Teropavimab

– Long-Term Outcomes Reinforce the High Efficacy of Biktarvy® in People with HIV and HBV Coinfection – – Investigational Long-Acting, Twice-Yearly Treatment Regimen of Lenacapavir and Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies (bNAbs) Meets Primary Endpoint in Phase 2 Study and Gains Breakthrough Therapy Designation – – Late-Breaker Oral Presentation of Phase 2 Results from the First HIV Cure Clinical Trial Conducted in South Africa – FOSTER CITY, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Gilead Sciences, Inc. (Nasdaq: GILD) today announced the presentation of late-breaking data and multiple oral presentations from its innovative HIV treatment portfolio and pipeline at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2025). The new findings reflect a transformative portfolio and a rapidly advancing forward-looking pipeline focused on expanding choices and enhancing outcomes for those with HIV, while continuing to reach towards a cure. “Gilead is fueling the next wave of innovation in HIV to help end the epidemic globally,” said Jared Baeten, MD, PhD, Senior Vice President, Virology Therapeutic Area Head. “Our contributions to CROI spotlight our dedication to scientific discovery, reflect our commitment to addressing the diverse treatment needs and preferences of communities affected by HIV and underscore the vital importance of catalyzing research reaching towards a cure.” Biktarvy Demonstrates High Rates of Viral Suppression in People with HIV/HBV Coinfection ALLIANCE (NCT03547908) is an ongoing Phase 3 study evaluating Biktarvy versus dolutegravir 50 mg (DTG) + emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg, F/TDF, DTG+F/TDF, in adults with HIV-1/HBV co-infection initiating treatment. The ALLIANCE trial is the first randomized clinical trial of TAF- vs TDF-based regimens in treatment naïve adults with HIV/HBV coinfection. Its goal is to evaluate treatment regimens that may effectively suppress both HIV and HBV. Previously reported results demonstrated the efficacy of both antiretroviral regimens. New outcomes were presented at CROI. Week 48 outcomes from the open-label extension phase following the 96-week randomized phase reported on the longer-term efficacy and safety of the investigational use of Biktarvy in adults with HIV/HBV coinfection initiating treatment. The newly presented data shows that Biktarvy maintained high rates of HIV-1 (95.4%) and HBV (86.6%) virologic suppression, defined as HIV RNA <50 copies/ mL and HBV DNA <29 IU/ mL, respectively, in participants (n=89) following a switch to Biktarvy after 96 weeks of treatment with DTG+ F/TDF. Study drug-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported in 19% of participants and most were mild to moderate, with zero discontinuations due to TEAEs. The most commonly reported study drug–related TEAEs were weight gain (9%) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol increased (3%). These data demonstrate the high rates of viral suppression by Biktarvy in adults with both HIV-1 and HBV switching their treatment to Biktarvy. The use of Biktarvy in individuals with HIV/HBV co-infection is investigational and the safety and efficacy of this use have not been established. Breakthrough Therapy Designation Awarded to Long-Acting, Twice-Yearly Investigational Treatment Combination Regimen of Lenacapavir and Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies (bNAbs) In January 2025, the FDA granted lenacapavir (LEN) with bNAbs (teropavimab [GS-5423, TAB] and zinlirvimab [GS-2872, ZAB]) Breakthrough Therapy Designation, which is intended to expedite the development of new drugs that may demonstrate substantial improvement over available therapy. LEN+TAB+ZAB (LTZ) harbors the potential to be the first long-acting combination treatment regimen with twice-yearly dosing. At CROI 2025, the primary results of a Phase 2 study evaluating the investigational combination of LTZ were presented during an oral session and featured in the press program; those data announced at CROI confirm previously presented Phase 1b results. The Phase 2 (NCT05729568) open-label study from Gilead’s long-acting treatment pipeline evaluated the treatment response of participants receiving the investigational combination of LTZ. Efficacy and safety results were evaluated when virologically suppressed adults switched to LTZ every 6 months versus staying on stable baseline oral antiretroviral regimen. The study met its primary endpoint, which is the proportion of participants with HIV-1 RNA ≥ 50 copies/mL at Week 26 as determined by the US FDA-defined snapshot algorithm. The Week 26 data demonstrated the high efficacy of the LTZ regimen, with 96% (n=51 of 53) of participants who received LTZ and 96% (n=26 of 27) who received SBR remained virologically suppressed. CD4 cell counts also increased from baseline to week 26 in both groups, with a mean change of +23/μL (n=143) with LTZ and +69/μL (n=203) with SBR. The most common AEs with LTZ were injection site reactions related to subcutaneous LEN administration. There were no serious adverse events (AEs) related to LTZ; there were no infusion reactions related to TAB or ZAB. One participant in the SBR arm discontinued the study due to a serious treatment-related AE. Teropavimab and zinlirvimab are investigational compounds. The use of these compounds in combination with lenacapavir are investigational. They are not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or any other regulatory authority for any use, alone or in combination with lenacapavir. Their safety and efficacy are unknown. The use of lenacapavir in virologically suppressed people with HIV is investigational and the safety and efficacy of this use have not been established. Landmark HIV Cure Clinical Trial Conducted in South Africa Results from the first HIV cure trial to be conducted in South Africa, sponsored by Gilead, demonstrated that complex cure studies can be successfully conducted, alongside community, in resource-limited settings where great unmet need exists. As part of Gilead’s efforts to find a cure for HIV, the Phase 2a GS-US-382-5445 trial (NCT05281510) enrolled 20 South African cisgender women from the FRESH (Females Rising through Education, Support, and Health) cohort who had received antiretroviral therapy (ART) soon after acquiring HIV and were virologically suppressed for at least 12 months. Participants received up to 10 oral doses of Gilead’s investigational TLR7 agonist, vesatolimod, every 2 weeks starting on day 0, plus IV infusions of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) VRC07-523LS and CAP256V2LS, provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), on day 7. Participants began an analytical treatment interruption (ATI) on Day 35 and remained off ART until Week 48, or until they met restart criteria. Participants who reached week 48 without meeting ART restart criteria had the option of remaining off ART through the end of study follow-up at Week 60. Results presented at CROI showed the treatment combination was generally well-tolerated with no treatment-related serious adverse events (TEAEs) reported. The most common study TEAEs were infusion-related reactions (n = 18; 16 grade 1, 2 grade 2). Seventy percent of participants (n=14) met ART restart criteria. Thirty percent (n=6) remained off ART through Week 48, of which 4 remained off ART through Week 60. While the data suggest that the trial regimen alone is not sufficient as an HIV cure regimen, the mechanistic learnings will inform the development of future cure approaches. There is currently no cure for HIV or AIDS. Vesatolimod, VRC07-523LS and CAP256V2LS are investigational compounds. They are not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or any other regulatory authority for any use, alone or in combination. Their safety and efficacy are unknown. Please see below for U.S. Indications and Important Safety Information, including Boxed Warning, for Biktarvy. About Lenacapavir Lenacapavir is approved in multiple countries for the treatment of adults with multi-drug resistant HIV in combination with other antiretrovirals. The use of lenacapavir for HIV prevention is investigational and the safety and efficacy of lenacapavir for this use have not been established. The multi-stage mechanism of action of lenacapavir is distinguishable from other currently approved classes of antiviral agents. While most antivirals act on just one stage of viral replication, lenacapavir is designed to inhibit HIV at multiple stages of its lifecycle and has no known cross resistance exhibited in vitro to other existing drug classes. Lenacapavir is being evaluated as a long-acting option in multiple ongoing and planned early and late-stage clinical studies in Gilead’s HIV prevention and treatment research program. Lenacapavir is being developed as a foundation for potential future HIV therapies with the goal of offering both long-acting oral and injectable options with several dosing frequencies, in combination or as a mono agent, that help address individual needs and preferences of people and communities affected by HIV. Science Magazine named lenacapavir its 2024 “Breakthrough of the Year.” About Biktarvy Biktarvy is a complete HIV treatment that combines three powerful medicines to form the smallest 3-drug, integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based single-tablet regimen (STR) available, offering simple once-daily dosing with or without food, with a limited drug interaction potential and a high barrier to resistance. Biktarvy combines the novel, unboosted INSTI bictegravir with the F/TAF backbone. Biktarvy is a complete STR and should not be taken with other HIV medicines. U.S. Indication for Biktarvy Biktarvy (bictegravir 50 mg/emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir alafenamide 25 mg) is indicated as a complete regimen for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and pediatric patients weighing at least 14 kg who have no antiretroviral (ARV) treatment history or to replace the current ARV regimen in those who are virologically-suppressed (HIV-1 RNA <50 copies per mL) on a stable ARV regimen with no known or suspected substitutions associated with resistance to bictegravir or tenofovir. U.S. Important Safety Information for Biktarvy BOXED WARNING: POST TREATMENT ACUTE EXACERBATION OF HEPATITIS B Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis B have been reported in patients who are coinfected with HIV-1 and HBV and have discontinued products containing emtricitabine (FTC) and/or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and may occur with discontinuation of BIKTARVY. Closely monitor hepatic function with both clinical and laboratory follow-up for at least several months in patients who are coinfected with HIV-1 and HBV and discontinue BIKTARVY. If appropriate, anti-hepatitis B therapy may be warranted. Contraindications Coadministration: Do not use BIKTARVY with dofetilide or rifampin. Warnings and precautions Drug interactions: See Contraindications and Drug Interactions sections. Consider the potential for drug interactions prior to and during BIKTARVY therapy and monitor for adverse reactions. Immune reconstitution syndrome, including the occurrence of autoimmune disorders with variable time to onset, has been reported. New onset or worsening renal impairment: Postmarketing cases of renal impairment, including acute renal failure, proximal renal tubulopathy (PRT), and Fanconi syndrome have been reported with tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)–containing products. Do not initiate BIKTARVY in patients with estimated creatinine clearance (CrCl) <30 mL/min except in virologically suppressed adults <15 mL/min who are receiving chronic hemodialysis. Patients with impaired renal function and/or taking nephrotoxic agents (including NSAIDs) are at increased risk of renal-related adverse reactions. Discontinue BIKTARVY in patients who develop clinically significant decreases in renal function or evidence of Fanconi syndrome.Renal monitoring:Prior to or when initiating BIKTARVY and during therapy, assess serum creatinine, CrCl, urine glucose, and urine protein in all patients as clinically appropriate. In patients with chronic kidney disease, assess serum phosphorus. Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis: Fatal cases have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogs, including FTC and TDF. Discontinue BIKTARVY if clinical or laboratory findings suggestive of lactic acidosis or pronounced hepatotoxicity develop, including hepatomegaly and steatosis in the absence of marked transaminase elevations. Adverse reactions Most common adverse reactions(incidence ≥5%; all grades) in clinical studies through week 144 were diarrhea (6%), nausea (6%), and headache (5%). Drug interactions Prescribing information: Consult the full prescribing information for BIKTARVY for more information on Contraindications, Warnings, and potentially significant drug interactions, including clinical comments. Enzymes/transporters: Drugs that induce P-gp or induce both CYP3A and UGT1A1 can substantially decrease the concentration of components of BIKTARVY. Drugs that inhibit P-gp, BCRP, or inhibit both CYP3A and UGT1A1 may significantly increase the concentrations of components of BIKTARVY. BIKTARVY can increase the concentration of drugs that are substrates of OCT2 or MATE1. Drugs affecting renal function: Coadministration of BIKTARVY with drugs that reduce renal function or compete for active tubular secretion may increase concentrations of FTC and tenofovir and the risk of adverse reactions. Dosage and administration Dosage: Adult and pediatric patients weighing ≥25 kg: 1 tablet containing 50 mg bictegravir (BIC), 200 mg emtricitabine (FTC), and 25 mg tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) taken once daily with or without food. Pediatric patients weighing ≥14 kg to <25 kg: 1 tablet containing 30 mg BIC, 120 mg FTC, and 15 mg TAF taken once daily with or without food. For children unable to swallow a whole tablet, the tablet can be split and each part taken separately as long as all parts are ingested within approximately 10 minutes. Renal impairment: For patients weighing ≥25 kg, not recommended in patients with CrCl 15 to <30 mL/min, or <15 mL/min who are not receiving chronic hemodialysis, or <15 mL/min who are receiving chronic hemodialysis and have no antiretroviral treatment history. For patients weighing ≥14 kg to <25 kg, not recommended in patients with CrCl <30 mL/min. Hepatic impairment: Not recommended in patients with severe hepatic impairment. Prior to or when initiating: Test patients for HBV infection. Prior to or when initiating, and during treatment: As clinically appropriate, assess serum creatinine, CrCl, urine glucose, and urine protein in all patients. In patients with chronic kidney disease, assess serum phosphorus. Pregnancy and lactation Pregnancy: BIKTARVY is recommended in pregnant individuals who are virologically suppressed on a stable ARV regimen with no known substitutions associated with resistance to any of the individual components of BIKTARVY. Lower plasma exposures of BIKTARVY were observed during pregnancy; therefore, viral load should be monitored closely during pregnancy. An Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (APR) has been established. Available data from the APR for BIC, FTC, or TAF show no difference in the rates of birth defects compared with a US reference population. Lactation: Individuals infected with HIV-1 should be informed of the potential risks of breastfeeding. About Gilead HIV Gilead Sciences, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company that has pursued and achieved breakthroughs in medicine for more than three decades, with the goal of creating a healthier world for all people. The company is committed to advancing innovative medicines to prevent and treat life-threatening diseases, including HIV, viral hepatitis, COVID-19, and cancer. Gilead operates in more than 35 countries worldwide, with headquarters in Foster City, California. For more than 35 years, Gilead has been a leading innovator in the field of HIV, driving advances in treatment, prevention and cure research. Gilead researchers have developed 12 HIV medications, including the first single-tablet regimen to treat HIV, the first antiretroviral for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to help reduce new HIV infections, and the first long-acting injectable HIV treatment medication administered twice-yearly. Our advances in medical research have helped to transform HIV into a treatable, preventable, chronic condition for millions of people. Gilead is committed to continued scientific innovation to provide solutions for the evolving needs of people affected by HIV around the world. Through partnerships, collaborations and charitable giving, the company also aims to improve education, expand access and address barriers to care, with the goal of ending the HIV epidemic for everyone, everywhere. Gilead has been repeatedly recognized as one of the top two leading philanthropic funders of HIV-related programs in a report released by Funders Concerned About AIDS. Forward Looking Statements This press release includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, including Gilead’s ability to initiate, progress or complete clinical trials within currently anticipated timelines or at all, and the possibility of unfavorable results from ongoing or additional clinical trials, including those involving Biktarvy, bictegravir, lenacapavir, teropavimab, zinlirvimab and GS-1720 (such as the ALLIANCE, ARTISTRY, BICSTaR, NCT04811040 and NCT05585307 studies); uncertainties relating to regulatory applications and related filing and approval timelines, including potential applications for indications currently under evaluation, and the risk that any regulatory approvals, if granted, may be subject to significant limitations on use or subject to withdrawal or other adverse actions by the applicable regulatory authority; the possibility that Gilead may make a strategic decision to discontinue development of programs for indications that are currently under evaluation, including bictegravir, lenacapavir, teropavimab, zinlirvimab and GS-1720, and, as a result, these programs may never be successfully commercialized for such indications; and any assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. These and other risks, uncertainties and factors are described in detail in Gilead’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. These risks, uncertainties and other factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those referred to in the forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical fact are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements. The reader is cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties and is cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are based on information currently available to Gilead, and Gilead assumes no obligation and disclaims any intent to update any such forward-looking statements. U.S. full Prescribing Information for Biktarvy, including Boxed Warning, and U.S. full Prescribing Information for lenacapavir is available at www.gilead.com Gilead, Biktarvy and the Gilead logo are registered trademarks of Gilead Sciences, Inc., or its related companies. For more information about Gilead, please visit the company’s website at www.gilead.com , follow Gilead on X/Twitter ( @Gilead Sciences ) and LinkedIn , or contact Gilead Public Affairs at public_affairs@gilead.com , 1-800-GILEAD-5 or 1-650-574-3000. Blair Baumwell, Media public_affairs@gilead.com Jacquie Ross, Investors investor_relations@gilead.com

▎药明康德内容团队报道 今日，吉利德科学（Gilead Sciences）宣布，美国FDA已接受其长效HIV预防药物lenacapavir（来那帕韦）的新药申请，用于HIV感染的暴露前预防（PrEP）。这款新药已于今年1月在中国获批首个适应症，用于治疗多重耐药型HIV感染成人患者。其一年仅需注射两次，有望为HIV预防带来重要突破。这一消息再次将公众视野聚焦于HIV治疗领域。 近年来，HIV治疗领域不断取得突破，从每日服药到长效注射，从单一疗法到联合用药，患者拥有了更多治疗选择。与此同时，更多在研HIV新药管线还在继续推进，致力于为患者带来更多高效、安全、便利的治疗选择。本文盘点10多款正在中国进行临床开发的HIV研发管线（包括联合疗法，不完全统计），这些在研产品涵盖核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂、非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂、整合酶抑制剂、IL-7融合蛋白、IL-21融合蛋白、α4β7整合素单克隆抗体、抗PD-L1联合疗法、治疗性核酸疫苗等各类机制药物。 图片来源：123RF 歌礼：ASC22联合西达本胺 作用机制：抗PD-L1抗体联合HDAC抑制剂 根据歌礼公开资料，该公司正在推进ASC22联合西达本胺用于人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染功能性治愈的2期临床研究。ASC22（恩沃利单抗）是一款可皮下注射的抗PD-L1单域抗体，通过阻断PD-1/PD-L1信号通路发挥治疗作用，具有重建慢性病毒感染患者病毒特异性免疫应答的潜力。歌礼已经从苏州康宁杰瑞获得ASC22全球独家开发和商业化权益，用于治疗包括乙型肝炎和艾滋病在内的所有病毒性疾病。西达本胺是微芯生物开发的一款亚型选择性组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDAC）抑制剂，已在中国获批用于治疗外周T细胞淋巴瘤、乳腺癌等适应症。 此前于2023年7月公布的2期临床研究结果显示，ASC22联合西达本胺疗法具有良好的耐受性，且有效地激活了潜伏的HIV病毒库。 前沿生物：FB1002（3BNC117联合艾博韦泰） 作用机制：抗HIV的广谱中和抗体+HIV长效融合抑制剂 FB1002是前沿生物正在开发一种抗HIV病毒药物，这是将艾博韦泰（艾可宁，已在中国获批上市）与3BNC117组成的联合疗法，为长效、注射、双靶点融合抑制剂，拟每2~4周给药一次。 根据前沿生物公开资料介绍，该组合疗法拟探索“多重耐药、维持疗法、免疫治疗和预防”多种适应症。在多重耐药适应症方面，艾博韦泰联合3BNC117抗体作用靶点分别为HIV膜蛋白GP41和GP120，都可阻止HIV病毒进入CD4+T细胞，也可以阻断细胞介导的感染。两药组合可提供更广泛的病毒株覆盖，产生更高数量级和持续时间更长的抗逆转录病毒效果。在免疫疗法适应症上，通过激活免疫系统清除被HIV病毒感染的细胞（即病毒库），提高针对HIV病毒的自身免疫反应，使患者在一定期间内不使用任何药物而病毒复制得到有效控制，探索功能性治愈。目前，该组合疗法正处于2期临床研究阶段。 艾迪药业：ACC017片 作用机制：HIV整合酶抑制剂 ACC017片是艾迪药业在研的化学1类新药，为全新结构的整合酶链转移抑制剂。通过抑制HIV整合酶活性，可有效阻断HIV基因组整合进入宿主基因组DNA，临床拟用于治疗HIV感染。临床前研究显示ACC017抗病毒效果良好、与其它多种抗逆转录病毒药物具有协同作用、安全窗大等特点。该产品药物口服吸收暴露水平良好，可支持每日给药一次。目前，ACC017片已进入1b/2a期临床研究阶段。 康宝生物、中国医学科学院病原生物学研究所：利普韦肽、LP-98 作用机制：HIV膜融合抑制剂 利普韦肽是一款多肽类HIV膜融合抑制剂。该产品是在对HIV融合蛋白结构与功能深入研究的基础上，通过理性设计而获得的强效膜融合抑制剂，研究表明，其对各种亚型HIV的抑制活性提高数千倍之多，而且对T20耐药病毒株也高度有效；在恒河猴SHIV感染模型，利普韦肽单独给药可以迅速将病毒载量降到检测线以下水平，表现出长效的治疗效果。根据中国药物临床试验登记与信息公示平台，康宝生物与中国医学科学院病原生物学研究所正在开展一项2期临床研究，评价注射用利普韦肽联合核苷药物在未接受过抗病毒治疗的HIV感染者中的有效性、安全性。 此外，康宝生物与中国医学科学院病原生物学研究所还正在开发LP-98，这是在对利普韦肽结构与功能深入研究的基础上进一步优化的膜融合抑制剂，通过恒河猴模型研究发现，其低剂量单药治疗能够有效抑制SHIV（一种HIV和SIV嵌合病毒）病毒复制，且维持长期有效的治疗效果。该产品正处于1/2期临床阶段，研究旨在评估在未接受过抗病毒治疗的HIV感染者中多次皮下注射LP-98后的安全性和耐受性。 杰科生物：JL18008注射液 作用机制：长效IL-7融合蛋白 JL18008注射液为杰科生物及美国Jecho Labs研发的长效IL-7细胞因子融合蛋白，其通过受体结合，激活JAK/STAT、PI3K/AKT信号通路，提高HIV免疫重建不良患者的CD4+T淋巴细胞计数水平，进而重建免疫功能。该分子通过巧妙的序列设计，解决了传统细胞因子类药物在体内半衰期较短的痛点。 该产品目前正在中国开展1/2期临床研究，并已经在美国获批临床，针对HIV免疫重建不良患者。绝大多数HIV/AIDS患者经抗逆转录病毒治疗后可实现免疫功能重建，即CD4+ T淋巴细胞数量和免疫功能恢复至正常或接近正常水平，但仍有部分HIV/AIDS患者即使能够长期维持病毒抑制，仍不能实现免疫重建，这些患者被称为免疫重建不良者或免疫无应答者（INRs）。 艾伯维：ABBV-382 作用机制：α4β7整合素单克隆抗体 α4β7整合素在HIV-1感染的发病机制中起重要作用。ABBV-382是一种α4β7整合素单克隆抗体，可通过直接拮抗α4β7与其同源配体MAdCAM-1或HIV-1 gp120的相互作用，从而抑制HIV-1复制/细胞间传播。在中国，ABBV-382正在开展1期临床，用于在不联合抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）的情况下持续抑制免疫介导的HIV。 在全球范围内，艾伯维还在开发ABBV-181 (budigalimab，抗PD-1）和ABBV-382的组合（研发代号：ABBV-1882），正在研究作为一种抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)的HIV病毒控制方案，目前处于2期临床阶段。 真实生物：CL-197 作用机制：嘌呤核苷抗病毒药物 CL-197是一款在研新型口服HIV候选药物，为新一代口服长效嘌呤核苷抗病毒药物。该产品通过口服给药，其半衰期超过168小时，有望每周仅需服药一次。这种相对方便的服药方案亦可能提高服药依从性，从而改善临床结果。根据真实生物最新的招股书显示，该公司已经针对CL-197开展了1期临床研究，预计2025年完成。 此外，真实生物还基于阿兹夫定与CL-197在治疗HIV感染方面的潜在联合长效作用，开发了全口服长效复方片剂（阿兹夫定/CL-197），目前正处于临床前研究阶段。阿兹夫定是一款同时针对逆转录酶和病毒感染因子的双靶点治疗HIV感染核苷类口服药物，真实生物认为，阿兹夫定/CL-197通过对三靶点的联合作用，作为一种鸡尾酒疗法，可有效降低耐药性出现。 医克生物：ICVAX 作用机制：艾滋病治疗性核酸疫苗 ICVAX为医克生物在研的艾滋病治疗性核酸疫苗，该产品旨在诱导具有广谱、多功能病毒特异性T细胞，实现无须抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）而控制病毒复制的目标。2024年11月，医克生物公布了ICVAX的1期临床研究积极结果。研究显示，接受ICVAX疫苗的受试者皆诱导出预期的T细胞免疫应答。在接受最佳ICVAX剂量的受试者中，大多数人的T细胞反应增加了2倍以上。值得关注的是，受试者体内的一种独特的T细胞亚群在接种ICVAX后有所增长，而这种T细胞亚群是在“精英控制者”（elite controllers）内能够抑制艾滋病病毒的功能性T细胞。目前，医克生物正准备与NMPA沟通多中心、双盲、安慰剂对照、剂量探索的2期临床试验方案，进一步探索 ICVAX 的免疫原型性和控制病毒载量的有效性。 乘典生物：CD-001 作用机制：IL-21融合蛋白药物 CD-001是乘典生物针对目前临床PD-1抑制剂肿瘤治疗有效率不高的问题，自主研发的一种靶向肿瘤反应性CD8+T细胞的IL-21融合蛋白药物，在阻断PD-1免疫抑制信号的同时，体内选择性扩增肿瘤反应性CD8+T细胞，可显著提高免疫治疗的疗效。该产品拟开发的适应症包括肿瘤和HIV感染，其中针对实体瘤适应症已经在中国和美国获批IND，针对HIV适应症预计于2025年上半年在中国和美国申报IND。 恒瑞医药：HRS5685 作用机制：化药1类新药 根据恒瑞医药此前公告，HRS5685能够抑制HIV-1复制，临床拟用于HIV-1感染者的治疗。根据中国药物临床试验登记与信息公示平台，恒瑞医药子公司瑞可迪生物正在针对HRS5685片开展针对健康受试者的安全性、耐受性和药代动力学1期研究。 中国科学院上海药物研究所、中国科学院昆明动物研究所：塞拉维诺片 作用机制：CCR5拮抗剂 几乎所有HIV-1病毒感染初期均以CCR5受体作为共受体，CCR5受体在HIV-1感染过程中发挥重要作用，因此成为抗HIV-1的重要靶点。塞拉维诺片是通过计算机辅助药物设计，采用基于结构和改变代谢统计的药物设计策略开发出新结构类型CCR5拮抗剂。该产品对CCR5受体具有更好的拮抗活性，对多种HIV病毒株、临床株及耐药株的抑制活性和治疗指数相当或更佳。该产品正处于针对HIV感染的1期临床研究阶段。 以上仅盘点部分在中国研发的HIV临床管线，目前还有其他多款针对HIV的在研产品正在进行前期研发，比如多款处于研究者发起的临床研究（IIT）阶段的CAR-T细胞药物、iNKT细胞药物等等。此外多款已经获批上市的HIV药物也正在探索更多的适应症。 作为创新的赋能者、客户信赖的合作伙伴以及全球健康产业的贡献者，药明康德致力于通过其独有的CRDMO模式，以及其业内领先的感染性疾病新药研发赋能平台，助力全球共同应对这一重大的健康威胁。早在2019年，HIV“鸡尾酒”疗法开发先驱何大一教授就曾做客药明康德健康产业论坛，分享抗HIV药物开发的洞见。在2024年世界艾滋病日前后，药明康德内容团队也发表了盘点文章，系统回顾HIV标准疗法的现状，同时梳理在研新药亮点。期待在行业内外人士的共同合作和努力下，一个没有艾滋病的未来能够早日成为现实。 参考资料： [1]中国药物临床试验登记与信息公示平台官网. [2]各公司官网及公开资料 本文来自药明康德内容团队，欢迎个人转发至朋友圈，谢绝媒体或机构未经授权以任何形式转载至其他平台。转载授权或其他合作需求，请联系wuxi_media@wuxiapptec.com。 免责声明：药明康德内容团队专注介绍全球生物医药健康研究进展。本文仅作信息交流之目的，文中观点不代表药明康德立场，亦不代表药明康德支持或反对文中观点。本文也不是治疗方案推荐。如需获得治疗方案指导，请前往正规医院就诊。