Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that is frequently associated with metabolic features, including obesity. Improvement of metabolic manifestations helps in the control of symptoms, including subfertility. Metformin has been commonly used to decrease insulin resistance and weight in PCOS patients suffering from obesity. Glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) agonist semaglutide is also effective in managing different metabolic features, including obesity and insulin resistance. There is limited data about using a combination of semaglutide and metformin in women with PCOS suffering from obesity. This study aims to compare the metabolic changes after giving a combination of low-dose semaglutide and metformin vs. metformin alone over 12 weeks among women with PCOS and obesity. This open label randomized trial will be conducted in the Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). After obtaining informed written consent, a total of 30 patients with PCOS and obesity will be enrolled conveniently (sampling) in the study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria from the outdoor, indoor, and PCOS clinic, Endocrinology, BSMMU. Study participants will be divided into two groups randomly by a computerized random number generator (allocation). One study arm will be treated with low-dose subcutaneous semaglutide (0.25 mg/week for 4 weeks followed by 0.5mg per week for 12 weeks) in combination with metformin (500 mg bid). Another study arm will receive monotherapy with metformin (500 mg bid) for treatment. Both arms will receive standard unified lifestyle advices. Patients will be followed every four weeks for clinical data for up to twelve weeks. Laboratory tests will be done at baseline and the final follow-up in an 8 - 12 hours of fasting state. Two mL of blood will be used to measure glucose using the glucose oxidase method on the same day of sample collection. The remaining three mL of blood will be centrifuged, the serum will be separated and analyzed for insulin, TT, SHBG, ALT and lipid profiles on the same day. All the clinical and biochemical information will be documented in a pretested, semi-structured case record form. Recorded data will be entered, edited, and analyzed by SPSS software version 25.0. Data will be expressed as frequencies & percentages (%) for qualitative values and mean & standard deviation (±SD) or median & inter-quartile range (IQR) for quantitative values depending on their distribution. Kaplan Meier Curve will be used to show the comparison between primary outcomes. For quantitative variables, a comparison between two groups will be done using Mann-Whitney U test, and within a group, a paired t-test or Wilcoxon test will be used. For qualitative variables, a comparison between two groups will be tested using Pearson's chi-square test and within the group by the McNemar test. Regression Analysis will be done to correlate between treatment and outcome. Any p-value below 0.05 will be considered statistically significant. Confidentiality will be strictly maintained. Informed written consent will be taken from patients.

This study will compare the performance of self-collected vaginal swabs, transported without liquid media (dry swabs) and self-collected vaginal swabs, transported in liquid media (wet swabs) for detection of hrHPV DNA LBC as the reference standard.

Breast cancer is a leading cancer among Bangladeshi female. For breast cancer, there are different available treatment options according to the stage of disease. One of the important ones is radiotherapy (RT). Various side effects can occur during and after RT. Among the late side effects, numerous cardiac and pulmonary problems are significant specially in case of left sided breast cancer. In such cases, patients are being cured from cancer but the treatment itself endangering patients' general health and wellbeing by increasing risk of future life threatening cardiac and pulmonary diseases. Studies from around the world have shown that, during RT of left sided breast cancer, holding the breath for certain time after deep inspiration can reduce the radiation doses to heart and left lung without compromising doses to the chest wall. As a result, they can avoid the extra risk of treatment related late toxicities. This study will look at the utility and efficacy of Deep Inspiration Breath Hold (DIBH) RT over free breathing (FB) RT in reducing the heart and left lung doses without compromising the dose to the target volumes in left sided post mastectomy breast cancer patient, which is the main objective of this study.