Liver cirrhosis is associated with high morbidity, mortality, and medical costs worldwide. Although transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) has been shown to improve the survival of patients with cirrhosis, systemic inflammation is critical in the initiation and progression of decompensated cirrhosis.Our previous study showed that celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (COX-2-I) with anti-inflammatory efficacy, effectively ameliorated liver fibrosis.However, few studies have clin. explored the treatment of liver cirrhosis with COX-2-I.The enrolled patients were divided into two groups: TIPS and TIPS + COX-2-I based on the long-term administration of any one of celecoxib, imrecoxib, and etoricoxib for RA/OA as comorbidity.Patients in the TIPS group were matched to those in the TIPS + COX-2-I group at a ratio of 2:1 using propensity score matching (PSM) based on age, sex, and the Child-Pugh score.COX-2-I, as an independent protective factor, significantly reduced the occurrence of decompensated events in post-TIPS patients and improved liver function with good safety.Patients with cirrhosis graded as mALBI 2b were the major beneficiaries of this effect.This translational medicine study shed a novel light in cirrhosis treatment.