1区 · 医学
Article
作者: Sullivan, Brian M ; Taylor, Wendy ; Bhaskaran, Hari ; Leong, Yan Shan ; de Alwis, Ruklanthi ; Zhang, Summer L ; Davis, Jared ; Kalimuddin, Shirin ; Karmali, Priya ; Gan, Esther S ; Parker, Suezanne ; Chivukula, Pad ; Gonzalez, Jose A ; Hartman, Paula ; Park, Kyoung-Joo Jenny ; Clemente, Brenda ; Dukanovic, Adrian ; Sullivan, Sean M ; Hughes, Steve G ; Tan, Hwee Cheng ; Allen, Elizabeth C ; Bao, Yanjie ; Roberts, Scott ; Yelin, Rodrigo ; Alayyoubi, Maher ; Chen, Shiwei ; Low, Jenny G H ; Yau, Clement ; Ooi, Eng Eong ; Matsuda, Daiki ; Vega, Jerel ; Tachikawa, Kiyoshi ; Sablad, Marciano
A self-transcribing and replicating RNA (STARR)-based vaccine (LUNAR-COV19) has been developed to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection. The vaccine encodes an alphavirus-based replicon and the SARS-CoV-2 full-length spike glycoprotein. Translation of the replicon produces a replicase complex that amplifies and prolongs SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein expression. A single prime vaccination in mice led to robust antibody responses, with neutralizing antibody titers increasing up to day 60. Activation of cell-mediated immunity produced a strong viral antigen-specific CD8+ T lymphocyte response. Assaying for intracellular cytokine staining for interferon (IFN)γ and interleukin-4 (IL-4)-positive CD4+ T helper (Th) lymphocytes as well as anti-spike glycoprotein immunoglobulin G (IgG)2a/IgG1 ratios supported a strong Th1-dominant immune response. Finally, single LUNAR-COV19 vaccination at both 2 μg and 10 μg doses completely protected human ACE2 transgenic mice from both mortality and even measurable infection following wild-type SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Our findings collectively suggest the potential of LUNAR-COV19 as a single-dose vaccine.