To investigate the mol. mechanisms of Buxueyimu pills (BYP) on postpartum abdominal pain (PAP) through network pharmacol. and exptl. validation, we filtered the main active components of BYP using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacol. Database and Anal. (TCMSP), Symptom Mapping (SymMap), Bioinformatics Anal. Tool for Mol. Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine (BATMAN-TCM) database, and Pharmacopoeia of the People′s Republic of China (ChP).The targets related to PAP were obtained from Genecards, and an intersection of genes was discovered.Subsequently, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using Cytoscape 3.9.0 and the String database.In addition, Gene Ontol. (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to analyze the intersection of targets using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) 6.8.We constructed a compound-target (C-T) network based on the above anal.Animal experiments were performed to verify the core targets, and immunohistochem. was used to detect protein expression in incomplete abortion rats.Network pharmacol. anal. suggested that 40 potentially active ingredients in BYP might affect 40 potential disease-related targets, such as ESR1, PGR, and MMP2, and regulate pathways, such as the HIF-1 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and Estrogen signaling pathway.According to immunohistochem., the protein expression levels of ERα, PR and MMP2 in the model rats were significantly increased (P < 0.01).After administration of BYP, the expression level of PR was increased (P < 0.01), and the expression levels of ERα nd MMP2 were decreased significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).BYP could treat PAP through a multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway approach, regulating estrogen and progesterone receptors and improving collagen metabolism, thereby promoting postpartum uterine recovery.