Telisotuzumab vedotin

With increasing biomarker-driven cancer treatments, TEPMETKO benefits from growing adoption in precision oncology. Competition from other MET inhibitors like TABRECTA (capmatinib) exists, but TEPMETKO's once-daily dosing and efficacy profile offer differentiation. LAS VEGAS, March 6, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- DelveInsight's " TEPMETKO Market Size, Forecast, and Market Insight Report" highlights the details around TEPMETKO, a kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of adult patients with metastatic NSCLC harboring MET exon 14 skipping alterations. The report provides product descriptions, patent details, and competitor products (marketed and emerging therapies) of TEPMETKO. The report also highlights the historical and forecasted sales from 2020 to 2034 segmented into 7MM [the United States, the EU4 (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain), the United Kingdom, and Japan]. EMD Serono's TEPMETKO (tepotinib) Overview TEPMETKO is a kinase inhibitor prescribed for adult patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) carrying MET exon 14 skipping alterations. The active component is Tepotinib (as hydrochloride monohydrate), administered orally. Patients should be cautioned about the heightened risk of severe or fatal interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis, liver toxicity, and potential embryo-fetal toxicity, necessitating effective contraception during and shortly after treatment. Tepotinib specifically targets MET, including variants with exon 14 skipping mutations. It blocks HGF-dependent and independent MET phosphorylation, disrupting MET-driven signaling pathways. Additionally, at clinically relevant concentrations, Tepotinib inhibits melatonin 2 and imidazoline 1 receptors. In vitro studies show that it suppresses tumor cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and migration of MET-dependent cancer cells. In mouse models with MET-driven tumors, including those with MET exon 14 skipping alterations, Tepotinib reduced tumor growth, sustained MET phosphorylation inhibition, and, in one case, decreased metastasis formation. The recommended dose of TEPMETKO is 450 mg taken orally once daily until disease progression or intolerable toxicity occurs. Patients should take it at the same time each day, swallowing tablets whole without chewing, crushing, or splitting them. If a dose is missed and less than eight hours remain until the next scheduled dose, patients should skip it. In cases of vomiting after taking TEPMETKO, the next dose should be taken at the usual time. Learn more about TEPMETKO projected market size for NSCLC @ TEPMETKO Market Potential Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for 81% of all diagnosed cases. Early detection greatly improves outcomes, but diagnosing NSCLC and other lung cancers is challenging because their symptoms are often mistaken for common illnesses or the long-term effects of smoking. Consequently, 80% of NSCLC cases are already at advanced stages by the time they are identified, making treatment more difficult. Around 80% of EGFR mutations in NSCLC involve either exon 19 deletions or the exon 21 L858R substitution, both of which are classified as sensitizing mutations. Until the last decade, chemotherapy was the primary treatment for advanced and metastatic lung cancer. However, this changed in 2015 with the approval of the first immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab), as a second-line therapy for advanced cases. This was followed by TECENTRIQ (atezolizumab) in 2016. Both therapies were later approved for first-line treatment, broadening their use to a larger patient population. In 2020, the combination of OPDIVO (nivolumab) and ipilimumab also received approval as a first-line treatment for metastatic NSCLC. According to DelveInsight, the NSCLC market size across the 7MM is projected to grow from USD 30 billion in 2024, with a substantial CAGR through 2034. This growth is largely driven by the introduction of emerging therapies during the forecast period (2025–2034). Discover more about the NSCLC market in detail @ Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Market Report Emerging Competitors of TEPMETKO The NSCLC pipeline is very robust with the promising therapies such as Telisotuzumab vedotin (AbbVie), Patritumab deruxtecan (Daiichi Sankyo/AstraZeneca), Datopotamab deruxtecan (Daiichi Sankyo/AstraZeneca), Eftilagimod alpha (Immutep), BNT311/GEN1046 (acasunlimab) (Genmab), V940 (mRNA-4157) + Pembrolizumab (Moderna Therapeutics/Merck), Plinabulin + Docetaxel (BeyondSpring), Olomorasib (LY3537982) (Eli Lilly and Company), Zipalertinib (Cullinan Oncology/Taiho Pharma), Ceralasertib (AZD6738) (AstraZeneca), TEDOPI (EP-2101; IDM 2101; OSE-2101) (OSE Immuno-therapeutics), Sigvotatug vedotin (PF08046047) (Pfizer), ANKTIVA (N-803) (ImmunityBio), Aumolertinib/Almonertinib/HS-10206 (Jiangsu Hansoh Pharmaceutical), Niraparib (GSK), Savolitinib (AstraZeneca/Hutchison MediPharma), TRODELVY (Gilead Sciences), Pyrotinib (Jiangsu HengRui Medicine), Ociperlimab (BGB-A1217) (BieGene), Volrustomig (AstraZeneca), Gotistobart (BNT316/ONC-392) (OncoC4/BioNTech), Ivonescimab (AK112/SMT112) (Akeso Biopharma/Summit Therapeutics), ZYNYZ (retifanlimab/INCMGA00012) (Incyte/Macrogenics), Divarasib (GDC-6036) (Roche/Genentech), Tiragolumab (RG6058) (Roche), Sacituzumab Tirumotecan (Merck and Kelun-Biotech), JEMPERLI (dostarlimab/TSR-042) (GSK and AnaptysBio), Zongertinib (BI-1810631) (Boehringer Ingelheim), BAY 2927088 (Bayer), Serplulimab (HLX10) (Shanghai Henlius Biotech), Rilvegostomig (AZD2936) (AstraZeneca), MK-1084 (Merck, Taiho Pharmaceutical, and Astex), Domvanalimab (Arcus Biosciences and Gilead Sciences), OPDUALAG (nivolumab and relatlimab) (Bristol-Myers Squibb), Belrestotug + JEMPERLI (iTeos Therapeutics and GSK), Firmonertinib (ArriVent BioPharma), Sunvozertinib (DZD9008) (Dizal Pharmaceutical), Cobolimab (GSK), Livmoniplimab (AbbVie), Fianlimab (REGN3767) (Regeneron Pharmaceuticals), BNT327/PM8002 (Biotheus/BioNTech), HS-20117 (Hansoh BioMedical), IO102-IO103 + Pembrolizumab (IO Biotech), Naptumomab estafenatox (NeoTX Therapeutics/Active Biotech), FF-10832 (FUJIFILM Corporation), BNT116 (BioNTechSE/Regeneron Pharmaceuticals), CAN-2409 (Candel Therapeutics), Mecbotamab Vedotin (BA3011/CAB-AXL-ADC) (BioAtla), Bemcentinib (BGB 324/BGB-3234/R-428) (BerGenBio/Rigel Pharmaceuticals), DOVBLERON (taletrectinib/AB-106/IBI-344) (Nuvation Bio/Innovent Biologics/Daiichi Sankyo/Nippon Kayaku), Lifileucel (Iovance Biotherapeutics), IBI363 (Innovent Biologics), Sotevtamab (AB-16B5) (Alethia Biotherapeutics), Avutometinib (VS6766) (Verastem Oncology), Vebreltinib (APL-101) (Apollomics), LP-300 (Lantern Pharma), JNJ-90301900 (Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine), AMG 193 (Amgen), Luveltamab tazevibulin (Sutro Biopharma), PRT3789 (Prelude Therapeutics), Disitamab vedotin (Seagen), PADCEV (enfortumab vedotin) (Astellas Pharma), RP1 (Replimune), TIVDAK (tisotumab vedotin) (Seagen), Zanidatamab (Jazz Pharmaceuticals), Utidelone injectable (UTD1) (Beijing Biostar Pharmaceuticals), REGN5093-M114 (Regeneron Pharmaceuticals), SLC-391 (SignalChem Lifesciences), fulzerasib (GenFleet), Davutamig (REGN5093) (Regeneron Pharmaceuticals), TAS3351 (Taiho Oncology), H002 (RedCloud Bio), JIN-A02 (J INTS BIO), FWD1509 (Forward Pharma), Sabestomig (AZD7789) (AstraZeneca), Sasanlimab (Pfizer), Selvigaltin (GB1211) (Galecto Biotech), Vepafestinib Helsinn (Healthcare/Taiho Pharmaceutical), EP0031 (A400/ KL590586) (Ellipses Pharma/Kelun-Biotech), Pamvatamig (MCLA-129) (Merus), Zidesamtinib (NVL-520) (Nuvalent), NVL-655 (Nuvalent), RMC-4630 (Revolution Medicines), REQORSA (quaratusugene ozeplasmid) (Genprex), PDC*lung01 (PDC*line Pharma), Evalstotug (BA3071) (BioAtla and BeiGene), PT-112 (Promontory Therapeutics), MRT-2359 (Monte Rosa Therapeutics), GAIA-102 (GAIA BioMedicine), Rigosertib (Traws Pharma), HMBD-001 (Hummingbird Bioscience), PLB1004 (Avistone Biotechnology), ANS03 (Avistone Biotechnology), MYTX-011 (Mythic Therapeutics), A166 (Sichuan Kelun-Biotech Bio-pharmaceutical), Atamparib (BN-2397) (Ribon Therapeutics), DELTACEL (KB-GDT-01) (Kiromic BioPharma), Carotuximab (ENV-105) (Kairos Pharma), YL202 (MediLink Therapeutics), and others. To know more about the number of competing drugs in development, visit @ TEPMETKO Market Positioning Compared to Other Drugs Key Milestones of TEPMETKO In February 2024, the FDA granted traditional approval to TEPMETKO for adult patients with metastatic NSCLC harboring MET exon 14 skipping alterations. In February 2022, the EC approved TEPMETKO as monotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with advanced NSCLC harboring alterations leading to METex14 skipping who require systemic therapy following prior treatment with immunotherapy and/or platinum-based chemotherapy. In February 2021, Merck announced that the US FDA has approved TEPMETKO following priority review for the treatment of adult patients with metastatic NSCLC harboring MET exon 14 skipping alterations. This indication was approved under accelerated approval based on ORR and DOR. In October 2020, TEPMETKO received ODD for treating NSCLC with MET genomic tumor aberrations In March 2020, EMD Serono (the biopharmaceutical business of Merck KGaA), announced that the MHLW approved TEPMETKO for the treatment of patients with unresectable, advanced, or recurrent NSCLC with METex14 skipping alterations. In September 2019, the US FDA granted BTD for tepotinib in patients with metastatic NSCLC harboring METex14 skipping alterations who progressed following platinum-based cancer therapy Discover how TEPMETKO is shaping the NSCLC treatment landscape @ TEPMETKO NSCLC TEPMETKO Market Dynamics TEPMETKO competes in a growing but highly specialized market where MET-targeted therapies are gaining traction due to their efficacy in addressing MET-altered tumors. The market for MET inhibitors is expanding as precision oncology advances and molecular diagnostics become more widely available, enabling better identification of patients who would benefit from targeted treatments like TEPMETKO. A key factor shaping TEPMETKO's market dynamics is competition. It directly competes with Novartis' TABRECTA (capmatinib), another MET inhibitor approved for the same indication. While TEPMETKO offers the advantage of once-daily dosing compared to TABRECTA's twice-daily regimen, both drugs have similar efficacy profiles, making physician and patient preference an important differentiator. Additionally, broader competition from next-generation MET inhibitors and combination therapies in clinical trials could impact TEPMETKO's long-term market position. Regulatory approvals and market access play a crucial role in TEPMETKO's adoption. The drug has been approved in multiple regions, including the U.S., Europe, and Japan, but reimbursement and pricing strategies vary by market. Payer policies, along with the cost-benefit analysis of MET inhibitors compared to other targeted therapies, influence prescription trends. Furthermore, real-world evidence and post-marketing studies will be critical in demonstrating TEPMETKO's sustained effectiveness and safety, which could support expanded indications and increased market penetration. Looking ahead, the MET inhibitor market is expected to grow with advances in biomarker-driven therapy, further refining patient selection. TEPMETKO's success will depend on continued clinical development, potential label expansions, and strategic partnerships to strengthen its competitive edge. As new entrants emerge, Merck KGaA's ability to differentiate TEPMETKO through combination strategies or enhanced formulations may determine its long-term sustainability in this evolving landscape. Dive deeper to get more insight into TEPMETKO's strengths & weaknesses relative to competitors @ TEPMETKO Market Drug Report Table of Contents Related Reports Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Market Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast – 2034 report deliver an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted epidemiology, as well as the market trends, market drivers, market barriers, and key NSCLC companies including Daiichi Sankyo, AstraZeneca, Gilead Sciences, BieGene, AbbVie, Roche, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly, BerGenBio, GlaxoSmithKline, Duality biologics, among others. Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Pipeline Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Pipeline Insight – 2025 report provides comprehensive insights about the pipeline landscape, pipeline drug profiles, including clinical and non-clinical stage products, and the key non-small cell lung cancer companies, including BridgeBio Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo, EMD Serono, Merck, BridgeBio Pharma, Abbvie, Pfizer, Eli Lilly and Company BioNTech SE, Shenzhen TargetRx, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Chong Kun Dang, Bristol Myers Squibb, Innovent Biologics, Xuanzhu Biopharmaceutical, Bayer, GeneScience Pharmaceuticals, InventisBio, Apollomics, Imugene, Ono Pharmaceutical, Pierre Fabre, Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Bristol-Myers Squibb, Surface Oncology, Inhibrx, Sinocelltech, Mirati Therapeutics, REVOLUTION Medicines, Yong Shun Technology Development, Iovance Biotherapeutics, Galecto Biotech, among others. C-MET Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Market C-MET Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast – 2034 report deliver an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted epidemiology, as well as the market trends, market drivers, market barriers, and key C-MET mNSCLC companies, including Novartis, Merck, EMD Serono, AbbVie, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Mythic Therapeutics, Apollomics, Johnson & Johnson Innovation, Haihe Biopharma, among others. C-MET Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Pipeline C-MET Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Pipeline Insight – 2025 report provides comprehensive insights about the pipeline landscape, pipeline drug profiles, including clinical and non-clinical stage products, and the key C-MET non-small cell lung cancer companies, including AbbVie, Janssen Research & Development, Beijing Pearl Biotechnology Limited Liability Company, Novartis, among others. About DelveInsight DelveInsight is a leading Business Consultant and Market Research firm focused exclusively on life sciences. It supports pharma companies by providing comprehensive end-to-end solutions to improve their performance. Get hassle-free access to all the healthcare and pharma market research reports through our subscription-based platform PharmDelve . Contact Us Shruti Thakur [email protected] +14699457679 Logo: SOURCE DelveInsight Business Research, LLP WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED

往期回顾（点击标题查看文章） 2023年抗体药物行业发展大盘点 单抗发展史，看这篇就够了！ 浅谈抗体的作用机制和优缺点 单抗怎么起名，看这篇！ “魔法子弹”ADC之结构与作用 7大亮点回顾2024全球ADC产业图景 在ADC药物研发中，靶点的选择是决定药物疗效和安全性的关键因素。理想的靶点通常在肿瘤细胞中特异性高表达，而在正常细胞中的表达水平较低，以减少对正常组织的损害。此外，靶点的选择还应考虑其在肿瘤发展中的作用，以及是否具有内吞性，这决定了ADC药物能否被肿瘤细胞有效内化并释放细胞毒性载荷。 目前，当前ADC药物研发的“明星靶点”包括HER2、TROP2、组织因子（TF）、Nectin-4、FRα、EGFR、BCMA、CD家族（CD33、CD30、CD22、CD79B、CD19）等。 表 全球ADC药物上市汇总 实体瘤ADC热门靶点介绍 用于治疗实体瘤的ADC热门靶点包括HER2、TROP2、组织因子（TF）、Nectin-4、FRα和EGFR。从ADC产品的靶点分布来看，HER2是ADC研发最热门的靶点，其次是TROP2。 01 HER2 HER2是一种185kda的跨膜糖蛋白，属于表皮生长因子受体家族的一员。人表皮生长因子受体家族（human epidermal growth factor receptor，HER）承担着信号传导，调节正常细胞的生长、存活、转化及凋亡的作用，HER家族包括4个成员，分别是HER1（EGFR/ErbB1 ）、HER2（ErbB2）、HER3（ErbB3）、HER4（ErbB4）。HER2/NEU基因的扩增是人类恶性肿瘤和转移的重要因素。 目前，市场上有三种靶向HER2的ADC药物，分别是T-DM1， DS-8201和RC48。 靶向HER2的ADC药物 1、T-DM1 T-DM1（kadcyla，Ado-trastuzumab emtansine，赫赛莱）是第一个获得FDA批准用于乳腺癌的ADCs药物，携带的单抗靶头是靶向HER2的单抗——曲妥珠单抗（赫赛汀），HER2广泛用于胃癌、乳腺癌细胞；化疗药物是微管蛋白抑制剂小分子抑制剂细胞毒素DM1（Mertansine，美坦新，美登素类），以不可水解的硫醚键为连接子进行连接。TDM1结合到HER2受体的第IV亚区，由受体介导的内化，随后在溶酶体降解，在细胞内释放含有DM1。DM1与微管蛋白的结合破坏细胞内的微管网络，导致细胞周期阻滞和细胞凋亡。 2、DS-8201 DS-8201（Enhertu，fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki，优赫得），由第一三共和阿斯利康推出。DS-8201携带靶头仍然是曲妥珠单抗（赫赛汀），而细胞毒性药物则是喜树碱类药物，即拓扑异构酶1抑制剂Exatecan（依喜替康）衍生物，并以可水解的四肽连接子，采用半胱氨酸残基的定点偶联，载药量大。目前DS-8201已被NCCN指南列入HER2阳性晚期乳腺癌推荐治疗方案，并在全球不同地区获批上市7种适应症。 3、RC48 在国内，NMPA于2021年6月9日，附条件批准荣昌生物注射用RC48（Disitamab- MMAE，爱地希）上市。RC48没有采用曲妥珠单抗，而是采用自研的人源化维迪西妥单抗（disitamab vedotin）靶向HER2的胞外区，以可裂解的val-cit为连接子，连接了抑制微管蛋白剂单甲基澳瑞他汀E（Monomethyl Auristatin E, MMAE，海兔毒素衍生物），用于局部晚期或转移性胃癌/胃食管交界（GEJ）腺癌患者的三线治疗。 02 TROP-2 TROP-2（滋养层细胞表面抗原2）是一种在多种肿瘤组织中高表达的跨膜糖蛋白，其在肿瘤的发生、发展及转移中发挥重要作用，从而被认为是癌症靶向治疗的一个新型且有前途的分子靶点。 目前，已有多种TROP-2 ADC药物在临床研究中显示出显著的抗肿瘤效果。例如，戈沙妥珠单抗（Sacituzumab Govitecan，SG）由人源化的抗 Trop-2 抗体（hRS7）与拓扑异构酶抑制剂（SN-38）结合而成，已获得美国FDA批准用于治疗三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）的TROP-2 ADC药物。 03 HER3 相比于拥挤的HER2赛道，HER3由于受体本身结合力较低，不具备内在激酶活性，且没有合适的反映HER3激活与否的生物标志物，在研发中没有受到重视，但现在也有许多企业在跃跃欲试。 如第一三共开发的靶向HER3的ADC药物U3-1402，HER3-DXd（Patritumab Deruxtecan，U3-1402）是一种新型的HER3靶向ADC，其是将靶向HER3单克隆抗体patritumab与拓扑异构酶I抑制剂DXd结合构建。目前U3-1402已被美国FDA授予突破性疗法资格，用于接受过第三代EGFR靶向药和铂类化疗后疾病进展的转移性或局部晚期EGFR阳性非小细胞肺癌患者。 04 EGFR 在EGFR（HER1）的赛道上，Amgen公司的AMG595是人源化的抗EGFR-Ⅷ IgG1单克隆抗体与DM1偶联而成的ADCs，主要用于治疗恶性胶质瘤。但临床研究显示AMG595对一些EGFRvIII突变GBM患者有益，但作用有限。此外，艾伯维的ABT-414也在GBM三期临床中未达到主要终点。 国内EGFR的ADC药物如乐普生物的MRG003靶向EGFR，以MMAE为载荷，以可裂解连接子连接，用于治疗晚期实体肿如头颈癌、鼻咽癌和非小细胞肺癌的研究正在进行中。此外还有恒瑞医药（SHR-A1307）、荣昌生物（RC68）、百力司康（BB-1705 ）等多家生物技术公司布局靶向EGFR的ADCs。 05 TF（组织因子） TF（组织因子），也称为凝血活酶因子III 或CD142，是一种具有促凝血活性的跨膜糖蛋白，该抗原的内化特性非常适合开发TF靶向 ADC。首款用于宫颈癌治疗的ADC，由Seagen和Genmab公司合作开发的Tivdak® (tisotumab vedotin），于2021年取得加速批准在美国上市。它是首个批准用于宫颈癌的ADC，也是目前唯一一款靶向组织因子（TF）的上市ADC。 06 Nectin-4 Nectin-4是一种66kDa的 I 型跨膜蛋白，其主要作用是促进细胞间接触。它在多种肿瘤类型中过表达，而在正常成人组织中几乎不存在，因此也被视为ADC药物的理想靶点。目前，上市的Nectin-4 ADC药物是Padcev（Enfortumab Vedotin），由Seagen和安斯泰来联合开发。 07 FRα FRα（叶酸受体α）是一种膜结合的代谢叶酸受体，参与叶酸的细胞内转运。一旦与叶酸结合，受体-配体复合物就会通过非经典的内吞机制内化。FRα在卵巢癌、乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌、间皮瘤和肺癌中高表达，但在正常细胞中几乎不表达，这使得该受体非常适合 ADC 靶向。 目前，全球首款且唯一获批的FRα的ADC药物是ImmunoGen公司开发的Elahere（Mirvetuximab Soravtansine），它由抗FRα的人源化单克隆抗体与细胞毒性药物分子DM4通过二硫键偶联，属于靶向FRα的First-in-class ADC。Elahere的作用机制是与肿瘤细胞表面的FRα结合，并通过内吞效应进入到肿瘤细胞中，然后连接键断裂，释放抗微管药物DM4，继而杀伤肿瘤细胞。 08 Claudin18.2 Claudin 18.2是一种紧密连接蛋白家族成员，在多种肿瘤中高表达，目前Claudin 18.2作为极具前景的肿瘤靶向治疗靶点。例如，恒瑞医药开发的SHR-A1904是一款拥有知识产权的Claudin18.2靶向ADC药物，其有效载荷是拓扑异构酶抑制剂（TOPOi），通过与肿瘤细胞表面的靶抗原结合，使得药物被内吞进入细胞后释放小分子毒素杀伤肿瘤细胞。 2025年1月6日，中山大学肿瘤防治中心徐瑞华教授团队在国际权威肿瘤学期刊《柳叶刀·肿瘤》（The Lancet Oncology）上公布了一项具有里程碑意义的临床研究：靶向Claudin 18.2的抗体偶联药物（CMG901）治疗晚期胃癌/胃食管结合部腺癌患者的I期临床试验结果。 作为全球首个针对Claudin 18.2靶点的抗体偶联药物临床研究报道，国内原研的CMG901在晚期胃癌/胃食管结合部腺癌患者中患者中展现的良好安全性与显著疗效，标志着中国在抗肿瘤新药研发领域取得了又一重大突破。 09 c-Met c-MET，亦称为MET或肝细胞生长因子受体（HGFR），是一种属于MET家族的受体酪氨酸激酶，在多种肿瘤中高表达。 在研c-Met ADC药物 艾伯维ABBV-399和ABBV-400 2024年9月，艾伯维宣布ABBV-399在美申报上市，用于治疗既往接受过治疗的c-Met蛋白过表达、表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）野生型晚期/转移性非鳞状非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）成人患者。 阿斯利康AZD9592 荣昌生物RC108 再生元REGN5093- M114 恒瑞SHR-A1403 血液瘤ADC靶点介绍 对于血液肿瘤，免疫谱系特异性生物标志物如CD19、CD20、CD22、CD33、CD79B和BCMA在恶性血细胞上广泛且均匀地高水平表达，因此已被广泛探索为ADC开发的候选靶点。此外，获批ADC的靶抗原在结合后容易内化，这是有助于ADC疗效的重要特征。 01 CD19 CD19被认为是一种泛B细胞标志物，也是成熟B细胞表面多分子复合物的主要信号转导成分。CD19的表达在大多数B细胞恶性肿瘤中高度保守，此外，CD19具有快速内化动力学，不会脱落到循环中，使其成为理想的ADC靶抗原。 02 CD22 CD22是一种140kDa的跨膜糖蛋白，与CD33一样，是Siglec家族的成员，与该家族具有多种结构特征。主要区别在于CD22比CD33大得多，因为它具有多个Ig结构域和ITIM/ITIM样基序。CD22的表达仅限于B细胞，并且CD22在包括ALL在内的各种B细胞恶性肿瘤的大多数母细胞中表达水平升高。 CD22被CME内吞。天然样配体通过CD22的组成型快速内吞作用在细胞内积累。这些配体被分选以在溶酶体中降解，而CD22则被回收回细胞表面。此外，CD22配体诱导的内吞作用激活细胞内池，补充或增加细胞表面CD22的表达水平。因此，CD22对ADC具有良好的内吞特性。 03 CD33 CD33是一种67kda的跨膜糖蛋白受体，是唾液酸结合免疫球蛋白样凝集素（SIGLEC）家族的成员，该家族通常在正常髓系细胞上表达，并且是Gemtuzumab ozogamicin的靶标，因为它优先在AML细胞上过表达。CD33的免疫受体酪氨酸抑制基序（ITIM）调节CD33内吞作用，可通过网格蛋白介导的内吞作用（CME）激活。在内吞作用方面，AML细胞中CD33的表达水平与其内吞速率之间没有相关性。CD33是一种缓慢内化的抗原，CD33交联不能改善内吞作用。对GO无反应的AML患者可能与CD33受体摄入功能不佳有关。 04 CD79b CD79b仅在未成熟和成熟B细胞中表达，在恶性肿瘤中≥80%的B细胞中过表达。CD79a和CD79b是两种非共价结合的跨膜蛋白，介导信号传导和内吞作用。对于后者，CD79a-CD79b异二聚体是控制BCR内吞作用的支架。BCR的内吞作用主要由CME完成，并由AP-2介导。有趣的是，CD79a直接与AP-2的μ亚基相互作用，进而激活CD79b并导致整个BCR复合物的内吞作用。 此外，对于ADC，CD79a可以内化为单体，但CD79b不能。如果CD79b的近端膜酪氨酸（Y195）发生突变，则AP-2与CD79a的结合被阻断，内吞作用也被阻断。在18%的活化B细胞样DLBCL标本中，Y195发生突变。总之，有证据表明CD79b的内吞作用取决于整个BCR复合物的内化，而不是作为单体。 05 BCMA BCMA或CD269，也称为TNFR超家族成员17，转导诱导B细胞存活和增殖的信号。BCMA的分子量仅为20.2kDa，其配体结合的细胞外区域具有“扶手椅”构象，由六个CRDS组成。除多发性骨髓瘤外，BCMA还在许多血液系统恶性肿瘤中表达，例如霍奇金淋巴瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤。 靶点研发的挑战与机遇 尽管上述靶点已成为ADC药物研发的热点，但仍面临诸多挑战，如靶点的同质化竞争、耐药性问题、以及对正常组织的潜在毒性。同时，这些挑战也带来了新的机遇，如开发新的靶点、探索联合用药策略、以及利用新技术提高ADC药物的特异性和疗效。 同质化竞争：随着多个药企聚焦于相同靶点，市场竞争日益激烈，这要求研发者探索新的靶点或开发差异化的产品。 耐药性问题：肿瘤可能对ADC药物产生耐药性，因此需要研究新的有效载荷和连接子技术，以克服耐药性。 对正常组织的潜在毒性：尽管ADC药物旨在减少对正常组织的损害，但某些靶点在正常组织中的表达可能导致不良反应，需要进一步优化药物设计以降低毒性。 小结 ADC药物研发的热门靶点不仅为癌症治疗开辟了新的方向，也推动了药物研发技术的革新与进步。尽管耐药性和市场竞争是挑战，但通过联合用药、适应症拓展等策略，ADC药物的潜力正在被不断挖掘！ 参考来源：1、收藏！实体瘤和血液肿瘤的热门ADC靶点总结https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/TyWFhawME7rngqavLwhC4w2、ADC药物研发的热点靶点与未来趋势https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/s4ychEG-SoJy3s2Ce5Vqcw3、靶向HER家族的ADCs药物概览https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/FgWfzopNgYX3FTYqfNHM4Q END 整理及编辑：芝麻核桃 声明：本文仅代表作者个人观点，不代表任何组织及本公众号立场，如有不当之处，敬请指正。如需转载，请注明作者及来源：蒲公英Biopharma。 皮尔法伯集团创立于1962年，总部位于法国西南部，拥有世界第二大护肤品及化妆品实验室，也是全法第二大私营制药集团。集团业务涵盖处方药、医学护肤品及公共健康三个领域。 皮尔法伯制药作为集团重点业务板块之一，聚焦肿瘤，罕见病和皮肤科三大领域的研发和对外合作。集团在肿瘤学领域拥有40年的创新、开发、制造和商业化经验。集团每年约80%的研发支出用于肿瘤学，目前的肿瘤学商业产品组合涵盖结直肠癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、黑色素瘤、血液学疾病和癌前皮肤病。