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更新于：2026-01-31
Cefaclor
头孢克洛
更新于：2026-01-31
概要
基本信息
原研机构 |
非在研机构 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
首次获批日期 英国 (1978-08-21), |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
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结构/序列
分子式C15H16ClN3O5S |
InChIKeyWKJGTOYAEQDNIA-IOOZKYRYSA-N |
CAS号70356-03-5 |
关联
76
项与 头孢克洛 相关的临床试验NCT06406114
Optimizing the Diagnostic Approach to Cephalosporin Allergy Testing
CTR20250620
头孢克洛颗粒人体生物等效性研究
ChiCTR2500098319
Clinical Observation on the Treatment of Acute Pharyngitis, Tonsillitis, Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Pharyngitis and Other Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Causing Throat Pain and Other Discomforts with Diquichloramine Lozenges: A Randomized Controlled Study
100 项与 头孢克洛 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 头孢克洛 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 头孢克洛 相关的专利（医药）
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2,685
项与 头孢克洛 相关的文献（医药）2026-02-01JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
Chemical instability of cefaclor in simple suspensions alkalinized with magnesium oxide and the structural elucidation of the degradation products
Article
作者: Tanaka, Mamoru ; Yamanaka, Mitsuki ; Akira, Kazuki ; Hidaka, Noriaki ; Kato, Ginjiro ; Mitome, Hidemichi
A simple suspension method, where solid formulations are soaked in water (55 °C) and suspended followed by tube administration, has been widely used in Japan for patients with dysphagia. However, information on the chemical stability of drugs concomitantly suspended with acidic or basic ones is insufficient. Cefaclor, a β-lactam antibiotic, is commonly used to treat various infectious diseases. This drug has been reported to be unstable depending on pH and temperature. Also, magnesium oxide (MgO) is a typical alkaline drug frequently prescribed as a laxative. These drugs are occasionally taken together, particularly by older patients. In this study, we have investigated the chemical stability of cefaclor in a concomitant simple suspension with MgO. A cefaclor capsule with or without an MgO tablet was subjected to the simple suspension method, and the suspensions were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. No degradation was observed for the suspension of cefaclor alone, whereas when concomitantly suspended with MgO, the peak intensity of cefaclor considerably decreased, and two degradation peaks appeared. The results showed that co-suspensions with MgO should be avoided. The degradation products were isolated and spectroscopically identified to be piperazine derivatives including a novel one. Their plausible formation mechanisms have also been proposed.
2025-11-24JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
Results from the Survey of Antibiotic Resistance (SOAR) 2018–21 in Pakistan: data based on CLSI, EUCAST (dose-specific) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoints
Article
作者: Torumkuney, Didem ; Nizamuddin, Summiya ; Morrissey, Ian ; Manoharan, Anand ; Manenzhe, Rendani
Abstract:
Objectives:
To determine the antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolates from community-acquired respiratory tract infections (CA-RTIs) collected in 2018–21 from Pakistan.
Methods:
MICs were determined by CLSI broth microdilution; susceptibility data were interpreted using CLSI, EUCAST and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoints.
Results:
S. pneumoniae (n = 57) and H. influenzae (n = 67) were collected from the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan. The proportion of penicillin-susceptible pneumococci was 28.1% by CLSI oral/EUCAST low-dose breakpoints; 98.3%/98.2% were susceptible by EUCAST high-dose/CLSI intravenous breakpoints. Good activity (≥93.0%) was observed using CLSI or PK/PD breakpoints for amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, cefpodoxime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Cefdinir and cefaclor were less active (75.4% and 57.9%, respectively, by CLSI and 61.4% and 19.3%, respectively, by PK/PD). Tetracyclines, macrolides and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were poorly active (5.3%–36.8%). EUCAST high-dose breakpoints indicated similar activity, although susceptibility to cefaclor (0%), cefpodoxime (70.2%) and cefuroxime (68.4%) was lower than by CLSI. Most H. influenzae isolates were β-lactamase negative (95.5%). Generally, antibiotic susceptibility was >83.6% by CLSI for all antibiotics except trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (13.4%). Susceptibility by EUCAST was similar, except for cefuroxime (oral), with 0% susceptible isolates versus 95.5% by CLSI and 67.2% by PK/PD, fluoroquinolones and macrolides (no EUCAST breakpoint). Macrolide susceptibility by PK/PD breakpoints was low.
Conclusions:
Although antimicrobial resistance was observed, many therapeutic options remain to treat S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae from CA-RTI in Pakistan despite concerns about high levels of inappropriate antibiotic use. Continued surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility is important for guiding empiric therapy of CA-RTIs.
2025-11-24JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
Results from the Survey of Antibiotic Resistance (SOAR) 2018–21 in Ukraine: data based on CLSI, EUCAST (dose-specific) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoints
Article
作者: Torumkuney, Didem ; Morrissey, Ian ; Bratus, Elena ; Yuvko, Olena ; Pertseva, Tetyana ; Manoharan, Anand ; Beltrame, Cristiana Ossaille
Abstract:
Objectives:
To determine the antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae from community-acquired respiratory tract infections (CA-RTIs) collected in 2018–21 from Ukraine.
Methods:
MICs were determined by CLSI broth microdilution test, and susceptibility data were interpreted using CLSI, EUCAST (dose-specific) and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoints.
Results:
S. pneumoniae (n = 64) and H. influenzae (n = 76) isolates were collected in 2018–21. Antibiotic susceptibility was 82.8% for pneumococci penicillin-susceptible by CLSI oral/EUCAST low-dose breakpoints and 98.4% by EUCAST high-dose/CLSI intravenous breakpoints. Fluoroquinolones were the most active (100% susceptible). CLSI susceptibility of 85.9%–96.9% was also observed for amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and cephalosporins. Tetracycline and macrolide susceptibility was 73.4%–76.6%, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was 59.4%. EUCAST susceptibility was similar if high-dose regimens were chosen, although susceptibility to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was 79.7%. Most H. influenzae isolates were β-lactamase negative (n = 72, 94.7%) with >94.7% susceptibility, except for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (61.8% by CLSI/EUCAST low-dose, 68.4% by EUCAST high-dose). Susceptibility using EUCAST breakpoints was similar to CLSI, except cefuroxime (oral) with 0% of isolates susceptible versus 100% by CLSI. Cefaclor susceptibility was 11.8% using PK/PD breakpoints.
Conclusions:
For H. influenzae, 100% susceptibility (CLSI) was observed to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, macrolides, most cephalosporins and tetracycline. S. pneumoniae susceptibility was 100% to fluoroquinolones, 90.6%–96.9% to third-generation cephalosporins and 96.9% to amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. This is consistent with previous resistance surveillance in Ukraine. Continued surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility is important for guiding empiric therapy of CA-RTIs.
100 项与 头孢克洛 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 慢性支气管炎 | 奥地利 | 1997-03-14 | |
| 急性支气管炎 | 日本 | 1988-06-28 | |
| 淋巴结炎 | 日本 | 1988-06-28 | |
| 咽喉炎 | 日本 | 1988-06-28 | |
| 脓皮症 | 日本 | 1988-06-28 | |
| 继发感染 | 日本 | 1988-06-28 | |
| 革兰氏阴性菌感染 | 美国 | 1979-04-04 | |
| 革兰氏阳性细菌感染 | 美国 | 1979-04-04 | |
| 下呼吸道感染 | 美国 | 1979-04-04 | |
| 中耳炎 | 美国 | 1979-04-04 | |
| 咽炎 | 美国 | 1979-04-04 | |
| 皮肤和皮肤结构感染 | 美国 | 1979-04-04 | |
| 扁桃体炎 | 美国 | 1979-04-04 | |
| 泌尿道感染 | 美国 | 1979-04-04 | |
| 细菌感染 | 英国 | 1978-08-21 |
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