Cabotegravir sodium

微信公众号机制调整，请点击顶部“IVD新视野” →右上方“…” →设为★星标，否则很可能无法看到我们的推送。 资料来源于互联网，由IVD新视野使用AI进行整理汇总，转载请注明来源 新建一IVD行业报告知识库，目前已经有578篇行业报告，后续会持续更新，可以接入workbuddy，使用AI agent+skills提炼你需要的关键信息。如果有需要的站内联系摘要 人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染至今仍是全球公共卫生领域的重大挑战。据UNAIDS数据，2023年全球约有3990万人感染HIV，新发感染130万例，63万人死于艾滋病相关疾病。本文基于8份IVD与传染病诊断行业报告，系统梳理HIV的全球流行病学特征、诊断技术演进、治疗药物市场、自检与POC检测发展，以及主要企业的竞争格局。研究显示，全球HIV诊断与治疗市场2022年估值约288亿美元，预计2028年增至393亿美元；其中抗逆转录病毒药物占据主导地位，而即时检测（POC）和自检试剂盒正成为诊断端的核心增长驱动力。一、引言：HIV/AIDS的全球公共卫生挑战 自1981年美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）首次报告艾滋病相关死亡病例以来，HIV感染人数在全球范围内呈指数级增长[2]。2022年，全球约有 3900万人 感染HIV，其中三分之二（2560万人）集中在WHO非洲区域[2]。尽管医学界在抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）方面取得了长足进展，HIV感染仍是一项不可治愈但可管理的慢性疾病[2]。 WHO提出了"95-95-95"目标：到2025年95%的HIV感染者应获得诊断，95% 的确诊者应接受抗逆转录病毒治疗，95%的治疗者应实现病毒抑制[2]。然而2022年的实际数据分别为86%、89%和93%，诊断和治疗覆盖率仍存在明显差距[2]。这一差距为HIV诊断市场的发展提供了持续动力。 2023年，全球约有130万人新感染HIV，约63万人死于艾滋病相关疾病[3]。全球HIV、病毒性肝炎和性传播感染的负担每年造成250万人死亡，凸显了传染病防控体系的紧迫性[3]。二、流行病学特征：疾病负担的全球分布2.1 全球感染现状 根据UNAIDS 2025年流行病学估计，全球HIV感染呈现高度集中的地理分布特征。表1呈现了各地区的感染人数、新发感染和死亡数据。 表1 全球HIV感染分布（2023年） 地区 HIV感染者人数 新发感染人数 艾滋病相关死亡人数 全球合计 40.8百万 1.3百万 0.63百万 东非和南部非洲 21.1百万 0.49百万 0.26百万 亚太地区 6.9百万 0.3百万 0.15百万 西非和中非 5.2百万 0.16百万 0.12百万 拉丁美洲 2.5百万 0.12百万 0.02百万 西欧、中欧和北美 2.4百万 0.06百万 0.009百万 东欧和中亚 2.1百万 0.13百万 0.04百万 中东和北非 0.24百万 0.02百万 0.07百万 数据来源：UNAIDS 2025流行病学估计 [3] 从表1可以看出，东非和南部非洲地区承载着最沉重的HIV负担，该地区感染者占全球总数的 51.7%，新发感染占37.7%，死亡占41.3%[3]。亚太地区紧随其后，感染者占全球的16.9%[3]。2.2 历史趋势 表2呈现了2010年至2022年全球及各WHO区域的HIV感染者人数变化趋势。全球感染者人数从2010年的3150万增长至2022年的3900万，增幅达 23.8%[2]。 表2 全球HIV感染者人数按WHO区域分布（2010-2022年） WHO区域 2010年 2021年 2022年 全球合计 31.5百万 38.7百万 39.0百万 非洲区域 21.5百万 25.5百万 25.6百万 美洲区域 2.7百万 3.7百万 3.8百万 东南亚区域 4.1百万 3.9百万 3.9百万 欧洲区域 1.6百万 2.9百万 3.0百万 东地中海区域 0.24百万 0.46百万 0.49百万 西太平洋区域 1.4百万 2.2百万 2.2百万 数据来源：UNAIDS/WHO 2022 [2] 值得注意的是，欧洲区域的HIV感染者人数在12年间几乎翻倍，从160万增长至300万[2]。东地中海区域增幅更为显著，从24万增至49万[2]。相比之下，东南亚区域的人数略有下降，反映了该地区防控措施的成效。2.3 HIV与结核病的协同负担 HIV与结核病（TB）的共感染问题不容忽视。结核病是HIV感染者死亡的首要原因，每三位HIV患者中就有一人死于结核病[5]。HIV阳性者发展为活动性结核病的风险是普通人群的 20至30倍[5]。这一关联性使得HIV/TB联合检测成为高负担地区的优先策略。三、诊断技术演进：从抗体检测到分子诊断3.1 诊断技术格局 HIV诊断市场按检测类型分为筛查检测（快速检测、ELISA、抗原/抗体联合检测）和确认检测（Western blot、免疫印迹、核酸检测）[1]。此外，监测检测包括病毒载量检测和CD4细胞计数，用于评估疾病进展和治疗效果[1]。 表3汇总了主要HIV诊断产品及其市场价格。快速检测产品价格相对亲民，而病毒载量检测平台成本较高。 表3 主要HIV诊断产品及价格（2023年） 制造商 产品类型 产品名称 价格（美元） OraSure Technologies（美国） 快速检测试剂盒 OraQuick 30-35 丹纳赫（美国） 检测试剂盒 Access HIV Ag/Ab Combo Assay 10-15 Bio-Rad Laboratories（美国） ELISA检测试剂盒 GS HIV Combo Ag/Ab EIA 50-55 丹纳赫（美国） 病毒载量检测试剂盒 Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load 1,500-1,700 数据来源：MarketsandMarkets [1]3.2 HIV检测技术的发展历程 HIV诊断技术经历了从第一代到第四代的演进。1985年，FDA批准了首个商业化血液检测ELISA用于HIV筛查[2]。1994年，FDA批准了首个口腔HIV检测，成为首个非血液HIV检测[2]。2002年，首个快速HIV检测获批，准确率达 99.6%，20分钟内即可出结果[2]。 第四代HIV检测可同时检测HIV-1/HIV-2抗体和p24抗原，将窗口期缩短至感染后 2-3周[2][6]。近年来，核酸检测（NAT）技术的普及使得病毒载量监测成为治疗效果评估的金标准。表4列出了2022-2024年间获批的主要HIV核酸检测产品。 表4 近年获批的主要HIV核酸检测产品 获批年份 检测类型 产品名称 认证状态 制造商 2024 HIV NAT Accupower HIV-1 Quantitative RT-PCR RoW认证 Bioneer Corp. 2024 HIV NAT Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load XC CE认证 Cepheid AB 2024 HIV NAT Alinity m HIV-1 CE认证 Abbott Molecular Inc. 2024 HIV NAT Xpert HIV-1 Qual XC CE认证 Cepheid AB 2023 HIV NAT Cobas HIV-1/HIV-2定性检测 CE认证 Roche Molecular Systems 2023 HIV NAT Samba II HIV-1 Qual全血检测 CE认证 Diagnostics for Real World 2022 HIV NAT Cobas HIV-1核酸检测（4800系统） CE认证 Roche Diagnostics 2022 HIV快速检测 Panbio HIV Verification Test RoW认证 Abbott Rapid Diagnostics 数据来源：BCC Research [5]3.3 分子诊断与POC检测 分子诊断技术在HIV领域的作用日益突出。MarketsandMarkets的传染病诊断市场报告显示，HIV是传染病诊断市场中价值最高的疾病细分领域之一，2025年市场规模约 35.8亿美元，预计2030年增至 50.4亿美元[3]。 表5 全球传染病诊断市场按疾病类型细分（2025年 vs 2030年，百万美元） 疾病类型 2025年 2030年 肝炎 4,450.6 7,982.2 蚊媒传播疾病 2,971.1 6,747.1 院内感染 3,489.0 6,004.2 HIV 3,580.1 5,040.7 HPV 2,267.7 4,264.2 沙眼衣原体 1,561.3 2,559.6 淋病奈瑟菌 1,326.3 2,118.6 流感 1,216.8 1,892.3 结核病 1,211.0 1,626.8 梅毒 836.3 1,156.2 数据来源：MarketsandMarkets [3] 即时检测（POC）的发展使HIV检测从中心化实验室向基层医疗场景延伸。2024年，Cepheid公司的 Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load XC 获CE认证，该平台可在资源有限环境中实现病毒载量监测[5]。Abbott公司推出的m-PIMA HIV-1/2VL即时检测平台也已在多国部署[2]。四、治疗药物市场：ART药物格局与演进4.1 全球HIV诊断与治疗市场总览 根据BCC Research的报告，全球HIV诊断与治疗市场2022年估值 288亿美元，预计以 5.3% 的复合年增长率增长，2028年达到 393亿美元[2]。表6按药物类别呈现了市场的细分构成。 表6 全球HIV诊断与治疗市场按药物类别细分（2020-2028年，百万美元） 药物类别 2020年 2021年 2022年 2023年 2028年 CAGR (2023-2028) 单片复方制剂（STR FDC） 9,670.9 10,183.4 10,723.2 11,261.1 14,932.5 5.8% 核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂（NRTI） 7,539.1 7,938.7 8,359.5 8,863.2 11,002.9 4.4% 整合酶链转移抑制剂（INSTI） 4,315.5 4,544.2 4,785.1 4,947.6 6,680.3 6.2% 蛋白酶抑制剂（PI） 2,755.7 2,901.7 3,055.5 3,217.5 4,086.8 4.9% 非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂（NNRTI） 1,715.8 1,806.7 1,902.5 2,064.0 2,593.5 4.7%合计25,997.027,374.828,825.730,353.539,296.25.3% 数据来源：BCC Research [2] 单片复方制剂（STR FDC）是HIV治疗市场的最大细分领域，2022年占市场总额的 37.2%[2]。这类药物将多种抗逆转录病毒成分合并为单一药片，显著提高了患者的依从性。首个STR FDC药物Atripla的获批标志着HIV治疗从多药联合向简化方案的重大转变[2]。4.2 区域市场分布 表7呈现了全球HIV诊断与治疗市场的区域分布。北美占据绝对主导地位，2022年市场份额超过 60%[2]。 表7 全球HIV诊断与治疗市场按区域细分（2020-2028年，百万美元） 区域 2020年 2021年 2022年 2023年 2028年 CAGR (2023-2028) 北美 15,598.2 16,424.9 17,295.4 17,908.5 23,577.7 5.7% 欧洲 5,199.4 5,475.0 5,765.1 6,374.2 7,859.2 4.3% 亚太 3,379.6 3,558.7 3,747.3 3,642.4 5,108.5 7.0% 其他地区 1,819.8 1,916.2 2,017.8 2,428.3 2,750.7 2.5%合计25,997.027,374.828,825.730,353.539,296.25.3% 数据来源：BCC Research [2] 亚太地区以 7.0% 的CAGR成为增速最快的市场，反映了该地区医疗基础设施改善和ART药物可及性提升的趋势[2]。相比之下，其他地区（包括非洲高负担国家）增速较慢，主要受限于医疗资源和经济条件[2]。4.3 传染病治疗市场中的HIV定位 BCC Research的传染病治疗市场报告显示，HIV/AIDS在传染病治疗药物市场中占据绝对主导地位。表8呈现了主要传染病的治疗药物市场规模对比。 表8 全球传染病治疗药物市场按疾病细分（2022-2030年，百万美元） 疾病 2022年 2023年 2024年 2025年 2030年 CAGR (2025-2030) HIV/AIDS 28,506.4 30,264.9 32,437.2 34,545.7 48,678.3 7.1% 丙型肝炎 4,159.0 4,104.5 4,106.5 4,229.7 5,067.2 3.7% 乙型肝炎 3,684.6 3,700.5 3,805.7 3,957.9 5,003.3 4.8% 疱疹 1,242.3 1,267.1 1,298.8 1,331.3 1,570.5 3.4% 结核病 786.8 850.9 910.5 974.2 1,388.2 7.3% 疟疾 693.9 761.7 822.7 890.1 1,345.8 8.6%合计39,073.040,949.743,381.445,928.963,053.36.5% 数据来源：BCC Research [5] HIV/AIDS治疗药物市场2025年估值 345.5亿美元，占传染病治疗药物市场总额的 74.8%[5]。这一主导地位反映了HIV感染人群规模庞大、终身服药需求以及药物研发投入的集中性。4.4 药物类别与作用机制 抗逆转录病毒药物按HIV生命周期中的不同作用靶点分为多个类别。表9汇总了主要药物类别及其代表药物。 表9 HIV治疗药物分类及作用机制 作用阶段 机制描述 药物类别 代表药物 结合（附着） HIV与CD4细胞表面受体结合 CCR5拮抗剂 Selzentry（maraviroc） 融合 HIV包膜与CD4细胞膜融合进入细胞 融合抑制剂 Fuzeon、Trogarzo 逆转录 HIV RNA在逆转录酶作用下转化为DNA NRTI/NNRTI Viread、Sustiva 整合 HIV DNA在整合酶作用下插入宿主DNA 整合酶抑制剂 Isentress 装配 新HIV蛋白和RNA组装为未成熟病毒 — — 出芽 蛋白酶切割长蛋白链形成成熟病毒 蛋白酶抑制剂 Reyataz 数据来源：NIH美国国立医学图书馆 [2] 整合酶链转移抑制剂（INSTI）是最新一代的抗HIV药物类别，2023-2028年CAGR达 6.2%，是增速最快的药物类别[2]。Isentress是首个获批的整合酶抑制剂，后续衍生出多种复方制剂[2]。4.5 PrEP与预防性用药 暴露前预防（PrEP）是HIV预防的重要策略。2012年，FDA批准了PrEP用于HIV阴性人群的预防性用药[2]。对于高风险人群，每日服用PrEP药物可显著降低感染风险。暴露后预防（PEP）则用于可能的HIV暴露后紧急干预[2]。 长效注射剂的出现为PrEP和PEP提供了新的给药方式。lenacapapavir作为首创衣壳抑制剂，正作为长效用药在联合治疗和暴露前预防方案中接受评估[5]。这类创新有望解决传统每日服药方案依从性不足的问题。五、自检与家庭检测的兴起5.1 自检试剂盒市场 HIV自检是扩大检测覆盖面的重要策略。WHO推荐HIV自检作为常规检测的补充手段，尤其适用于难以触达传统检测服务的人群[8]。表10列出了部分获批的HIV自检产品。 表10 主要HIV自检产品 获批年份 产品名称 疾病领域 制造商 2022 Wondfo HIV Self-Test HIV 广州万孚生物技术 2022 OraQuick Hepatitis C Self-Test 丙肝 OraSure Technologies 数据来源：BCC Research [5] 自检试剂盒市场的增长受到多重因素驱动：用户对隐私保护的需求、COVID-19大流行加速了居家检测的接受度、以及各国监管机构对自检产品审批路径的完善[8]。OraQuick作为首个获FDA批准的HIV快速检测产品，其口腔液检测方式为自检场景提供了便利[1]。5.2 POC检测的市场前景 Kalorama Information的POC诊断市场报告指出，HIV是POC检测的关键应用领域之一[7]。POC检测的优势在于缩短检测至治疗的时间间隔，在资源有限地区尤为重要。Abbott的m-PIMA HIV-1/2VL和Cepheid的GeneXpert平台是POC HIV病毒载量检测的代表性产品[2]。六、竞争格局与主要参与者6.1 诊断市场主要企业 HIV诊断市场的主要参与者包括 罗氏（瑞士）、雅培（美国）、丹纳赫（美国）、Bio-Rad（美国） 和 OraSure（美国） 等[1][3]。2024年全球传染病诊断市场前四位企业排名为：罗氏、雅培、丹纳赫和生物梅里埃[3]。 各企业在HIV诊断领域采取了差异化策略：罗氏凭借cobas平台在核酸检测市场占据优势；雅培的Architect和Alinity平台覆盖了免疫检测和分子检测；丹纳赫（Cepheid）的GeneXpert系统在POC检测领域领先；Bio-Rad专注于ELISA和确认检测；OraSure则以快速检测和自检产品见长[1][5]。6.2 治疗药物市场主要企业 HIV治疗药物市场的竞争格局高度集中。吉利德科学（Gilead Sciences）、葛兰素史克（GSK）、强生、AbbVie和默克等企业构成主要竞争者[5]。吉利德在NRTI和STR FDC领域占据主导地位，其Truvada、Descovy和Genvoya等产品是HIV治疗的核心方案[2]。值得注意的是，随着多款重磅药物专利到期，仿制药竞争正在加剧，品牌药市场将逐步向仿制药转移[2]。七、趋势展望与挑战7.1 技术发展趋势 综合各报告分析，HIV诊断与治疗领域呈现以下技术趋势： 第一，检测技术向超灵敏和多重化发展。第四代抗原/抗体联合检测已将窗口期缩短至2-3周，核酸检测的灵敏度持续提升[6]。多重检测面板的发展使得同时筛查HIV、肝炎、梅毒等多种病原体成为可能[3]。 第二，POC和自检加速普及。COVID-19大流行提升了公众对居家检测的接受度，HIV自检产品的审批和推广正在加速[8]。便携式分子检测平台使病毒载量监测在基层医疗场景成为现实[2]。 第三，长效药物和创新机制涌现。长效注射剂（如cabotegravir/rilpivirine）将给药频率从每日降至每月甚至每两月一次；lenacapavir作为半衰期达半年的衣壳抑制剂，为治疗和预防提供了新范式[5]。7.2 持续挑战 HIV防控仍面临多重挑战。耐药性的出现对现有治疗方案构成威胁——CDC数据显示，美国超过半数HIV感染者难以维持病毒抑制，而HIV治疗耐药性是永久且不可逆的[5]。资金缺口方面，2019至2023年间国内资金投入减少12亿美元，国际捐助仅小幅增加[5]。 社会污名和歧视仍是阻碍检测和治疗的重要因素。16个欧洲国家不向无身份证明的移民提供抗逆转录病毒治疗，仅葡萄牙和英国不论移民身份均提供HIV治疗[2]。这种政策差异直接影响了检测覆盖率和治疗可及性。7.3 对行业参与者的启示 对于IVD企业而言，HIV诊断市场存在以下机遇：开发适用于资源有限环境的高性价比POC产品；探索自检试剂盒在新兴市场的推广；关注HIV/TB联合检测的需求增长。制药企业则需关注长效药物和简化方案的研发趋势，以及仿制药市场的竞争态势。八、结论 本文基于8份IVD及传染病诊断行业报告的系统性梳理，呈现了HIV诊断与治疗市场的全景图。2023年全球3990万感染者和63万死亡人数，凸显了HIV/AIDS持续造成的公共卫生负担。全球HIV诊断与治疗市场预计从2022年的288亿美元增长至2028年的393亿美元，单片复方制剂和整合酶抑制剂是核心增长引擎。检测技术的演进——从第一代ELISA到第四代抗原/抗体联合检测，再到POC分子诊断——正在缩短诊断窗口期并扩大检测覆盖面。长效药物和自检产品的创新有望进一步提升治疗覆盖率和依从性。在全球协作与技术创新的双重驱动下，实现95-95-95目标仍需在检测可及性、治疗公平性和社会去污名化等方面持续努力。参考文献 [1] MarketsandMarkets. HIV Diagnostics Market - Global Forecast to 2030 [R]. 2025. [2] BCC Research. Diagnostics and Therapeutics for HIV Global Markets [R]. 2025. [3] MarketsandMarkets. Infectious Disease Diagnostics Market - Global Forecast to 2030 [R]. 2025. [4] MarketsandMarkets. Global Immunoassay Market - Trends, Technologies, and Growth Opportunities, 2025 [R]. 2025. [5] BCC Research. Global Markets for Infectious Disease Treatments [R]. Report Code: PHM061F, July 2025. [6] Kalorama Information. Infectious Disease Diagnostic Testing: World Market Analysis, 2024-2029 [R]. November 2024. [7] Kalorama Information. The Worldwide Market for Point-of-Care (POC) Diagnostic Tests, 10th Edition [R]. 2021. [8] BCC Research. Global Market for Self-testing Kits [R]. 2024.

Nature Medicine Volume 32 Issue 1 自然·医学 32卷 1期 https://www.nature.com/nm/volumes/32/issues/1 Nature Medicine Commission on Dialysis Policy in LMICs 《自然·医学》低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）透析政策委员会专刊 In this issue, Teerawattananon and colleagues present policy goals and recommendations from the Nature Medicine Commission on Dialysis Policy in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). The goal of the commission was to address current dialysis policy challenges in Thailand, and to provide lessons for other countries seeking to integrate dialysis into universal health coverage in a way that is sustainable, equitable and safe. 在本期内容中，Teerawattananon及其同事阐述了《自然·医学》低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）透析政策委员会提出的政策目标与建议。该委员会旨在应对泰国当前在透析政策方面面临的挑战，并为其他寻求以可持续、公平且安全的方式将透析服务纳入全民健康覆盖体系的国家提供经验借鉴。 Editorial（社论） 1 Nature Portfolio Commissions: data-driven solutions to global problems 《自然》系列期刊专刊：以数据为驱动解决全球问题 The first Nature Portfolio Commission Report outlines paths to sustainable dialysis policies, robust evidence-to-policy translation and south–south collaboration. 首份《自然》系列期刊专刊报告概述了实现可持续透析政策、有力推动证据向政策转化以及开展南南合作的路径。 Collection: Nature Medicine Commission on dialysis policy in low- and middle-income countries 专题：低收入和中等收入国家《自然·医学》透析政策委员会专刊 Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, page：1 (2026) News（新闻） 2 Is addiction the next frontier for GLP-1 receptor agonists? GLP-1受体激动剂会是成瘾治疗领域的下一个突破口吗？ Researchers are probing whether the blockbuster drugs that transformed obesity treatment could also quiet the brain’s cravings for substances such as alcohol, nicotine and opioids. 研究人员正在探究，那些彻底改变肥胖治疗方式的重磅药物是否也能抑制大脑对酒精、尼古丁和阿片类药物等物质的渴望。 Natalie Healey Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：2-3 (2026) Partner Content（合作内容） Explore the next frontier in allogeneic CAR-T innovation 探索异体CAR-T创新领域的下一个前沿 Allogene is aiming to develop a first-line consolidation treatment for large B-cell lymphoma that predicts and prevents relapse. Allogene公司旨在开发一种针对大B细胞淋巴瘤的一线巩固治疗方案，该方案可预测并预防疾病复发。 News Feature（新闻特写） 3 Silenced genomes 沉默的基因组 Projects worldwide push for more diverse genomic databases across Asia, Africa and the Americas. 全球各地的项目正推动建立涵盖亚洲、非洲和美洲的更多样化的基因组数据库。 Sofia Moutinho Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：4–8 (2026) Turning Points（转折点） 4 Early successes in colon immunotherapy 结直肠免疫治疗的早期成功 How an exploratory study of neoadjuvant immunotherapy saved patient lives. 一项新辅助免疫治疗的探索性研究如何挽救患者生命。 Myriam Chalabi Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, page：9 (2026) Correspondence（读者来信） 5 The evolving landscape of cardiovascular health in Africa: insights from WHO AFRO 非洲心血管健康格局的演变：来自世卫组织非洲区域办事处的见解 Bayan GalalEeshaan MalladiMohamed Janabi Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：10–11 (2026) 6 Navigating difficult ethical decisions in global health 全球卫生领域中艰难伦理决策的应对之道 Maxwell J. SmithDiego S. SilvaKatherine Littler Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：12–13 (2026) 7 The Italian parliament first to recognize obesity as a chronic and relapsing disease 意大利议会率先承认肥胖是一种慢性复发性疾病 Silvio BuscemiMaurizio De LucaFederico Serra Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：14–15 (2026) 8 Harnessing evidence-based solutions for climate resilience and women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health 利用循证解决方案提升气候适应能力，促进妇女、儿童和青少年健康 Rajat KhoslaHelen ClarkFlavia Bustreo Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：16-17 (2026) 9 MASLD as a complication of obesity must include liver risk stratification 作为肥胖并发症的代谢障碍相关脂肪性肝病（MASLD）必须纳入肝脏风险分层管理 Mary E. RinellaArun J. SanyalVlad Ratziu Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：18–19 (2026) 10 Clarification of evidence selection for the framework for the pharmacological treatment of obesity and its complications from the EASO 欧洲肥胖研究协会（EASO）关于肥胖及其并发症药物治疗框架的证据选择说明 Andreea CiudinBarbara McGowan Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, page：20 (2026) World View（世界视角） 11 When science meets violence 当科学遭遇暴力 Women scientists deserve safety — not silence. 女科学家应得到安全保障，而非沉默以对。 Luana Araujo Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, page：21 (2026) Comment（述评） 12 Sustaining kidney failure care under universal health coverage 全民健康覆盖下维持肾衰竭治疗 Rising demand for dialysis poses a central challenge to universal health coverage systems: not just whether to expand access, but how to sustain equitable, high-quality kidney failure care. In this Comment, I argue that long-term viability depends on system architecture, rather than modality choice alone. 透析需求不断增长，给全民健康覆盖体系带来了核心挑战：不仅在于是否要扩大服务可及性，更在于如何维持公平、高质量的肾衰竭治疗。在本文评论中，我认为长期可行性取决于系统架构，而非仅依赖治疗方式的选择。 Syarifah Liza Munira Collection: Nature Medicine Commission on dialysis policy in low- and middle-income countries 专题：低收入和中等收入国家《自然·医学》透析政策委员会专刊 Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：22–24 (2026) 13 A One Health trial design to accelerate Lassa fever vaccines 加速拉沙热疫苗研发的“同一健康”试验设计 We propose an interdisciplinary framework to address the considerable challenges that are restricting the development of vaccines for zoonotic diseases with epidemic potential. 我们提出了一个跨学科框架，以应对当前限制具有流行潜力的人畜共患病疫苗开发的重大挑战。 David SimonsDeborah Watson-JonesSagan Friant Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：25–27 (2026) 14 Reduce bureaucracy in clinical trials now 立即减少临床试验中的官僚主义 Clinical trials in Europe must become far more efficient to support the needs of investigators and their patients. The way trials are designed, conducted and regulated should be attuned first and foremost to the needs of patients, to ensure timely and equitable access to safe, effective and innovative treatments. 欧洲的临床试验必须大幅提高效率，以满足研究人员及其患者的需求。临床试验的设计、实施和监管方式应首先适应患者的需求，以确保患者能够及时、公平地获得安全、有效和创新的治疗方法。 Martin DreylingSara Badreh WirströmRobin Doeswijk Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：28–30 (2026) 15 Lessons in public trust 公共信任的启示 What the organ donation system can learn from global experiences with vaccine programs. 器官捐献体系能从全球疫苗接种项目的经验中学到什么。 Heidi J. LarsonAlexander H. Toledo Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：31–33 (2026) News & Views（新闻与观点） 16 Mapping the effects of gender-affirming sex hormone therapy 绘制性别肯定性激素治疗的效应图谱 A study uses plasma proteome analysis to illuminate systemic effects of feminizing gender-affirming hormone therapy; more research like this will inform better healthcare for transgender people and could hold insights into sex-specific immune regulation. 一项研究利用血浆蛋白质组分析揭示了女性化性别肯定激素治疗的全身效应；更多此类研究将为跨性别者提供更优质的医疗服务，并可能为性别特异性免疫调控提供见解。 Petter Brodin Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：34–35 (2026) 17 Political protests, social media use and mental well-being 政治抗议、社交媒体使用与心理健康 A large, longitudinal study shows that interpersonal conflict and excessive social media use are associated with increased levels of depression during political protests — but we should not lose sight of the wider contexts in which such protests take place. 一项大型纵向研究表明，在政治抗议期间，人际冲突和过度使用社交媒体与抑郁水平上升相关——但我们不应忽视此类抗议发生的更广泛背景。 Jon RoozenbeekIli Ma Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：36–37 (2026) 18 Mechanistic insights make cancer cachexia a targetable syndrome 机制性见解使癌症恶病质成为可治疗综合征 Two studies establish a mechanism, biomarker and therapeutic strategy for cancer cachexia, all centered around the HIF-2 pathway. The findings reframe this intractable metabolic syndrome as a pharmacologically treatable condition. 两项研究围绕HIF-2通路，确立了癌症恶病质的机制、生物标志物和治疗策略。这些发现将这种顽固的代谢综合征重新定义为可通过药物治疗的病症。 Ed ReznikMartin H. VossA. Ari Hakimi Collection: Cancer at Nature Portfolio 专题：自然系列期刊癌症研究 Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：38–39 (2026) 19 Understanding the link between atrial fibrillation and cognitive decline 理解心房颤动与认知功能下降之间的关联 A phase 3 trial shows no impact of the anticoagulant rivaroxaban on the risk of cognitive decline in individuals with atrial fibrillation and low thromboembolic risk — highlighting the need for a better understanding of the mechanisms that link these conditions. 一项3期试验显示，抗凝药物利伐沙班对心房颤动且血栓栓塞风险较低患者的认知功能下降风险无影响——这凸显了进一步理解这两种病症之间关联机制的必要性。 Marco ProiettiGiulio Francesco Romiti Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：40–41 (2026) Research Briefings（研究简报） 20 Serum biomarker enables diagnosis and monitoring of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension 血清生物标志物助力特发性肺动脉高压的诊断与监测 We have identified serum levels of extracellular domain of NOTCH3 (NOTCH3-ECD) as a biomarker that can reliably distinguish idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension from other forms of pulmonary hypertension and healthy controls. Our findings show that serum NOTCH3-ECD levels are as accurate as current standard-of-care clinical tests in predicting disease progression and mortality risk. 我们已确定NOTCH3胞外域（NOTCH3-ECD）的血清水平可作为可靠区分特发性肺动脉高压与其他类型肺动脉高压及健康对照者的生物标志物。我们的研究结果显示，血清NOTCH3-ECD水平在预测疾病进展和死亡风险方面与当前临床标准检测同样准确。 Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：42–43 (2026) Policy Brief（政策简报） 21 The path to safe, equitable and sustainable dialysis provision for people with chronic kidney disease 为慢性肾脏病患者提供安全、公平且可持续的透析服务之路 An abrupt policy change in 2022 — allowing patients to choose between peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis — created severe unintended consequences for the Thai health system. A multidisciplinary commission found that interacting factors in the system were overlooked and that future dialysis policies must integrate more-diverse evidence and stakeholder views, prioritizing care quality and ethics while balancing equity and sustainability. 2022年，泰国一项突发的政策变更——允许患者在腹膜透析和血液透析之间做出选择——给泰国卫生系统带来了严重的意外后果。一个多学科委员会发现，系统中的相互作用因素被忽视，未来的透析政策必须整合更多样化的证据和利益相关者的观点，在平衡公平性与可持续性的同时，将护理质量和伦理置于优先地位。 Yot TeerawattananonKinanti Khansa ChavarinaWirun Limsawart Collection: Nature Medicine Commission on dialysis policy in low- and middle-income countries 专题：低收入和中等收入国家《自然·医学》透析政策委员会专刊 Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：44–46 (2026) Review Articles（综述） 22 The expanding landscape of GLP-1 medicines 胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）药物领域的不断拓展 This Review discusses the expansion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) medicines beyond type 2 diabetes and obesity, outlining opportunities for new indications, key questions around benefits and long-term safety, and areas of uncertainty requiring further research. 本综述探讨了胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）药物在2型糖尿病和肥胖症之外的应用拓展，阐述了新适应症的机遇、围绕获益和长期安全性的关键问题，以及需要进一步研究的不确定性领域。 Daniel J. Drucker Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：47–57 (2026) Commission Report（委员会报告） 23 Nature Medicine Commission on dialysis policy in low- and middle-income countries 低收入和中等收入国家《自然·医学》透析政策委员会报告 This Commission aims to resolve the current dialysis policy challenges in Thailand and generate lessons for the global kidney community by drawing on empirical evidence, systems thinking and multidisciplinary expertise to generate policy goals and recommendations. 本委员会旨在通过借鉴实证证据、系统思维和多学科专业知识，制定政策目标和建议，解决泰国当前透析政策面临的挑战，并为全球肾脏病领域提供经验教训。 Yot TeerawattananonKinanti Khansa ChavarinaYot Teerawattananon Collection: Nature Medicine Commission on dialysis policy in low- and middle-income countries 专题：低收入和中等收入国家《自然·医学》透析政策委员会专刊 Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：58–71 (2026) Articles（论著） 24 Genetic architecture and phenotypic diversity of oocyte and early embryo competence defects in female infertility 女性不孕症中卵母细胞和早期胚胎发育潜能缺陷的遗传结构与表型多样性 Whole-exome sequencing analyses in a cohort of 2,140 participants with female infertility after recurrent in vitro fertilization, coupled with functional analyses, identified genes associated with oocyte and early embryo competence defects. 对2140例反复体外受精后女性不孕症患者进行全外显子组测序分析，并结合功能分析，确定了与卵母细胞和早期胚胎发育潜能缺陷相关的基因。 Changlong ZhangWei ZhengZi-Jiang Chen Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：72–81 (2026) 25 MRI-based multi-organ clocks for healthy aging and disease assessment 基于磁共振成像（MRI）的多器官时钟用于健康衰老和疾病评估 A new study combines MRI data with proteomic, metabolomic and RNA data to develop and examine seven organ-specific MRI-based aging clocks, uncovering links to overall mortality and organ-specific diseases. 一项新研究结合磁共振成像数据与蛋白质组学、代谢组学和RNA数据，开发并检验了七种基于磁共振成像的器官特异性衰老时钟，揭示了其与总死亡率和器官特异性疾病的关联。 Huizi CaoZhiyuan SongJunhao Wen Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：82–92 (2026) 26 Factor IX-Padua AAV gene therapy in hemophilia B: phases 1/2 and 3 trials B型血友病的IX因子-帕多瓦腺相关病毒（AAV）基因疗法：1/2期和3期临床试验 A phase 1/2 and a phase 3 trial testing an AAV-FIX Padua gene therapy in patients with hemophilia B in China showed that the treatment was well tolerated and effective in reducing the annualized bleeding rate. 在中国B型血友病患者中开展的一项1/2期和一项3期试验，对一种AAV-FIX帕多瓦基因疗法进行了测试，结果显示该疗法耐受性良好，能有效降低年出血率。 Feng XueMankai JuLei Zhang Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：93–102 (2026) 27 Oral splicing modulator branaplam in Huntington’s disease: a phase 2 randomized controlled trial 口服剪接调控剂布兰纳普兰治疗亨廷顿病：一项2期随机对照试验 Early results from the phase2b VIBRANT-HD trial of the oral splicing modulator branaplam in Huntington’s disease suggested reduced cerebrospinal fluid huntingtin levels, but safety monitoring revealed signs of peripheral neurotoxicity, prompting early termination of the study. 口服剪接调控剂布兰纳普兰治疗亨廷顿病的2b期VIBRANT-HD试验的早期结果显示，脑脊液中亨廷顿蛋白水平降低，但安全性监测发现存在周围神经毒性迹象，促使研究提前终止。 Beth BorowskyHarry RamosBlair R. Leavitt Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：103–112 (2026) 28 Multi-omic definition of metabolic obesity through adipose tissue–microbiome interactions 通过脂肪组织-微生物组相互作用对代谢性肥胖进行多组学定义 Metabolomics, metagenomics, proteins and genetics were combined with clinical data to define a metabolic signature of obesity. 将代谢组学、宏基因组学、蛋白质组学和遗传学与临床数据相结合，定义了肥胖的代谢特征。 Rima M. ChakarounMeenakshi PradhanFredrik Bäckhed Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：113–125 (2026) 29 The global macroeconomic burden of diabetes mellitus 糖尿病的全球宏观经济负担 An analysis of 204 countries estimates that diabetes will cost the global economy $10.2 trillion between the years 2020 and 2050. 一项对204个国家的分析估计，2020年至2050年间，糖尿病将给全球经济造成10.2万亿美元的损失。 Simiao ChenZhong CaoDavid E. Bloom Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：126–138 (2026) 30 Plasma proteome adaptations during feminizing gender-affirming hormone therapy 女性化性别肯定激素治疗期间的血浆蛋白质组适应性变化 Researchers analyzed 5,279 plasma proteins in 40 people undergoing feminizing gender-affirming hormone therapy over 6months, revealing significant changes in 299 proteins. Such changes could have implications for reproductive capacity, immune regulation and long-term health. 研究人员对40名接受6个月女性化性别肯定激素治疗者的5279种血浆蛋白质进行了分析，发现299种蛋白质发生了显著变化。这些变化可能对生殖能力、免疫调节和长期健康产生影响。 Nhi N. L. NguyenDen CelestraBoris Novakovic Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：139–150 (2026) 31 Elebsiran and PEG-IFNα for chronic hepatitis B infection: a partially randomized, open-label, phase 2 trial Elebsiran联合聚乙二醇干扰素α（PEG-IFNα）治疗慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染：一项部分随机、开放标签的2期试验 Elebsiran plus PEG-IFNα improved hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss rates compared with PEG-IFNα alone in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Furthermore, prior response to the BRII-179 vaccine was associated with higher HBsAg clearance, suggesting its potential as a predictive tool for identifying patients more likely to benefit from therapies. 与单独使用聚乙二醇干扰素α相比，Elebsiran联合聚乙二醇干扰素α可提高慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染患者的乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）清除率。此外，先前对BRII-179疫苗有应答与更高的HBsAg清除率相关，这表明该疫苗有望成为识别更可能从治疗中获益患者的预测工具。 Grace Lai-Hung WongMan-Fung YuenZhi Hong Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：151–159 (2026) 32 Detection of undiagnosed liver cirrhosis via AI-enabled electrocardiogram: a pragmatic, cluster-randomized clinical trial 通过人工智能心电图检测未确诊的肝硬化：一项实用、整群随机临床试验 In a trial involving 45 clinics and 15,596 visits, the use of an AI-based screening tool applied to ECG for opportunistic detection of advanced chronic liver disease led to a significant increase in new diagnoses compared to the standard workflow. 在一项涉及45家诊所和15596次就诊的试验中，使用基于人工智能的心电图筛查工具对晚期慢性肝病进行机会性检测，与标准工作流程相比，新诊断病例显著增加。 Douglas A. SimonettoDavid RushlowVijay H. Shah Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：160–167 (2026) 33 Cabotegravir and rilpivirine for treatment of HIV infection in Africa: week 96 results from the phase 3b randomized, open-label, noninferiority CARES trial 卡博特韦和利匹韦林治疗非洲HIV感染：3b期随机、开放标签、非劣效性CARES试验第96周结果 In this follow-up study presenting results at 96weeks, cabotegravir and rilpivirine long-acting therapy remained noninferior to oral therapy, had acceptable safety and tolerability profiles, and resulted in durable virologic suppression, further supporting its consideration for African treatment programs. 在这项随访研究中展示了第96周的结果，卡博特韦和利匹韦林长效疗法仍不劣于口服疗法，具有可接受的安全性和耐受性，并能实现持久的病毒学抑制，这进一步支持了将其纳入非洲治疗方案的考虑。 Cissy KityoIvan K. MambuleVeerle Van Eygen Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：168–177 (2026) 34 Malaria vaccine protection against intradermal or venous parasites: a randomized phase 2b human challenge trial 疟疾疫苗对皮内或静脉注射寄生虫的保护作用：一项随机2b期人体挑战试验 The R21/Matrix-M vaccine, but not the ME-TRAP vaccine, was protective against intradermal challenge with Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites, while neither was protective against direct venous inoculation, potentially explaining previously observed differences in protection. R21/Matrix-M疫苗（而非ME-TRAP疫苗）对恶性疟原虫子孢子皮内注射挑战具有保护作用，而两种疫苗对直接静脉注射均无保护作用，这可能解释了先前观察到的保护差异。 Melissa C. KapuluFrancesca OrengePhilip Bejon Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：178–185 (2026) 35 The impact of an oral purified microbiome therapeutic on the gastrointestinal microbiome 口服纯化微生物组疗法对胃肠道微生物组的影响 An exploratory analysis of the phase 3 ECOSPOR III trial shows that a higher dosage of the oral microbiome therapeutic VOWST led to enhanced pharmacokinetics, increased species engraftment and altered microbiome and metabolite profiles, providing mechanistic insights into how it may prevent Clostridioides difficile infection recurrence. 对3期ECOSPOR III试验的一项探索性分析显示，较高剂量的口服微生物组疗法VOWST可增强药代动力学，增加物种植入，并改变微生物组和代谢物谱，为该疗法如何预防艰难梭菌感染复发提供了机制见解。 Jessica A. BryantMarin VulićMatthew R. Henn Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：186–196 (2026) 36 Global, regional, and national burden of chronic respiratory diseases and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, 1990–2023: a Global Burden of Disease study 1990 - 2023年全球、区域和国家慢性呼吸系统疾病负担及新冠肺炎疫情的影响：一项全球疾病负担研究 Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial. 全球疾病负担研究的估计结果显示，1990年至2023年间慢性呼吸系统疾病死亡率有所下降，尤其是在新冠肺炎疫情期间，但受影响人群的负担仍然沉重。 Jiyeon OhSoeun KimDong Keon Yon Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：197–223 (2026) 37 Interpersonal conflicts, social media use and depression associated with protests 抗议活动期间的人际冲突、社交媒体使用与抑郁 A 15-year prospective cohort study found that during times of social unrest in Hong Kong, people experienced more conflicts with family and friends and this coincided with the use of social media—these factors were also associated with higher levels of depression. 一项为期15年的前瞻性队列研究发现，在香港社会动荡时期，人们与家人和朋友的冲突增多，这与社交媒体的使用同时发生，这些因素也与更高的抑郁水平相关。 Jian ShiCandi M. C. LeungMichael Y. Ni Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：224–230 (2026) 38 AI-enabled virtual spatial proteomics from histopathology for interpretable biomarker discovery in lung cancer 基于组织病理学的人工智能虚拟空间蛋白质组学用于肺癌可解释生物标志物发现 A model trained to generate spatial proteomics profiles and predict the expression of 40 biomarkers directly from histopathology slides is shown to improve survival and treatment response prediction in patients with lung cancer. 一项训练模型可直接从组织病理学切片生成空间蛋白质组学图谱并预测40种生物标志物的表达，该模型可改善肺癌患者的生存和治疗反应预测。 Zhe LiYuchen LiRuijiang Li Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：231–244 (2026) 39 Targeting of HIF2-driven cachexia in kidney cancer 针对肾癌中HIF2驱动的恶病质 In vivo experiments and clinical cohort analyses show that hypoxia-inducible factor2 (HIF2)-induced parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) expression contributes to cachexia in the context of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The pathway can be targeted by HIF2 inhibitors, including belzutifan, which may reduce cachexia in patients with RCC. 体内实验和临床队列分析表明，在肾细胞癌（RCC）背景下，缺氧诱导因子2（HIF2）诱导的甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白（PTHrP）表达会导致恶病质。该通路可通过包括贝组替凡（belzutifan）在内的HIF2抑制剂进行靶向治疗，这可能减轻肾细胞癌患者的恶病质症状。 Muhannad Abu-RemailehLaura A. StranskyWilliam G. Kaelin Jr Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：245–257 (2026) 40 Autologous multiantigen-targeted T cell therapy for pancreatic cancer: a phase 1/2 trial 针对胰腺癌的自体多抗原靶向T细胞疗法：一项1/2期试验 Results of the phase 1/2 TACTOPS trial show that autologous T cell therapy targeting PRAME, SSX2, MAGEA4, Survivin and NY-ESO-1 in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is feasible and safe, and leads to encouraging clinical responses and evidence of antigen spreading in responders. 1/2期TACTOPS试验结果显示，针对PRAME、SSX2、MAGEA4、Survivin和NY-ESO-1的自体T细胞疗法在胰腺导管腺癌患者中可行且安全，并能带来令人鼓舞的临床反应，且在有反应的患者中观察到抗原扩散的证据。 Benjamin L. MusherSpyridoula VasileiouAnn M. Leen Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：258–269 (2026) 41 Immune profiling in a living human recipient of a gene-edited pig kidney 基因编辑猪肾活体受者的免疫图谱分析 High-dimensional immune profiling of a living recipient of a pig-to-human xenotransplant provides insight into the immune landscape of xenotransplantation and directions for improved immunosuppression strategies. 对猪到人异种移植活体受者进行的高维免疫图谱分析，为了解异种移植的免疫格局以及改进免疫抑制策略提供了见解。 Guilherme T. RibasAndré F. CunhaLeonardo V. Riella Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：270–280 (2026) 42 A meta-analysis of albuminuria as a surrogate endpoint for kidney failure 白蛋白尿作为肾衰竭替代终点的荟萃分析 In a meta-analysis of 48 randomized trials of chronic kidney disease progression, reduction in the 6-month urinary albumin:creatinine ratio was associated with lower hazard ratios of established kidney disease endpoints, supporting the use of albuminuria change as a surrogate endpoint in clinical trials for chronic kidney disease. 一项针对48项慢性肾脏病进展随机试验的荟萃分析显示，6个月尿白蛋白与肌酐比值降低与已确立的肾脏病终点事件风险比降低相关，这支持将白蛋白尿变化作为慢性肾脏病临床试验的替代终点。 Hiddo J. L. HeerspinkWillem H. CollierLesley A. Inker Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：281–287 (2026) 43 Generative AI-based low-dose digital subtraction angiography for intra-operative radiation dose reduction: a randomized controlled trial 基于生成式人工智能的低剂量数字减影血管造影用于术中辐射剂量降低：一项随机对照试验 A model, trained to generate synthetic, patient-specific angiography images, reduced radiation exposure to patients and clinicians by two-thirds in a multicenter randomized controlled trial involving 1,068 patients. 在一项涉及1068例患者的多中心随机对照试验中，训练用于生成合成、患者特异性血管造影图像的模型，将患者和临床医生的辐射暴露量降低了三分之二。 Huangxuan ZhaoYaowei BaiChuansheng Zheng Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：288–296 (2026) 44 Anticoagulation to prevent ischemic stroke and neurocognitive impairment in atrial fibrillation: the BRAIN-AF randomized clinical trial 抗凝治疗预防心房颤动患者缺血性脑卒中和神经认知障碍：BRAIN-AF随机临床试验 In a multicenter, randomized trial of patients with atrial fibrillation and a low risk of thromboembolic events, treatment with the anticoagulant rivaroxaban showed no benefit in reducing cognitive decline, stroke or transient ischemic attack when compared to placebo. 在一项针对低血栓栓塞事件风险心房颤动患者的多中心随机试验中，与安慰剂相比，使用抗凝剂利伐沙班治疗在减少认知功能下降、脑卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作方面未显示出益处。 Léna RivardPaul KhairyWilliam Liang Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：297–305 (2026) 45 The NOTCH3 extracellular domain is a serum biomarker for pulmonary arterial hypertension NOTCH3胞外域是肺动脉高压的血清生物标志物 A protein biomarker, the NOTCH3 extracellular domain, identifies individuals with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension, correlates with disease progression, improves mortality risk prediction and provides a readily implementable, noninvasive blood test for this disease. 一种蛋白质生物标志物——NOTCH3胞外域，可识别特发性肺动脉高压患者，与疾病进展相关，能改善死亡风险预测，并为该疾病提供了一种易于实施的非侵入性血液检测方法。 Moises HernandezNolan M. WinickiPatricia A. Thistlethwaite Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：306–317 (2026) 46 Fractional flow reserve-guided percutaneous coronary intervention versus medical therapy for stable coronary artery disease: long-term results of the FAME 2 trial 血流储备分数指导的经皮冠状动脉介入治疗与药物治疗稳定型冠状动脉疾病：FAME 2试验的长期结果 In a long-term follow-up of the FAME2 trial, fractional flow reserve-guided percutaneous coronary intervention plus medical therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease reduced cardiovascular events compared to medical therapy alone, primarily due to a decrease in urgent revascularization events. 在FAME 2试验的长期随访中，对于稳定型冠状动脉疾病患者，血流储备分数指导的经皮冠状动脉介入治疗联合药物治疗与单纯药物治疗相比，可减少心血管事件，这主要归因于紧急血运重建事件的减少。 Carlos ColletThabo MahendiranPeter Jüni Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：318–324 (2026) 47 Lifetime benefits of comprehensive medical therapy in heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction 射血分数轻度降低或保留的心力衰竭综合药物治疗的终身获益 In a cross-trial analysis, combined treatment with medications that have individually shown to improve cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction demonstrates substantial benefit, including for event-free survival. 一项跨试验分析显示，对于射血分数轻度降低或保留的心力衰竭，联合使用单独显示可改善心血管结局的药物可带来显著益处，包括无事件生存期延长。 Muthiah VaduganathanBrian L. ClaggettScott D. Solomon Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：325–331 (2026) 48 Endotyping-informed therapy for patients with chest pain and no obstructive coronary artery disease: a randomized trial 基于内型分型的疗法治疗无阻塞性冠状动脉疾病且伴有胸痛的患者：一项随机试验 As presented at the American Heart Association Conference 2025, patients with chest pain and without obstructive coronary artery disease benefit from treatment informed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. 如2025年美国心脏协会会议所展示，对于无阻塞性冠状动脉疾病且伴有胸痛的患者，基于心血管磁共振的内型分型指导治疗可带来益处。 Conor P. BradleyGemma McKinleyColin Berry Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：332–341 (2026) 49 Cardiovascular outcomes of semaglutide and tirzepatide for patients with type 2 diabetes in clinical practice 司美格鲁肽和替西帕肽对临床实践中2型糖尿病患者心血管预后的影响 As presented at AHA Scientific Sessions 2025, in a trial emulation analysis including benchmarking to data from randomized clinical trials, treatment with semaglutide and tirzepatide showed similar levels of benefit on cardiovascular outcomes in individuals at elevated cardiovascular risk with obesity and diabetes. 如2025年美国心脏协会科学会议上所展示，在一项包含与随机临床试验数据进行基准对比的试验模拟分析中，对于肥胖且患糖尿病、心血管风险升高的个体，司美格鲁肽和替西帕肽治疗在心血管预后方面显示出相似的获益水平。 Nils KrügerSebastian SchneeweissShirley V. Wang Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：342–352 (2026) 50 Liraglutide in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2b clinical trial 利拉鲁肽治疗轻中度阿尔茨海默病：一项2b期临床试验 Results from the phase ELAD 2 trial reveal that liraglutide is safe and well tolerated in people with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease but does not significantly slow brain metabolism decline. ELAD 2期试验结果显示，利拉鲁肽在轻中度阿尔茨海默病患者中安全且耐受性良好，但未能显著减缓脑代谢下降速度。 Paul EdisonGrazia Daniela FemminellaClive Ballard Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：353–361 (2026) 51 Myelin injury precedes axonal injury and symptomatic onset in multiple sclerosis 在多发性硬化症中，髓鞘损伤早于轴突损伤和症状发作 Myelin damage in multiple sclerosis can be detected up to 7years before symptoms, with early immune pathway activation and a 21-protein panel showing promise for presymptomatic diagnosis. 在多发性硬化症中，髓鞘损伤最早可在症状出现前7年被检测到，早期免疫通路激活以及由21种蛋白质组成的检测面板在症状前诊断方面显示出潜力。 Ahmed AbdelhakGabriel CeronoAri J. Green Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：362–368 (2026) 52 Vagus nerve-mediated neuroimmune modulation for rheumatoid arthritis: a pivotal randomized controlled trial 迷走神经介导的神经免疫调节治疗类风湿关节炎：一项关键随机对照试验 An implantable vagus nerve-targeted device safely reduces disease activity and joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis, offering a new nondrug treatment for patients who do not respond to or cannot tolerate medication. 一种可植入的针对迷走神经的装置可安全地降低类风湿关节炎的疾病活动度和关节损伤，为对药物无反应或无法耐受药物的患者提供了一种新的非药物治疗方法。 John R. P. TesserAngela R. CrowleyDavid Chernoff Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, pages：369–378 (2026) Amendments & Corrections（修订与更正） 53 Author Correction: The cold-induced lipokine 12,13-diHOME promotes fatty acid transport into brown adipose tissue 作者更正：冷诱导脂质因子12,13-二羟基十八碳烯酸促进脂肪酸向棕色脂肪组织的转运 Matthew D LynesLuiz O LeiriaYu-Hua Tseng Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, page：379 (2026) 54 Author Correction: Loss of the histone methyltransferase EZH2 induces resistance to multiple drugs in acute myeloid leukemia 作者更正：组蛋白甲基转移酶EZH2缺失导致急性髓系白血病对多种药物产生耐药性 Stefanie GöllnerThomas OellerichCarsten Müller-Tidow Nature Medicine volume 32（1）, page：380 (2026) Nature Medicine volume 32 Issue 2 自然医学 32卷 2期 https://www.nature.com/nm/volumes/32/issues/2 Editorial（社论） 1 Neurodegenerative diseases need more mechanism-informed trials 神经退行性疾病需要更多基于机制的研究试验 Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, page381 News（新闻） 2 Biting back at Lyme disease 反击莱姆病 Mike May Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages382-383 News Feature（新闻特写） 3 Fault lines in a global promise 全球承诺中的裂痕 Paul Adepoju Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages384–387 Correspondence（读者来信） 4 The Translational Research and Innovation Laboratory (TRAIL) model for accelerating discovery through a shared institutional resource 通过共享机构资源加速发现：转化研究与创新实验室（TRAIL）模式 Steven BruzekGrant VestalNeil Goldenberg Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages388–389 5 Disentangling climate hazards from demographic change in climate–health projections 在气候与健康预测中厘清气候灾害与人口变化的影响 Josiah L. KephartUsama Bilal Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages390–391 6 China’s evidence-based re-evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine injections 中国对中药注射剂基于证据的重新评估 Chen ChenZiwei Hou Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages392–393 7 Reorienting Ebola care toward human-centered sustainable practice 将埃博拉护理转向以人为本的可持续实践 Richard Kitenge OmasumbuLuca FontanaMory Keita Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages394–395 8 Lessons from Rwanda’s response to the Marburg virus outbreak 卢旺达应对马尔堡病毒爆发的经验教训 Sabin NsanzimanaYvan ButeraTsion Firew Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages396–397 World View（国际视野） 9 US vaccine policy must put America first 美国疫苗政策必须将美国置于首位 Angela L. Rasmussen Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages398-399 Comment（述评） 10 Building a code of conduct for AI-driven clinical consultations 制定人工智能驱动临床咨询的行为准则 Ernest LimArun ThirunavukarasuIbrahim Habli Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages400–403 11 How to interpret ‘zero-shot’ results from generative EHR models 如何解读生成式电子健康记录模型的“零样本”结果 Suhana BediJason Alan FriesNigam H. Shah Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages404–406 12 The ethics of multi-cancer screening 多癌种筛查的伦理问题 Thomas CallenderAnne MackieAnne-Marie Slowther Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages407–409 13 Identifying ultra-processed foods for policy 为制定政策定义超加工食品 Alyssa J. MoranNeha KhandpurChristina A. Roberto Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages410–413 News & Views（新闻与观点） 14 Housing modifications for heat adaptation 用以适应高温的房屋改造 Salum MshamuLorenz von SeidleinJakob Brandberg Knudsen Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages414–415 15 Placebo effect influences vaccine responses 安慰剂效应影响疫苗反应 Kyungdeok KimBen TitleJonathan Kipnis Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages416–417 16 Practical solutions to weight management in primary care 初级医疗保健中体重管理的实用解决方案 Nerys AstburyElizabeth Morris Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages418–419 17 Going beyond genomics in precision oncology 精准肿瘤学正在超越基因组学 Irene PaassenMark A. Rubin Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages420–422 Research Briefings（研究简报） 18 Integration of health check-ups into school and healthcare systems can improve adolescent health in LMICs 将健康检查纳入学校和医疗保健系统可改善中低收入国家青少年的健康状况 Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages423–424 19 PD-1 blockade reprograms antiviral immunity and reduces the HIV reservoir PD-1阻断可重编码抗病毒免疫并减少HIV储存库 Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages425–426 20 A low-toxicity linezolid analog has potential for use in all patients with tuberculosis 一种低毒性的利奈唑胺类似物有潜力用于所有结核病患者 Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages427–428 21 Capillary blood sampling for detecting biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease 利用毛细血管采血检测阿尔茨海默病生物标志物 Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages429–430 22 Immune cells in circulation serve as living biomarkers for inflammatory diseases 循环中的免疫细胞可作为炎症性疾病的活体生物标志物 Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages431–432 23 Large-scale analysis identifies metabolites associated with type 2 diabetes 大规模分析确定与2型糖尿病相关的代谢物 Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages433–434 24 Clinically relevant variants from the Mexican biobank show striking diversity across Hispanic people 来自墨西哥生物样本库的临床相关变异在西班牙裔人群中呈现出惊人的多样性 Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages435–436 25 Blood biomarkers reveal pathways associated with multimorbidity 血液生物标志物揭示与多种共病相关的通路 Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages437–438 Perspectives（观点） 26 Scaling medical AI across clinical contexts 跨临床场景扩展医学人工智能应用规模 Michelle M. LiBen Y. ReisMarinka Zitnik Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages439–448 Review Articles（综述） 27 The science of psychedelic medicine 迷幻药医学的科学研究 Joshua S. SiegelConor ListonMichael P. Bogenschutz Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages449–462 Matters Arising（待议问题） 28 Concerns over conclusions in an ultra-processed food trial 对一项超加工食品试验结论的担忧 David S. LudwigWalter C. WillettMary E. Putt Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages463–464 29 Concerns around evidence that food processing should be included in dietary guidance 对将食品加工纳入膳食指南这一证据的质疑 Eric RobinsonCiarán G. Forde Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages465–467 30 Concerns about attributing weight change to processing in a crossover feeding trial 对一项交叉喂养试验中将体重变化归因于食品加工的担忧 Zixuan WangCan Peng Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages468–469 31 Reply to Ludwig, D. S. et al.; Robinson, E. & Forde, C. G.; Wang, Z. & Peng, C. 对Ludwig, D. S.等人、Robinson, E. & Forde, C. G.、Wang, Z. & Peng, C.的回复 Samuel J. DickenAdrian BrownRachel L. Batterham Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages470–471 Brief Communications（简讯） 32 Contaminating plasmid sequences and disrupted vector genomes in the liver following adeno-associated virus gene therapy 腺相关病毒基因治疗后肝脏中出现污染性质粒序列和被破坏的载体基因组 Sarah BuddleLi-An K. BrownJudith Breuer Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages472–480 Articles（论著） 33 Intrathecal onasemnogene abeparvovec in treatment-naive patients with spinal muscular atrophy: a phase 3, randomized controlled trial 在未接受治疗的脊髓性肌萎缩症患者中鞘内注射onasemnogene abeparvovec：一项3期随机对照试验 Crystal M. ProudDũng ChíVũYuh-Jyh Jong Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages481–487 34 Intrathecal onasemnogene abeparvovec for treatment-experienced patients with spinal muscular atrophy: a phase 3b, open-label trial 在已接受治疗的脊髓性肌萎缩症患者中鞘内注射onasemnogene abeparvovec：一项3b期开放标签试验 Jennifer M. KwonFrancina MunellW. Ludo van der Pol Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages488–493 35 Implementation and evaluation of the Y-Check comprehensive adolescent health check-up intervention in Zimbabwe: a pre−post mixed-methods study 在津巴布韦实施并评估Y-Check综合青少年健康检查干预措施：一项前后混合方法研究 Aoife M. DoyleFarirai NzvereRashida A. Ferrand Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages494–504 36 Innate antiviral and immune functions associated with the HIV reservoir decay after anti-PD-1 therapy 抗PD-1疗法后与HIV储存库衰减相关的天然抗病毒和免疫功能 Aarthi TallaJoao L. L. C. AzevedoRafick-Pierre Sekaly Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages505–517 37 Housing modifications for heat adaptation, thermal comfort and malaria vector control in rural African settlements 在非洲农村定居点进行房屋改造以适应高温、提高热舒适度并控制疟疾媒介 Bernard Abong’oDaniel KwaroMartina Anna Maggioni Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages518–526 38 Global burden of amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and opioid use in 204 countries, 1990–2023: a Global Burden of Disease Study 1990 - 2023年全球204个国家安非他明、大麻、可卡因和阿片类药物使用负担：一项全球疾病负担研究 Jiseung KangHyeon Jin KimDong Keon Yon Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages527–544 39 Estimating the number of incorrect tuberculosis diagnoses in low- and middle-income countries 估算中低收入国家结核病误诊数量 Ana van Lieshout TitanPeter J. DoddNicolas A. Menzies Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages545–552 40 Discovery and development of a new oxazolidinone with reduced toxicity for the treatment of tuberculosis 发现并开发一种用于治疗结核病的低毒性新型恶酮类药物 Brendan M. CrowleyHelena I. BoshoffDavid B. Olsen Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages553–560 41 Live-attenuated chikungunya vaccine in children: a randomized phase 2 trial 儿童用减毒活基孔肯雅疫苗：一项随机2期试验 Petronela WeisováSusanne ScheiblauerJuan Carlos Jaramillo Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages561–571 42 Upregulation of reward mesolimbic activity and immune response to vaccination: a randomized controlled trial 奖励性中脑边缘系统活动上调与疫苗接种免疫反应：一项随机对照试验 Nitzan LubianikerTamar KorenTalma Hendler Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages572–581 43 External trigeminal nerve stimulation in youth with ADHD: a randomized, sham-controlled, phase 2b trial 对患有注意力缺陷多动障碍的青少年进行外部三叉神经刺激：一项随机、假对照、2b期试验 Aldo Alberto ContiNatali BozhilovaKatya Rubia Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages582–590 44 A short-acting psychedelic intervention for major depressive disorder: a phase IIa randomized placebo-controlled trial 针对重度抑郁症的短效迷幻药干预措施：一项IIa期随机安慰剂对照试验 David ErritzoeTommaso BarbaEllen James Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages591–598 45 A minimally invasive dried blood spot biomarker test for the detection of Alzheimer’s disease pathology 一种用于检测阿尔茨海默病病理学的微创干血斑生物标志物检测方法 Hanna HuberLaia Montoliu-GayaNicholas J. Ashton Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages599–608 46 Reliability of LLMs as medical assistants for the general public: a randomized preregistered study 大语言模型作为面向普通大众的医疗助手时的可靠性：一项随机预注册研究 Andrew M. BeanRebecca Elizabeth PayneAdam Mahdi Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages609–615 47 A large language model for complex cardiology care 用于复杂心脏病护理的大语言模型 Jack W. O’SullivanAnil PalepuTao Tu Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages616–623 48 Anti-inflammatory therapy with low-dose IL-2 in acute coronary syndromes: a randomized phase 2 trial 急性冠状动脉综合征低剂量白细胞介素-2抗炎治疗：一项随机2期试验 Rouchelle S. Sriranjan-RothwellTian X. ZhaoLeanne Masters Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages624–632 49 Interpretable inflammation landscape of circulating immune cells 循环免疫细胞可解释的炎症特征 Laura Jiménez-GraciaDavide MasperoHolger Heyn Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages633–644 50 Implementation and effectiveness of a care process to prioritize weight management in primary care: a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial 初级医疗保健以体重管理为优先的护理流程的实施及有效性：一项阶梯式整群随机试验 Leigh PerreaultQing PanJodi Summers Holtrop Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages645–652 51 Tirzepatide on obstructive sleep apnea-related cardiometabolic risk: secondary outcomes of the SURMOUNT-OSA randomized trial 替西帕肽对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停相关心代谢风险的影响：SURMOUNT-OSA随机试验的次要结局 Atul MalhotraRonald GrunsteinJosef Bednarik Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages653–659 52 Circulating metabolites, genetics and lifestyle factors in relation to future risk of type 2 diabetes 循环代谢物、遗传因素和生活方式因素与未来2型糖尿病风险的关系 Jun LiJie HuQibin Qi Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages660–670 53 Soluble MAdCAM-1 as a biomarker in metastatic renal cell carcinoma 可溶性黏膜地址素细胞黏附分子-1作为转移性肾细胞癌的生物标志物 Carolina Alves Costa SilvaMarc MachaalaniLaurence Albiges Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages671–681 54 Repotrectinib in NTRK fusion–positive advanced solid tumors: a phase 1/2 trial 瑞普替尼治疗NTRK融合阳性晚期实体瘤：一项1/2期试验 Benjamin BesseJessica J. LinBenjamin J. Solomon Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages682–689 55 Real-world clinical utility of comprehensive genomic profiling in advanced solid tumors 综合基因组测序在晚期实体瘤中的现实临床应用价值 Yuki SaitoSara HorieKeisuke Kataoka Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages690–701 56 CD4+ T cells mediate CAR-T cell-associated immune-related adverse events after BCMA CAR-T cell therapy BCMA CAR-T细胞治疗后，CD4+ T细胞介导CAR-T细胞相关免疫相关不良事件 Matthew HoLuca ParuzzoJoseph A. Fraietta Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages702–716 57 Abemaciclib in meningiomas with somatic NF2 or CDK pathway alterations: the phase 2 Alliance A071401 trial 阿贝西利治疗伴有体细胞NF2或CDK通路改变的脑膜瘤：2期联盟A071401试验 Priscilla K. BrastianosKatharine DooleyEvanthia Galanis Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages717–724 58 Clinical genetic variation across Hispanic populations in the Mexican Biobank 墨西哥生物样本库中西班牙裔人群的临床遗传变异 Carmina Barberena-JonasSantiago G. Medina-MuñozAndrés Moreno-Estrada Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages725–735 59 Shared and specific blood biomarkers for multimorbidity 多种共病的共有和特异性血液生物标志物 Alice Margherita OrnagoCaterina GregorioDavide Liborio Vetrano Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages736–745 60 Eliminating opioid prescriptions from outpatient minimally invasive gynecologic surgery: a randomized trial 在门诊微创妇科手术中取消阿片类药物处方：一项随机试验 Andrew ZakhariJade DésiletsFady W. Mansour Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages746–751 61 A multimodal sleep foundation model for disease prediction 用于疾病预测的多模态睡眠基础模型 Rahul ThapaMagnus Ruud KjaerJames Zou Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages752–762 Amendments & Corrections（修订与更正） 62 Author Correction: Intrathecal onasemnogene abeparvovec for treatment-experienced patients with spinal muscular atrophy: a phase 3b, open-label trial 作者更正：在已接受治疗的脊髓性肌萎缩症患者中鞘内注射onasemnogene abeparvovec：一项3b期开放标签试验 Jennifer M. KwonFrancina MunellW. Ludo van der Pol Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, page763 63 Author Correction: Combined inhibition of BET family proteins and histone deacetylases as a potential epigenetics-based therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma 作者更正：联合抑制BET家族蛋白和组蛋白去乙酰化酶作为基于表观遗传学的胰腺导管腺癌潜在治疗方法 Pawel K. MazurAlexander HernerJens T. Siveke Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, pages763–764 64 Publisher Correction: Interpretable inflammation landscape of circulating immune cells 出版商更正：循环免疫细胞可解释的炎症特征 Laura Jiménez-GraciaDavide MasperoHolger Heyn Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, page765 65 Publisher Correction: argeting of HIF2-driven cachexia in kidney cancer 出版商更正：针对肾癌中缺氧诱导因子2（HIF2）驱动的恶病质的治疗 Muhannad Abu-RemailehLaura A. StranskyWilliam G. Kaelin Jr Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, page766 66 Publisher Correction: Anticoagulation to prevent ischemic stroke and neurocognitive impairment in atrial fibrillation: the BRAIN-AF randomized clinical trial 出版商更正：房颤患者抗凝治疗预防缺血性脑卒中及神经认知障碍：BRAIN-AF随机临床试验 Léna RivardPaul KhairyWilliam Liang Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, page767 67 Editorial Expression of Concern: Direct targeting of Sec23a by miR-200s influences cancer cell secretome and promotes metastatic colonization 编辑关切声明：miR-200s直接靶向Sec23a影响癌细胞分泌组并促进转移性定植 Manav KorpalBrian J. EllYibin Kang Nature Medicine volume 32（2）, page768 Nature Medicine volume 32 Issue 3 自然医学 32卷 3期 https://www.nature.com/nm/volumes/32/issues/3 Editorial（社论） 1 Keep up the momentum for gene therapies 保持基因疗法的强劲势头 Nature Medicine volume 32(3),page769 News（新闻） 2 Blood tests for Alzheimer’s disease could reshape research and care 阿尔茨海默病的血液检测或可重塑研究与护理模式 Natalie Healey Nature Medicine volume 32(3), page770-771 News Feature（新闻特写） 3 The AI co-scientist is here 人工智能合作科学家已登场 David Adam Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages772–775 Correspondence（读者来信） 4 Unintended risks of sarcopenic obesity during weight-loss interventions in older people 老年人在减肥干预过程中出现肌肉减少性肥胖的意外风险 John A. BatsisLorenzo M. DoniniCarla M. Prado Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages776–777 5 PRIMARY-AI: outcomes-based standards to safeguard primary care in the AI era PRIMARY-AI：基于结果的标准用以保障人工智能时代的基础医疗 Dian ZengLorainne Tudor CarTien Yin Wong Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages778–781 6 Professional medical associations as catalytic pathways for advancing women in academic medicine and promoting leadership 专业医学协会：推动女性在医学学术领域发展及提升领导力的催化途径 Fawad A. KhanMargaret T. GopaulMargot Savoy Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages782–784 7 An urgent need to build climate and health intervention trial capacity 构建气候与健康干预试验能力的迫切需求 Andy HainesAna BonellZulfiqar Bhutta Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages785–786 8 Student-led efforts promoting inclusivity and belonging in US medical schools 美国医学院学生主导促进包容性与归属感的行动 Briana MacedoFelipe Rosero CastroCésar A. Briceño Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages787–788 World View（国际视角） 9 Whose ethics govern global health research? 全球卫生研究由谁的伦理规范来主导？ Boghuma Titanji Nature Medicine volume 32(3), pages789-790 Comment（述评） 10 The new vision from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) 美国国家过敏与传染病研究所（NIAID）的新愿景 Jeffery K. TaubenbergerJohn H. PowersJay Bhattacharya Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages791–792 11 Asia Pacific perspectives on global health architecture reform 亚太地区对全球卫生架构改革的看法 Indira Dewi KantianaAprajita KaushikAfifah Rahman-Shepherd Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages793–796 12 Adults with type 1 diabetes define what matters to them in stem-cell derived islet cell therapy 1型糖尿病成人患者对干细胞衍生胰岛细胞治疗的需求界定 Jane SpeightSufyan HussainMichael Vallis Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages797–801 13 Principles to guide clinical AI readiness and move from benchmarks to real-world evaluation 指导临床人工智能准备就绪的原则，以及从基准测试转向真实世界评估的转变 Tej D. AzadHarlan M. KrumholzSuchi Saria Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages802–804 News & Views（新闻与观点） 14 Making antibiotic stewardship guidelines work in real-world settings 让抗生素管理指南在现实环境中发挥作用 Ye ZhangPeipei ZhaoDan Wu Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages805–806 15 Preventive vaccines for hereditary cancer syndromes 遗传性癌症综合征的预防性疫苗 Yonina R. Murciano-GoroffZsofia K. Stadler Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages807–809 16 A daily multivitamin slows the ticking of epigenetic clocks 每日服用复合维生素可减缓表观遗传时钟的“滴答”速度 Daniel W. BelskyCalen P. Ryan Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages810–811 17 Base editing milestone for familial hypercholesterolemia 家族性高胆固醇血症的碱基编辑里程碑 Robert S. RosensonSascha N. Goonewardena Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages812–813 Research Briefings（研究简报） 18 Somatic loss of the Y chromosome complements polygenic risk scores for type 2 diabetes risk prediction 体细胞Y染色体缺失可补充多基因风险评分用于2型糖尿病风险预测 Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages814–815 19 Extracorporeal cross-circulation with genetically modified pig livers in a human decedent model 在人类遗体模型中利用基因编辑猪肝脏进行体外交叉循环 Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages816–817 20 DOPA decarboxylase levels in the cerebrospinal fluid as a diagnostic marker of Lewy body disorders 脑脊液中多巴脱羧酶水平作为路易体病诊断标志物 Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages818–819 Perspectives（观点） 21 A clinical environment simulator for dynamic AI evaluation 用于动态人工智能评估的临床环境模拟器 Luyang LuoSung Eun KimPranav Rajpurkar Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages820–827 Review Articles（综述） 22 Clinical development of cancer vaccines 癌症疫苗的临床开发 John B. HaanenTon N. M. SchumacherCatherine J. Wu Collection: Cancer at Nature Portfolio 系列专题：自然出版集团癌症专题 Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages828–840 Articles（论著） 23 Effects of a comprehensive antibiotic stewardship program on antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections in rural facilities: a cluster randomized trial 综合性抗生素管理计划对农村医疗机构急性呼吸道感染抗生素处方的影响：一项整群随机试验 Xiaolin WeiChao ZhuoNanshan Zhong Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages841–848 24 Genotype-stratified adjunctive dexamethasone for tuberculous meningitis in HIV-negative adults: a randomized controlled phase 3 trial HIV阴性成人结核性脑膜炎的基因型分层辅助地塞米松治疗：一项随机对照3期试验 Joseph DonovanNguyen Duc BangGuy E. Thwaites Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages849–858 25 Mass azithromycin distribution and antibiotic resistance in the gut and nasopharynx: a cluster-randomized trial 大规模阿奇霉素分发对肠道和鼻咽部抗生素耐药性的影响：一项整群随机试验 Thuy DoanDaisy YanThomas M. Lietman Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages859–868 26 Bimagrumab plus semaglutide alone or in combination for the treatment of obesity: a randomized phase 2 trial Bimagrumab与司美格鲁肽单独或联合治疗肥胖：一项随机2期试验 Steven B. HeymsfieldLouis J. AronneKenneth M. Attie Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages869–882 27 An oral, liver-restricted LXR inverse agonist for dyslipidemia: preclinical development and phase 1 trial 一种口服、肝脏限制性LXR反向激动剂治疗血脂异常：临床前开发和1期试验 Xiaoxu LiGiorgia BenegiamoJohan Auwerx Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages883–893 28 Genetic regulation across germline and somatic variation on the Y chromosome contributes to type 2 diabetes Y染色体生殖细胞和体细胞变异的遗传调控对2型糖尿病的影响 Go SatoYuji YamamotoYukinori Okada Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages894–905 29 Microfluidic automation improves oocyte recovery from follicular fluid of patients undergoing in vitro fertilization 微流控自动化技术提高体外受精患者卵泡液中卵母细胞的回收率 Baris R. MutluSabrina C. CivaleEmre Ozkumur Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages906–914 30 Lay community health worker-led care with mobile decision support for uncontrolled hypertension: a cluster-randomized trial 非专业社区卫生工作者主导、移动决策支持辅助的未控制高血压护理：一项整群随机试验 Felix GerberGiuliana Sanchez-SamaniegoNiklaus Daniel Labhardt Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages915–923 31 Remote monitoring of heart failure exacerbations using a smartwatch 使用智能手表远程监测心力衰竭加重情况 Yuan GaoYasbanoo MoayediHeather J. Ross Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages924–933 32 An LLM chatbot to facilitate primary-to-specialist care transitions: a randomized controlled trial 一款大型语言模型聊天机器人助力初级到专科诊疗过渡：一项随机对照试验 Xinge TaoShuya ZhouShasha Han Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages934–942 33 Holistic evaluation of large language models for medical tasks with MedHELM 使用MedHELM对大型语言模型进行医学任务整体评估 Suhana BediHejie CuiNigam H. Shah Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages943–951 34 Neoadjuvant ipilimumab plus nivolumab in melanoma: 5-year survival and biomarker analysis from the phase 2 PRADO-trial 黑色素瘤新辅助伊匹木单抗联合纳武利尤单抗治疗：2期PRADO试验的5年生存率和生物标志物分析 Lotte L. HoeijmakersPetros DimitriadisChristian U. Blank Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages952–963 35 Multimodal antigenic escape to GPRC5D-targeted T cell engagers in multiple myeloma 多发性骨髓瘤对GPRC5D靶向T细胞衔接器的多模态抗原逃逸 Holly LeeSungwoo AhnNizar J. Bahlis Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages964–977 36 Humoral IgG1 responses to tumor antigens underpin clinical outcomes in immune checkpoint blockade 针对肿瘤抗原的体液IgG1反应是免疫检查点阻断临床疗效的基础 Edgar Gonzalez-KozlovaRobert SweeneySacha Gnjatic Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages978–991 37 Linavonkibart and pembrolizumab in immune checkpoint blockade-resistant advanced solid tumors: a phase 1 trial Linavonkibart联合帕博利珠单抗治疗免疫检查点阻断耐药性晚期实体瘤：一项1期试验 Timothy A. YapRandy F. SweisLu Gan Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages992–1001 38 Nous-209 neoantigen vaccine for cancer prevention in Lynch syndrome carriers: a phase 1b/2 trial Nous-209新抗原疫苗预防Lynch综合征携带者癌症：一项1b/2期试验 Anna Morena D’AliseJason WillisEduardo Vilar Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1002–1011 39 Effects of daily multivitamin–multimineral and cocoa extract supplementation on epigenetic aging clocks in the COSMOS randomized clinical trial 在COSMOS随机临床试验中，每日补充复合维生素-矿物质和可可提取物对表观遗传衰老时钟的影响 Sidong LiRikuta HamayaHoward D. Sesso Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1012–1022 40 A fasting-mimicking diet in patients with mild-to-moderate Crohn’s disease: a randomized controlled trial 模拟禁食饮食对轻中度克罗恩病患者的影响：一项随机对照试验 C. KulkarniT. FardeenS. R. Sinha Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1023–1033 41 Extracorporeal liver cross-circulation using transgenic xenogeneic pig livers with brain-dead human decedents 使用转基因异种猪肝脏对脑死亡人类遗体进行体外肝脏交叉循环 Abraham ShakedAlex SagarPeter Friend Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1034–1044 42 In vivo base editing gene therapy for heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: a phase 1 trial 杂合子家族性高胆固醇血症体内碱基编辑基因疗法：一项1期试验 Ping WanSiyuan TangQiang Xia Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1045–1051 43 Obicetrapib in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: the BROOKLYN randomized clinical trial Obicetrapib治疗杂合子家族性高胆固醇血症：BROOKLYN随机临床试验 Stephen J. NichollsAdam J. NelsonMichael H. Davidson Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1052–1060 44 Single-cell atlas of the developing Down syndrome brain cortex 发育中唐氏综合征大脑皮层的单细胞图谱 Michael LattkeWee Leng TanVincenzo De Paola Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1061–1072 45 A quantitative DOPA decarboxylase biomarker for diagnosis in Lewy body disorders 用于路易体病诊断的定量多巴脱羧酶生物标志物 Katharina BolsewigGiovanni BellomoCharlotte E. Teunissen Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1073–1084 46 Predicting onset of symptomatic Alzheimerʼs disease with plasma p-tau217 clocks 利用血浆p-tau217时钟预测症状性阿尔茨海默病的发病 Kellen K. PetersenMarta Milà-AlomàSuzanne E. Schindler Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1085–1094 47 High-dose nusinersen for spinal muscular atrophy: a phase 3 randomized trial 高剂量诺西那生钠治疗脊髓性肌萎缩症：一项3期随机试验 Richard S. FinkelThomas O. CrawfordStephanie Fradette Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1095–1104 48 Anti-CD19 CAR T cells for pediatric patients with treatment-refractory autoimmune diseases 抗CD19嵌合抗原受体T细胞治疗儿科难治性自身免疫性疾病 Marco BecilliMarkus MetzlerFranco Locatelli Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1105–1117 49 BCMA-directed mRNA CAR-T cell therapy for myasthenia gravis: exploratory biomarker analysis of a placebo-controlled phase 2b trial BCMA导向的mRNA嵌合抗原受体T细胞疗法治疗重症肌无力：一项2b期安慰剂对照试验的探索性生物标志物分析 Renee R. FedakRachel N. RuggerieKelly Gwathmey Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1118–1130 50 BCMA-directed mRNA CAR T cell therapy for myasthenia gravis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial BCMA导向的mRNA嵌合抗原受体T细胞疗法治疗重症肌无力：一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的2b期试验 Tuan VuHacer DurmusJames F. Howard Jr Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1131–1141 51 CD19 CAR-T cells for treatment-refractory autoimmune diseases: the phase 1/2 CASTLE basket trial CD19嵌合抗原受体T细胞治疗难治性自身免疫性疾病：1/2期CASTLE篮式试验 Fabian MüllerMelanie HagenGeorg Schett Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1142–1151 Analysis（分析） 52 LLM-assisted systematic review of large language models in clinical medicine 大型语言模型在临床医学中应用的LLM辅助系统综述 Sully F. ChenAnton AlyakinEric K. Oermann Nature Medicine volume 32(3),pages1152–1159 Amendments & Corrections（修订与更正） 53 Author Correction: Global, regional, and national burden of chronic respiratory diseases and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, 1990–2023: a Global Burden of Disease study 作者更正：1990 - 2023年全球、区域和国家慢性呼吸系统疾病负担及新冠肺炎疫情的影响：一项全球疾病负担研究 Jiyeon OhSoeun KimDong Keon Yon Nature Medicine volume 32(3),page1160 54 Author Correction: Detection of undiagnosed liver cirrhosis via AI-enabled electrocardiogram: a pragmatic, cluster-randomized clinical trial 作者更正：通过人工智能心电图检测未诊断的肝硬化：一项实用、整群随机临床试验 Douglas A. SimonettoDavid RushlowVijay H. Shah Nature Medicine volume 32(3),page1160 55 Editorial Expression of Concern: Rescue of Hippo coactivator YAP1 triggers DNA damage–induced apoptosis in hematological cancers 编辑表达关切：拯救Hippo共激活因子YAP1会触发血液系统癌症中DNA损伤诱导的细胞凋亡 Francesca CottiniTeru HideshimaGiovanni Tonon Nature Medicine volume 32(3),page1161 Nature Medicine Volume 32 Issue 4 自然医学 32卷 4期 https://www.nature.com/nm/volumes/32/issues/4 Editorial（社论） 1 Show us the evidence for the value of medical AI 展示医疗人工智能价值的证据 Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, page 1163 News（新闻） 2 Mosquito-borne viruses, vaccine-borne hope 蚊媒病毒：疫苗带来希望 Mike May Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages 1164-1165 News Feature（新闻特写） 3 The patient is now in the room 患者已在房间内 Barbara Nasto Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1166–1169 Correspondence（读者来信） 4 A blueprint to accelerate rare pediatric gene therapy approvals 加速罕见儿科基因疗法审批的蓝图 Mohamed Abou-el-EneinMark C. WaltersDonald B. Kohn Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1170–1171 5 Physicians as context engineers in the era of generative AI 生成式人工智能时代，医生作为情境工程师 Ivan NenadicMarat FudimJonathan Piccini Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1172–1173 6 Surviving as a health equity researcher amidst a shifting political climate 在不断变化的政治气候中作为医疗公平研究者的生存 Annesa FlentjeBrian Mustanski Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1174–1175 7 Precision nutrition must consider cost-effectiveness to deliver benefits to patients 精准营养必须考虑成本效益，才能为患者带来益处 Nicola GuessDan PollardPenny Breeze Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1176–1177 8 Advancing a new generation of heat-health warning system in China 推进中国新一代高温健康预警系统建设 Tiantian LiRunmei MaHongbing Shen Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1178–1179 9 Quality health information for all is a fundamental determinant of health 人人享有优质健康信息是健康的根本决定因素 Lawrence O. GostinScott C. RatzanCarolina Batista Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1180–1181 10 Is AI actually improving healthcare? 人工智能真的在改善医疗保健吗？ Anna GoldenbergJenna Wiens Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1182–1183 World View（世界观点） 11 Hope, hard lessons and the path to better nutrition 希望、惨痛教训与改善营养之路 Purnima Menon Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, page1184 Comment（评论） 12 Embedding equity in clinical research governance 将公平性融入临床研究治理 Johanna M. C. BlomCiara StauntonMelodie Labuschaigne Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1185–1187 13 The role of strategy units in guiding research institutions through complexity 战略部门在引导研究机构应对复杂局面中的作用 Michela Giulia BerteroKatrine Sonne-HansenTeresa Sanchis Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1188–1190 14 Clinically distinct genetic diseases converge on shared, druggable nodes 临床特征不同的遗传病汇聚于共同的、可药物作用的节点 Jillian L. ShawAnna Greka Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1191–1193 News & Views（新闻与观点） 15 Engineering in vivo CAR-T cells 体内工程化CAR-T细胞 Beatrice GrecoMatteo DoglioMonica Casucci Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1194–1195 16 Microbiome modulation in cancer immunotherapy 癌症免疫治疗中的微生物组调节 Sumanta K. PalDiwakar Davar Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1196–1198 17 Integrating health equity into energy transitions and climate governance 将健康公平性融入能源转型和气候治理 Tiantian LiHang DuPeng Du Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1199–1200 Research Briefings（研究简报） 18 Modifiable risk factors drive a large share of the global cancer burden 可改变的风险因素是全球癌症负担的主要驱动因素 Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1201–1202 19 The gut microbiome as a fingerprint of antibiotic use history 肠道微生物组是抗生素使用历史的“指纹” Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1203–1204 20 How inadequate dietary patterns affect global burden of ischemic heart disease 不合理的饮食模式如何影响全球缺血性心脏病的负担 Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1205–1206 21 An atlas to navigate environmental factors and health 一张指引环境因素与健康关系的图谱 Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1207–1208 22 Genes that increase the risk of autism are shared across ancestries 增加自闭症风险的基因在不同族裔中共享 Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1209–1210 Perspectives（观点） 23 Five tenets for advancing evidence-based precision medicine 推进循证精准医学的五大原则 Daniel E. CoralJennifer L. SargentPaul W. Franks Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1211–1222 24 Target product profiles for treatments to delay or prevent symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease 延缓或预防有症状阿尔茨海默病的治疗的目标产品特征 Jeffrey L. CummingsMichael G. AgadjanyanGeorge Vradenburg Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1223–1232 Articles（论著） 25 Time-of-day immunochemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial 非小细胞肺癌日时段免疫化疗：一项随机3期试验 Zhe HuangLiang ZengYongchang Zhang Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1233–1240 26 Ipilimumab and nivolumab followed by chemoradiotherapy as bladder-sparing treatment in muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a phase 2 trial 肌肉浸润性膀胱癌中，伊匹木单抗和纳武利尤单抗联合放化疗用作保膀胱治疗：一项2期试验 Jan-Jaap J. MellemaChantal F. StockemMichiel S. van der Heijden Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1241–1248 27 A small-molecule inverse agonist of PPARγfor advanced solid tumors: a phase 1 trial 一种用于晚期实体瘤的PPARγ小分子反向激动剂：一项1期试验 Matthew D. GalskyCharlene MantiaXin Gao Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1249–1256 28 In vivo generation of anti-BCMA CAR-T cells in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: a phase 1 study 复发或难治性多发性骨髓瘤中体内生成抗BCMA CAR-T细胞：一项1期研究 Ning AnDi WangChunrui Li Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1257–1266 29 Quemliclustat and chemotherapy with or without zimberelimab in metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a randomized phase 1 trial Quemliclustat联合化疗有或无zimberelimab治疗转移性胰腺腺癌：一项随机1期试验 Zev A. WainbergGulam A. ManjiEileen M. O’Reilly Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1267–1277 30 Colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical testing versus usual care in diagnostic colorectal cancer screening: the SCREESCO randomized controlled trial 结肠镜检查和粪便免疫化学检测与常规诊疗在结直肠癌诊断性筛查中的对比：SCREESCO随机对照试验 Marcus WesterbergJonas F. LudvigssonAnna Forsberg Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1278–1285 31 Real-world clinical utility of tumor whole-genome sequencing in solid cancers 实体癌肿瘤全基因组测序在现实中的临床应用价值 Jeffrey van PuttenPetur SnaebjornssonKim Monkhorst Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1286–1295 32 AI-based triage and decision support in mammography and digital tomosynthesis for breast cancer screening: a paired, noninferiority trial 基于人工智能的乳腺癌筛查中乳腺X线摄影和数字断层融合的分级和决策支持：一项配对、非劣效性试验 Esperanza Elías-CabotSara Romero-MartínMarina Álvarez-Benito Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1296–1305 33 Global and regional cancer burden attributable to modifiable risk factors to inform prevention 可改变的风险因素导致的全球和区域癌症负担，为预防提供依据 Hanna FinkOliver LangseliusIsabelle Soerjomataram Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1306–1315 34 Fecal microbiota transplantation plus pembrolizumab and axitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: the randomized phase 2 TACITO trial 粪便微生物群移植联合帕博利珠单抗和阿昔替尼治疗转移性肾细胞癌：随机2期TACITO试验 Serena PorcariChiara CiccareseGianluca Ianiro Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1316–1324 35 Fecal microbiota transplantation plus immunotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: the phase 1 PERFORM trial 粪便微生物群移植联合免疫疗法治疗转移性肾细胞癌：1期PERFORM试验 Ricardo FernandesBehnam JabbarizadehSaman Maleki Vareki Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1325–1336 36 Fecal microbiota transplantation plus immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma: the phase 2 FMT-LUMINate trial 粪便微生物群移植联合免疫疗法治疗非小细胞肺癌和黑色素瘤：2期FMT-LUMINate试验 Sreya DuttaguptaMeriem MessaoudeneArielle Elkrief Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1337–1350 37 Antibiotic use and gut microbiome composition links from individual-level prescription data of 14,979 individuals 基于14979例个人处方数据的抗生素使用与肠道微生物群组成关联分析 Gabriel BaldanziAnna LarssonTove Fall Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1351–1361 38 Evaluation of antimicrobial resistance governance across 193 countries to inform the 2026 Global Action Plan update 对193个国家抗菌药物耐药性治理情况评估，为2026年全球行动计划更新提供依据 Weiye ChenYige ZengYongzhang Zhu Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1362–1373 39 Deciphering the etiology of the 2024 outbreak of undiagnosed febrile illness in Panzi, Democratic Republic of the Congo 解析刚果民主共和国潘济地区2024年不明原因发热疫情的病因 Tony Wawina-BokalangaJean-Claude Makangara-CigoloJean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1374–1382 40 Transmission dynamics of Oropouche virus in Latin America and the Caribbean 奥罗普切病毒在拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的传播动态 Erika R. ManuliXinyi HuaWilliam M. de Souza Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1383–1392 41 Long-term efficacy and safety of the single-dose tetravalent Butantan dengue vaccine 单剂量四价布坦坦登革热疫苗的长期有效性和安全性 Esper G. KallásJosé A. MoreiraMarcus Vínicius Guimarães de Lacerda Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1393–1400 42 A structure-based mRNA vaccine for Nipah virus in healthy adults: a phase 1 trial 基于结构的健康成人尼帕病毒mRNA疫苗：1期试验 Aurélie PloquinRosemarie D. MasonTongqing Zhou Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages 1401–1410 43 Antisense oligonucleotide-mediated knockdown therapy in two infants with severe KCNT1 epileptic encephalopathy 针对两例严重KCNT1癫痫性脑病患儿的反义寡核苷酸介导的基因敲低疗法 Tojo NakayamaChristelle M. El AchkarTimothy W. Yu Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1411–1420 44 LRRK2-targeting antisense oligonucleotide in Parkinson’s disease: a phase 1 randomized controlled trial 针对LRRK2的反义寡核苷酸治疗帕金森病：1期随机对照试验 Omar S. MabroukBen TichlerDanielle L. Graham Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1421–1431 45 Zodasiran for cholesterol and triglyceride lowering in patients with hyperlipidemia: final report of phase 1 basket trial Zodasiran用于高脂血症患者降低胆固醇和甘油三酯：1期篮式试验最终报告 Gerald F. WattsRussell ScottChristie M. Ballantyne Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1432–1443 46 Pulsed field ablation versus conventional thermal ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: 4-year outcomes in the ADVENT-LTO study 脉冲场消融与传统热消融治疗阵发性心房颤动：ADVENT-LTO研究4年结果 Vivek Y. ReddyEdward P. GerstenfeldMoussa Mansour Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1444–1453 47 Global, regional and national burden of ischemic heart disease attributable to suboptimal diet, 1990–2023: a Global Burden of Disease study 1990 - 2023年因饮食不理想导致的全球、区域和国家缺血性心脏病负担：一项全球疾病负担研究 Sooji LeeHayeon LeeDong Keon Yon Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1454–1478 48 Physical activity for public health in the 21st century 21世纪面向公众健康的身体活动 Deborah SalvoInacio Crochemore-SilvaJames Sallis Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1479–1489 49 Socioeconomic and energy transition disparities in air pollution-related mortality across Europe 欧洲空气污染相关死亡的社会经济和能源转型差异 Zhao-Yue ChenHicham AchebakJoan Ballester Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1490–1500 50 An atlas of exposome–phenome associations in health and disease risk 健康和疾病风险中暴露组 - 表型组关联图谱 Chirag J. PatelJohn P. A. IoannidisArjun K. Manrai Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1501–1510 51 Citywide premarital genomic screening in a Middle Eastern population 中东人群的城市范围婚前基因组筛查 Khulood AlblooshiRadwa SharafAhmad Abou Tayoun Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1511–1518 52 Deleterious coding variation associated with autism is shared across ancestries 与自闭症相关的有害编码变异在不同族裔中共享 Marina Natividad AvilaSeulgi JungJoseph D. Buxbaum Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1519–1529 53 Bispecific T cell engagers for treatment-refractory autoimmune connective tissue diseases 双特异性T细胞衔接器治疗难治性自身免疫性结缔组织病 Christina DüsingAndrea-Hermina GyörfiJörg H. W. Distler Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1530–1542 54 An international mega-analysis of psychedelic drug effects on brain circuit function 迷幻药对大脑回路功能影响的国际大型分析 Manesh GirnManoj K. DossDanilo Bzdok Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, pages1543–1554 Amendments & Corrections（修正与更正） 55 Author Correction: Real-world clinical utility of tumor whole-genome sequencing in solid cancers 作者更正：实体癌肿瘤全基因组测序在现实中的临床应用价值 Jeffrey van PuttenPetur SnaebjornssonKim Monkhorst Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, page 1555 56 Author Correction: Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) is a tumor suppressor in T cell lymphoma 作者更正：Wiskott-Aldrich综合征蛋白（WASP）是T细胞淋巴瘤中的肿瘤抑制因子 Matteo MenottiChiara AmbrogioRoberto Chiarle Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, page 1555 57 Author Correction: Real-time surveillance system for patient deterioration: a pragmatic cluster-randomized controlled trial 作者更正：患者病情恶化实时监测系统：一项实用的整群随机对照试验 Sarah C. RossettiPatricia C. DykesKenrick D. Cato Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, page 1556 58 Publisher Correction: Clinical development of cancer vaccines 出版商更正：癌症疫苗的临床开发 John B. HaanenTon N. M. SchumacherCatherine J. Wu Nature Medicine volume 32（4）, page 1557 Nature Medicine Volume 32 Issue 5 自然医学 32卷 5期 https://www.nature.com/nm/volumes/32/issues/5 Editorial（社论） 1 Combating infectious diseases in a fragmented world 在碎片化的世界中抗击传染病 Editorial Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, page1559 News（新闻） 2 Hope for control of a centuries-old epidemic 控制一场持续数百年的流行病的希望 Barbara Nasto Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1560-1562 News Feature（新闻专题） 3 Brazil’s big bet on mosquitos 巴西在蚊子身上的重大赌注 Anita Makri Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1563–1566 Correspondence（读者来信） 4 A reasonably likely surrogate endpoint for metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis 代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎的一个可能的合理替代终点 Arun J. SanyalMichelle T. LongTheresa Perney Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1567–1568 5 The rise and fall of US federally funded human fetal tissue research 美国联邦资助的人类胎儿组织研究的兴衰 Dylan P. ReichertAaron D. Levine Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1569–1570 6 Making infectious disease data local and as accessible as the weather forecast 让传染病数据像天气预报一样本地化且易于获取 Natalie E. DeanCaitlin M. Rivers Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1571–1572 7 Local control, remote expertise: governing therapeutic telemedicine in wartime 本地控制，远程专家：战时治疗性远程医疗的治理 Andrea CusumanoOleg ParkhomenkoMarco Lombardo Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1573–1574 8 Brazilian elimination of mother-to-child HIV transmission: lessons for large-scale global health systems 巴西消除母婴艾滋病毒传播：对大规模全球卫生体系的启示 Emilia M. JalilValdiléa G. VelosoBeatriz Grinsztejn Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1575–1576 9 An international and independent scientific foundation for AI governance 一个用于人工智能治理的国际性独立科学基金会 Bilal A. Mateen Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1577–1578 World View（世界观点） 10 Africa’s moment for health security 非洲卫生安全的关键时刻 Jean Kaseya Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1579 Comment（评论） 11 A genomics health strategy for the Arabian Gulf 阿拉伯海湾地区的基因组学健康战略 Hamad AliBarrak AlahmadAhmad Abou Tayoun Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1580–1582 12 HPV vaccines, 20 years on HPV疫苗，二十年回顾 Karen Canfell Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1583–1585 13 Closing the gap on antifungal resistance 缩小抗真菌耐药性的差距 Paul E. VerweijAna Alastruey-IzquierdoDarius Armstrong‑James Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1586–1591 News & Views（新闻与观点） 14 Uncovering risk factors in the exposome for early-onset colorectal cancer 揭示早发性结直肠癌暴露组中的风险因素 David J. LeeSylvan BacaKimmie Ng Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1592–1593 15 Modifying exposure to plastic-associated chemicals in daily living 在日常生活中减少塑料相关化学品的暴露 Eliane El HayekMatthew CampenBethany Jorgensen Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1594–1595 16 Rethinking triage for febrile children in low-resource settings 重新思考资源匮乏地区发热儿童的分诊策略 Mihir R. AtreyaLuregn J. Schlapbach Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1596–1597 17 The ghost of tuberculosis past 结核病的昔日幽灵 Anete TrajmanJonathon R. Campbell Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1598–1599 Research Briefings（研究简报） 18 ChatGPT Health triage advice falls short in key cases ChatGPT健康分诊建议在关键病例中表现不佳 Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1600–1601 19 A biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease could be a useful diagnostic tool for other amyloidoses 阿尔茨海默病的生物标志物可作为其他淀粉样变性的有用诊断工具 Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1602–1603 20 Early kidney risk prediction in APOL1 high-risk genotype carriers APOL1高风险基因型携带者的早期肾脏风险预测 Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1604–1605 21 Intestinal metaplasia is the only precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma 肠化生是食管腺癌的唯一癌前病变 Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1606–1607 22 Exposure to negative physical and social factors accelerates brain aging 暴露于身体和社会负面因素会加速大脑衰老 Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1608–1609 Perspectives（观点） 23 Global vaccine development 全球疫苗开发 Jerome H. KimNicaise Ndembi Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1610–1622 24 The future of diagnostics in Africa 非洲诊断学的未来 Yenew KebedeNqobile NdlovuTrevor Peter Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1623–1633 Review Articles（综述） 25 Climate change and infectious diseases 气候变化与传染病 Rachel E. BakerAleksandra R. StamperC. Jessica E. Metcalf Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1634–1645 26 Global approaches to infectious disease surveillance and modeling 传染病监测和建模的全球方法 Mark P. KhuranaJoseph L.-H. TsuiMoritz U. G. Kraemer Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1646–1660 Brief Communications（短评） 27 Rapid expansion of genotype D1.1A(H5N1) influenza viruses in wild birds across North America during the 2024 migratory season 2024年迁徙季节期间D1.1 A(H5N1)基因型流感病毒在北美野鸟中的快速扩张 Walter N. HarringtonAnthony SignoreRichard J. Webby Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1661–1665 28 Evidence of monkeypox virus clade IIb lineage A.2.2 in the Republic of the Congo and co-circulation of clade Ia, Ib and clade IIb 刚果共和国发现猴痘病毒IIb分支A.2.2系以及Ia、Ib和IIb分支的共同传播的证据 Felix Koukouikila-KoussoundaClaude Kwe YindaFabien Roch Niama Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1666–1670 29 ChatGPT Health performance in a structured test of triage recommendations ChatGPT健康在结构化分诊建议测试中的表现 Ashwin RamaswamyAlvira TyagiGirish N. Nadkarni Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1671–1675 30 Blood phosphorylated tau elevation as a biomarker in immunoglobulin light chain and transthyretin amyloidosis 血液磷酸化tau升高作为免疫球蛋白轻链和转甲状腺素蛋白淀粉样变性的生物标志物 Stephan A. KaeserStephanie A. SchultzMathias Jucker Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1676–1681 31 Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for major cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in type 1 diabetes 胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂对1型糖尿病患者主要心血管和肾脏预后的影响 Yunwen XuNatalie Daya MalekJung-Im Shin Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1682–1685 Articles（论著） 32 Semaglutide on liver fibrosis and heart outcomes in patients at high risk of liver fibrosis: a prespecified analysis of the SELECT randomized trial 塞马格鲁肽对肝纤维化高风险患者肝脏纤维化和心脏预后的影响：SELECT随机试验的预设分析 Sebastian M. MeyhöferBertrand CariouChristoffer W. Tornøe Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1686–1693 33 The NPR1 agonist antibody XXB750 in heart failure: a phase 2 randomized trial NPR1激动剂抗体XXB750治疗心力衰竭：一项2期随机试验 Scott D. SolomonJohn J. V. McMurrayMartin P. Lefkowitz Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1694–1700 34 Proteomic risk score for early prediction of kidney disease progression in individuals with APOL1 high-risk genotypes 蛋白质组学风险评分用于APOL1高风险基因型个体肾病进展的早期预测 Chenyu LiShola M. RichardsKatalin Susztak Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1701–1707 35 The TREM2 agonistic antibody AL002 in early Alzheimer’s disease: a phase 2 randomized trial TREM2激动性抗体AL002治疗早期阿尔茨海默病：一项2期随机试验 Catherine J. MummeryArthur J. MayorgaGiacomo Salvadore Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1708–1716 36 A cognitive layer architecture to support large-language model performance in psychotherapy interactions 支持大语言模型在心理治疗交互中表现的认知层架构 Max RollwageJessica McFadyenRoss Harper Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1717–1725 37 Advancing conversational diagnostic AI with multimodal reasoning 利用多模态推理推进会话式诊断人工智能 Khaled SaabChunjong ParkRyutaro Tanno Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1726–1736 38 AI-based chest X-ray prioritization in the lung cancer diagnostic pathway: the LungIMPACT randomized controlled trial 基于人工智能的胸部X线在肺癌诊断路径中的优先级排序：LungIMPACT随机对照试验 Nick WoznitzaLesley SmithDavid R. Baldwin Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1737–1744 39 Enhanced dynamic risk stratification of smoldering multiple myeloma 冒烟型多发性骨髓瘤的增强动态风险分层 Floris ChabrunDaniel E. SchwartzIrene M. Ghobrial Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1745–1753 40 Liquid biopsy for the diagnosis of EBV-positive Burkitt’s lymphoma in endemic areas 液体活检用于地方性区域EBV阳性伯基特淋巴瘤的诊断 Clara ChambaHeavenlight ChristopherAnna Schuh Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1754–1762 41 CRISPR−Cas9 CD33-deleted allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with gemtuzumab ozogamicin maintenance in AML: a phase 1/2 trial CRISPR-Cas9 CD33敲除异基因造血干细胞移植联合吉妥珠单抗 Ozogamicin 维持治疗AML：一项1/2期试验 John F. DiPersioGuenther KoehneBrenda W. Cooper Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1763–1772 42 Isatuximab, carfilzomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a randomized phase 3 trial 伊沙妥昔单抗、卡非佐米、来那度胺和地塞米松治疗新诊断多发性骨髓瘤：一项随机3期试验 Francesca GayWilfried RoeloffzenAnnemiek Broijl Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1773–1782 43 Pembrolizumab and olaparib in homologous-recombination-deficient metastatic pancreatic cancer: the phase 2 POLAR trial 帕博利珠单抗和奥拉帕利治疗同源重组缺陷转移性胰腺癌：2期POLAR试验 Wungki ParkCatherine A. O’ConnorEileen M. O’Reilly Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1783–1793 44 Elraglusib and chemotherapy in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a randomized controlled phase 2 trial Elraglusib联合化疗治疗转移性胰腺导管腺癌：一项随机对照2期试验 Devalingam MahalingamRachna T. ShroffTanios S. Bekaii-Saab Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1794–1804 45 Integrated epidemiological and molecular data inform the relationship between precancer and cancer states of esophageal adenocarcinoma 整合流行病学和分子数据揭示食管腺癌癌前状态与癌症状态之间的关系 Shahriar A. ZamaniLianlian WuRebecca C. Fitzgerald Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1805–1816 46 Implementation of the NHS England Lung Cancer Screening Programme over 5 years NHS英格兰肺癌筛查计划五年实施情况 Richard W. LeeArjun NairTim Windle Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1817–1826 47 Epigenetic fingerprints link early-onset colon and rectal cancer to pesticide exposure 表观遗传指纹将早发性结直肠癌与农药暴露联系起来 Silvana C. E. MaasIosune BaraibarJose A. Seoane Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1827–1837 48 The exposome of brain aging across 34 countries 横跨34个国家的大脑衰老暴露组 Agustina LegazSebastian MoguilnerAgustin Ibanez Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1838–1851 49 A deep joint-learning proteomics model for diagnosis of six conditions associated with dementia 一种深度联合学习蛋白质组学模型用于诊断六种与痴呆相关的疾病 Lijun AnAlexa Pichet BinetteJacob W. Vogel Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1852–1864 50 Intravitreal photoswitch therapy in advanced retinitis pigmentosa: a phase 1 open-label trial 玻璃体内光开关疗法治疗晚期视网膜色素变性：一项1期开放标签试验 Robert J. CassonEric DanielsRussell N. Van Gelder Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1865–1870 51 Low-plastic diet and urinary levels of plastic-associated phthalates and bisphenols: the randomized controlled PERTH Trial 低塑料饮食与尿液中塑料相关邻苯二甲酸酯和双酚水平：随机对照PERTH试验 Amelia J. HarrayAndrew D. LucasMichaela Lucas Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1871–1883 52 Diet–microbiome associations in 10,068 individuals from the Human Phenotype Project to guide personalized nutrition 来自人类表型项目的10,068例个体的饮食-微生物组关联分析，以指导个性化营养 Tomer SegevDaniel BarakEran Segal Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1884–1894 53 Cross-reactive anti-prophage antibodies and bacterial heteroresistance implicated in phage therapeutic failure 交叉反应性抗前噬菌体抗体和细菌异质性耐药与噬菌体治疗失败有关 F. Gordillo AltamiranoD. SubediA. Y. Peleg Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1895–1906 54 Predicting referral need for febrile children in low-resource community settings in South and Southeast Asia 预测南亚和东南亚资源匮乏社区环境中发热儿童的转诊需求 Arjun ChandnaConstantinos KoshiarisSakib Burza Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1907–1916 55 Genomic epidemiology of the 2025 mpox epidemic in Sierra Leone 2025年塞拉利昂猴痘流行的基因组流行病学 Allan K. O. CampbellJohn Demby SandiDonald S. Grant Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1917–1926 56 Long-term risk of death after tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment 结核病诊断和治疗后的长期死亡风险 Thiago Cerqueira-SilvaViviane Sampaio BoaventuraJulia M. Pescarini Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, pages1927–1934 Amendments & Corrections（修订与更正） 57 Author Correction: Obicetrapib in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: the BROOKLYN randomized clinical trial 作者更正：Obicetrapib治疗杂合子家族性高胆固醇血症患者：BROOKLYN随机临床试验 Stephen J. NichollsAdam J. NelsonMichael H. Davidson Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, page1935 58 Author Correction: High-dose nusinersen for spinal muscular atrophy: a phase 3 randomized trial 作者更正：高剂量努西奈森治疗脊髓性肌萎缩症：一项3期随机试验 Richard S. FinkelThomas O. CrawfordStephanie Fradette Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, page1936 59 Publisher Correction: Reliability of LLMs as medical assistants for the general public: a randomized preregistered study 出版商更正：大语言模型作为公众医疗助手的可靠性：一项随机预注册研究 Andrew M. BeanRebecca Elizabeth PayneAdam Mahdi Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, page1937 60 Editorial Expression of Concern: Isolated small intestinal segments support auxiliary livers with maintenance of hepatic functions 社论关注表达：孤立小肠段支持辅助肝脏并维持肝功能 Brigid JosephEkaterine BerishviliSanjeev Gupta Nature Medicine volume 32（5）, page1938 Nature Medicine Volume 32 Issue 6 自然医学 32卷 6期 https://www.nature.com/nm/volumes/32/issues/6 Editorial（社论） 1 Medical innovation in LMICs: can India lead the way? 中低收入国家的医疗创新：印度能否引领发展？ Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, page1939 News（新闻） 2 At last, a pipeline for treating kidney disease 肾病治疗药物管线终于建成 Carrie Arnold Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1940-1941 News Feature（新闻专题） 3 Who owns my health data? 我的健康数据归谁所有？ Paul Webster Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages 1942–1945 Correspondence（读者来信） 4 The Q-MONSTAR consortium: advancing fault-tolerant quantum computing for precision oncology Q-MONSTAR联盟：研发容错量子计算技术助力精准肿瘤学 Mitsuho ImaiRiu YamashitaTakayuki Yoshino Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1946–1947 5 How to meaningfully evaluate AI in clinical medicine 如何对临床医学人工智能开展有实际意义的评估 Mahmud OmarReem AgbareiaGirish N. Nadkarni Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1948–1949 6 Ten lessons from a decade of scientific translation at the Crick 克里克研究所十年科研转化的十条经验 Stephen MayhewDave AllenDavid Roblin Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1950–1951 7 The value of patient-focused drug development 以患者为中心开展药物研发的价值 Allison MartinRuss Paulsen Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1952–1953 8 The TARGET guideline for reporting observational studies of interventions 干预性观察研究报告规范TARGET指南 Harrison J. HansfordJames H. McAuleyAidan G. Cashin Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1954–1955 9 Naming in medicine: how disease nomenclature shapes diagnosis, research and patient lives 医学命名：疾病命名体系如何影响临床诊断、科研进展与患者生活 Helena TeedeRachel MormanElisabet Stener-Victorin Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1956–1957 World View（全球视野） 10 When cure exists but access does not 有药可医，却无药可用 Ali T. Taher Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, page1958 Comment（评论） 11 Data-Driven Decision Support in Obesity Management Commission: enabling more equitable and personalized obesity care 肥胖管理数据决策支持委员会：推动更加公平、个体化的肥胖诊疗 Paul W. FranksSara G. I. SulimanCarel W. le Roux Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1959–1961 12 Framework for the pharmacological treatment of obesity and its complications from the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO): 2026 update 欧洲肥胖研究学会（EASO）肥胖及其并发症药物治疗框架：2026版更新 Andreea CiudinJennifer L. BakerBarbara McGowan Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1962–1966 13 The arrival of digital twins and in silico trials in drug development 数字孪生与虚拟临床试验走进药物研发领域 Ashley L. EadieHolly Fernandez LynchRavi B. Parikh Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1967–1971 14 Clinical trials for continuously monitored and updated AI systems 面向持续监测与迭代更新人工智能系统的临床试验设计 Wouter A. C. van AmsterdamMichael OberstAnna Goldenberg Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1972–1974 News & Views（新闻与观点） 15 Translating ‘food is medicine’ from concept to reality 把“食物即是良药”从理念落地为现实 Juliet CushingWendelin SlusserTannaz Moin Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1975–1976 16 A new treatment for preterm pre-eclampsia could benefit mother and child 早产子痫前期新疗法有望惠及母婴双方 Meryam SugulleAnne Cathrine Staff Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1977–1978 17 Harnessing the power of biomarkers for diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas 挖掘生物标志物价值，用于弥漫性内生型桥脑胶质瘤研究 Jasia Mahdi Collection: Cancer at Nature Portfolio 专题合集：自然旗下期刊肿瘤研究专辑 Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1979–1980 18 Integrating public health into house design 将公共卫生理念融入住宅设计 Nelli WestercampJohn E. Gimnig Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1981–1982 Research Briefings（研究简报） 19 Microglia at a key inflection point in Alzheimer’s disease 小胶质细胞迎来阿尔茨海默病研究的关键转折点 Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1983–1984 20 Blood signatures of cell type-specific aging forecast disease risk and resilience 细胞特异性衰老血液特征可预测患病风险与机体抗逆能力 Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1985–1986 21 Gut microbiome screens could identify risk of Parkinson’s disease years before symptoms appear 肠道微生物筛查可在帕金森病出现症状多年前识别患病风险 Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1987–1988  22 A data-driven risk stratification framework for clinical obesity 面向肥胖临床诊疗的数据驱动型风险分层体系 Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1989–1990 23 Pathogenic germline variants identify elevated cancer risk in pediatric patients referred for genetic testing 致病性生殖系变异可提升接受基因检测儿童患者的肿瘤患病风险检出率 Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1991–1992 24 Autonomous pathology research using agentic AI shows potential in oncology 智能自主AI助力病理学研究，在肿瘤领域展现应用前景 Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1993–1994 25 The Hong Kong Genome Project is a flagship initiative for precision medicine in Chinese populations 香港基因组计划：华人人群精准医学的旗舰项目 Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1995–1996 Perspectives（观点） 26 AI-induced never-skilling in medical education AI引发医学教育中的“技能零习得”困境 Yuhe KeLiyuan JinNan Liu Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages1997–2006 Review Articles（综述） 27 Resetting autoimmune disease with CAR cell therapies 利用CAR细胞疗法重塑自身免疫病治疗格局 Georg SchettHuji Xu Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2007–2016 Articles（论著） 28 Benralizumab versus placebo for hypereosinophilic syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial 贝那利珠单抗对比安慰剂治疗嗜酸性粒细胞增多综合征：一项随机、安慰剂对照III期临床试验 Princess U. OgboguFlorence RoufosseAmy D. Klion Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2017–2025 29 Low-dose oral nicotinamide mononucleotide for immune thrombocytopenia: a phase 1/2 trial 低剂量口服烟酰胺单核苷酸治疗免疫性血小板减少症：I/II期临床试验 Huiyuan LiYuan XuLei Zhang Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2026–2036 30 Performance of traumatic encephalopathy syndrome criteria in identifying individuals with chronic traumatic encephalopathy 创伤性脑病综合征诊断标准对慢性创伤性脑病患者的识别效能 John D. ArenaWilliam StewartDouglas H. Smith Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2037–2046 31 Human microglial transitions at the Aβ–tau inflection point associate with divergent pathways to dementia and resilience β淀粉样蛋白-tau病理拐点处人类小胶质细胞的转化特征，对应痴呆发病与疾病抵抗的不同通路 Ashley LuWei-Ting ChenBart De Strooper Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2047–2059 32 Plasma proteomic signatures of cellular aging predict human disease Daisy Yi DingVeronica Augustina BotTony Wyss-Coray 细胞衰老的血浆蛋白质组学特征可预测人类疾病发生风险 Series: Global Neurodegeneration Proteomics Consortium 系列专题：全球神经退行性疾病蛋白质组学联盟 Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2060–2072 33 A multimodal biomarker strategy to enhance diagnostic precision in neurodegenerative parkinsonism 多模态生物标志物方案提升神经退行性帕金森病的诊断精准度 Ivan Martinez-ValbuenaMaziar EmamikhahAnthony E. Lang Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2073–2082 34 An acetylated Tau-174 CSF biomarker discriminates between TDP-43 and tau pathology in patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration 脑脊液乙酰化Tau-174生物标志物可区分额颞叶变性患者的TDP-43蛋白与tau蛋白病理类型 Madison I. J. HoneyYanaika S. Hok-A-HinCharlotte E. Teunissen Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2083–2095 35 Microbiome signature of Parkinson’s disease in healthy and genetically at-risk individuals 健康人群及高遗传风险人群中帕金森病的微生物组特征 Elisa MenozziYani RenAnthony H. V. Schapira Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2096–2106 36 Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila MucT for weight loss maintenance in people with overweight and obesity: a controlled randomized trial 灭活嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌MucT用于超重与肥胖人群的体重维持：一项随机对照试验 Sarah MountEmanuel E. CanforaEllen E. Blaak Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2107–2116 37 Data-driven prioritization of high-risk individuals for weight loss interventions 依托大数据筛选优先开展减重干预的高危人群 Kamil DemircanJulia Carrasco-ZaniniClaudia Langenberg Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2117–2127  38 DASH-patterned groceries and effects on blood pressure in adults treated for hypertension: the GoFreshRx randomized trial 得舒饮食模式生鲜食材对高血压患者血压的影响：GoFreshRx随机临床试验 Stephen P. JuraschekHannah ColStephanie L. Fitzpatrick Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2128–2136 39 AAV gene therapy for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: a phase 1 trial AAV基因疗法治疗纯合子家族性高胆固醇血症：I期临床试验 Tao ZhengGe GaoYue Wu Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2137–2146 40 Medically tailored meals receipt and healthcare utilization and costs in Massachusetts’ Medicaid demonstration 马萨诸塞州医疗补助试点项目：定制医学膳食与医疗资源利用及医疗成本分析 Kurt HagerMatthew AlcuskyDariush Mozaffarian Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2147–2154 41 Time-restricted eating for body weight management in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial 限时进食对多囊卵巢综合征女性体重的调控效果：随机对照试验 Sarah CorapiMary-Claire RuncheySofia Cienfuegos Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2155–2163 42 Assessing quality of childbirth care provided by skilled health personnel in Exemplar countries 模范国家内持证医务工作者分娩照护服务质量评估 Laith Hussain-AlkhateebYao HeDavid E. Phillips Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2164–2172 43 Targeted removal of soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 in very preterm preeclampsia: a pilot trial 靶向清除可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体1治疗极早发型子痫前期：一项预试验 Ravi ThadhaniThomas F. HiemstraS. Ananth Karumanchi Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2173–2181 44 First-line zolbetuximab plus mFOLFOX6 and nivolumab in unresectable CLDN18.2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a phase 2 trial zolbetuximab联合mFOLFOX6方案+纳武利尤单抗一线治疗CLDN18.2阳性不可切除胃及胃食管结合部腺癌：II期临床试验 Kohei ShitaraHirokazu ShojiSamuel J. Klempner Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2182–2190 45 Fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibition for succinate dehydrogenase-deficient gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a phase 2 trial 成纤维细胞生长因子受体抑制剂治疗琥珀酸脱氢酶缺陷型胃肠间质瘤：II期临床试验 Priscilla MerriamJames J. MorrowSuzanne George Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2191–2200 46 Targeted therapies plus radiotherapy for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: the randomized phase 2 BIOMEDE trial 靶向治疗联合放疗治疗弥漫性内生型桥脑胶质瘤：随机II期BIOMEDE临床试验 Marie-Anne DebilyGwenael Le TeuffJacques Grill Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2201–2215 47 Tumor-targeted interferon-α gene therapy for glioblastoma: a phase 1 trial 靶向肿瘤的干扰素α基因疗法治疗胶质母细胞瘤：I期临床试验 Bernhard GentnerMarica EoliLuigi Naldini Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2216–2226 48 Trabectedin and low-dose irinotecan to target EWS::FLI1 in Ewing sarcoma: a phase 1/2 trial 曲贝替定联合低剂量伊立替康靶向抑制EWS::FLI1融合基因治疗尤因肉瘤：I/II期临床试验 Patrick J. GroharRachel HeiseRashmi Chugh Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2227–2237 49 Pathogenic germline variations and cancer risks in pediatric patients referred for genetic testing 接受基因检测的儿科患者致病性生殖系变异与肿瘤发病风险研究 Huijun WangXinran DongWenhao Zhou Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2238–2244 50 Gotistobart or docetaxel in metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer: stage 1 of the randomized phase 3 PRESERVE-003 trial 戈替司他对比多西他赛治疗转移性鳞状非小细胞肺癌：随机III期PRESERVE-003试验第一阶段研究 Byoung Chul ChoRama BalaramanYi-Long Wu Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2245–2253 51 An agentic framework for autonomous scientific discovery in cancer pathology 面向肿瘤病理学自主科研发现的智能运行框架 Florian TrostBide ZhangYuri Tolkach Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2254–2266 52 A socially assistive robot to support mental wellbeing in LGBTQ+ young people at risk of self-harm: a randomized controlled trial 社交辅助机器人改善存在自伤风险性少数青少年心理健康：随机对照试验 A. Jess WilliamsC. Aubrey RhodesPetr Slovak Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2267–2276 53 Population-scale genomic medicine with the Hong Kong Genome Project 依托香港基因组计划开展人群规模基因组医学研究 Dingge YingChing-Lung CheungBrian Hon Yin Chung Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2277–2287 54 Effects of SGLT2 inhibition on incident heart failure in carriers of cardiomyopathy-associated genetic variants SGLT2抑制剂对心肌病遗传变异携带者新发心力衰竭的影响 Nicholas A. MarstonShinwan KanyChristian T. Ruff Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2288–2293 55 A sustainable house design to improve child health in rural Africa: a cluster-randomized controlled trial 非洲农村地区改善儿童健康的可持续住宅设计：整群随机对照试验 Salum MshamuMavuto MukakaLorenz von Seidlein Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2294–2301  Resources（资源数据库） 56 The All of Us Research Program’s wearables dataset 全民健康研究项目可穿戴设备数据集 Theresa PattenEdward A. PrebleAmy Rose Price Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages2302–2310 57 Plasma proteomic signature of the human menstrual cycle 人类月经周期的血浆蛋白质组特征 Iben RiishedeLine RodeJonas Ghouse Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, pages 2311–2318 Amendments & Corrections（修订与勘误） 58 Author Correction: Benralizumab versus placebo for hypereosinophilic syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial 作者勘误：贝那利珠单抗对比安慰剂治疗嗜酸性粒细胞增多综合征：一项随机、安慰剂对照III期临床试验 Princess U. OgboguFlorence RoufosseAmy D. Klion Nature Medicine volume 32（6）, page 2319