预约演示

更新于：2025-07-15

Permethrin

扑灭司林

更新于：2025-07-15

概要

基本信息

药物类型

小分子化药

别名

(3-Phenoxyphenyl)methyl (±)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate、3-(2,2-Dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid, (3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl ester、Nedax

+ [7]

靶点

Nav1.1

作用方式

阻滞剂

作用机制

Nav1.1阻滞剂(I型钠通道蛋白α亚基阻滞剂)

治疗领域

感染皮肤和肌肉骨骼疾病

在研适应症

虱病疥疮

非在研适应症-

原研机构

GSK Plc

在研机构

Aurobindo Pharma USA, Inc.

非在研机构

GSK PlcMedtech Products, Inc.

权益机构-

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批日期

美国 (1986-03-31),

虱病

最高研发阶段(中国)-

特殊审评-

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结构/序列

分子式C21H20Cl2O3

InChIKeyRLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS号52645-53-1

关联

项与扑灭司林相关的临床试验

NCT06896929

/ Not yet recruiting临床2期IIT

Comparison of Topical Permethrin 1 Day Verses 2 Day Application Versus Oral Ivermectin for Treatment of Scabies in Children Greater Than 6 Yrs of Age

Scabies is highly contagious,pruritic infestation of skin.Various treatment modalities have been used but search for ideal scabicide is ongoing.we wnt to coduct this study to compare the outcome of permethrin verses ivermectin in children for treatment of scabies .This randomized clinical trial will be done in children hospital lahore for 12 months.Sample size of 90 cases;30 in each group will be included through non probability consecutive sampling.Then patient will be randomly divided into 3 groups.In group A patient will be given 5% permethrin topical application to whole body single application. In Group B ,patients will be given topical permethrin for twice application 24 hrs appart ,In group C patients will be given Tablet Ivermectin single dose 200microgram/kg.Then patients will be examined after 2 weeks and 4 weeks for no of lesions and pruritis and cure will be labeled.All this information will be recorded on performa .Data will be entered and analysed by using SPSS version 26.Three groups will be compared for cure by using chi-square test.P value less than and equal to 0.05 will be considered as significant.

开始日期2025-05-01

申办/合作机构-

CTRI/2024/11/076913

/ Not yet recruiting临床4期IIT

A Comparative study to evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Topical Permethrin versus Oral Ivermectin in patients with scabies at a tertiary care centre: A Randomised controlled study. - NIL

开始日期2024-11-30

申办/合作机构-

CTRI/2024/10/075991

/ Not yet recruitingN/A

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Multi-Center, Parallel Study to Evaluate the Bioequivalenceusing Clinical Endpoint of Permethrin Cream, 5 percentage of KLM Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., India toPermethrin Cream, 5 percentage of Padagis Israel Pharmaceuticals Ltd in Subjects with scabies. - nil

开始日期2024-11-18

申办/合作机构-

100 项与扑灭司林相关的临床结果

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100 项与扑灭司林相关的转化医学

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100 项与扑灭司林相关的专利（医药）

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11,392

项与扑灭司林相关的文献（医药）

2025-12-01·MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS

Cytochrome P450 and esterase genes associated with permethrin resistance in Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762)

Article

作者: Vivekanandhan, Perumal

2025-09-02·ANALYTICAL LETTERS

Determination of 3-Phenoxybenzoic Acid by an Improved Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) by the Immobilization of Nanobodies with Streptavidin and Biotin

作者: Sun, Huabo ; Zhao, Lin ; Tang, Fang ; Chen, Xiaodong ; Chang, Jiashu ; He, Jinxin ; Gu, Shaopeng

Nanobodies (Nbs) are single domain antibodies that are frequently utilized in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).However, a major limitation of nanobodies is their low sensitivity in capture assays.To address this issue, the combination of streptavidin and biotin can be employed to immobilize the nanobodies on plates in an oriented manner, thereby exposing their binding sites.In this study, nanobodies specific to 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) were biotinylated at their C-termini and immobilized onto streptavidin-coated microplates.A direct competitive ELISA was developed for the determination of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid in ovine and bovine urine.Compared to directly coating the nanobodies, the streptavidin-bridged nanobody capture-based ELISA demonstrated improved sensitivity, with a 16.6% enhancement, and a half-maximum inhibition concentration (IC50) of 2.05 ng/mL.The developed assay provided a linear range from 0.27 to 20.2 ng/mL (IC20-IC80) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 ng/mL.The average recoveries of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid spiked in the urine ranged from 82.57% to 102.75% and were consistent with values obtained by liquid chromatog. - mass spectrometry (LC-MS).These findings demonstrate that the streptavidin-bridged capture nanobody-based ELISA significantly enhanced the sensitivity for the determination of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid residues in animal urine.

2025-09-01·FOOD CHEMISTRY

Pesticide residues in Green, roasted, and capsule coffee from the Egyptian market: Occurrence, processing effects, and health risk assessment

Article

作者: Soliman, Mostafa ; Gamal, Abdulrhman ; Mahmoud, Hend ; Abdel-Megeed, Mohamed ; Al-Anany, Mohamed ; Eissa, Fawzy

The study analyzed 435 green coffee, 358 roasted coffee, and 88 coffee capsule samples from various countries, sold in Egypt, for the presence of 126 pesticide residues using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. It also assessed the impact of processing on pesticide levels and evaluated associated health risks to consumers. Pesticide residues were found in 14.94 %of green coffee and 21.23 %of roasted coffee samples, with chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, and cypermethrin commonly detected. Brazilian samples showed the highest contamination rate. Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP) was prevalent in roasted coffee. Coffee capsules had the highest contamination rate (63.64 %), primarily OPP, especially in European samples. While most pesticide levels were below EU MRLs, some chlorpyrifos detections exceeded MRLs. Espresso and Turkish traditional coffee preparation methods reduced pesticide residues, with Espresso generally being more effective. A risk assessment revealed extremely low cumulative hazard index (∑HI) values far below 1, indicating negligible health risk from pesticide exposure through coffee consumption.

项与扑灭司林相关的新闻（医药）

2024-12-14

·drugs

Wintertime Is Prime Time for Head Lice: What Parents Need to Know

SATURDAY, Dec. 14, 2024 -- Head lice can be a wintertime headache for families and schools, but simple precautions can stop the spread of these pesky parasites. Every year, 6 million to 12 million children in the United States, ages 3 to 11, experience head lice infestations, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Contrary to popular belief, these tiny insects don’t jump or fly, said Ali Wurster , a nurse practitioner with the Texas A&M Health Mobile Health Clinic. “They actually crawl,” Wurster explained in a university release. “A kid can be sitting in a classroom even a foot away from another child, and if their heads don't touch, the lice are not going to jump onto someone else.” While many believe individuals with dirty or unclean hair are more likely to attract lice, the reverse is true, Wurster said. The small, sesame seed-sized parasites prefer a clean scalp. They spread most commonly among school-aged children through shared items like hats, coats, brushes or dress-up clothes, which present prime modes of transfer for the parasites. To prevent head lice, avoid sharing hats, brushes or clothing. School staff should regularly sanitize common items. Wurster also recommended keeping heads apart during nap time to further deter spread. While not harmful, head lice can cause significant discomfort and should be mitigated as soon as possible both to ease symptoms and stymie further spread. If lice are found, treatment is straightforward. Over-the-counter and prescription topical creams such as Nix and Permethrin work effectively, Wurster said. After applying the treatment, remove lice eggs (nits) with a fine-toothed comb, seal them in a plastic bag and repeat treatment in seven days if needed. Wash clothing, bedding and other fabric items in hot water and dry on high heat. Non-washable items, like stuffed animals, should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks. The CDC no longer requires children with lice to be sent home immediately; they can finish the school day, begin treatment after school, and return the next day. Despite misconceptions, families and schools can quickly address and oftentimes prevent head lice with an accurate understanding of how the parasites spread and best practices for treatment. SOURCE: Texas A&M Health, news release, Dec. 9, 2024 Whatever your topic of interest, subscribe to our newsletters to get the best of Drugs.com in your inbox.

2024-08-13

·drugs

Pesticide Exposure Tied to Increased Risk for Stillbirth

TUESDAY, Aug. 13, 2024 -- Pesticide exposures during preconception and the first trimester may be associated with stillbirth, according to a study published online July 16 in the American Journal of Epidemiology . Melissa A. Furlong, Ph.D., from the University of Arizona College of Public Health in Tucson, and colleagues linked Arizona pesticide use records (27 types) with birth certificates (2006 to 2020) to estimate associations between living within 500 m of any application site and stillbirth. The researchers found that during 90 days preconception, any exposures to pesticides were associated with stillbirth, including cyfluthrin (relative risk [RR], 1.97), zeta-cypermethrin (RR, 1.81), organophosphates as a class (RR, 1.60), malathion (RR, 2.02), carbaryl (RR, 6.39), and propamocarb hydrochloride (RR, 7.72). During the first trimester, fenpropathrin (RR, 4.36), permethrin (RR, 1.57), organophosphates as a class (RR, 1.50), acephate (RR, 2.31), and formetanate hydrochloride (RR, 7.22) were associated with stillbirth. "These findings underscore the importance of considering individual pesticides rather than just the overall pesticide class, as specific chemical compounds may pose unique risks," Furlong said in a statement. "It also highlights the potential for prepregnancy exposures to affect reproductive outcomes." One author disclosed ties to pesticide registrants unrelated to the research.

2023-12-27

·生物谷

Molecular Cell | 蒋辉实验室揭示线粒体自噬的感知和抑制因子PPTC7及其对线粒体数量的调控作用

线粒体自噬(mitophagy)是重要的线粒体质量及数量调控机制, 与发育、癌症、衰老和神经退行性病变等生理病理状况高度相关。现已知两类哺乳动物mitophagy通路：由PINK1-Parkin介导的泛素依赖途径，以及由BNIP3, NIX和FUNDC1等介导的受体依赖途径。然而，人们对mitophagy调控机制及其生理病理意义仍有待探索。突出的表现是，缺失已知mitophagy通路的小鼠(如Pink1-/-、Parkin-/-、Bnip3-/-等)表型微弱，与普遍认知的mitophagy重要性有明显差距。2023年12月26日，北京生命科学研究所/清华大学生物医学交叉研究院蒋辉实验室在Molecular Cell在线发表了题为"A mitophagy sensor PPTC7 controls BNIP3 and NIX degradation to regulate mitochondrial mass"的论文。该论文发现了一个感知并抑制mitophagy的因子PPTC7，阐明了PPTC7调控mitophagy的分子机制并揭示其对线粒体数量和代谢稳态的调控作用。作为监控mitophagy水平的关键因子，PPTC7感知mitophagy受体BNIP3和NIX的蛋白水平，进而起始BNIP3/NIX-PPTC7-SCFFBXL4完整复合物的组装，促进SCFFBXL4泛素化和降解BNIP3和NIX，从而抑制mitophagy。该通路对维持细胞线粒体数量、代谢平衡、和个体存活至关重要。01FBXL4介导的mitophagy调控与退行性疾病MTDPS13蒋辉实验室长期从事线粒体蛋白稳态调控机制研究，之前报道了一个线粒体外膜复合物UBXD8-VCP介导BNIP3降解，从而抑制mitophagy(链接：EMBO Reports | 蒋辉实验室揭示UBXD8调控凋亡和线粒体自噬的分子机制)。为进一步发掘mitophagy调控机制，研究生曹钰通过靶向线粒体的遗传筛选发现多个mitophagy抑制因子，其中包括FBXL4和PPTC7(链接：EMBO Journal | 蒋辉实验室揭示线粒体自噬调控及线粒体疾病新机制)。已知FBXL4突变导致致死性退行性疾病线粒体DNA耗竭综合征13(MTDPS13)1,2，但其机理未明。作者发现FBXL4定位于线粒体外膜，与Skp1和Cullin1组成SCFFBXL4 E3泛素连接酶。SCFFBXL4通过泛素化降解BNIP3和NIX来抑制mitophagy。而病人来源的FBXL4突变抑制SCFFBXL4组装，导致BNIP3和NIX蛋白积累和mitophagy过度激活。FBXL4突变患者表现出mtDNA耗竭、线粒体数量减少、酸中毒、神经和肌肉退行性病变等严重症状。与FBXL4突变病人类似，Fbxl4-/-小鼠表现出BNIP3和NIX蛋白积累、mitophagy失控、线粒体数量减少、代谢紊乱和围产期死亡等严重表型。更重要的是，在Fbxl4-/-小鼠中敲除Bnip3或Nix可以挽救线粒体数量、恢复代谢平衡并挽救小鼠寿命。这些结果表明过度mitophagy导致的线粒体数量减少是MTDPS13的致病原因并为治疗提供了思路。02PPTC7调控FBXL4介导的BNIP3和NIX降解鉴于BNIP3和NIX强大且危险的线粒体清除能力，细胞必须牢牢控制其水平，但细胞监控并调节BNIP3和NIX降解的分子机制仍不清楚。研究生孙雨秋研究另一个筛选发现的mitophagy抑制因子PPTC7。前人研究表明PPTC7是定位于线粒体基质的磷酸酶。但令人诧异的是，与敲除FBXL4类似，敲除PPTC7同样导致BNIP3和NIX的积累和过度mitophagy；Pptc7-/-小鼠表现出mitophagy失控、线粒体数量减少和围产期死亡的表型，且该表型可以被Nix敲除所挽救(图1)。此外，PPTC7过表达可促进内源BNIP3和NIX被FBXL4降解，而FBXL4过表达则没有效果，提示PPTC7作为上游限速因子调控FBXL4介导的BNIP3和NIX降解。但是，线粒体基质蛋白PPTC7如何调控线粒体外膜上的蛋白降解？图1PPTC7缺失过度激活BNIP3和NIX依赖的mitophagy，造成线粒体数量减少和小鼠死亡。A,Pptc7 -KO升高小鼠肝脏中mitophagy受体BNIP3和NIX的蛋白水平(红框)并导致其他线粒体蛋白减少(蓝框)。B,小鼠生存曲线。03PPTC7前体通过与BNIP3/NIX直接互作，滞留在线粒体外膜通常情况下，线粒体基质蛋白的前体形式(precursor)在N端定位序列(targeting sequence)的引导下进入线粒体，并在线粒体基质切除定位序列，完成成熟过程。作者发现在野生型细胞里，PPTC7以成熟形式(mature form,切除了定位序列)存在于线粒体基质，而在FBXL4-KO细胞里，PPTC7同时具有定位于线粒体基质的成熟形式和定位于线粒体外膜的前体形式。进一步分析表明，FBXL4-KO细胞中积累的BNIP3和NIX导致PPTC7前体出现在线粒体外膜;在野生型细胞中直接过表达BNIP3或NIX也可诱导PPTC7前体出现在线粒体外膜定位。通过体外重组蛋白实验，作者发现BNIP3和NIX与PPTC7直接互作，并使用交联质谱分析了NIX-PPTC7的互作区域。在截去NIX与PPTC7的直接互作区域后，NIX无法诱导PPTC7前体的外膜定位，表明BNIP3和NIX通过与PPTC7的直接互作，将PPTC7前体定位于线粒体外膜。04弱化的PPTC7定位序列帮助PPTC7在线粒体外膜滞留有意思的是，作者发现与经典线粒体基质定位序列相比，PPTC7的定位序列长度短且引导能力差，推测该特征削弱了PPTC7前体进入线粒体基质的能力，有利于PPTC7前体被外膜BNIP3/NIX滞留。因此，研究者将PPTC7的定位序列替换成经典序列，发现它使PPTC7全部进入线粒体基质，无法被滞留在外膜，失去调节BNIP3和NIX降解的能力。05外膜PPTC7起始组装BNIP3/NIX-PPTC7-SCFFBXL4复合物那么外膜PPTC7如何促进SCFFBXL4介导的BNIP3和NIX降解呢？作者发现除与BNIP3/NIX直接互作之外，PPTC7还与SCFFBXL4复合物中的Cullin1直接互作。作者表达纯化了NIX，PPTC7，FBXL4,Cullin1-Rbx1和Skp1的重组蛋白，发现只有在所有蛋白都存在的情况下，这些蛋白才能组装成完整的NIX-PPTC7-SCFFBXL4复合物，缺少NIX，PPTC7，FBXL4任何一个组分都导致复合物散架。以上结果提供了一个mitophagy的负反馈调控模型:积累在线粒体外膜的mitophagy受体BNIP3和NIX与PPTC7前体直接互作，将其滞留在外膜，起始BNIP3/NIX-PPTC7-SCFFBXL4复合物的组装，从而泛素化和降解BNIP3和NIX，防止mitophagy过度激活(图2)。06禁食情况下，肝脏诱导PPTC7来抑制mitophagy和维持代谢稳态一个重要的问题是在负反馈调控mitophagy之外，PPTC7是否还会响应生理信号？鉴于PPTC7过表达能促进BNIP3和NIX降解，作者重点研究了生理信号对PPTC7表达的调节，发现禁食不改变骨骼肌PPTC7的表达，但在肝脏强烈诱导PPTC7。与之相对应，禁食强烈诱导骨骼肌mitophagy，但不改变肝脏mitophagy水平，作者推测肝脏mitophagy受到PPTC7上调的压制。因此，作者在小鼠肝脏敲除PPTC7，发现禁食导致缺失PPTC7的肝脏丢失大量线粒体。禁食情况下，肝脏负有重要使命-通过糖异生(gluconeogenesis)维持血糖水平。而糖异生需要线粒体提供两个重要支持：ATP和丙酮酸羧化酶(pyruvate carboxylase)。作者发现，敲除肝脏PPTC7导致禁食状态下肝脏ATP缺乏，糖异生受阻，造成严重的低血糖。因此，禁食情况下，肝脏特异上调PPTC7以压制mitophagy，从而维持线粒体数量和代谢稳态(图2)。图2 PPTC7调控mitophagy的工作模型。1. mitophagy的负反馈稳态调控。正常情况下，PPTC7表达后进入线粒体基质行使正常功能。当mitophagy受体BNIP3和NIX积累时，BNIP3/NIX将PPTC7前体滞留于外膜，起始BNIP3/NIX-PPTC7-SCFFBXL4复合物组装，从而降解BNIP3和NIX，防止mitophagy过度激活和线粒体丢失。2. 在禁食情况下，肝脏上调PPTC7以压制mitophagy，从而维持肝脏能量供应和糖异生通路活力，维持血糖水平。综上，该工作报道了一个感知和抑制mitophagy的PPTC7-SCFFBXL4通路。PPTC7作为关键调控因子，能够整合稳态维持和生理信号来调控mitophagy水平，以此维持线粒体数量和细胞代谢稳态。该通路的发现显著增进了我们对mitophagy与线粒体数量控制(mitochondrial mass control)的理解。禁食情况下，肝脏和骨骼肌对mitophagy的差异化调节及其功能研究也丰富了我们对生理情况下组织特异性mitophagy调控的认知。清华大学生物医学交叉研究院博士生孙雨秋为论文第一作者，蒋辉博士为通讯作者。该论文其他作者包括蒋辉课题组的曹钰和万华云，董梦秋实验室的阿达莱提买买提明和董梦秋博士，代谢组学中心的马燕博士和曹杨，蛋白质组中心的陈涉博士和李琳，遗传筛选中心的李祺博士和吴重阳，刘清华实验室的王濛。该研究由科技部、北京市政府和清华大学共同资助，在北京生命科学研究所完成。论文链接：https://www.cell.com/molecular-cell/fulltext/S1097-2765(23)01014-6本文仅用于学术分享，转载请注明出处。若有侵权，请联系微信：bioonSir 删除或修改！

临床1期蛋白降解靶向嵌合体引进/卖出

100 项与扑灭司林相关的药物交易

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外链

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D05443	扑灭司林	P03AC04	DB04930

研发状态

10 条最早获批的记录,

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适应症	国家/地区	公司	日期
疥疮	美国	Aurobindo Pharma USA, Inc.	1989-08-25
虱病	美国	GSK Plc	1986-03-31

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研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


WCD2023	N/A	疥疮	-	5% permethrin cream	構願構選構蓋襯鑰壓襯(窪壓製簾蓋艱衊鏇獵襯) = 憲襯鏇繭艱築築鏇遞鹹鏇鹽艱窪獵蓋蓋衊鑰壓 (遞積鏇鹽選膚顧願鑰衊 )	积极	2023-07-03
IRCT2017100936672N1 (Pubmed \| Rev Recent Clin Trials)	早期临床1期	头虱	121	Ozonated Olive Oil Topical Lotion	醖網餘網鏇獵鏇醖鑰襯(餘醖網繭醖獵積襯遞鹽) = 製醖夢鹽鏇選鹹膚願構積襯選遞夢繭廠獵構選 (醖選淵艱獵積艱淵艱構 )	积极	2022-02-01
NCT02978508 (CTgov)	临床3期	疥疮	140	Permethrin Cream, 5% (Permethrin Cream, 5%)	簾鑰鹹網鏇觸夢夢願選 = 築餘鹽築膚鹽觸築廠膚餘範獵壓蓋糧淵糧獵壓 (繭願鏇憲襯齋範夢範廠, 獵選製壓艱鹹築鬱選觸 ~ 鹽鏇築壓鬱繭衊壓憲艱) 更多	-	2020-09-02
				Elimite (Elimite)	簾鑰鹹網鏇觸夢夢願選 = 遞鏇艱壓淵艱鹹製夢製餘範獵壓蓋糧淵糧獵壓 (繭願鏇憲襯齋範夢範廠, 衊夢糧衊簾選廠繭繭膚 ~ 遞鏇遞糧餘繭網艱鬱衊) 更多
NCT02775617 (AIM-Skin, CTgov)	临床4期	雅司病 \| 脓疱疮 \| 疥疮	1,291	Ivermectin+Azithromycin+Permethrin (Parallel Treatment)	鬱鑰衊糧蓋憲夢鏇鏇鏇 = 築餘夢遞艱夢鬱鏇餘鬱壓衊衊蓋築鏇鏇醖壓鑰 (衊艱淵網選蓋壓觸淵構, 獵餘顧鹹膚糧簾憲構襯 ~ 鹹夢壓壓衊憲壓齋鑰憲) 更多	-	2019-09-13
				Ivermectin+Azithromycin+Permethrin (Sequential Treatment)	鬱鑰衊糧蓋憲夢鏇鏇鏇 = 醖製築選蓋獵構壓艱顧壓衊衊蓋築鏇鏇醖壓鑰 (衊艱淵網選蓋壓觸淵構, 鹹鹽鑰醖構壓製醖鬱廠 ~ 觸顧醖製構築獵鑰廠築) 更多
NCT03236168 (CTgov)	临床3期	疥疮	118	Ivermectin+Malathion Shampoo 0.5%+Permethrin 5%	鬱鹽窪鬱壓鏇鏇齋觸繭 = 鑰壓範餘獵範艱顧鏇觸鏇夢蓋淵衊構衊製製顧 (襯遞糧夢鬱鏇網鬱憲衊, 膚廠蓋遞積製餘糧範窪 ~ 蓋襯觸繭糧繭襯蓋鹽憲) 更多	-	2019-06-14
NCT03178942 (CTgov)	临床3期	疥疮	254	Elimite (Reference: Elimite™ Cream)	夢膚願壓範鏇憲積簾衊 = 壓糧廠鏇餘蓋衊壓窪壓艱積網齋選糧繭範蓋襯 (襯艱蓋膚艱網夢齋獵憲, 壓蓋夢遞壓廠觸鑰艱願 ~ 鑰廠齋願廠夢襯顧餘簾) 更多	-	2019-03-14
				Permethrin Cream, 5% (Test: Permethrin Cream, 5%)	夢膚願壓範鏇憲積簾衊 = 範遞蓋襯遞範範構夢蓋艱積網齋選糧繭範蓋襯 (襯艱蓋膚艱網夢齋獵憲, 製獵網構鑰壓膚鑰艱鬱 ~ 糧製遞願鏇窪繭範憲製) 更多
ISRCTN88144046 (Pubmed)	N/A	头虱	90	4% dimeticone liquid gel	簾糧觸鹽鬱選範衊鹽淵(網夢簾選觸簾鑰鹽繭壓) = 衊簾繭憲鑰簾鹹糧艱鑰鹹夢齋獵衊夢壓齋廠淵 (顧蓋壓糧醖醖糧繭構願 )	积极	2013-04-01
				1% permethrin creme rinse	簾糧觸鹽鬱選範衊鹽淵(網夢簾選觸簾鑰鹽繭壓) = 積膚醖衊蓋鏇鬱製齋膚鹹夢齋獵衊夢壓齋廠淵 (顧蓋壓糧醖醖糧繭構願 )
Pubmed \| Pediatr Dermatol	N/A	头虱	-	0.5% Malathion Gel (30 minutes application)	繭製壓壓鬱蓋糧築範構(觸遞網淵積糧憲構蓋餘) = 醖廠鏇鹽糧醖願淵膚壓顧鏇範醖簾淵廠鹽鹽構 (製觸繭選獵製淵範鹹艱 )	积极	2007-07-01
				Nix Crème Rinse (1% Permethrin)	艱鏇積範鬱鑰憲艱積艱(繭觸構淵築觸蓋窪繭窪) = 窪選鬱糧夢壓壓醖願夢壓遞遞鑰築襯築憲製獵 (築構鹽夢糧襯壓製夢淵 )