Zoster vaccine live(Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.)

The shingles vaccine in use today has been linked to a reduced risk of heart disease and heart failure, according to a study of more than 70,000 people who received either the current vaccine or an older formulation1. The results were published on 26 August in Nature Medicine. The findings are “particularly exciting” because they are more robust than those from previous work2 on the heart-protective effects of shingles vaccination, says Emily Rayens, an epidemiologist who specializes in vaccine development at the health-care provider Kaiser Permanente in Pasadena, California. Still, more work is needed to confirm whether the jab truly lowers the risk of cardiovascular events. “We cannot definitively conclude that there is a causal link,” adds Rayens, who was not involved in the study. 根据一项针对超过7万名接种现有疫苗或旧疫苗剂型患者的研究，目前使用的带状疱疹疫苗与降低心脏病和心力衰竭的风险有关1.结果于8月26日发表在《自然医学》杂志上。 这些发现“特别令人兴奋”，因为它们比以往研究更为稳健2加利福尼亚帕萨迪纳凯撒医疗机构凯撒医疗集团的流行病学家、专门负责疫苗开发的流行病学家艾米丽·雷恩斯表示，带状疱疹疫苗的心脏保护作用。不过，仍需更多工作来确认该疫苗是否真的能降低心血管事件的风险。“我们无法确定存在因果关系，”未参与该研究的雷恩斯补充道。Chickenpox’s second act Shingles is a painful rash condition that is caused by varicella zoster, the same virus that causes chickenpox. It occurs when the virus reactivates in the body later in life, most often in people over the age of 50. Previous observational studies suggested that the Shingrix ‘recombinant’ vaccine — which is a mixture of a surface protein from the varicella zoster virus and an immune-boosting compound — might provide extra perks by reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and even dementia3. But most of these studies compared vaccinated people with unvaccinated individuals, which can make any benefit seem larger than it is, says study co-author Maxime Taquet, a psychiatrist at the University of Oxford, UK, who has investigated the effect of the shingles vaccine on dementia risk3. That’s because those who opt to get the jab tend to be healthier than people who don’t. “We know that this is a very biased way of answering the question,” says Taquet.水痘的第二幕 带状疱疹是一种由水痘带状疱疹引起的疼痛皮疹，这种病毒也是引起水痘的病毒。当病毒在生命后期重新激活时，最常见于50岁以上的人群。先前的观察性研究表明，Shingrix“重组”疫苗——由水痘带状疱疹病毒的表面蛋白与免疫增强化合物混合而成——可能通过降低心血管疾病甚至痴呆的风险提供额外益处3. 但大多数这些研究是比较接种者与未接种者，这使得任何益处看起来都比实际更重要，研究合著者、英国牛津大学精神科医生马克西姆·塔凯特说，他曾研究带状疱疹疫苗对痴呆风险的影响3.这是因为选择接种的人通常比不接种的人更健康。“我们知道这是一种非常偏颇的回答方式，”塔凯说。 To address this issue, Taquet and his colleagues turned to TriNetX, a database that includes the electronic health records of people from across the United States. They compared the heart health of two groups of more than 36,000 people aged 60 and over. One group got the Shingrix recombinant vaccine and the other had received Zostavax, a now-discontinued vaccine that contains a deactivated version of the virus. Shingrix replaced Zostavax in the United States after October 2017, allowing the team to conduct a natural experiment. The researchers tracked the participants’ incidence of heart disease, heart failure and stroke for seven years after their immunizations, looking specifically at ‘disease burden’ — the time span spent living with a diagnosed cardiovascular condition. They found that people who received Shingrix spent, on average, 9% more time free of cardiovascular disease over the seven-year period than did those who received Zostavax, suggesting that the recombinant vaccine could prevent or at least delay the onset of heart conditions. People who received the recombinant jab were also 10% and 12% less likely to be diagnosed with heart disease and heart failure, respectively. The recombinant vaccine was also associated with a 12% lower risk of stroke in men. 为了解决这一问题，Taquet和同事们转向TriNetX，这是一个包含美国各地电子健康记录的数据库。他们比较了两组超过36,000人的心脏健康状况。一组接种了Shingrix重组疫苗，另一组接种了Zostavax疫苗，这是一种现已停产的疫苗，含有已灭活的病毒版本。2017年10月后，辛格里克斯接替佐斯塔瓦克斯在美国，使团队能够进行自然实验。 研究人员追踪了参与者在接种疫苗后七年内心脏病、心力衰竭和中风的发病率，特别关注“疾病负担”——即与确诊心血管疾病共度的时间跨度。 他们发现，接受Shingrix的人在七年期间平均无心血管疾病的时间比接种Zostavax者多9%，表明重组疫苗可以预防或至少延缓心脏疾病的发生。接种重组疫苗的人心脏病和心力衰竭的诊断概率分别降低了10%和12%。重组疫苗还与男性中风风险降低12%相关。 注：以上内容均来源于网络，如有侵权，私信联系删除，谢谢。 Researchers unveil sustainable spirulina solution to vitamin B12 deficiency 可持续的螺旋藻解决方案来解决维生素B12缺乏问题 NZTURE ~ Why are El Niños getting stronger?  为什么厄尔尼诺现象变得更强？1,000-year-coral record points to climate change Keto diet cut liver fat by 67% in a clinical trial 生酮饮食在临床试验中将肝脏脂肪减少了67% NATURE~ Glacier collapse caused Nepal’s deadly flash flood — a sign of things to come?冰川崩塌引发了尼泊尔致命的山洪暴发吗？ 遗传学 ~ 生物信息 的 研究 DNA 基因 ~ 生命的秘密 Secret of Life 基因 de 奥秘～ 从DNA 到 生命的多样性 NATURE ~ Why we must stop talking about artificial general intelligence — and instead build ‘pro-worker’ AI SCIENCE ~ Exercise may work better for keeping weight off than losing it 锻炼可能比减重更有效保持体重 NATURE ~Moderna cancer vaccine stops melanoma returning 莫德纳癌症疫苗阻止黑色素瘤复发 SCIENCE~Quitting alcohol may prime the brain for relapse 戒酒可能会让大脑为复发做准备 NATURE ~How do people live beyond 110? 人们如何能活到110岁以后？ 人类胚胎如何从无到有~干细胞模型揭秘生命的命运抉择 AI如何颠覆生物医药与蛋白质建模？ NATURE~Screening babies’ genomes could save lives. Here’s how it would work 筛查婴儿基因组可能挽救生命 SCIENCE ~ Low-fat vegan diet helps people lose weight without eating less 低脂纯素饮食帮助人们减肥而不减少饮食 NATURE~Trump 要求拆分MMR疫苗：为什么这是个坏主意背后的科学 SCIENCE ~ 一种鲜为人知的蛋白质可能是阿尔茨海默病的助长者 NATURE ~ MRNA流感疫苗会比普通季节性疫苗更有效吗？ BBC~ the cell  细胞 中国科学院 公开课 ~ 编 辑 生 命 之 书 精 子 の 生 命 大 赛 跑 破解基因里的长寿密码~人体为何会衰老? NATURE~热浪已经夺走了数百万人的生命,科学家们如何统计失去的生命 Science  ~ 15000年以来，人类和狗一直在相互改变 NATURE ~ 新冠可能会唤醒你体内沉睡的病毒军队 基 因 编 辑 革 命 NATURE ~ More muscle, less belly fat: mutations to a gene are linked to wide-ranging benefits Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology~中国癌症负担与防控：现状、趋势与挑战 NATURE~生育诊所正在提供有争议的年轻线粒体治疗技术 Nature ~ 大脑中的“计时器”追踪睡眠和预测醒来