Background:Wenjing Huoxue Decoction (WJHXD) is a traditional treatment for primary dysmenorrhea
(PD) that can quickly relieve various symptoms caused by PD. Previous clinical studies have shown
that WJHXD has better long-term efficacy than ibuprofen in the treatment of PD and can reverse the disorder
of T cell subsets.Objective:To investigate the effect of WJHXD on serum-related factors in the treatment of PD, including the
identification of key targets, pathways, and active ingredients.Methods:In order to study the effects of the WJHXD intervention in Parkinson's Disease (PD) rats, we used
transcriptomics and metabolomics methods to examine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially
expressed metabolites (DEMs). We also utilized network pharmacology to predict the target and effective
route of WJHXD in treating PD. Finally, we employed molecular docking (MD) technology to confirm
the placement of important targets and metabolites.Results:WJHXD has been found to be effective in prolonging the onset time and decreasing the number of
writhing episodes in PD rats after oxytocin injection. It has also been observed to reduce the levels of PGF2,
COX-2, AVP, and PGE2 in the serum of PD rats to different degrees. Transcriptomics analysis has revealed
that the core targets of WJHXD include KRT1, KRT16, CCL5, F2, NOS2, RAC2, and others, while the core
pathways are Calcium signaling and cAMP signaling. The Estrogen signaling pathway was found to be downregulated
in PD rats compared to normal uterine tissue, but WJHXD was able to up-regulate the pathway. A
combined transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis suggested that WJHXD may be involved in eight
metabolism-related pathways, with the most reliable ones being mucin-type O-glycan biosynthesis and glycolysis
or gluconeogenesis. MD has shown that Hydroxyisocaproic acid may bind to important targets such as SLC6A4,
PTGER3, IGFBP3, and IGF2.Conclusion:In WJHXD, the most targeted herbs were Corydalis rhizoma, licorice, and Myrrha. The most targeted
active ingredients include quercetin, 3'-Hydroxy-4'-O-methylglabridin, shinpterocarpin, and isorhamnetin.
Potential targets include PTGS2, NOS2, AR, SCN5A, and GAS6. Analysis revealed 72 highly reliable
relationships between group A and B DEGs and DEMs, with 23 positive correlations and 49 negative correlations
among them. A combined analysis of transcriptomics, metabolomics, and network pharmacology was
used to identify possible targets, pathways, and active ingredients of WJHXD in PD treatment, and the correlation
between DEGs and DEMs was investigated. However, further research is required to confirm the relationship
between active ingredients, targets, and metabolites.