Article
作者: Guillonneau, Bertrand ; Colau, Alexandre ; Ruffion, Alain ; Robert, Gregoire ; Blanchet, Pascal ; Marion, Sebastien ; Villamizar, Jorge ; Roca, Lise ; Bastide, Cyrille ; Berdah, Jean-Francois ; Lang, Hervé ; Gaston, Richard ; Lemercier, Pablo ; Cornillon, Pierre ; Vincendeau, Sebastien ; Coloby, Patrick ; Guillet, Pierre ; Mongiat-Artus, Pierre ; Barret, Eric ; Usdin, Nita ; Schneider, Marc ; Duchene, Franck ; Cathelineau, Xavier ; Walz, Jochen ; Auberdiac, Pierre ; Cicco, Antony ; RIGAUD, Jérôme ; De La Taille, Alexandre ; Latorzeff, Igor ; Van Glabeke, Emmanuel ; Salomon, Laurent ; Kleinclauss, François ; Culine, Stephane ; Guerif, Stéphane ; Villers, Arnaud ; Corbel, Luc ; Rozet, François ; Pfister, Christian ; Mottet, Nicolas ; Descazaud, Aurelien ; Soulié, Michel ; Sargos, Paul ; Brureau, Laurent ; Peyromaure, Michael ; Bruyere, Franck ; Droupy, Stéphane ; Pérez, Christelle ; Colombel, Marc ; Rouprêt, Morgan ; El Demery, Mounira ; Tchiknavorian, Xavier ; Mathieu, Romain ; Fizazi, Karim
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Androgen-deprivation therapy survival benefits after radical prostatectomy (RP) in nonmetastatic high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients with an undetectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level are unclear. The AFU-GETUG-20 study assessed the benefit of leuprorelin immediately after RP in this population.
METHODS:This open-label, randomized, phase 3 trial is conducted at 37 French centers. Participants undergoing RP for nonmetastatic PCa were aged ≥18 yr, with a postoperative Gleason score of ≥7 and PSA <0.1 ng/ml. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to the observation or leuprorelin (45 mg subcutaneous Q6M, 24 mo) arm. The primary endpoint was metastasis-free survival in the intent-to-treat population (n = 322). The secondary objectives PSA and testosterone level evolution, PCa-specific survival, overall survival, safety, and quality of life.
KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS:From 2011 to 2017, 325 patients were randomized to the observation (n = 163) or leuprorelin (n = 162) arm. The 10-yr risk of metastasis occurrence was similar between arms (hazard ratio [HR] 0.63 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.30-1.30]; p = 0.204) with no differences in PSA rise-free survival (HR 0.74 [95% CI 0.47-1.16]; p = 0.187), overall survival (HR 1.24 [95% CI 0.56-2.76]; p = 0.596), or PCa-specific survival (HR 0.57 [95% CI 0.10-3.17]; p = 0.512). Leuprorelin-treated patients had lower testosterone level after surgery (p < 0.001), shorter time to global health degradation (p = 0.0019), fatigue (p < 0.001), pain (p < 0.001), and additional adverse events, mainly hot flashes (83.6% vs 6.2%), pain (57.2% vs. 17.1%), fatigue (45.4% vs 16.3%), and psychiatric disorders (25.0% vs 2.3%). Insufficient enrollment affected the trial power but permitted pertinent comparison.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS:Leuprorelin treatment immediately after RP in high-risk nonmetastatic PCa patients with an undetectable PSA level does not improve survival, but increases adverse events, leading to poorer quality of life compared with observation.