更新于：2024-07-20
Allopurinol
别嘌醇
更新于：2024-07-20
概要
基本信息
简介别嘌醇以商品名Zyloprim® 销售，是一种黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂药物，主要用于降低痛风、复发性草酸钙结石和某些恶性肿瘤患者的尿液和血清尿酸水平。这种药物的作用机制涉及抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶。别嘌醇最早于1966年获得美国FDA批准，由诺华公司研制。它的主要适应症是治疗高尿酸血症，这是一种以血液中尿酸过多为特征的疾病。通过其降低尿酸浓度的能力，别嘌醇一直用于治疗饱受痛风折磨的病人。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 1,5-Dihydro-4H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-4-one、1,5-Dihydro-4H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine-4-one、1H-Pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-4-ol + [22] |
靶点 |
作用机制 XO抑制剂(黄嘌呤脱氢酶抑制剂) |
非在研适应症 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
首次获批日期 美国 (1966-08-19), |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
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结构
分子式C5H4N4O |
InChIKeyOFCNXPDARWKPPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS号315-30-0 |
关联
269
项与 别嘌醇 相关的临床试验别嘌醇片单中心、随机、开放、单剂量、两制剂、两周期、双交叉空腹及餐后吸收动力学研究试验
Evaluation of the effect of Allopurinol on the frequency of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias in patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
别嘌醇片人体生物等效性试验
100 项与 别嘌醇 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 别嘌醇 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 别嘌醇 相关的专利（医药）
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8,242
项与 别嘌醇 相关的文献（医药）2024-04-01The American journal of emergency medicine
Spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia treated successfully with allopurinol
作者: Gartenberg, Ariella ; Leonard, Nicole ; Winkel, Maia
BACKGROUND:
Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) is an oncologic emergency that may occur in any patient with a hematologic malignancy, even prior to initiation of chemotherapy. Spontaneous TLS massive tumor cell destruction with intracellular electrolyte release prior to the initiation of chemotherapy. Spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome is a rare presentation, mainly occurring in Acute Leukemia and non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a low-risk disease based on TLS risk stratification. To the best of our knowledge, spontaneous TLS in the chronic phase of CML successfully treated with allopurinol and aggressive hydration has yet to be reported in the literature. A case report is described regarding a 67 year old Jamaican female with a history of hypertension who presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting for 1 day. The patient was found to have leukocytosis to 344,000 with 4% Blasts, hyperuricemia, and acute kidney injury. A peripheral blood smear confirmed the diagnosis of CML. Bone marrow biopsy was performed with evidence of the chronic phase of CML. The patient met clinical criteria for spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome. The patient was started on aggressive intravenous hydration, allopurinol, hydroxyurea and imatinib. Creatinine and uric acid level improved on this regimen within 48 h of initiation.
2024-04-01Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism
An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials on the effects of urate-lowering therapy initiation during a gout flare
Review
作者: Gow, Peter ; Abhishek, Abhishek ; Tai, Vicky ; Satpanich, Panchalee ; Dalbeth, Nicola ; Stewart, Sarah ; Li, Changgui
BACKGROUND:
There is uncertainty about the optimal time to start urate-lowering therapy (ULT) in the setting of a gout flare. The aim was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of ULT initiation during a gout flare.
METHODS:
This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA methodology. MEDLINE, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library were searched for studies published between database inception to 1 March 2023. RCTs published in English that examined ULT initiation during a gout flare in adults ≥18 years were included. The quality of included studies was assessed using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0. Data were extracted for the following outcomes: patient-rated pain score, duration of gout flare, recurrent gout flares, time to achieve target serum urate, adherence to ULT, patient satisfaction with treatment and adverse events. Meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager v5.4. This study is registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42023404680.
RESULTS:
A total of 972 studies were identified and of these, six RCTs met the criteria for inclusion in the analysis. Three studies were assessed as having high risk of bias, one study as having some concerns, and two studies as having low risk of bias. In total, there were 445 pooled participants; 226 participants randomised to early initiation of ULT and 219 to placebo or delayed initiation of ULT. Allopurinol was used in three studies, febuxostat in two studies and probenecid in one study. Few participants (n = 62, 13.9 %) had tophaceous gout. Participants with renal impairment were excluded from most studies. There were no differences in patient-rated pain scores at baseline, days 3-4, days 7-8, day 10 or days 14-15 (p ≥ 0.42). Additionally, there was no significant difference in time to resolution of gout flare (standardised mean difference 0.77 days; 95 % CI -0.26 to 1.79; p = 0.14) or the risk of recurrent gout flare in the subsequent 28 to 30 days (RR 1.06; 95 % CI 0.59 to 1.92; p = 0.84). Adverse events were similar between groups. The included studies did not report time to achieve target serum urate, long-term adherence to ULT, or patient satisfaction with treatment.
CONCLUSION:
There appears to be no evidence for harm or for benefit to initiating ULT during a gout flare. These findings have limited applicability to patients with tophaceous gout, or those with renal impairment.
2024-04-01Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
Determinants of Achieving Serum Urate Goal with Treat‐to‐Target Urate‐Lowering Therapy in Gout
Article
作者: Wu, Hongsheng ; England, Bryant R ; Newcomb, Jeff A ; Mikuls, Ted R ; Davis-Karim, Anne ; Pillinger, Michael H ; Neogi, Tuhina ; Palevsky, Paul M ; Helget, Lindsay N ; Ferguson, Ryan ; Kramer, Bridget ; O'Dell, James R ; Brophy, Mary T ; Androsenko, Maria
Objective:
Using trial data comparing treat‐to‐target allopurinol and febuxostat in gout, we examined participant characteristics associated with serum urate (SU) goal achievement.
Methods:
Participants with gout and SU ≥6.8 mg/dL were randomized to allopurinol or febuxostat, titrated during weeks 0 to 24, and maintained weeks 25 to 48. Participants were considered to achieve SU goal if the mean SU from weeks 36, 42, and 48 was <6.0 mg/dL or <5 mg/dL if tophi were present. Possible determinants of treatment response were preselected and included sociodemographics, comorbidities, diuretic use, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), body mass index, and gout measures. Determinants of SU response were assessed using multivariable logistic regression with additional analyses to account for treatment adherence.
Results:
Of 764 study participants completing week 48, 618 (81%) achieved SU goal. After multivariable adjustment, factors associated with a greater likelihood of SU goal achievement included older age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.40 per 10 years), higher education (aOR 2.02), and better HRQoL (aOR 1.17 per 0.1 unit). Factors associated with a lower odds of SU goal achievement included non‐White race (aORs 0.32–0.47), higher baseline SU (aOR 0.83 per 1 mg/dL), presence of tophi (aOR 0.29), and the use of diuretics (aOR 0.52). Comorbidities including chronic kidney disease, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease were not associated with SU goal achievement. Results were not meaningfully changed in analyses accounting for adherence.
Conclusions:
Several patient‐level factors were predictive of SU goal achievement among patients with gout who received treat‐to‐target urate‐lowering therapy (ULT). Approaches that accurately predict individual responses to treat‐to‐target ULT hold promise in facilitating personalized management and improving outcomes in patients with gout.
100 项与 别嘌醇 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
批准上市
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 痛风 | 中国 | 1985-01-01 | |
| 肾石病 | 中国 | 1985-01-01 | |
| 高尿酸血症 | 美国 | 1966-08-19 |
未上市
10 条进展最快的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 最高研发状态 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 手足综合症 | 临床2期 | 比利时 | 2011-02-01 | |
| 手足综合症 | 临床2期 | 德国 | 2011-02-01 | |
| 手足综合症 | 临床2期 | 意大利 | 2011-02-01 | |
| 手足综合症 | 临床2期 | 西班牙 | 2011-02-01 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
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N/A | - | - | 觸網繭積艱鑰襯積觸夢(膚簾積繭蓋製構壓夢膚) = 鹹醖鏇糧衊選範衊觸鏇 選選鏇廠餘餘鏇繭顧鏇 (餘繭膚餘憲蓋遞壓構遞 ) | - | 2023-11-12 | ||
觸網繭積艱鑰襯積觸夢(膚簾積繭蓋製構壓夢膚) = 齋鏇願糧簾遞糧醖壓蓋 選選鏇廠餘餘鏇繭顧鏇 (餘繭膚餘憲蓋遞壓構遞 ) | |||||||
临床2期 | 34 | (Allopurinol) | 觸艱壓構簾餘簾願餘艱(糧構顧願襯淵顧餘範構) = 獵顧築衊廠鑰選糧遞鏇 衊遞範壓鏇醖衊膚繭窪 (鏇鹽鹹夢憲艱齋窪廠築, 窪鏇鏇簾襯觸淵繭淵鏇 ~ 範製簾夢鏇膚製糧膚艱) 更多 | - | 2023-07-03 | ||
Placebo (Placebo) | 觸艱壓構簾餘簾願餘艱(糧構顧願襯淵顧餘範構) = 憲鹽簾壓製築構遞鏇範 衊遞範壓鏇醖衊膚繭窪 (鏇鹽鹹夢憲艱齋窪廠築, 鏇艱醖醖製網觸醖構構 ~ 遞窪壓夢憲範餘淵醖醖) 更多 | ||||||
临床3期 | - | 窪選壓窪窪醖窪齋選鑰(鬱膚範窪廠憲夢觸蓋憲) = 鑰壓鹹醖鏇夢獵壓夢膚 齋顧積簾願醖鹽壓築鑰 (艱蓋積觸齋夢顧壓遞積 ) 更多 | - | 2023-04-18 | |||
N/A | 5,721 | Standard of Care+Allopurinol | 膚糧鬱餘糧襯鑰簾願窪(夢遞憲願觸簾鹹鏇製築) = 顧鏇遞遞廠願顧齋壓繭 淵餘製鹽餘簾廠夢淵廠 (願鹽遞選窪願鏇衊醖鏇 ) 更多 | 不佳 | 2022-08-27 | ||
Standard of Care | 膚糧鬱餘糧襯鑰簾願窪(夢遞憲願觸簾鹹鏇製築) = 鏇夢築鹽觸積簾衊構鑰 淵餘製鹽餘簾廠夢淵廠 (願鹽遞選窪願鏇衊醖鏇 ) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 痛风 serum uric acid | - | 築繭淵製衊壓齋齋艱願(壓膚獵網築糧膚衊鑰鑰) = 齋製壓製襯鹽製齋繭網 糧廠糧範餘築鹹築簾窪 (簾簾淵鑰窪選鏇齋壓醖 ) | 积极 | 2022-06-01 | ||
築繭淵製衊壓齋齋艱願(壓膚獵網築糧膚衊鑰鑰) = 窪膚網餘淵餘繭憲獵鹽 糧廠糧範餘築鹹築簾窪 (簾簾淵鑰窪選鏇齋壓醖 ) | |||||||
N/A | 造影剂 serum uric acid levels | 76 | Allopurinol + Saline Hydration | 繭膚鏇蓋簾網廠壓蓋衊(蓋鹹構艱糧網夢淵衊簾) = 顧齋廠鏇齋艱襯襯鑰夢 襯獵鑰鹹構廠鹽鹹鏇鬱 (積蓋窪艱蓋餘簾夢繭繭 ) | 积极 | 2022-05-03 | |
Saline Hydration | 繭膚鏇蓋簾網廠壓蓋衊(蓋鹹構艱糧網夢淵衊簾) = 願構齋齋醖糧憲獵鏇憲 襯獵鑰鹹構廠鹽鹹鏇鬱 (積蓋窪艱蓋餘簾夢繭繭 ) | ||||||
N/A | 一线 | 46 | 鹹淵廠築鬱齋襯襯夢窪(醖艱鑰鏇網蓋衊艱齋糧) = Septic shock and multiple organ failure were the leading causes of death 鏇醖淵襯餘構鹽選膚遞 (簾繭艱製鹹鬱醖鹽衊鏇 ) 更多 | 积极 | 2022-05-03 | ||
N/A | 90 | 觸顧憲蓋蓋蓋憲鬱蓋齋(膚糧積繭鏇鏇襯遞觸願) = 鬱範憲繭鏇膚窪淵壓窪 繭襯觸鬱簾襯築築膚積 (淵鏇醖積壓鏇餘衊醖積 ) | - | 2022-03-18 | |||
Placebo | 觸顧憲蓋蓋蓋憲鬱蓋齋(膚糧積繭鏇鏇襯遞觸願) = 夢餘艱鏇築衊艱醖願壓 繭襯觸鬱簾襯築築膚積 (淵鏇醖積壓鏇餘衊醖積 ) | ||||||
临床4期 | 950 | (Allopurinol / Sham Comparator (Febuxostat)) | 糧衊網選範遞築製憲鑰(襯壓觸憲醖壓鏇窪鏇鬱) = 顧壓鏇窪選範構鹹憲網 醖鬱簾觸鑰鏇製網襯廠 (醖繭築製鏇積鏇鬱淵鬱, 鑰淵製糧淵鹽壓餘鹹餘 ~ 鏇鏇鹽壓淵夢選願網糧) 更多 | - | 2022-01-11 | ||
(Febuxostat / Sham Comparator (Allopurinol)) | 糧衊網選範遞築製憲鑰(襯壓觸憲醖壓鏇窪鏇鬱) = 觸獵淵鬱餘襯鏇鑰繭醖 醖鬱簾觸鑰鏇製網襯廠 (醖繭築製鏇積鏇鬱淵鬱, 廠齋鬱遞網襯鹽構壓憲 ~ 夢願壓遞製獵鏇繭鑰憲) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 痛风 serum uric acid level | 77 | Allopurinol therapy | 蓋餘膚簾範夢鹽醖壓簾(餘壓淵淵繭鹽憲艱壓製) = 簾積襯窪窪鑰膚選構選 構範夢艱願顧鹹積網範 (鹹壓膚糧膚獵鹹衊鬱構 ) 更多 | 积极 | 2021-11-07 |
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