Background:The HSP90 marker is believed to play a constructive role in facilitating
neoplastic transformation mainly via interaction with multiple pro-survival proteins. Welldesigned
studies are needed to elucidate the role of HSP90 as a diagnostic marker and
therapeutic target in testicular tumors.Objective:The current study aimed to investigate the expression of HSP90 in various types of
testicular cancer and highlight its expression in embryonal testicular cancer.objective:The current study aims to investigate the expression of HSP90 in various types of testicular cancer and to highlight its expression in embryonal testicular cancer.Material and Methods:Immunohistochemical staining for HSP90 in 84 male patients, with nonmetastatic
testicular cancer, who underwent orchiectomy from 2000 to 2023, was retrospectively
performed at the Laboratory Department of General Hospital of Nikaia in Greece.Results:A total of 84 males, with a mean age of 36.2 years, who have undergone high-cord
radical orchiectomy, were included in this study. Out of the included males, 28.57% had
embryonal carcinoma, 23.81% had seminoma, 19.05% had yolk sac tumor, 11.9% had mature
teratoma, 9.52% had immature teratoma, and 7.14% had choriocarcinoma. HSP90b was positive
in all embryonal carcinoma, seminoma, and choriocarcinoma cases, while it was positive in 75%
of the yolk sac tumor, 75% of mature teratoma, and 75% of immature teratoma specimens.
HSP90 was found negative in all choriocarcinoma, mature teratoma, and immature teratoma
specimens, while it was positive in 25% of yolk sac tumor, 8.33% of embryonal carcinoma, and
10% of seminoma cases. Concerning the expression of HSP90b, a statistically significant
relationship was found between excised tumor specimens and normal parenchyma specimens,
especially in sac cases (p <0.001). Regarding HSP90a expression, a statistically significant
relationship (OR=21.5, p =0.021) was found between excised tumor specimens and normal
parenchyma specimens, especially in embryonal carcinoma cases (p <0.001).Conclusion:HSP90b is highly expressed in the majority of the types of testicular tumors, both in
tumor and normal parenchyma specimens, while HSP90a staining is negative in resected
specimens. Further well-designed studies are needed to elucidate the role of HSP90 as a
diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in testicular tumors.