Fentanyl Hydrochloride

Fentanyl, a widely abused potent synthetic opioid, poses a challenge due to its narrow therapeutic window, increasing the risk of overdose and death. Fast, easy, and cost-effective screening for fentanyl in biological samples is crucial for forensic and public safety purposes. We hereby present a label-free fluorescence sensor for the precise and sensitive identification of fentanyl, utilizing carbon dots (CDs) in conjunction with aptamers. By synthesizing green-emitting CDs in a single step using an environmentally friendly method with o-phenylenediamine (OPD) and thiourea in acetone, the CDs displayed excellent optical properties and biocompatibility. Due to the positive charge of CDs, their fluorescence quenching is caused by electrostatic interactions with negatively charged aptamers. When fentanyl is introduced, the specific binding between fentanyl and the fentanyl aptamer is strengthened, resulting in fluorescence recovery. Under optimal experimental conditions, there was a linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and fentanyl concentration in the 5-1000 nM with a limit of determination of 1.90 nM. The robust quantification of fentanyl in complex human saliva matrices achieved by this aptamer-based biosensing platform validates its clinical reliability, particularly for non-invasive point-of-care monitoring and harm-reduction interventions in opioid crisis management.

To investigate the effects of combined acupuncture anesthesia and ropivacaine on postoperative analgesia and neuro-related factors in patients undergoing chest surgery.

The analgesic drug dosage, postoperative PCIA pressing times, VAS scores at rest and during activity at 6 h (T1), 12 h (T2), 18 h (T3), and 24 h (T4) postoperatively.

The analgesic drug dosage and postoperative PCIA pressing times were lower in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The VAS scores at T1-T4 postoperatively were lower in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The SAS scores at T1-T4 postoperatively were lower in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The levels of IL-6 and IL-10 on postoperative day 1 were higher than those on preoperative day 1 in both groups, with a smaller change in the observation group (p < 0.05). The levels of S100β protein on postoperative day 1 were higher than those on preoperative day 1 in both groups, while the BDNF levels were lower, with a smaller change in the observation group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the control group (11.36%) and the observation group (15.56%) (p > 0.05).

Combined acupuncture anesthesia and ropivacaine can effectively improve postoperative analgesia and agitation in patients undergoing chest surgery, reduce the dosage of analgesic drugs, regulate the levels of inflammatory factors and neurotrophic factors in patients, and do not increase the risk of adverse reactions related to patients.