Hydroxocobalamin

Introduction: Cyanide poisoning, whether it be accidental or intentional, remains a significant danger to adults and children, especially in societies where agriculture is a primary source of income. We examined the clinical follow-up, complications, and results of cyanide poisoning cases that occurred after eating the pits and seeds of plants containing cyanide glycosides, such as apricot kernels and almonds. Methods: Between 01/01/2017 and 01/08/2022, 14 children aged 1-18 years who were followed up with a prediagnosis of cyanide poisoning in our Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) were retrospectively analysed. Results: Eight of the patients followed with a preliminary diagnosis of cyanide poisoning were female and six were male. The most common admission month was July (42.8%) coinciding with the agricultural season. The most common symptoms at presentation were weakness and fatigue (n = 7). In the PICU, 4 patients presented lip cyanosis; 3, altered level of consciousness. Vomiting, seizure, headache, dizziness and palpitatons were less frequent. Four patients were treated with hydroxocobalamin (Cyanokit®) as an antidote due to acidosis in their blood gases. All patients treated for cyanide poisoning were discharged. Conclusions: Cyanide poisoning should be considered in paediatric patients with suspicious findings, sudden loss of consciousness, increased anion gap acidosis and lactic acidosis. The history of eating the seeds of plants such as apricot and almonds should be investigated.

B-complex vitamins are essential micronutrients that maintaining health, and provide (individually/simultaneously) many important biological actions in organism. Therefore, sensitive, reliable analytical method to determine B-complex vitamins simultaneously in actual samples is significant. Conventional analytical methods for vitamins analysis are usually labor-intensive, time-consuming and mostly do not allow the simultaneous determination. Few papers have been published on capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) analysis of individual vitamin B or B-complex vitamins. Microchip capillary electrophoresis (ME) offers less consumption of background electrolyte and reagents than CE, and fast separation as having several channels for high-throughput. ME based on ZipChip integrates sample injection, electrophoretic separation, and ESI functions into one platform, herein, for the first time, in this paper, the ME-MS based on ZipChip platform was investigated and demonstrated preliminarily a significant improvement over existing techniques. Because: the ME-MS method has a linear response with excellent precision for replicate injections and LODs lower than 4 ppb; The method is simple and fast (<3 min per sample), using a small amount of sample (∼5 nL) with low reagent consumption, making it suitable for high-throughput applications; The inter/intraday reproducibility (RSD %) is less than 3 %, which is important for clinic application.