点击蓝字
关注我们
编者按
胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)是一种以高度纤维化的基质和免疫抑制性微环境为特征的恶性肿瘤。靶向肿瘤基质、重塑免疫微环境是提升疗效的关键新策略。CLDN18.2已成为PDAC重要的治疗靶点,其双特异性抗体在临床研究中显示出治疗潜力,然而仍需进一步提升其疗效。在2026年美国临床肿瘤学会胃肠道肿瘤研讨会(ASCO GI)会议上,天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院牵头的两项Ⅱ期研究公布初步结果。第一项研究探索了β2-肾上腺素受体激动剂维兰特罗联合CLDN18.2双抗的疗效;第二项研究则评估了STING激动剂ADU-S100联合CLDN18.2双抗的疗效。这两项研究从不同机制出发,共同验证了通过调控肿瘤免疫微环境来增强CLDN18.2靶向治疗效果的可行性。《肿瘤瞭望消化时讯》将对这两项研究的创新机制、关键数据和临床意义进行深入解读,旨在为临床实践提供参考。
《肿瘤瞭望消化时讯》在2026 ASCO GI现场报道
研究一
中文标题:维兰特罗联合Claudin18.2双特异性抗体治疗晚期Claudin18.2阳性PDAC的Ⅱ期研究英文标题:A phase 2 study of vilanterol in combination with a CLDN18.2 bispecific antibody in patients with advanced CLDN18.2-positive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)
摘要号:748
研究背景
由癌症相关成纤维细胞驱动的PDAC致密促纤维增生基质,是制约其有效治疗的关键障碍。临床前研究显示,采用β2-肾上腺素受体激动剂维兰特罗靶向CD64+的癌症相关成纤维细胞能够减轻纤维增生,并通过抑制基质免疫抑制作用增强靶向CLDN18.2双特异性抗体的疗效。本项Ⅱ期研究旨在评估该联合治疗方案在晚期PDAC患者中的安全性及初步疗效。
研究方法
本研究入组了既往接受过治疗但出现疾病进展的晚期CLDN18.2阳性PDAC患者。治疗方案为隔日吸入维兰特罗联合每3周静脉输注CLDN18.2双特异性抗体。主要研究终点设定为客观缓解率(ORR)。次要研究终点包括疾病控制率(DCR)、无进展生存期(PFS)、治疗相关不良事件(TRAEs)以及肿瘤组织中α-SMA+基质密度与CD8+ T细胞浸润水平的病理学评估。
研究结果
截至数据截止日期,共14名患者入组。96%的患者发生TRAEs,其中≥3级占30%。最常见的治疗期间不良事件包括白细胞计数减少(43.2%,其中≥3级占12.4%)、贫血(42.5%,其中≥3级占16.4%)、中性粒细胞计数减少(38.4%,其中≥3级占18.4%)、食欲下降(32.5%,其中≥3级占2.6%)、恶心(25.3%,其中≥3级占1.7%)、低蛋白血症(22.4%,均为1~2级)以及血小板计数减少(24.5%,其中≥3级占5.8%)。3名患者(21.4%)因疾病进展终止治疗。在12名可评估疗效的患者中,6名达到部分缓解,3名疾病稳定,3名疾病进展。确认的ORR为50%, DCR为75.0%。PFS数据尚未成熟。
匹配的治疗前后活检结果显示,治疗后α-SMA+基质密度显著降低(从均值42.5%±8.3%降至23.7%±6.5%;P<0.01),CD8+ T细胞浸润显著增加(从均值105.4±35.2 cells/mm²增至258.6±42.7 cells/mm²;P<0.001)。多重免疫组化进一步显示,与无应答者相比,应答者表现出显著更低的治疗后α-SMA+基质密度(20.4%±5.1% vs. 38.6%±7.2%;P<0.01)和更高的CD8+ T细胞浸润(291.5±38.4 cells/mm² vs. 132.7±28.6 cells/mm²;P<0.001)。
研究结论
本研究结果表明,维兰特罗联合CLDN18.2双特异性抗体在经多线治疗的CLDN18.2阳性PDAC患者中表现出可控的安全性特征及良好的抗肿瘤活性。该结果支持通过调节肿瘤基质微环境作为增强T细胞衔接疗法临床疗效的有效策略[1]。
研究二
中文标题:STING激动剂ADU-S100联合CLDN18.2双特异性抗体治疗晚期胰腺癌的Ⅱ期研究英文标题:A phase 2 study of STING agonist ADU-S100 combined with a CLDN18.2 bispecific antibody in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer
摘要号:749
研究背景
STING激动剂能够通过激活先天免疫应答并扩增具有干细胞特性的CD8+ T细胞群,从而重塑肿瘤免疫微环境,这为与T细胞衔接疗法发挥协同作用提供了理论基础。在PDAC临床前模型中观察到,STING激动剂可特异性富集干细胞样TCF-1+CD8+ T细胞,并增强CLDN18.2靶向双特异性抗体的抗肿瘤疗效。
研究方法
本项Ⅱ期试验入组了晚期CLDN18.2阳性PDAC患者。治疗方案为每周进行一次STING激动剂ADU-S100瘤内注射,同时每3周静脉输注一次CLDN18.2双特异性抗体。研究主要终点为ORR。次要终点包括DCR、PFS、TRAEs,以及肿瘤组织和外周血中CD8+ T细胞亚群的动态变化。
研究结果
截至数据截止日期,共15名患者入组。93%的患者发生TRAEs,其中≥3级占27%。最常见的TRAEs包括白细胞计数减少(40.1%,其中≥3级占10.5%)、贫血(38.7%,其中≥3级占14.9%)、中性粒细胞计数减少(35.2%,其中≥3级占16.8%)、食欲下降(30.3%,其中≥3级占2.2%)、恶心(23.6%,其中≥3级占1.5%)、低蛋白血症(20.8%,均为1~2级)以及血小板计数减少(22.9%,其中≥3级占5.1%)。3名患者(21.4%)因疾病进展终止治疗。在14名可评估疗效的患者中,7名达到部分缓解,3名疾病稳定,4名疾病进展,确认的ORR为50%,DCR为71.4%。PFS数据尚未成熟。
生物标志物分析显示,治疗后免疫系统显著激活。在肿瘤组织中,总CD8+ T细胞密度从平均98.6±30.4 cells/mm²增加至220.3±45.1 cells/mm²(P<0.01),PD-1+CD8+ T细胞从15.2±6.8增加至48.5±12.3 cells/mm²(P<0.01),干细胞样TCF-1+CD8+亚群从5.1±2.5增加至18.7±7.2 cells/mm²(P<0.01)。在外周血中,总CD8+ T细胞频率从25.4%±8.2%升高至38.9%±9.7%(P<0.05),PD-1+CD8+ T细胞从5.3%±2.1%升高至12.6%±4.3%(P<0.01),TCF-1+CD8+ T细胞从2.1%±1.0%升高至6.8%±2.5%(P<0.01)。与无应答者相比,应答者在治疗后肿瘤组织和外周血中所有CD8+ T细胞亚群水平均显著更高(所有比较均P<0.05)。
研究结论
STING激动剂ADU-S100联合CLDN18.2双特异性抗体治疗方案具有良好的可行性,其安全性特征可预测。该方案在晚期PDAC患者中显示出具有前景的临床活性,并能够诱导肿瘤微环境向免疫激活方向发生显著改变,为进一步推进该联合策略的临床开发提供了重要依据[2]。
参考文献:[1] Tianxing Zhou, et al. 2026 ASCO GI. Abstract 748.[2] Tianxing Zhou, et al. 2026 ASCO GI. Abstract 749.
Abstract 748摘要原文:
上下滑动可查看
A phase 2 study of vilanterol in combination with a CLDN18.2 bispecific antibody in patients with advanced CLDN18.2-positive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)
BACKGROUND:
The dense desmoplastic stroma of PDAC, driven by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), is a major barrier to effective therapy. Preclinical data (Zhou et al., Gut) demonstrated that targeting CD64? CAFs with vilanterol, a β2-adrenergic receptor agonist, reduces desmoplasia and augments the efficacy of CLDN18.2-targeting bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) by inhibiting stromal immunosuppression. This phase 2 study evaluates the safety and preliminary efficacy of this novel combination in advanced PDAC.
METHODS:
Eligible patients (pts) with advanced CLDN18.2-positive PDAC who failed prior therapies were enrolled. Vilanterol (25 mcg/umeclidinium 62.5 mcg) was administered via inhalation QOD. A CLDN18.2 BsAb was given intravenously at a dose of 6 mg/kg Q3W. The primary objective was ORR. Secondary objectives included DCR, PFS, TRAEs, the α-SMA? stromal density and CD8? T-cell infiltration level.
RESULTS:
As of the data cutoff, 14 pts were enrolled. TRAEs occurred in 96% of pts, with 30% experiencing grade ≥3 TRAEs. The most common TEAEs were a decrease in white blood cell count (43.2%, including 12.4% with grade 3 and higher TEAEs), anemia (42.5%, including 16.4% with grade 3 and higher TEAEs), a decrease in neutrophil count (38.4%, including 18.4% with grade 3 and higher TEAEs), decreased appetite (32.5%, including 2.6% with grade 3 and higher TEAEs), nausea (25.3%, including 1.7% with grade 3 and higher TEAEs), hypoalbuminemia (22.4%, all grade 1-2) and a decrease in platelet count (24.5%, including 5.8% with grade 3 and higher TEAEs). Treatment was discontinued in 3 pts (21.4%) due to disease progression. Among 12 response-evaluable pts, 6 had partial responses (PRs), 3 had stable disease (SD) and 3 had progressed disease (PD). The confirmed ORRs were 50% and the DCR was 75.0%. PFS data were not mature. Matched pre- and post-treatment biopsies showed a significant reduction in α-SMA+ stromal density (from mean 42.5% ± 8.3% to 23.7% ± 6.5%; p < 0.01) and a marked increase in CD8+ T-cell infiltration (from mean 105.4 ± 35.2 cells/mm2 to 258.6 ± 42.7 cells/mm2; p < 0.001) following treatment. Multiplexed IHC further revealed that responders (PR+SD) exhibited significantly lower post-treatment α-SMA+ stromal density (20.4% ± 5.1% vs. 38.6% ± 7.2%; p < 0.01) and higher CD8+ T-cell infiltration (291.5 ± 38.4 cells/mm2 vs. 132.7 ± 28.6 cells/mm2; p < 0.001) compared to non-responders (PD).
CONCLUSIONS:
The combination of vilanterol and a CLDN18.2 BsAb demonstrates a manageable safety profile and encouraging antitumor activity in heavily pre-treated pts with CLDN18.2-positive PDAC. Stromal modulation represents a viable strategy to enhance the efficacy of T-cell-engaging therapies.
Abstract 749摘要原文:
上下滑动可查看
A phase 2 study of STING agonist ADU-S100 combined with a CLDN18.2 bispecific antibody in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer
BACKGROUND:
STING agonists can remodel the tumor immune microenvironment by inducing innate immunity and promoting stem-like CD8+ T-cell populations, which may synergize with T-cell-engaging therapies. Preclinical models of PDAC showed that a STING agonist enriched for stem-like TCF-1+CD8+ T cells and significantly enhanced the efficacy of CLDN18.2 bispecific antibodies.
METHODS:
This phase 2 trial enrolled patients with advanced CLDN18.2-positive PDAC. Patients received the STING agonist ADU-S100 via intratumoral injections (50 μg-100 μg, either weekly) in combination with CLDN18.2 BsAb (intravenous injections at 6 mg/kg once every 3 weeks). The primary objective was ORR. Secondary objectives included DCR, PFS, TRAEs, and changes in tumor and peripheral CD8+ T-cell subsets (total CD8+, PD-1+CD8+, and TCF-1+CD8+ T cells).
RESULTS:
As of the data cutoff, 15 patients were enrolled. TRAEs occurred in 93% of patients, with 27% experiencing grade ≥3 TRAEs. The most common TRAEs were decreased white blood cell count (40.1%, including 10.5% grade ≥3), anemia (38.7%, including 14.9% grade ≥3), decreased neutrophil count (35.2%, including 16.8% grade ≥3), decreased appetite (30.3%, including 2.2% grade ≥3), nausea (23.6%, including 1.5% grade ≥3), hypoalbuminemia (20.8%, all grade 1-2), and decreased platelet count (22.9%, including 5.1% grade ≥3). Treatment was discontinued in 3 patients (21.4%) due to disease progression. Among 14 response-evaluable patients, 7 achieved partial response (PR), 3 had stable disease (SD), and 4 had progressive disease (PD), yielding a confirmed ORR of 50% and a DCR of 71.4%. PFS data were not mature. Biomarker analyses revealed significant immune activation post-treatment. In tumor tissue, the density of total CD8+ T cells increased from a mean of 98.6 ± 30.4 to 220.3 ± 45.1 cells/mm2 (p < 0.01), PD-1+CD8+ T cells increased from 15.2 ± 6.8 to 48.5 ± 12.3 cells/mm2 (p < 0.01), and the stem-like TCF-1+CD8+ subset increased from 5.1 ± 2.5 to 18.7 ± 7.2 cells/mm2 (p < 0.01). In peripheral blood, the frequency of total CD8+ T cells increased from 25.4% ± 8.2% to 38.9% ± 9.7% (p < 0.05), PD-1+CD8+ T cells from 5.3% ± 2.1% to 12.6% ± 4.3% (p < 0.01), and TCF-1+CD8+ T cells from 2.1% ± 1.0% to 6.8% ± 2.5% (p < 0.01). Responders (PR+SD) exhibited significantly higher post-treatment levels of all CD8+ T-cell subsets in both tumor and blood compared to non-responders (PD) (p < 0.05 for all comparisons).
CONCLUSIONS:
Combining the STING agonist ADU-S100 with a CLDN18.2 BsAb is feasible with a predictable safety profile. The regimen shows promising clinical activity and induces favorable immune changes in the tumor microenvironment of PDAC patients, supporting further development of this combination strategy.
(来源:肿瘤瞭望消化时讯)
声 明
凡署名原创的文章版权属《肿瘤瞭望》所有,欢迎分享、转载。本文仅供医疗卫生专业人士了解最新医药资讯参考使用,不代表本平台观点。该等信息不能以任何方式取代专业的医疗指导,也不应被视为诊疗建议,如果该信息被用于资讯以外的目的,本站及作者不承担相关责任。