Octocog alfa(Bayer AG)

德国拜耳（NYSE：BAYE）近日发布了2023年财务业绩，全年收入持续收缩，达476亿欧元（517亿美元），同比下降1.2%（按固定汇率计算，下同）。其中，制药业务虽然销售量略有增长，新产品反响良好，但是销售额同比下降了0.4%，至181亿欧元（196亿美元），部分被中国的大幅下降所抵消；而消费者健康业务则增长了6.3%，达到60亿欧元（65亿美元），这得益于皮肤病产品、疼痛和心脏病产品以及流感季。主要产品销售情况2022年的重磅炸弹药物，去年也保持了良好业绩：药品销售额口服抗凝剂拜瑞妥（利伐沙班）41亿欧元（44亿美元）眼内注射液艾力雅（阿柏西普）32亿欧元（35亿美元）避孕药Jaydess（左炔诺孕酮）12亿欧元（13亿美元）其中，只有艾力雅获得5.6%的增长。值得注意的是，拜耳近期推出的前列腺癌药物诺倍戈（达罗他胺）和肾脏疾病预防药物可申达（非奈利酮）销售额分别飙升93.6%和160.6%，达到8.69亿欧元（9.43亿美元）和2.7亿欧元（2.93亿美元），成为了关键增长因素。全球市场变化情况按地区划分，欧洲/中东/非洲地区市场收入同比增长3.1%，达到141亿欧元（153亿美元），拉丁美洲增长0.8%，达到89亿欧元（97亿美元）。然而，北美和亚太地区市场分别下滑4.5%和3.4%，至162亿欧元（176亿美元）和84亿欧元（91亿美元）。除艾力雅的销量出现增长外，拜耳在中国市场的药品销售大幅下降，主要原因包括：新冠疫情相关影响；血液稀释剂拜新同（硝苯地平）被纳入带量采购；医疗健康领域反腐行动导致2023年下半年市场需求减少；拜瑞妥和科跃奇等抗凝血药物面临市场竞争；抗癌药拜万戈（瑞戈非尼）的需求减少。拜耳首席执行官Bill Anderson透露：公司将暂时搁置消费者健康或作物科学部门的拆分计划，在未来2至3年内将主要专注于强化药品管线、解决诉讼、减少债务和提高业绩。\ | /★联 系 我 们投稿 | 发稿 | 媒体合作▶ sylvia.hua@generalbiologic.com数据库 | 咨询服务 | 资讯追踪▶ 点击左下“阅读原文”完成表单填写点击 阅读原文 订阅全球行业新闻

Proteases are enzymes that play a crucial role in the human body by breaking down proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids. These enzymes are involved in various physiological processes, including digestion, blood clotting, immune response, and cell signaling. Proteases help in the breakdown of dietary proteins into absorbable nutrients, aiding in digestion and nutrient absorption. They also regulate blood clotting by activating clotting factors. Additionally, proteases are involved in immune response by degrading foreign proteins and pathogens. Furthermore, these enzymes participate in cell signaling pathways, influencing various cellular processes such as growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Overall, proteases are essential for maintaining proper protein homeostasis and ensuring the normal functioning of the human body. Viral proteases are a class of enzymes that hydrolyze the peptide chain structure of proteins and are essential enzymes for viral biosynthesis. Their function is to cleave and modify precursor proteins to obtain mature active proteins, thereby exerting normal physiological functions. Proteases play a crucial role in the life cycle of viruses, and proteases of different viruses have a certain degree of similarity. Therefore, viral proteases have become ideal targets in the development of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs. Most of the antiviral drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are peptide analogs and macrocyclic compounds. They bind to the active site of the target protease, thereby exerting antiviral effects. Protease inhibitors against AIDS and Hepatitis C virus are the most innovative sources in the development of antiviral drugs, with at least half of antiviral drugs used to treat AIDS. FDA-approved protease inhibitors for AIDS include saquinavir, indinavir, ritonavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, fosamprenavir, lopinavir, atazanavir, tipranavir, darunavir, and combination preparations. The analysis of the target Protease in the pharmaceutical industry reveals a competitive landscape with companies at different stages of development. Shanghai Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd. is leading with an approved drug, while other companies are in Phase 1 or Preclinical stages. The approved indications cover a wide range of medical conditions, indicating the potential therapeutic applications of drugs targeting Protease. The drug types progressing rapidly include Enzyme, Small molecule drug, and Chemical drugs, with biosimilars contributing to intense competition. China, the United States, and European countries are actively developing drugs targeting Protease. The future development of the target Protease will depend on the success of ongoing research and development efforts, as well as the ability of companies to bring innovative drugs to market. How do they work?Protease inhibitors are a class of drugs that inhibit the activity of proteases, which are enzymes responsible for breaking down proteins. Proteases play a crucial role in various biological processes, including digestion, blood clotting, and immune response. By inhibiting proteases, protease inhibitors can interfere with these processes and have therapeutic effects. From a biomedical perspective, protease inhibitors are commonly used in the treatment of viral infections such as HIV/AIDS. HIV protease inhibitors specifically target the protease enzyme of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), preventing it from cleaving viral polyproteins into functional proteins. This inhibition disrupts the viral replication cycle and helps control the progression of HIV infection. Protease inhibitors can also be used in the treatment of other medical conditions, including hepatitis C, cancer, and certain autoimmune disorders. In cancer therapy, protease inhibitors can help prevent the growth and spread of tumors by blocking proteases involved in tumor invasion and angiogenesis. It is important to note that protease inhibitors can have side effects and may interact with other medications. Therefore, their use should be carefully monitored and prescribed by healthcare professionals. List of Protease InhibitorsThe currently marketed Protease inhibitors include: Chymotrypsin(Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd.)ANG-003Bismuthyl EcabetChymotrypsinogen/trypsinogenCGT-1507EP-007FLT3 TriTACIgA proteases(IGAN Biosciences)MRX-18Aprotinin(Bayer Ag)For more information, please click on the image below. What are Protease inhibitors used for?Protease inhibitors are commonly used in the treatment of viral infections such as HIV/AIDS.  For more information, please click on the image below to log in and search. How to obtain the latest development progress of Protease inhibitors?In the Synapse database, you can keep abreast of the latest research and development advances of Protease inhibitors anywhere and anytime, daily or weekly, through the "Set Alert" function. Click on the image below to embark on a brand new journey of drug discovery!