BACKGROUND:Nivolumab (Opdivo®) is the first anti-PD-1 antibody approved in the world. LY01015 is a potential biosimilar of nivolumab.
OBJECTIVES:This phase I study aimed to establish the pharmacokinetic equivalence between LY01015 and the original investigational nivolumab (Opdivo®) in healthy Chinese male subjects. Additionally, safety and immunogenicity were assessed.
PATIENTS AND METHODS:A randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled, phase I trial was conducted with 176 healthy male adults receiving a single intravenous infusion of LY01015 or nivolumab at 0.3 mg/kg. Pharmacokinetics, safety, and immunogenicity were evaluated over a 99-day period. The primary pharmacokinetics endpoint was AUC0-∞, and the secondary pharmacokinetic endpoints included AUC0-t and Cmax. Pharmacokinetic bioequivalence was confirmed using standard equivalence margins of 80.00-125.00%.
RESULTS:This study is the first to report on the pharmacokinetics, safety, and immunogenicity of Opdivo® in healthy individuals. The pharmacokinetics profiles of LY01015 and Opdivo® were found to be comparable. The geometric mean ratios (90% confidence intervals) for the AUC0-∞, AUC0-t, and Cmax of LY01015 to Opdivo® were 94.49% (90.29-98.88%), 94.92% (88.73-101.54%), and 96.55% (93.32-99.90%), respectively, falling within the conventional bioequivalence criteria of 80.00-125.00%. The safety and immunogenicity were also comparable between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS:LY01015 demonstrated highly similar pharmacokinetics to nivolumab in healthy Chinese male subjects. Both drugs exhibited comparable safety and immunogenicity profiles.
TRIAL REGISTRATION:This trial is registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry website ( https://www.chictr.org.cn/ #ChiCTR2200064771).