Namilumab

BASEL, Switzerland and LONDON and NEW YORK, Feb. 10, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Roivant (Nasdaq: ROIV) today reported its financial results for the third quarter ended December 31, 2024, and provided a business update. Brepocitinib to be developed in third indication, cutaneous sarcoidosis (CS), an orphan indication with high unmet need; Phase 2 study initiation expected in second quarter of calendar year with topline data in second half of calendar year 2026 IMVT-1402 development is rapidly progressing with six Investigational New Drug (IND) applications cleared and pivotal studies in Graves’ disease (GD) and difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (D2T RA) initiated Batoclimab topline results from pivotal trial in myasthenia gravis (MG) and initial results from period 1 of trial in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) expected by March 31, 2025 Progress in ongoing LNP litigation, with the summary judgment phase in the Moderna case taking place across the second and third quarters of calendar year 2025 and a jury trial scheduled for September 2025 Roivant reported consolidated cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and marketable securities of approximately $5.2 billion at December 31, 2024, not including a one-time regulatory milestone of $75 million received in January for the approval of VTAMA in atopic dermatitis and $113 million of external capital raised in Immunovant’s January private placement “Roivant has broadened our clinical pipeline with the newly announced trial of brepocitinib in cutaneous sarcoidosis. As with dermatomyositis and non-infectious uveitis, brepocitinib has the potential to be a first-in-class agent for CS and expands the treatment options for patients suffering from an indication with high unmet need,” said Matt Gline, CEO of Roivant. “We also look forward to announcing multiple significant study outcomes this year including for batoclimab in MG, CIDP and TED, and for brepocitinib in dermatomyositis. 2025 is a year of harvest for Roivant.” Recent Developments Immunovant:In January 2025, Immunovant announced a $450 million private placement with participation from a U.S.-based healthcare focused investor, a large mutual fund complex, and Roivant, bringing Roivant’s basic ownership up to approximately 57%.Endocrinology ProgramImmunovant recently initiated the first potentially registrational trial of IMVT-1402 in adult participants with GD who are hyperthyroid despite antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment. This study builds on the batoclimab proof-of-concept data presented in 2024, which suggest the potential for deep IgG reduction in the treatment of GD for patients who are not well controlled on ATDs.Rheumatology ProgramImmunovant recently initiated a potentially registrational trial of IMVT-1402 in adult participants with active, anti-citrullinated protein autoantibody (ACPA) positive difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis. The trial includes IMVT-1402’s higher dose (600 mg) as recent in-class data suggest that deeper ACPA reduction correlated with better clinical improvement in ACPA+ RA patients treated with an FcRn inhibitor. Priovant: In February 2025, Priovant announced a Phase 2 study of the safety and efficacy of brepocitinib in adults with cutaneous sarcoidosis. Cutaneous sarcoidosis marks the third indication for brepocitinib and continues the strategy to develop the drug in orphan indications with high unmet need. There are 30,000 to 50,000 patients in the US affected by cutaneous sarcoidosis with no approved therapies. The trial is expected to begin in the second quarter of calendar year 2025; topline results are expected in the second half of calendar year 2026. Genevant: The Pfizer / BioNTech Markman hearing was held in December 2024. Roivant: Roivant reported consolidated cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and marketable securities of approximately $5.2 billion at December 31, 2024, not including a one-time regulatory milestone of $75 million received in January for the approval of VTAMA in atopic dermatitis and $113 million of external capital raised in Immunovant’s January private placement.In December 2024, Roivant announced Kinevant’s Phase 2 study of namilumab failed to show treatment benefit in patients with chronic active pulmonary sarcoidosis. Kinevant is discontinuing further development of namilumab for the treatment of sarcoidosis. Major Upcoming Milestones Immunovant anticipates initiating clinical trials evaluating IMVT-1402 in a total of ten indications by March 31, 2026. Neurology ProgramImmunovant intends to report topline results from the pivotal trial of batoclimab in MG by March 31, 2025. Results from this trial are expected to inform a decision regarding next steps for batoclimab in MG and inform the design of a potentially registrational program for IMVT-1402 in MG, which Immunovant expects to initiate following the disclosure of the batoclimab data in MG.Results from period one of the trial evaluating batoclimab in CIDP continue to be expected by March 31, 2025. Those results, as well as observations drawn from public disclosures of other studies in CIDP, are expected to inform a potentially registrational program for IMVT-1402 in CIDP, which Immunovant expects to initiate following the disclosure of the batoclimab CIDP data.Endocrinology ProgramImmunovant plans to announce additional data from the batoclimab proof-of-concept study in GD including 6-month, treatment-free remission data designed to further articulate potential for IMVT-1402 in GD. These data are expected in the summer of 2025.Topline results from the pivotal program of batoclimab for the treatment of thyroid eye disease (TED), also known as Graves' ophthalmopathy, continue to be expected in the second half of calendar year 2025, along with a decision whether to pursue marketing authorization for batoclimab in TED. Data from this trial may also inform the IMVT-1402 program in GD. Priovant plans to report topline data from the ongoing Phase 3 trial of brepocitinib in DM in the second half of calendar year 2025 and topline data from the ongoing Phase 3 trial of brepocitinib in NIU in the first half of calendar year 2027.Priovant’s Phase 2 trial of brepocitinib in cutaneous sarcoidosis is expected to begin in the second quarter of calendar year 2025; topline results are expected in the second half of calendar year 2026. Pulmovant plans to report topline data from the ongoing Phase 2 trial of mosliciguat in pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease in the second half of calendar year 2026. Genevant litigation against Moderna continues to progress with summary judgment phase scheduled for second and third quarter of calendar year 2025; Moderna jury trial scheduled for September 2025. Third Quarter Ended December 31, 2024 Financial Summary Cash Position and Marketable Securities As of December 31, 2024, the Company had consolidated cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable securities of approximately $5.2 billion. Research and Development Expenses Research and development (R&D) expenses increased by $33.4 million to $141.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024, compared to $108.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023. This increase was primarily driven by increases in program-specific costs of $26.2 million, personnel-related expenses of $3.9 million, and share-based compensation of $2.8 million. Within program-specific costs, the increase of $26.2 million was primarily driven by an increase in expense of $29.1 million related to the anti-FcRn franchise, partially offset by a decrease in expense of $5.7 million related to RVT-3101, which was sold to Roche in December 2023. Non-GAAP R&D expenses were $131.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024, compared to $100.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023. General and Administrative Expenses General and administrative (G&A) expenses increased by $13.4 million to $141.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024, compared to $128.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023. This increase largely resulted from an increase in share-based compensation expense of $25.0 million, primarily due to the long-term equity incentive awards granted in July 2024 pursuant to the 2024 Senior Executive Compensation Program. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in personnel-related expenses of $15.9 million, primarily due to higher expense in the three months ended December 31, 2023 related to a special one-time cash retention bonus award granted to employees, following approval in December 2023. Non-GAAP G&A expenses were $71.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024, compared to $82.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023. Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax Income from discontinued operations, net of tax was $327.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and reflects the gain on sale of subsidiary interests resulting from the sale of our entire equity interest in our majority-owned subsidiary, Dermavant, to Organon in October 2024, partially offset by Dermavant’s net losses. Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax was $58.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023, representing the financial results of Dermavant during this period. (Loss) income from continuing operations, net of tax Loss from continuing operations, net of tax was $208.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024, compared to income from continuing operations, net of tax of approximately $5.1 billion for the three months ended December 31, 2023. On a basic and diluted per common share basis, loss from continuing operations, net of tax was $0.22 for the three months ended December 31, 2024. On a basic and diluted per common share basis, income from continuing operations, net of tax was $6.44 and $6.10, respectively, for the three months ended December 31, 2023. Non-GAAP loss from continuing operations, net of tax was $143.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024, compared to $138.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023. Notes to non-GAAP financial measures: (1) Represents non-cash share-based compensation expense. (2) Represents non-cash depreciation and amortization expense. (3) Represents a one-time gain on the sale of Telavant net assets to Roche in December 2023 and a gain on the achievement of a one-time milestone in June 2024. (4) Represents the unrealized loss (gain) on equity investments in unconsolidated entities that are accounted for at fair value with changes in value reported in earnings. (5) Represents the change in fair value of liability instruments, which is non-cash and primarily includes the unrealized (gain) loss relating to the measurement and recognition of fair value on a recurring basis of certain liabilities. (6) Represents the one-time gain on deconsolidation of subsidiaries. (7) Represents the estimated tax effect of the adjustments. Investor Conference Call InformationRoivant will host a live conference call and webcast at 8:00 a.m. ET on Monday, February 10, 2025, to report its financial results for the third quarter ended December 31, 2024, and provide a corporate update. To access the conference call by phone, please register online using this registration link. The presentation and webcast details will also be available under “Events & Presentations” in the Investors section of the Roivant website at https://investor.roivant.com/news-events/events. The archived webcast will be available on Roivant’s website after the conference call. About RoivantRoivant is a biopharmaceutical company that aims to improve the lives of patients by accelerating the development and commercialization of medicines that matter. Roivant’s pipeline includes IMVT-1402 and batoclimab, fully human monoclonal antibodies targeting FcRn in development across several IgG-mediated autoimmune indications; brepocitinib, a potent small molecule inhibitor of TYK2 and JAK1 in development for the treatment of dermatomyositis, non-infectious uveitis and cutaneous sarcoidosis; and mosliciguat, an inhaled sGC activator in development for pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease. We advance our pipeline by creating nimble subsidiaries or “Vants” to develop and commercialize our medicines and technologies. Beyond therapeutics, Roivant also incubates discovery-stage companies and health technology startups complementary to its biopharmaceutical business. For more information, www.roivant.com. Roivant Forward-Looking StatementsThis press release contains forward-looking statements. Statements in this press release may include statements that are not historical facts and are considered forward-looking within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which are usually identified by the use of words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intends,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “would” and variations of such words or similar expressions. The words may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. We intend these forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding our or our management team’s expectations, hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future, and statements that are not historical facts, including statements about the clinical and therapeutic potential of our product candidates, the availability and success of topline results from our ongoing clinical trials and any commercial potential of our product candidates following applicable regulatory approvals. In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events, results or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from those contemplated in these statements due to a variety of risks, uncertainties and other factors. Although we believe that our plans, intentions, expectations and strategies as reflected in or suggested by those forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that the plans, intentions, expectations or strategies will be attained or achieved. Furthermore, actual results may differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements and will be affected by a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including, but not limited to, those risks set forth in the Risk Factors section of our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment in which new risks emerge from time to time. These forward-looking statements are based upon the current expectations and beliefs of our management as of the date of this press release, and are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. Except as required by applicable law, we assume no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Contacts: InvestorsKeyur Parekhkeyur.parekh@roivant.com MediaStephanie Leestephanie.lee@roivant.com Print Page Email Alerts RSS Feeds IR Contacts

声明：因水平有限，错误不可避免，或有些信息非最及时，欢迎留言指出。本文仅作医疗健康相关药物介绍，非治疗方案推荐（若涉及）;本文不构成任何投资建议。 2024年，全球医药研发领域经历了一系列令人瞩目的临床试验失败事件，这些失败不仅揭示了新药研发过程的复杂性和挑战，也促使制药企业重新审视其研发策略和临床试验设计。从慢性阻塞性肺病药物到帕金森病治疗药物，从肿瘤免疫疗法到基因疗法，多个领域的临床研究在历经长时间和大量资源投入后，未能达到其主要终点或关键次要终点。 本文汇总了2024年发生的110个重要临床试验失败案例，并对一些失败研究进行详细介绍，探讨失败的原因、影响及对未来新药研发的启示，以期提供参考和借鉴。 一月 1月5日，Theravance Biopharma宣布Yupelri（revfenacin）吸入溶液用于慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）维持治疗的IV期PIFR-2研究未达主要终点。Yupelri 是美国批准用于慢阻肺维持治疗的唯一每日一次的雾化长效毒蕈碱拮抗剂（LAMA）。 1月16日，Allakos宣布lirentelimab在治疗特应性皮炎患者的2期临床试验（ATLAS）和治疗慢性自发性荨麻疹患者的2b期临床试验（MAVERICK）中均未达主要终点。 1月22日，吉利德公布Trop2 ADC新药Trodelvy治疗非小细胞肺癌的三期临床EVOKE-01研究没有达到OS主要终点。EVOKE-01正在评估Trop2 ADC药物Trodelvy®（sacituzumab-govitecan-hziy；SG）与多西他赛在铂类化疗和检查点抑制剂治疗期间或之后进展的转移性或晚期NSCLC患者中的疗效。 1月29日，百时美施贵宝（BMS）宣布其PD-1抑制剂Opdivo在III期CheckMate-914研究的B部分中失败，对于术后存在高复发风险的局部肾细胞癌患者未带来显著的无病生存益处。 1月29号，来凯医药公布afuresertib联合紫杉醇治疗耐药卵巢癌（PROC）（PROFECTA-II）的顶线数据。试验结果表明，afuresertib联合紫杉醇治疗可以降低疾病展或死亡的风险（无进展生存期，PFS )，HR为0.744（95%CI:0.502-1.102），但试验结果不具有统计学意义。 二月 2月5日，亚虹医药发布公告宣布其产品APL1202与化疗灌注联合使用治疗化疗灌注复发的中高危非肌层浸润性膀胱癌（NMIBC）的随机、双盲、对照、多中心的关键性临床试验未达到主要研究终点，公司决定终止APL-1202与化疗灌注联合使用在该适应症的进一步开发。 2月7日，Gilead宣布终止CD47单抗magrolimab治疗急性髓性白血病（AML）的3期ENHANCE-3研究，FDA将所有magrolimab治疗骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）和急性髓性白血病的研究，包括相关的扩大准入项目置于全面临床搁置状态。这些决定是根据独立数据监测委员会的建议做出的，该委员会审查了ENHANCE-3总生存期（OS）中期分析计划的一线数据。在该分析中，magrolimab与阿扎胞苷和venetoclax联用显示出无治疗效果，并观察到死亡风险增加，主要是由感染和呼吸衰竭引起的。 2月8日，Synlogic公司宣布终止Synpheny-3研究，该研究是对labafenogene marselecobac (SYNB1934)作为苯丙酮尿症（PKU）的一种潜在治疗方法正在进行的Ⅲ期临床研究。SYNB1934是利用合成生物学改造的细菌菌株，具有降解苯丙氨酸的能力。终止Synpheny-3试验的决定是基于即将进行的独立数据监测委员会（DMC）评估前的内部审查结果，该结果表明该试验不太可能达到主要终点。 2月8日，阿斯利康在2023年全年业绩报告上公布因疗效不佳，决定终止抗IL-33单抗Tozorakimab联合达格列净治疗糖尿病肾病的IIb期临床研究（NCT04170543）。 2月12日，AN2 Therapeutics宣布自愿暂停无缝II/III期临床试验（EBO-301）中III期研究部分的患者入组，该试验旨在评估口服小分子细菌leucyl-tRNA合成酶抑制剂epetraborole治疗由鸟分枝杆菌复合体（MAC）引起的难治性肺病的疗效与安全性。在对正在进行的第二阶段研究进行盲法汇总分析后，发现疗效可能低于预期，因此决定自愿暂停试验。 2月12日，大冢制药公布了AVP-786（氘代右美沙芬+奎尼丁）治疗阿尔茨海默病痴呆相关激越的III期临床试验（NCT03393520）未达主要疗效终点。 2月13日，Roivant Sciences在财报中披露终止开发SF3B1调节剂RVT-2001用于治疗骨髓增生异常综合征的临床I/II期试验，原因是期中分析结果后有效性不及预期。 2月16日，Denali Therapeutics在SEC文件中透露，DNL788（SAR443820）治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）的II期HIMALAYA研究未能达到显著改善修订版ALS功能评定量表（ALSFRS-R）评分的主要终点。受此消息影响，Denali的股价下跌了近8%。 三月 3月4日，Vivoryon Therapeutics公布了口服谷氨酰胺酰环化酶（QPCT）抑制剂varoglutamstat（PQ912）治疗早期阿尔茨海默病（AD）IIb期VIVIAD研究的初步结果。结果显示，VIVIAD研究未达到其主要终点，也未显示出认知能力随时间推移而发生变化的显著统计学差异。此外，该研究未达到测量认知能力、日常生活活动工具问卷和脑电图 全局θ功率的关键次要终点。 3月7日，MacroGenics在2023年财报中透露因IMGC936在针对晚期恶性实体瘤的I/II期临床试验中未达到预期内的安全性和有效性目标，将终止该药物的开发。IMGC-936是由MacroGenics原研，后与ImmunoGen（现已被艾伯维收购）合作开发的一款ADAM9 ADC药物。 3月8日，Amylyx Pharmaceuticals公布AMX0035治疗肌萎缩性侧索硬化症（ALS）三期临床PHOENIX的顶线数据，研究没有达到主要终点和次要终点。Amylyx将与监管进行沟通，包括自愿撤市的计划。 3月11日，Acadia Pharmaceuticals公布Pimavanserin治疗精神分裂阴性症状三期临床ADVANCE-2的最新研究结果未达主要终点。研究的主要终点为NSA-16总分从基线到第26周的变化，治疗组和安慰机组26周NSA-16评分分别为-11.8 vs -11.1%，结果不具有统计学意义。安全性和耐受性与之前的临床试验一致，不良事件发生率较低。 3月21日，罗氏合作伙伴Chugai制药（中外制药）公布了Enspryng（萨特利珠单抗）治疗全身型重症肌无力（gMG）的III期LUMINESCE研究结果。虽在其主要终点观察到具有统计学意义的数据，但结果没有达到对临床获益程度的预期。 3月21日，默沙东宣布其PD-1疗法Keytruda联合维持性PARP抑制剂Lynparza（奥拉帕利）一线治疗某些转移性非鳞状非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者的III期KEYLYNK-006试验未达到总生存期（OS）和无进展生存期（PFS）的双重主要终点。 3月28日，BMS宣布1-磷酸鞘氨醇 (S1P) 受体口服小分子调节剂 Zeposia（ozanimod），治疗中重度活动性克罗恩病患者的安慰剂对照临床III期试验YELLOWSTONE研究失败，在第12周未达到临床缓解的主要终点。 四月 4月1日，Gritstone bio宣布其个性化癌症疫苗GRANITE在一线转移性微卫星稳定结直肠癌（MSS-CRC）中正在进行的II/III期研究的II期部分的数据。总体来说，该癌症疫苗未能触发循环肿瘤DNA（ctDNA）的变化，导致II期试验未达主要终点。 4月4日，eFFECTOR Therapeutics公布了tomivosertib的一项随机、安慰剂对照II期KICKSTART研究的主要分析结果。基于分层对数秩检验，PFS双侧P值为0.21，未达到p≤0.2的预设阈值。Tomivosertib组的中位生存期为13.0周，安慰剂组的中位生存期为11.7周。总生存期结果仍不成熟，但没有观察到有利于tomivosertib的趋势。 4月15日，Marius Pharmaceuticals公布静脉注射ganaxolone（加奈索隆）治疗难治性癫痫持续状态（RSE）的三期临床RAISE最新数据，此次中期分析未达到预设的终止标准。IDMC建议临床试验继续，Marinus决定完成RAISE试验约100例患者的入组工作，预计在今年夏季得出顶线结果，结果出来后决定是否继续开发。 4月17日，Sage Therapeutics宣布一项针对帕金森病 (PD) 轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 患者的研究性口服药物dalzanemdor (SAGE-718) 的双盲、安慰剂对照2期研究PRECEDENT研究的初步结果未达到主要终点，即在第42天时接受每日一次dalzanemdor治疗的患者与接受安慰剂治疗的患者在WAIS-IV编码测试得分方面与基线相比不存在显著统计学差异。Dalzanemdor (SAGE-718)的耐受性总体良好，没有发现新的安全信号。 4月18日，Biosplice Therapeutics宣布CLK/DYRK激酶抑制剂lorecivivint治疗膝骨关节炎的III期试验OA-21短期疼痛研究未达到第12周疼痛减轻的主要终点。Biosplice目前正在分析这些初步的OA-21试验结果。 五月 5月6日，Lyra Therapeutics的核心管线LYR-210在治疗慢性鼻窦炎（CRS）的3期研究中未能达到临床主要终点。后续，Lyra公司宣布，将裁撤管线、停止制造和商业化活动、裁员75%等措施来削减成本以节省资金，保证资金继续推动LYR-210的3期研究和公司运营。 5月6日，GlycoMimetics宣布其主要候选产品uproleselan，在与化疗联合治疗成人复发或难治性急性髓系白血病（R/R AML）的III期研究中未达到总生存期（OS）主要终点。结果显示，与单独化疗相比，uproleselan联合化疗组的OS并没有统计学意义的显著改善。 5月10日，百时美施贵宝（BMS）宣布纳武利尤单抗（Opdivo，O药）治疗不可切除的局部晚期III期NSCLC患者的III期CheckMate-73L研究未达到主要终点。 5月13日，默沙东宣布终止3期KeyVibe-010试验中的抗TIGIT药物vibostolimab 和抗PD-1pembrolizumab（帕博利珠单抗） 联合制剂组治疗皮肤癌的后期试验，由于免疫副作用导致大量患者退出。该试验正在评估vibostolimab和帕博利珠单抗的研究组合，与单独使用帕博利珠单抗相比，作为切除的高风险黑色素瘤(ⅡB -Ⅳ期)患者的辅助治疗。 5月13日，盐野义公布新冠口服药Ensitrelvir三期临床最新数据，研究没有达到主要终点治疗到持续症状缓解的时间，尽管数据有所降低，但没有达到统计学显著性差异。盐野义将继续与监管层沟通。 5月28日，康宁杰瑞宣布在未接受系统性治疗的不可切除局部晚期或转移性胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)患者中，评估其自主研发的PD-L1/CTLA-4双特异性抗体KN046联合白蛋白紫杉醇及吉西他滨对比安慰剂联合白蛋白紫杉醇及吉西他滨的疗效及安全性的III期KN046-303研究已经达到预设的死亡事件数，总生存期(OS)结果未达到预设的统计学终点。 5月30日，吉利德公布Trop2 ADC治疗晚期尿路上皮癌（mUC）三期临床TROPiCS-04的最新数据，研究没有达到OS主要终点，此外，试验还发现，Trodelvy与更多的早期死亡病例相关，主要由于中性粒细胞减少导致的副作用。吉利德正在进一步分析数据，并将与FDA讨论。 六月 6月12日，辉瑞宣布其杜氏肌营养不良症基因疗法PF-06939926治疗杜氏肌营养不良症（DMD）的III期临床CIFFREO失败，与安慰剂相比，PF-06939926在III期试验中未达到主要和关键次要终点。 6月17日，武田公布了其同类首创的强效选择性胆固醇24-羟化酶 (CH24H) 抑制剂Soticlestat (TAK-935)的SKYLINE和SKYWAY研究的顶线数据。SKYWAY (TAK-935-3002)3期研究评估了 Soticlestat 联合标准治疗与安慰剂联合标准治疗对难治性Lennox-Gastaut综合征 (LGS)患者的疗效。与安慰剂相比，Soticlestat未能达到降低严重运动减退性癫痫发作频率的主要终点。 6月17日，Marinus Pharmaceuticals宣布了3期双盲、随机、安慰剂对照RAISE试验（NCT04391569）的初步结果仅达到了两个关键终点中的一个。公司将继续分析RAISE的全部数据集，并计划与美国FDA接触，讨论静脉注射加奈索隆治疗RSE的潜在发展方向。 6月18日，阿斯利康宣布其首创AKT抑制剂Truqap（capivasertib）与紫杉醇联合治疗局部晚期（无法手术）或转移性三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）患者的CAPItello-290 III期试验未达到双重主要终点，即在整个试验人群或肿瘤携带特定生物标志物改变（PIK3CA、AKT1或PTEN）的亚组患者中，总生存期（OS）与紫杉醇联合安慰剂相比均有所改善。在CAPItello-290中，Truqap与紫杉醇联用的安全性与每种药物的已知安全性基本一致，没有发现新的安全性问题。 6月20日，Jazz制药公布了T型钙通道调节剂suvecaltamide（JZP385）在成人原发性震颤（ET）患者中的IIb期临床试验（NCT05122650）主要结果，与安慰剂相比，30mg suvecaltamide在主要终点（原发性震颤分级评估量表（TETRAS）改良综合结局评分从基线到第12周的变化）和次要终点（临床总体印象-严重程度量表（CGI-S）评分）上，没有达到统计学意义。 6月24日，德国默克宣布终止TrilynX III期随机研究，该研究评估了口服的凋亡抑制蛋白（IAPs）拮抗剂xevinapant联合化放疗（CRT）治疗未切除的局部晚期头颈部鳞状细胞癌（LA SCCHN）患者的效果。该决定是在该研究的独立数据监控委员会进行了预先计划的中期分析后做出的，该委员会认为该试验不太可能达到延长无事件生存期的主要目标。消息发布后，德国默克股价下跌8%。 6月24日，G1 Therapeutics公布了其3期PRESERVE 2试验的最终OS分析结果，该试验评估了CDK4/6抑制剂曲拉西利（trilaciclib）在转移性三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）患者化疗（吉西他滨和卡铂；GCb）前给药的疗效和安全性，该研究未显示出具有统计学意义的治疗效果。 七月 7月4日，罗氏宣布II/III期SKYSCRAPER-06研究未达到主要终点，该研究旨在评估tiragolumab+Tecentriq (atezolizumab)+化疗 vs. pembrolizumab+化疗一线治疗局部晚期不可切除或转移性非鳞状非小细胞肺癌患者。该研究的主要终点无进展生存期（PFS）的风险比（HR）为1. 27（95%CI：1.02,1.57），总生存期（OS）的HR为1.33（95%CI：1.02,1.73）。 7月8日，HilleVax公司公布了NEST-IN1的初步数据结果未达主要终点。受此消息影响，Hillevax当天股价大跌88%。 7月12日，据clinicaltrials.gov网站显示，礼来终止了BTLA单抗LY3361237治疗中度活动型系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）的一项II期研究（NCT05123586），原因为缺乏疗效。 7月18日，AVEO Oncology宣布其口服的下一代血管内皮生长因子受体 (VEGFR) 酪氨酸激酶抑制剂 (TKI) Tivozanib（商品名：Fotivda）联合纳武利尤单抗（O药）二线/三线治疗晚期转移性肾细胞癌（RCC）患者的III期TiNivo-2研究未达到主要终点。试验的主要结果是无进展生存期，次要终点包括总生存期、总缓解率、缓解持续时间和安全性。 7月24日，Sage Therapeutics和Biogen宣布了口服研究药物SAGE-324 (BIIB124)治疗特发性震颤（ET）的KINETIC 2 2期剂量范围研究未达主要终点。SAGE-324是一款在研口服神经活性类固醇（NAS）GABAA 受体正性异位调节剂（PAM）。 7月29日，Ventyx Biosciences宣布，其变构TYK2抑制剂VTX958在中度至重度活动性克罗恩病患者进行的II期研究未达主要终点。Ventyx计划对现有数据进行进一步分析，并且不打算推进额外的临床试验。 八月 8月1日，Agios Pharmaceuticals公布了全球3期ACTIVATE-KidsT研究的初步结果未达主要终点，该研究针对1至18岁患有PK缺乏症且定期输血的儿童进行了Pyrukynd (mitapivat)治疗。 8月8日，礼来公司第二季度业绩电话会议上，首席科学官Daniel Skovronsky 透露口服抗 tau 药物LY3372689（一种 O-GlcNAcase (OGA) 抑制剂）在治疗早期症状性阿尔茨海默病的2 期研究中失败。试验组所有剂量与安慰剂相比均未达到首要终点，即预设的综合阿尔茨海默病评定量表 (iADRS) 较基线的变化。 8月21日，LEO Pharma 旗下公司Timber Pharmaceuticals公布了异维A酸外用软膏配方TMB-001治疗中重度先天性鱼鳞病患者的为期12周的3期ASCEND研究结果未达到所有主要和次要终点。与安慰剂相比，对TMB-001治疗有反应的中重度先天性鱼鳞病患者的比例没有统计学意义上的显著差异。 8月29日，Merck宣布终止抗PD-1单抗帕博利珠单抗（Keytruda）两项3期试验 KEYNOTE-867和 KEYNOTE-630。KEYNOTE-867（NCT03924869)研究中，Keytruda联合SBRT与安慰剂联合SBRT相比，在无事件生存期（EFS）或总生存期（OS）（分别为研究的主要终点和关键次要终点）方面均未显示出改善；KEYNOTE-630 (NCT03833167)研究中，Keytruda在主要终点RFS方面未达到统计学显著性。目前该研究的关键次要终点OS尚未正式得出，但已有分析结果显示Keytruda并不优于安慰剂。 九月 9月3日，Athira Pharma宣布了其fosgonimeton在轻度至中度阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 患者中的II/III期LIFT-AD临床试验的顶线结果。与安慰剂相比，该试验的主要终点全球统计检验（GST）评分及其关键次要终点ADAS-Cog11和ADCS-ADL23评分在26周时均未达到统计学意义。 9月8日，阿斯利康公布了其抗IL-33单克隆抗体tozorakimab在慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）的2a期FRONTIER-4研究结果。该研究未能达到改善支气管扩张剂前的用力呼气量（FEV）（即患者用力呼气时所能呼出的空气量）这一主要终点。 9月11日，GSK宣布将停止其单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）疫苗GSK3943104的研发，该疫苗未通过TH HSV REC-003研究，未达有效性主要终点，后续不会进入3期研究。TH HSV REC-003试验是一项联合阶段I/II期概念验证研究，以评估GSK3943104的潜在临床有效性。 9月12日，Neurocrine Biosciences宣布其在研化合物luvadaxistat (NBI-1065844) 的ERUDITE II期临床研究未能达到其作为改善精神分裂症患者认知障碍的潜在治疗方法的主要终点。 9月12日，Fulcrum Therapeutics宣布losmapimod治疗面肩肱型肌营养不良症（FSHD）的III期REACH试验未能达到主要终点。此外，次要终点也没有统计学意义。losmapimod的安全性和耐受性与之前报告的研究结果一致。 9月13日，Atea Pharmaceuticals宣布了评估口服核苷酸聚合酶抑制剂bemnifosbuvir与安慰剂治疗COVID-19的全球III期SUNRISE-3试验未达到主要终点，即在2221名轻度至中度COVID-19高危患者组成的单药治疗队列中，到第29天全因住院或死亡人数的减少具有统计学意义。在SUNRISE-3研究中，bemnifosbuvir总体上安全且耐受性良好。 9月23日，阿斯利康和第一三共共同宣布TROP2 ADC德达博妥单抗（Dato-DXd）二/三线治疗HER2低表达或阴性乳腺癌患者的III期TROPION-Breast01研究未达到总生存期（OS）的主要终点。 9月25日，默沙东宣布，其PD-1抑制剂Keytruda与抗LAG-3抗体favezelimab的联合疗法，在一项针对微卫星稳定（MSS）转移性结直肠癌（mCRC）患者的临床III期试验（KEYFORM-007）中未能显著改善总生存期（OS）。 十月 10月8日，Sage Therapeutics宣布其在研NMDA受体正向变构调节剂 Dalzanemdor治疗阿尔茨海默病（AD）的II 期LIGHTWAVE研究未达到主要终点。 10月14日，Transgene公布了其治疗性癌症疫苗Tipapkinogen sovacivec（TG4001）最新的2期临床研究结果，与PD-L1抑制剂阿维鲁单抗（Avelumab）联用治疗HPV16阳性宫颈和肛门生殖器肿瘤未达到主要终点（改善无进展生存期）。 10月22日，Alto Neuroscience发布其在研疗法ALTO-100治疗重度抑郁症（Major depressive disorder）Ⅱb期研究未达到其主要终点。该临床试验结果的公布使得Alto股价在周二晚间的盘后交易中下跌了76%，市值也仅剩1.2亿美金。 10月29日，Spero Therapeutics宣布其在研非结核分枝杆菌肺病小分子治疗药物候选抗生素SPR720（Fobrepodacin）的Ⅱa期研究的中期分析未达到主要终点。公司暂停该项目，内部重组裁员约39%。 十一月 11月12日，Syros Pharmaceuticals公司宣布，tamibarotene治疗新诊断RARA基因过表达高危骨髓增生异常综合征患者的III期临床SELECT-MDS-1未能达到主要终点，与对照组相比，Tamibarotene+Azacitidine联合疗法未能显著提高某些MDS患者的完全缓解率。 11月12日，艾伯维宣布其用于治疗精神分裂症的M4激动剂Emraclidine在两项名为EMPOWER-1和EMPOWER-2的临床二期试验中，未达到其主要终点。受此消息的影响，艾伯维股价大跌超12%，市值蒸发约400亿美元。 11月15日，眼科公司Eyenovia宣布验证MicroPine（阿托品局部微量制剂）延缓儿童近视进展效果的III期CHAPERONE研究未达到主要终点（3年内视力进展低于0.5屈光度）。Eyenovia计划终止这项研究，更彻底地审查数据，并评估下一步工作。受此消息影响，Eyenovia股价下跌了70%。 11月24日，天士力医药集团股份有限公司宣布：因临床试验结果不达预期，其间接控股子公司赛远生物安美木单抗项目临床试验暂停，目前该试验处于II期临床阶段，并对开发支出余额1.62亿元全额计提资产减值准备。 11月25日，Cassava Sciences宣布Simufilam治疗轻度至中度阿尔茨海默病（AD）的III期ReThink-ALZ研究未达到预先指定的双重主要终点以及次要终点和探索性生物标志物终点。受此消息影响，Cassava Sciences的股价当日下跌了84%。 2024年11月26日，罗氏宣布其TIGIT抗体tiragolumab在3期 SKYSCRAPER-01研究中的最新进展，该研究评估了Tiragolumab联合 Tecentriq与单独使用Tecentriq对 PD-L1 高表达、局部晚期或转移性非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 患者的疗效，该研究在最终分析时没有达到总生存率的主要终点。 十二月 12月3日，Roivant 旗下Kinevant Sciences 公司公告其核心资产namilumab用于结节病的中期临床试验失败，将终止开发。该研究主要终点和次要终点均没有达到。 12月4日，Relmada Therapeutics报告称REL-1017治疗重度抑郁症的3期 Reliance II 试验不太可能达到疗效目标。公司将重新评估数据，同时继续推进治疗代谢性疾病的 REL-P11项目。 12月7日，微芯生物公告其在研新药西奥罗尼胶囊单药治疗三线及以上小细胞肺癌Ⅲ期临床试验结果，在经过广泛抗肿瘤免疫治疗后的总体人群中，虽然西奥罗尼中位PFS（无进展生存期）显著延长，降低疾病进展风险70%以上，但在另一主要终点mOS（中位总生存期）上，与安慰剂组相比不具显著差异。 12月11日，Corcept Therapeutics发布了Dazucorilant治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）2期临床试验DAZALS的研究结果。DAZALS未达到其主要终点，即与接受安慰剂的患者相比，接受Dazucorilant治疗的患者在ALS功能评分量表-修订版（ALSFRS-R）中的变化。 2024年12月16日，UCB宣布，与诺华合作开发的 minzasolmin（一种研究性口服小分子 α-突触核蛋白错误折叠抑制剂）的 ORCHESTRA 帕金森病概念验证研究未达到其主要和次要临床终点。 12月19日，罗氏宣布了IIb期PADOVA研究的结果，该临床研究α-突触核蛋白（α-Syn）单抗 prasinezumab 在586名早期帕金森病患者中的疗效，这些患者接受了至少18个月的稳定症状治疗。Prasinezumab 在主要终点“确认运动进展时间”方面显示出潜在的临床疗效，HR=0.84 [0.69-1.01]，p=0.0657，未达到统计学显著性。 2024年12月20日，Galectin Therapeutics 宣布其代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎（MASH）新药Belapectin的III期NAVIGATE研究顶线结果。结果显示，试验组未显示出具有统计学意义的临床获益，未达主要终点。 总结 2024年失败的临床研究中，53个为III期研究，27个为II期研究，8个为IIb期研究，5个为I/II期研究，5个为II/III期研究，4个为IIa期研究，2个为I期研究，1个为I/IIb期研究，1个为II/IIb期研究，1个为IV期研究。由此可见III期临床研究失败率最高，特别是在肿瘤领域，由于药物的特殊性以及对疗效和安全性的严格要求，III期临床研究的失败率可能会更高。例如，有数据显示在III期临床开发与监管申请递交之间，肿瘤临床研究的失败率为48%，明显高于非肿瘤临床研究的29%。 导致III期临床研究失败的原因多种多样，主要包括无法达到预期的疗效终点、严重的不良反应事件、疗效不佳等，基础研究不足、临床研究设计缺陷、剂量选择不当、数据收集和分析问题以及操作执行问题等，也可能导致III期临床研究失败。即使临床试验失利的消息频传，实际上能够挺进临床环节的分子已是百里挑一。我们仍要保持积极态度看待，毕竟新药研发之路处处存在反转，只要一息尚存，就有赢的可能。 参考资料：各公司公告