Furazolidone

The misuse of antibiotics has caused serious impacts on food safety and human health, making it crucial to develop rapidly and highly sensitive methods for detecting trace nitrofuran antibiotics (NFs). In this study, phosphorus, nitride-doped carbon nanosheets (PN/CNs) were synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method based on graphitic carbon nitride. This prepared material showed excellent water solubility and stable optical properties. A new fluorescence sensing platform based on PN/CNs was constructed for the highly sensitive detection of four NFs. This sensitivity was mainly attributed to the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism. The limits of detection for nitrofurazone, nitrofurantoin, furazolidone and furaltadone were determined to be 13.41, 15.24, 16.37 and 19.94 nM, respectively. The high sensitivity and selectivity of PN/CNs for these four NFs were thoroughly evaluated by the Stern-Volmer equation and FRET quenching efficiency. This proposed method exhibited high sensitivity and can be successfully applied to detect NFs in fish.

The prevalence of abscess disease significantly limits the population expansion of captive forest musk deer, which is an endangered species protected by the legislation of China. Our prior work had demonstrated that Trueperella pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are two important microorganisms in causing the abscess disease of forest musk deer, and furazolidone could inhibit the growth and virulence of the pathogens in vitro. In this study, the in vivo protection activity of furazolidone was evaluated by using mouse models chronically infected with T. pyogenes and P. aeruginosa. The results showed that furazolidone treatment significantly increased the survival rates of mice in the co-infection group, all the mice survived at 14 days post-infection. The damage degree of the lung tissues caused by bacterial infection was ameliorated by the treatment of furazolidone from 7 to 14 days post-infection, which also reduced the residual bacterial burden in the lungs. Compared to the untreated control group, the expression levels of genes activated by the quorum-sensing system of P. aeruginosa and the core virulence regulatory genes of T. pyogenes were significantly suppressed by furazolidone. In addition, the results of transcriptomic analyses showed that 270 DEGs were identified in the co-infection group. This finding further revealed that the immune responses of mice could be enhanced by the treatment of furazolidone, and this might also contribute to the clearance of bacteria from the lungs. Therefore, this study clearly reveals the protection activity of furazolidone against P. aeruginosa and T. pyogenes infection, and thus provides a promising candidate in the treatment of abscess disease.