilla, mint, and ammonia-like flavors due to the accumulation of hexanal, pentanal, and pyrrolidine. One month of refrigeration enhanced fruity and minty flavors, attributed to increased acetone and 6-ethyl acetate-D from fatty acid oxidation and esterification, respectively. However, prolonged refrigeration (six months) introduced undesirable alcoholic and pungent off-flavors caused by slow oxidative degradation (such as 2-propanol and 1-hydroxy-2-propanone). These findings provide valuable insights for improving the preservation methods and quality control strategies for plant-based beverages.

Human activities have introduced significant amounts of anthropogenic chemicals into marine ecosystems, posing threats to aquatic biodiversity and human health. Although, traditional marine monitoring focus primarily on legacy pollutants, the presence and potential risks associated with complex emerging chemical mixtures should not be neglected. In the context of the present study organized via OSPAR Commission and supported by NORMAN network, 52 marine samples were gathered from North-East Atlantic Ocean. State-of-the-art HRMS-based analytical workflows were employed to identify their chemical fingerprint. 132 organic pollutants were identified through wide-scope target screening of more than 2,400 environmentally relevant organic pollutants. The HRMS data were digitally stored in NORMAN DSFP and 134 additional chemicals were tentatively identified through suspect screening of more than 65,000 chemicals. The list included legacy pollutants, along with emerging pollutants, their metabolites and transformation products. A simplified environmental risk assessment was conducted, aiming to prioritize substances based on their potential risks to the marine ecosystem. This study provides a valuable snapshot of the marine pollution, offering insights into chemical occurrence and risks. The findings can support marine scientists, environmental managers and policymakers in identifying pollutant sources, understanding their impacts, and informing regulatory measures to mitigate threats to marine ecosystems.