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更新于：2026-02-27

Azithromycin

阿奇霉素

更新于：2026-02-27

概要

基本信息

简介阿奇霉素是一种小分子药物，作用于细菌核糖体的50S亚基，通过抑制蛋白质合成来杀死细菌。它是一种广谱抗生素，可用于治疗多种细菌感染，包括肺炎、中耳炎、喉炎、皮肤感染和生殖系统感染等。阿奇霉素在治疗呼吸道感染方面特别有效，可以缩短治疗时间和减少复发率。它也被用于治疗梅毒和麻疹等疾病。这种药物于1991年首次批准上市，原研公司为辉瑞公司，现已成为临床使用最广泛的抗生素之一。

药物类型

小分子化药

别名

Azithromycin (INN)、Azithromycin Dihydrate、Azithromycin Hydrate

+ [31]

靶点

50S subunit

作用方式

抑制剂

作用机制

50S subunit抑制剂(50S核糖体亚基抑制剂)

治疗领域

感染眼部疾病血液及淋巴系统疾病+ [6]

在研适应症

生殖器感染下呼吸道感染中耳炎+ [35]

非在研适应症

寻常痤疮获得性免疫缺陷综合征急性细菌性结膜炎+ [27]

原研机构

在研机构

+ [9]

非在研机构

Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.

Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.

山东百诺医药股份有限公司

+ [6]

权益机构

Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Laboratoires Théa SAS

Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.

+ [4]

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批日期

美国 (1991-11-01),

感染

最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市

特殊审评孤儿药 (美国)、孤儿药 (日本)、优先审评 (中国)

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结构/序列

分子式C38H72N2O12

InChIKeyMQTOSJVFKKJCRP-BICOPXKESA-N

CAS号83905-01-5

关联

939

项与阿奇霉素相关的临床试验

NCT05763693

/ Not yet recruiting临床4期IIT

Vitality in Infants Via Azithromycin for Neonates Trial

Nearly half of child deaths occur during the neonatal period, and 80% of those occur in babies with low birthweight. Although tremendous progress has been made towards reducing under-five mortality globally, declines in neonatal mortality lag behind those observed in older children. Low birthweight babies are at increased risk of poor outcomes compared to those who are term-appropriate for gestational age, including mortality, stunting, and growth failure. Recent evidence has demonstrated that the incidence of wasting and linear growth failure is highest between birth and 3 months of age, substantially earlier than previously thought. Interventions are urgently needed to improve outcomes in low birthweight babies; however, these interventions must not interfere with breastfeeding and thus some well-established interventions used to treat or prevent malnutrition in older children cannot be considered. The investigators recently demonstrated that biannual mass azithromycin distribution reduces all-cause childhood mortality by approximately 25% in infants aged 1-5 months, with stronger effects seen in underweight infants. This study did not include neonates due to the risk of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) that has been hypothesized to be associated with macrolide use during early infancy. However, our study team documented only a single case of IHPS among 21,833 neonates enrolled in a trial of azithromycin versus placebo administered to neonates aged 8-27 days for prevention of infant mortality, documenting no major risk of IHPS associated with azithromycin. Here, the investigators propose an individually randomized trial where participants will receive a single oral dose of azithromycin (administered either during the neontal period or 21 days after enrollment), two does of oral azithromycin spaced 21 days apart, or two doses of placebo to evalute if azithromycin improves nutritional outcome and reduces infectious burden among neonates aged 1-27 days who are either low birthweight (<2500 g at birth) or underweight (weight-for-age Z-score < -2 at enrollment). The primary outcome will be weight-for-age Z-score at 6 months of age compared between arms. The investigators anticipate that the results of this study will provide definitive evidence on azithromycin as an early intervention for low birthweight/underweight neonates, who are at the highest risk of adverse outcomes.

开始日期2026-04-01

申办/合作机构

The University of California, San Francisco

NCT07433426

/ Not yet recruiting临床2期IIT

The Impact of Shigellosis and Recommended Treatment in Children

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether antibiotic treatment of non-dysentery Shigella associated watery diarrhea (NDSD) cases improves clinical outcomes and growth in children.
Children with NDSD seeking care for diarrhea at the study hospitals in Bangladesh and Zambia will be enrolled and randomized to receive Azithromycin or placebo (a look-alike substance that contains no drug). Enrolled children will be followed for three months with household visits.
The investigators will determine whether antibiotic treatment of NDSD reduces the duration of diarrhea and time to microbiological cure (shedding of Shigella in stool), and whether it improves growth in children compared with the placebo group.

开始日期2026-03-15

申办/合作机构

Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

[+1]

ACTRN12624000960550

/ Recruiting早期临床1期IIT

ASAPP: Efficacy of Azithromycin for Short cervix and Amniotic fluid sludge for the Prevention of Preterm birth, a pilot randomised controlled trial

开始日期2025-11-20

申办/合作机构

University of Melbourne

100 项与阿奇霉素相关的临床结果

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100 项与阿奇霉素相关的转化医学

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100 项与阿奇霉素相关的专利（医药）

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14,556

项与阿奇霉素相关的文献（医药）

2026-12-31·Journal of Oral Microbiology

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans can be performed using the EUCAST medium for anaerobic bacteria

Article

作者: Nørskov-Lauritsen, Niels ; Kahlmeter, Gunnar ; Jensen, Anne Birkeholm ; Matuschek, Erika

Background:

The oral bacterium Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) is associated with infectious diseases treated with antibiotics, but specific recommendations for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of the species do not yet exist. Objective To evaluate the possibility to perform AST of Aa following EUCAST guidelines using FAA-HB and 20 h incubation.

Method:

Twenty-nine Aa strains were analysed using disk diffusion on FAA-HB media from three manufacturers. Plates with with ampicillin and azithromycin disks were incubated in 5% CO₂ and anaerobic conditions and examined after 20 and 44 h. Strains were additionally tested with the agar dilution method, and inhibition zone diameters (IZD) were correlated to the minimal inhibitory concentrations.

Results:

FAA-HB agar supported sufficient growth of Aa after 20 h incubation in 5% CO₂. No significant differences in IZD were found between the three media tested. Prolonged incubation (44 h) increased IZD, but 20 h incubation was adequate for reproducible results. Incubation in 5% CO₂ was superior to anaerobic conditions.

Conclusion:

Incubation in 5% CO2 and reading after 20 h incubation resulted in the best correlation between FAA-HB media from three manufacturers. The EUCAST disk diffusion method with FAA-HB for AST of Aa may be crucial for future standardization and development of clinical breakpoints for this species.

2026-12-31·ANNALS OF MEDICINE

Clinical, laboratory, and radiological features of community-acquired pneumonia due to Chlamydia psittaci and Legionella pneumophila confirmed using next-generation sequencing

Article

作者: Deng, Zhonghua ; Liang, Jingjin ; Lu, Ming ; Zhang, Biying ; Cheng, Ran ; Lin, Fei

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Chlamydia psittaci and Legionella pneumophila are common atypical pathogens that cause severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This study aimed to compare the clinical features and outcomes of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia (CPP) and Legionella pneumophila pneumonia (LPP) identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS) for accurate identification.

METHODS:

This retrospective study included 68 patients with CPP and 42 patients with LPP. All cases were confirmed by metagenomic or targeted next-generation sequencing (mNGS/tNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, serum, or sputum samples.

RESULTS:

Patients with LPP had a higher prevalence of diabetes and were predominantly male. Poultry contact was common in CPP (64.7% vs. 14.3%), whereas recent travel was associated with LPP (47.6% vs. 2.9%). LPP presented with increased extrapulmonary symptoms. Inflammatory marker levels were higher in LPP, including leukocytosis, neutrophilia, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin (all p < 0.05). Organ dysfunction was more frequent in LPP, with higher creatinine levels. Patients with LPP had more severe hypoxemia, required more respiratory support, and had higher intensive care admission rates. Targeted therapy guided by NGS was effective, with no significant differences in mortality or hospital stay between the two groups.

CONCLUSION:

LPP demonstrated greater initial clinical and laboratory severity compared to CPP. Under NGS-guided targeted therapy, both groups achieved comparable outcomes. The observational finding that both pathogens respond to azithromycin and cause severe disease when left undetected underscore the value of guideline-recommended β-lactams/macrolide combination therapy in CAP settings, particularly where these intracellular pathogens remain undiagnosed without NGS.

2026-12-15·SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic treatment for respiratory tract infections in Norwegian primary care

Article

作者: Rortveit, Guri ; Emberland, Knut Erik ; Larsen, Leo ; Baste, Valborg

BACKGROUND:

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of macrolides, specifically azithromycin, for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in primary care increased in several countries. In Norway, antibiotic treatment of COVID-19 was never recommended.

OBJECTIVES:

To investigate the antibiotic treatment for RTIs in Norwegian primary care, comparing pre-pandemic and pandemic periods.

METHODS:

We defined RTI episodes and antibiotic treatment using several national registries including demographic and residency data from Statistics Norway, reimbursement claims from the Norwegian Registry for Primary Health Care, antibiotic dispensing from the Norwegian Prescription Database, and deaths from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry, for the years 2018-2021.

RESULTS:

Approximately 80% of the 4 904 376 total RTI episodes during the study period were handled exclusively in daytime general practice (DGP). Use of electronic consultations for RTI episodes increased from less than 1% to more than 50%. Throughout the study period, most RTI episodes were handled without antibiotic use. The antibiotic treatment rate for RTI episodes dropped during the pandemic, relative risk (RR) 0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52-0.52, compared to pre-pandemic. Over half of all antibiotic treatments for RTIs were phenoxymethylpenicillin, and the distribution of antibiotic types was relatively stable during the study period, except for some temporary changes in the initial months of the pandemic. DGP handled most of the influx of RTIs during the first month of the COVID-19 pandemic in primary care, without increasing antibiotic use.

CONCLUSIONS:

DGP handled most of the influx of RTIs during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in primary care. During the pandemic antibiotic treatment for RTIs was reduced, and the distribution of antibiotic types barely changed.

734

项与阿奇霉素相关的新闻（医药）

2026-02-27

·药通社

重磅，又一家知名CRO，上岸了！

2026年2月11日，据台州资本公众号称，2026年，台州资本集团已完成和泽医药股权投资项目，开拓产业并购新版图。台州资本表示，通过战略入股这家国内MAH制度先行者、中国医药研发公司20强、国家级高新技术企业，助力台州市医药健康产业转型发展。据悉，2025年，和泽医药完成注册申报数量150+，申报获批数量100+；5月与微创医疗科学旗下苏州悦肤达合资成立上海微启肽生物医药有限公司，进军微针透皮给药领域；11月又与梯瓦医药达成战略合作，就梯瓦旗下Pliva原研产品阿奇霉素（舒美特）开展国内商业化合作。作为国内MAH制度实行以来起步最早的企业之一，和泽医药获得了全国第一张药品研发机构持有的《药品生产许可证》，具有历史意义。经查，目前和泽医药法定代表人已变更，从原董事长倪晟变更为台州资本党委书记、董事长李战胜，李战胜出任和泽医药董事长，倪晟现任和泽医药经理、董事。而在此两个月前，通用技术旗下中国医药健康产业股份有限公司也发布公告，宣布以5.25亿元收购知名CRO则正医药70%股权，同样是一例CRO上岸的典型。近年来，越来越多CRO，选择“卖身”国资，已成为一种趋势。 ↓⭐关注药通社，洞见行业趋势↓ 投稿/企业合作/内容沟通：药通社总编—华籍美人（Ww_150525） *添加请注明备注及来意

2026-02-26

·北京医学感染与传染研究

柳叶刀传染病学 26卷 1-3期（2026年2月26日更新）

THE LANCET Infectious Diseases. Volume 26Number 1 柳叶刀传染病学 26卷 1期 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current EDITORIAL(社论) 1 Urgent need for infection prevention and control in prisons 监狱中感染预防和控制的迫切需求 The Lancet Infectious Diseases The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p1 COMMENT（述评） 2 Now is the time to integrate serology into routine infectious disease surveillance 现在是时候将血清学纳入常规传染病监测了 Simon Cauchemez The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p2 3 Reassessing sotrovimab's role in COVID-19: insights and implications 重新评估索托维单抗在新冠肺炎治疗中的作用：见解与启示 Daniele Focosi,Fabrizio Maggi The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p3 4 Shaping opportunities for future clinical trials in tuberculosis 为未来结核病临床试验创造机会 Ivan Noreña,Beno Mbeya,Joanitah Nalunjogi,Ombeni Chimbe,Norbert Heinrich The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p5 5 Diversifying antimalarial treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Uganda 乌干达针对无并发症恶性疟原虫疟疾的抗疟治疗多样化 Arjen M Dondorp The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p6 6 A safe start for PfSPZ Vaccine, but efficacy in children remains elusive PfSPZ疫苗安全起步，但在儿童中的疗效仍难以捉摸 Nicholas Aderinto,Temitomi Jane Oyedele The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p8 7 Rifasutenizol-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection 以利法苏替尼唑为基础的三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌感染 Jinnan Chen,Hong Lu The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p9 8 The smallest faith 最渺小的信念 Steven A Pergam The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p11 9 Negative results in long COVID clinical trials: choosing outcome measures for a heterogeneous disease 新冠肺炎长期症状临床试验的阴性结果：为异质性疾病选择预后指标 Lara Goxhaj,Lisa McCorkell,Femke van Rhijn-Brouwer,Letícia Soares,Julia Moore Vogel,Chloé de Canson The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p13 10 Strengthening global preparedness and response to arboviral disease threats: a call to action 加强全球应对虫媒病毒疾病威胁的准备和响应：行动呼吁 WHO Global Arbovirus Initiative Technical Advisory Group 世界卫生组织全球虫媒病毒倡议技术咨询小组 The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p15 11 Introducing our cover artist for 2026: Daria Lada 介绍我们2026年的封面艺术家：达里亚·拉达 Marco De Ambrogi The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p17 Correspondence（读者来信） 12 Epidemiological and virological update on the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant BA.3.2 新兴新冠病毒变异株BA.3.2的流行病学和病毒学最新情况 Lu Zhang,Nianzhen Chen,Amy Eichmann,Inga Nehlmeier,Anna-Sophie Moldenhauer,Metodi V Stankov,Christine Happle,Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka,Georg M N Behrens,Markus Hoffmann,Stefan Pöhlmann The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e1 13 Effects of LP.8.1-adapted mRNA vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 variant neutralisation Christine Happle,Markus Hoffmann,Metodi V Stankov,Inga Nehlmeier,Amy Eichmann,Torsten LP.8.1适应性mRNA疫苗接种对新冠病毒变异株中和作用的影响 Witte,Luis Manthey,Stefan Pöhlmann,Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka,Georg M N Behrens The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e3 14 Artificial intelligence and spillover prediction: aligning innovation with empirical reality in One Health surveillance 人工智能与溢出预测：在“同一健康”监测中使创新与经验现实保持一致 Nader Ebrahimi,Amir Ghaemi The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e6 15 Artificial intelligence and spillover prediction: aligning innovation with empirical reality in One Health surveillance – Authors' reply 人工智能与溢出预测：在“同一健康”监测中使创新与经验现实保持一致——作者回复 Frank Aarestrup,Marion Koopmans The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e7 16 Time to tackle vaccine–HLA associations with artificial intelligence 是时候用人工智能解决疫苗-人类白细胞抗原关联问题了 Alexander J Mentzer,George Davey Smith,Teresa Lambe,Julian C Knight,Mary Carrington The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e8 Corrections（更正） 17 Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2025; published online Oct 29. 《柳叶刀-传染病》2025年更正；在线发表于10月29日 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00466-9 The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e9 18 Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2025; published online Oct 27. 《柳叶刀-传染病》2025年更正；在线发表于10月27日 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00546-8 The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e9 19 Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2025; 25: 1084–96 《柳叶刀-传染病》2025年更正；25卷：1084-1096页 The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e9 20 Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2025; published online Nov 10. 《柳叶刀-传染病》2025年更正；在线发表于11月10日 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00550-X The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e9 Newsdesk（新闻台） 21 Highlights of IDWeek 2025 2025年IDWeek亮点 Phoebe Hall The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e10 22 WHO publishes update on global antibiotic resistance 世界卫生组织发布全球抗生素耐药性最新情况 Timothy Jesudason The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e11 23 European Commission to fund new medicines for dengue 欧盟委员会资助登革热新药研发 Sanjeet Bagcchi The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e12 24 Second report from the UK Covid-19 Inquiry 英国新冠肺炎调查第二次报告 Talha Burki The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e13 25 Infectious disease surveillance update 传染病监测最新情况 Cahal McQuillan The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e14 26 Research in brief 研究简讯 Priya Venkatesan The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e15 Obituary（讣告） 27 Jean Louis Abdourahim Ndiaye 让·路易斯·阿卜杜拉希姆·恩迪亚耶 Sanjeet Bagcchi The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p19 Profile（人物介绍） 28 Fortunate Machingura—tackling climate change and disease 福图纳特·马辛古拉——应对气候变化与疾病 Tony Kirby The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p20 Media Watch（媒体观察） Book（书籍） 29 The social and political drivers behind pandemics 大流行背后的社会和政治驱动因素 Emma Louise Fabiani The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p21 Articles（论著） 30 Dynamics of endemic virus re-emergence in children in the USA following the COVID-19 pandemic (2022–23): a prospective, multicentre, longitudinal, immunoepidemiological surveillance study 新冠肺炎疫情后美国儿童地方性病毒重新出现的动态（2022-23年）：一项前瞻性、多中心、纵向、免疫流行病学监测研究 Hai Nguyen-Tran,Sang Woo Park,Matthew R Vogt,Perdita Permaul,Alicen B Spaulding,Michelle L Hernandez,Jennifer A Bohl,Sucheta Godbole,Tracy J Ruckwardt,Peter W Krug,Daniel L Moss,Alexandrine Derrien-Colemyn,Ananda Chowdhury,Gabrielle Dziubla,Lu Wang,Mike Castro,Sandeep R Narpala,Elizabeth R Longtine,Amy R Henry,Teri-T B Ngo,Leonid Dzantiev,George B Sigal,C Jessica Metcalf,David W Kimberlin,Samuel R Dominguez,Abraham Mittelman,Adrian B McDermott,Leonid A Serebryannyy,Bryan Grenfell,Kevin Messacar,Daniel C Douek The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p22 31 Sotrovimab versus usual care in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial 索托维单抗与常规治疗对住院新冠肺炎患者的疗效对比（RECOVERY）：一项随机、对照、开放标签、平台试验 RECOVERY Collaborative Group RECOVERY协作组 The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p34 32 A 3-month clofazimine–rifapentine-containing regimen for drug-susceptible tuberculosis versus standard of care (Clo-Fast): a randomised, open-label, phase 2c clinical trial 含氯法齐明-利福喷丁的3个月方案与标准治疗方案治疗药物敏感性结核病的对比（Clo-Fast）：一项随机、开放标签、2c期临床试验 John Z Metcalfe,Isabelle R Weir,Kimberly K Scarsi,Alberto Mendoza-Ticona,Samuel Pierre,Luke Hall,Jorge Leon-Cruz,Elin M Svensson,Simon E Koele,Wadzanai Samaneka,Cecilia Kanyama,Maxwell Yohane,Neetal Nevrekar,Busisiwe Ntsalaze,Jean Bernard Marc,Melanie Goth,Gary Maartens,Richard Chaissonon behalf of the ACTG A5362 study team The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p46 33 Global policy responses to antimicrobial resistance, 2021–22: a systematic governance analysis of 161 countries and territories 2021-22年全球应对抗菌药物耐药性的政策反应：对161个国家和地区进行的系统性治理分析 Jay Patel,Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam,Sruthi Ranganathan,Neil Vezeau,Emily O'Neill,Anne Harant,Michael Stolpe,Lothar H Wieler,Tim Eckmanns,Devi Sridhar The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p55 34 Efficacies of artemether–lumefantrine, artesunate–amodiaquine, dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine, and artesunate–pyronaridine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children aged 6 months to 10 years in Uganda: a randomised, open-label, phase 4 clinical trial 乌干达6个月至10岁儿童使用蒿甲醚-本芴醇、青蒿琥酯-阿莫地喹、双氢青蒿素-哌喹和青蒿琥酯-吡喃隆治疗无并发症恶性疟原虫疟疾的疗效：一项随机、开放标签、4期临床试验 Moses R Kamya,Joaniter I Nankabirwa,Chris Ebong,Victor Asua,Moses Kiggundu,Stephen Orena,Martin Okitwi,Stephen Tukwasibwe,Bosco Agaba,Daniel Kyabayinze,Jimmy Opigo,Damian Rutazana,Benjamin Binagwa,Edward Mugwanya,Shakira Babirye,Gloria Sebikaari,Patrick M Condo,Grace Appiah,Sam L Nsobya,Melissa D Conrad,Philip J Rosenthal,Leah F Moriarty,Adoke Yeka The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p67 35 Safety, tolerability, and protective efficacy of a radiation-attenuated, whole sporozoite malaria vaccine in children in Gabon: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial 加蓬儿童使用辐射减毒全孢子虫疟疾疫苗的安全性、耐受性和保护效力：一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、2期试验 Selidji T Agnandji,Jeroen Bok,Ayodele Alabi,Anita L Kabwende,Armel Mbouna,Juste Bie,Eleonne Moukiti,Albert Lalremruata,Meral Esen,Andrea Kreidenweiss,Natasha KC,B Kim Lee Sim,Thomas L Richie,L W Preston Church,Matthew B B McCall,Stephen L Hoffman,Peter G Kremsner,Benjamin Mordmüller The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p79 36 Effectiveness of the TAK-003 dengue vaccine in adolescents during the 2024 outbreak in São Paulo, Brazil: a test-negative, case–control study TAK-003登革热疫苗在2024年圣保罗暴发期间对青少年的有效性：一项测试阴性病例对照研究 Otavio T Ranzani,Felippe Lazar Neto,Lisany Krug Mareto,Thiago Sanches Brumatti,Roberto Dias de Oliveira,Patricia Vieira da Silva,Edinéia Ribeiro dos Santos,Tatiana Lang D' Agostini,Regiane A Cardoso De Paula,Natalie E Dean,Albert I Ko,Derek A T Cummings,Jason R Andrews,Matt D T Hitchings,Julio Croda The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p91 37 Rifasutenizol-based triple therapy versus bismuth plus clarithromycin-based triple therapy for first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in China (EVEREST-HP): a phase 3, multicentre, randomised, triple-dummy, double-blind, controlled, non-inferiority trial 以利法苏替尼唑为基础的三联疗法与铋剂加克拉霉素为基础的三联疗法作为中国幽门螺杆菌感染一线治疗的对比（EVEREST-HP）：一项3期、多中心、随机、三模拟、双盲、对照、非劣效性试验 Zhiqiang Song,Liya Zhou,Weihong Wang,Cheng Lan,Tongyu Tang,Jun Xie,Huizhen Fan,Xuehong Wang,Xiuli Zuo,Yin Zhu,Chengxia Liu,Yongsong Gu,Huang Feng,Xiang Gao,Qing Zhang,Hong Zhang,Jing Chen,Guozhu Geng,Zhenkun Maon behalf of the EVEREST-HP Study Group The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):p101 Series（专题研讨会） 38 Prevention and Management of Infections in People who are Immunocompromised 免疫功能低下人群感染的预防和治疗 Innovation in active and passive immunisation of people who are immunocompromised: a call to action 免疫功能低下人群主动和被动免疫接种的创新：行动呼吁 Joshua A Hill,Jim Boonyaratanakornkit,Malgorzata Mikulska,Benjamin W Teh,William O Hahn,Ghady Haidar,Catherine Liu,Deepali Kumar,Michael G Ison,Natasha Halasa The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e16 39 Prevention and Management of Infections in People who are Immunocompromised 免疫功能低下人群感染的预防和治疗 Tackling antimicrobial resistance in people who are immunocompromised: leveraging diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship 应对免疫功能低下人群的抗菌药物耐药性：利用诊断和抗菌药物管理 Catherine Liu,Emily A Rosen,Erica J Stohs,Hannah Imlay,Masayuki Nigo,Lee S Gottesdiener,Miranda So,Frank Tverdek,Sanjeet Dadwal,Carlota Gudiol,Michael J Satlin,Susan K Seo,Jason A Trubiano,Ritu Banerjee,Kimberly E Hanson,Lilian M Abbo The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e30 Review（综述） 40 Unveiling the incidences and trends of alveolar echinococcosis in Europe: a systematic review from the KNOW-PATH project 揭示欧洲肺泡棘球蚴病的发病率和趋势：来自KNOW-PATH项目的系统综述 Adriano Casulli,Bernadette Abela,Daniele Petrone,Barbara Šoba,Balázs Dezsényi,Jacek Karamon,Laurence Millon,Urmas Saarma,Daniela Antolová,François Chappuis,Severin Gloor,Marcel Stoeckle,Beat Müllhaupt,Relja Beck,Heimo Lagler,Felix Lötsch,Herbert Auer,Marie-Pierre Hayette,Libuše Kolářová,Sniedze Laivacuma,Mindaugas Šarkūnas,Vitalijus Sokolovas,Audronė Marcinkutė,Karin Troell,Ansgar Deibel,Pikka Jokelainen,Małgorzata Sulima,Dagny Krankowska,Stillhard Roman,Gaëtan-Romain Joliat,Nermin Halkic,Solange Bresson-Hadni,Joanna Halina Bednarek,Andrzej Załęski,Małgorzata Paul,Sheraz Yaqub,Mogens Jensenius,Joke van der Giessen,Laura Nabarro,Peter Chiodini,Florent Demonmerot,Jenny Knapp,Beate Grüner,Peter Kern,Lynn Peters,Federica Santolamazza,Azzurra Santoro The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e49 Personal View（个人观点） 41 Azithromycin mass drug administration: balancing survival benefits and risks in children 阿奇霉素大规模药物给药：平衡儿童生存益处与风险 Nubwa Medugu,Ian C Michelow,Claudette Poole,Stephen K Obaro The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e62 Clinical Picture（临床影像） 42 Unexpected finding in a 17-year-old female undergoing screening colonoscopy 17岁女性接受筛查结肠镜检查时的意外发现 Ziheng Calvin Xu,Ethan Tan,Mayur Garg The Lancet Infectious Diseases Vol 26(1):e75 THE LANCET Infectious Diseases. Volume 26Number 2 柳叶刀传染病学 26卷 2期 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current EDITORIAL(社论) 1 Call for letters 征稿启事 The Lancet Infectious Diseases The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p111 Comment（述评） 2 Long COVID is here to stay—even in children 长期新冠症状将持续存在——即使在儿童中亦是如此 Danilo Buonsenso The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p112 3 Beyond ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir: the case for ensitrelvir in COVID-19 treatment 利托那韦强化版奈玛特韦之外的选择：恩赛特韦在新冠肺炎治疗中的应用 Ming Hong Choi,Ivan Fan Ngai Hung The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p113 4 A new monoclonal in the arMAMentarium against malaria 抗疟“武器库”中的新型单克隆抗体 Freia-Raphaella Lorenz,Matthew B B McCall The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p115 5 Household transmission of mpox in Africa: limited in adults but more prevalent in children 非洲猴痘家庭传播情况：在成人中传播有限，但在儿童中更为普遍 Oriol Mitjà,Michael Marks The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p117 6 The lasting lessons of mpox: infection, vaccination, and immune memory 猴痘带来的持久教训：感染、疫苗接种和免疫记忆 Raianna Fantin,Camila H Coelho The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p118 7 Xpert-Ultra for diagnosing asymptomatic tuberculosis Xpert-Ultra用于诊断无症状结核病 Xia Yu,Hairong Huang The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p120 8 The genomic surveillance gap: averting the antimicrobial resistance pandemic requires global equity and action 基因组监测的差距：避免抗菌药物耐药性大流行需要全球公平与行动 David M Aanensen,Iruka N Okeke,Pilar Donado-Godoy,Beverly Egyir,Ravikumar K Lingegowda,Sonia Siaon behalf of the NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Genomic Surveillance of AMR The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p122 Correspondence（读者来信） 9 Spillover in dengue trials 登革热试验中的溢出效应 Thomas A Smith,Samuel I Watson The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e77 10 Spillover in dengue trials – Author's reply 登革热试验中的溢出效应——作者回复 Fernando Abad-Franch The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e78 11 Updating the traditional voriconazole trough concentration range 传统的伏立康唑谷浓度范围更新 Rongqiang Liao,Xiaoyuan Zheng The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e79 12 Updating the traditional voriconazole trough concentration range – Authors' reply 传统的伏立康唑谷浓度范围更新——作者回复 Inderpaul Singh Sehgal,Ritesh Agarwal,Valliappan Muthu The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e80 13 Clinical course and neurological profile of Kyasanur Forest disease 基萨努尔森林病的临床病程和神经特征 Nitin Gupta,Tirlangi Praveen Kumar The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e82 Corrections（更正） 14 Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2025; published online Oct 10. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00482-7 对《柳叶刀-传染病》2025年发表内容的更正；10月10日在线发表。https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00482-7 The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e83 15 Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2025; published online Dec 1. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00681-4 对《柳叶刀-传染病》2025年发表内容的更正；12月1日在线发表。https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00681-4 The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e83 Newsdesk（新闻台） 16 Promising early data for sorfequiline 索氟维林早期数据令人鼓舞 Ed Holt The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e84 17 Highlights from ASTMH 2025 2025年美国热带医学与卫生学会年会亮点 Marco De Ambrogi The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e85 18 Brazil approves domestic single-shot dengue vaccine 巴西批准国产单剂登革热疫苗 Marcia Triunfol The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e86 19 CDC cuts to childhood vaccine recommendations 美国疾控中心削减儿童疫苗接种建议 Priya Venkatesan The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e87 20 WHO launches unified plan for coronaviruses 世界卫生组织启动冠状病毒统一计划 Talha Burki The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e88 21 Infectious disease surveillance update 传染病监测更新 Cahal McQuillan The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e89 22 Research in brief 研究简讯 Priya Venkatesan The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e90 Obituary（讣告） 23 Walter Dowdle 沃尔特·道德尔 Sanjeet Bagcchi The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p124 Profile（人物简介） 24 Katie Anders—improving global dengue control 凯蒂·安德斯——改善全球登革热防控 Tony Kirby The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p125 Media Watch（媒体观察） Film（电影） 25 Eliminating Guinea worm 根除麦地那龙线虫 Sanjeet Bagcchi The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p126 Articles（论著） 26 Long COVID associated with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection among children and adolescents in the omicron era (RECOVER-EHR): a retrospective cohort study 奥密克戎时代儿童与青少年长期新冠症状与SARS-CoV-2再感染的关联（RECOVER-EHR）：一项回顾性队列研究 Bingyu Zhang,Qiong Wu,Ravi Jhaveri,Ting Zhou,Michael J Becich,Yuriy Bisyuk,Frank Blanceró,Elizabeth A Chrischilles,Cynthia H Chuang,Lindsay G Cowell,Daniel Fort,Carol R Horowitz,Susan Kim,Nathalia Ladino,David M Liebovitz,Mei Liu,Abu S M Mosa,Hayden T Schwenk,Srinivasan Suresh,Bradley W Taylor,David A Williams,Jeffrey S Morris,Christopher B Forrest,Yong Chenon behalf of the RECOVER Consortium The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p127 27 Antiviral efficacy of oral ensitrelvir versus oral ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir in COVID-19 (PLATCOV): an open-label, phase 2, randomised, controlled, adaptive trial 口服恩赛特韦与口服利托那韦强化版奈玛特韦在新冠肺炎治疗中的抗病毒疗效（PLATCOV）：一项开放标签、2期、随机、对照、适应性试验 William H K Schilling,Podjanee Jittamala,Phrutsamon Wongnak,James A Watson,Simon Boyd,Viravarn Luvira,Tanaya Siripoon,Thundon Ngamprasertchai,Elizabeth M Batty,Ellen Beer,Shivani Singh,Tanatchakorn Asawasriworanan,Timothy Seers,Koukeo Phommasone,Terry John Evans,Varaporn Kruabkontho,Thatsanun Ngernseng,Jaruwan Tubprasert,Mohammad Yazid Abdad,Wanassanan Madmanee,Jindarat Kouhathong,Kanokon Suwannasin,Watcharee Pagornrat,Tianrat Piteekan,Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn,Kittiyod Poovorawan,Manus Potaporn,Attasit Srisubat,Bootsakorn Loharjun,Kesinee Chotivanich,Mallika Imwong,Sasithon Pukrittayakamee,Arjen M Dondorp,Nicholas P J Day,Watcharapong Piyaphanee,Weerapong Phumratanaprapin,Nicholas J Whiteon behalf of the PLATCOV Collaborative Group The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p139 28 Cefiderocol versus standard therapy for hospital-acquired and health-care-associated Gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infection (the GAME CHANGER trial): an open-label, parallel-group, randomised trial 头孢地尔与标准疗法治疗医院获得性和医疗保健相关性革兰氏阴性菌血流感染（GAME CHANGER试验）：一项开放标签、平行分组、随机试验 David L Paterson,Helmi Sulaiman,Po-Yu Liu,Mark D Chatfield,Mesut Yilmaz,Zeti Norfidiyati Salmuna,Mohd Zulfakar Mazlan,Siriluck Anunnatsiri,Rujipas Sirijatuphat,Darunee Chotiprasitsakul,David C Lye,Jyoti Somani,Shirin Kalimuddin,Abdullah T Aslan,Visanu Thamlikitkul,Yi-Tzu Lee,Ya-Sung Yang,Yi-Tsung Lin,Wan Nurliyana Wan Ramli,Chien-Hao Tseng,Sophia Archuleta,Yvonne Fu Zi Chan,Brian M Forde,Hugh Wright,Adam G Stewart,Kay A Ramsay,Weiping Ling,Vicki Rossi,Tiffany M Harris-Brown,Patrick N A Harrison behalf of the GAME CHANGER Trial Investigators The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p148 29 Efficacy and safety of ascending doses of orodispersible ivermectin co-administered with albendazole for Trichuris trichiura infections in preschool-aged children in Tanzania: a 坦桑尼亚学龄前儿童感染毛首鞭形线虫时，递增剂量口服分散片伊维菌素与阿苯达唑联合用药的疗效和安全性：一项单盲、随机、对照、剂量递增、2期试验 single-blind, randomised, controlled, dose-ranging, phase 2 trial Viviane P Sprecher,Annina Schnoz,Stefan Biendl,Halima S Hussein,Sarah O Najim,Mohammed N Ali,Ibrahim S Mohammed,Said M Ali,Jan Hattendorf,Jennifer Keiser The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p160 30 Human monoclonal antibody MAM01 for protection against malaria in adults in the USA: a first-in-human, phase 1, dose-escalation, double-blind, placebo-controlled, adaptive trial 人源单克隆抗体MAM01保护美国成年人免受疟疾侵害：一项首次人体、1期、剂量递增、双盲、安慰剂对照、适应性试验 Kirsten E Lyke,Andrea A Berry,Matthew B Laurens,Jennifer Winkler,Sudhaunshu Joshi,Abra Rachida Koudjra,Lauryn Butler,Peter F Billingsley,Tales Pascini,Asha Patil,B Kim Lee Sim,Grace Fitzgerald,Julie Riegel,Kayla Andrews,Micha Levi,Aparna B Anderson,Charles D Wells,Hong Liu,James Huleatt,R Scott Miller The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p170 31 Characterising household transmission dynamics of clade Ib mpox in Burundi: a prospective cohort study 布隆迪Ib分支猴痘家庭传播动力学特征：一项前瞻性队列研究 Raoul Kamadjeu,Ferdinand Nsengimana,Manassé Nimpagaritse,Edna Moturi,Eric Kezakarayagwa,Rose Nkiko,Jonas Ngendakumana,Rémy Nimubona,Liliane Nkengurutse,Hamady Ba,Dionis Nizigiyimana,Paul Ngwakum,Mame Selbee Diouf,France Bégin,Joseph Nyandwi,Douglas James Noble The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p182 32 Long-term consequences of monkeypox virus infection or modified vaccinia virus Ankara vaccination in Belgium (MPX-COHORT and POQS-FU-PLUS): a 24-month prospective and retrospective cohort study 比利时猴痘病毒感染或改良痘苗病毒安卡拉株疫苗接种的长期后果（MPX-COHORT和POQS-FU-PLUS）：一项为期24个月的前瞻性和回顾性队列研究 Christophe Van Dijck,Nicole Berens-Riha,Luca M Zaeck,Cécile Kremer,Jacob Verschueren,Jasmine Coppens,Fien Vanroye,Elisabeth Willems,Evi Bosman,Natalie De Cock,Bart Smekens,Leen Vandenhove,Odin Goovaerts,Anke Van Hul,Janne Wouters,Bart K M Jacobs,Stefanie Bracke,Matilde Hens,Isabel Brosius,Elise De Vos,Eugene Bangwen,Sarah Houben,Achilleas Tsoumanis,Pedro Henrique Lopes Ferreira Dantas,Jojanneke Rutgers,Amber Lipman,Koen Wijnans,Patrick Soentjens,Emmanuel Bottieau,Chris Kenyon,Johan van Griensven,Thijs Reyniers,Niels Horst,Kevin K Ariën,Marjan Van Esbroeck,Andrea Torneri,Koen Vercauteren,Wim Adriaensen,Rory D de Vries,Joachim Mariën,Laurens Liesenborghs The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p190 33 Long-term risk of tuberculosis among individuals with Xpert Ultra trace screening results in Uganda: a longitudinal follow-up study 乌干达Xpert Ultra微量筛查结果阳性个体患结核病的长期风险：一项纵向随访研究 Joowhan Sung,Mariam Nantale,Annet Nalutaaya,Patrick Biché,James Mukiibi,Joab Akampurira,Rogers Kiyonga,Francis Kayondo,Michael Mukiibi,Caitlin Visek,Caleb E Kamoga,David W Dowdy,Achilles Katamba,Emily A Kendall The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：p203 Review（综述） 34 Invasive group A streptococcal infections: lessons learned from the 2022–23 upsurge 侵袭性A组链球菌感染：从2022-23年激增中吸取的教训 Alix Flamant,Alicia Demirjian,Theresa Lamagni,Julie Toubiana,Pierre R Smeesters,Jérémie F Cohen The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e91 35 A clinical practice guideline for tuberculous meningitis 结核性脑膜炎临床实践指南 Joseph Donovan,Fiona V Cresswell,Elizabeth W Tucker,Angharad G Davis,Ursula K Rohlwink,Julie Huynh,Regan Solomons,James A Seddon,Nathan C Bahr,Arjan van Laarhoven,Suzanne T Anderson,Sanjay K Jain,Felicia C Chow,Sophie Pattison,James E Scriven,Gabriela Singh,Rob E Aarnoutse,Jan-Willem C Alffenaar,Sofiati Dian,Abi Manesh,Robin Basu Roy,Varinder Singh,Ronald van Toorn,Caryn M Upton,Reinout van Crevel,Kelly E Dooley,Diana Gibb,David Meya,Robert J Wilkinson,Ewelina Rogozińska,Usha K Misra,Anthony Figaji,Guy E Thwaites The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e96 36 Towards shorter therapy for candidaemia: defining uncomplicated candidaemia in adults 缩短念珠菌血症疗程：界定成人非复杂性念珠菌血症 Ilana Reinhold,Susanne Picardi,Blasius Liss,Danila Seidel,Jannik Stemler,Philipp Koehler,Tamara Ruegamer,Rosanne Sprute,Oliver A Cornely The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e112 Personal View（个人观点） 37 A transformation in cholera surveillance 霍乱监测的变革 Amanda K Debes,Erin T Baumgartner,Kendra N Williams,David A Sack The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e124 Clinical Picture（临床图像） 38 Paediatric ocular toxocariasis with relentless progression despite negative metagenomic testing 尽管宏基因组检测呈阴性，但儿科眼弓蛔虫病仍持续进展 Diya Shah,Shiama Balendra,Harry Petrushkin,Anamika Patel The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Feb 2026，Vol 26(2)：e130 THE LANCET Infectious Diseases. Volume 26Number 3 柳叶刀传染病学 26卷 3期 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/issue/current EDITORIAL（社论） 1 Promises and challenges of AI in infectious diseases 人工智能在传染病领域的承诺与挑战 The Lancet Infectious Diseases The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p213 COMMENT（述评） 2 More real-world evidence for RSV vaccines in the global community 全球范围社区呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）疫苗的更广泛的现实证据 Kristina L Bajema,Wesley H Self The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p214 3 Rapid diagnostic antigen tests for mpox and the need for decentralised testing—not quite there yet 猴痘快速诊断抗原检测及分散检测的必要性——尚待完善 Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka,Kevin K Ariën The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p215 4 Solving the data bottleneck for artificial intelligence in infectious diseases 解决传染病人工智能领域的数据瓶颈问题 Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p217 5 Artificial intelligence and One Health: potential for spillover prediction? 人工智能与“同一健康”理念：能否预测病原体外溢？ Marion Koopmans,Istvan Csabai,Daniel Remondini,Emma Snary,Frank Aarestrup The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p219 6 Artificial intelligence in the development of vaccines for infectious diseases 人工智能在传染病疫苗研发中的应用 Steve Black,Shabir A Madhi,Rino Rappuoli The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p221 7 Peer review at The Lancet Infectious Diseases in 2025 2025年《柳叶刀-传染病学》期刊专家评审 Ursula Hofer The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p223 8 Thank you to The Lancet Infectious Diseases statistical and peer reviewers in 2025 感谢2025年《柳叶刀-传染病学》期刊的统计学及评审专家 The Lancet Infectious Diseases Editors The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e132 CORRESPONDENCE（读者来信） 9 Methodological considerations in the attribution of long COVID to first or second infection 首次或二次感染导致长期新冠症状的方法学考量 Sara Carazo,Danuta M Skowronski,Manale Ouakki,Gaston De Serres The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e139 10 Methodological considerations in the attribution of long COVID to first or second infection – Authors' reply 首次或二次感染导致长期新冠症状的方法学考量——作者回复 Bingyu Zhang,Qiong Wu,Ravi Jhaveri,Christopher B Forrest,Yong Chen The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e141 11 Humoral immunity after LP.8.1 monovalent vaccines against a broad range of SARS-CoV-2 variants including XEC, LP.8.1, NB.1.8.1, XFG, and BA.3.2 LP.8.1单价疫苗针对包括XEC、LP.8.1、NB.1.8.1、XFG和BA.3.2在内的多种SARS-CoV-2变异株的体液免疫应答 Yu Kaku,Mizuka Fujiwara,Keiya Uriu,Maximilian Stanley Yo,Shusuke Kawakubo,Jumpei Ito,Naoya Itoh,Yoshifumi Uwamino,Fumitake Saito,Hironori Satoh,The Genotype to Phenotype Japan (G2P-Japan) Consortium,Kei Sato The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e142 12 Precision diagnostics for MBLs: the true game changer in treating antimicrobial resistance 金属β-内酰胺酶精准诊断：治疗抗菌药物耐药性的真正变革者 Brenda A Warecki,María F Mojica,Alejandro J Vila,Robert A Bonomo The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e144 13 Precision diagnostics for MBLs: the true game changer in treating antimicrobial resistance – Authors' reply 金属β-内酰胺酶精准诊断：治疗抗菌药物耐药性的真正变革者——作者回复 David L Paterson,Abdullah T Aslan,Patrick N A Harris The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e145 CORRECTIONS（更正） 14 Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2025; published online Dec 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00659-0 《柳叶刀-传染病学》2025年发表文章勘误；在线发表于12月9日。https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00659-0 The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e146 15 Correction to Lancet Infectious Diseases 2026; published online Jan 20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00773-X 《柳叶刀-传染病学》2026年发表文章勘误；在线发表于1月20日。https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00773-X The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e146 NEWSDESK（新闻台） 16 Rabies an increasing threat in Ukraine 乌克兰狂犬病威胁日益加剧 Ed Holt The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e147 17 People needing trachoma interventions at record low 需要沙眼干预措施的人数创历史新低 Timothy Jesudason The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e148 18 Uneven STI response in EU/EEA countries 欧盟/欧洲经济区国家性传播感染应对措施不均衡 Sanjeet Bagcchi The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e149 19 Controversial HBV vaccine trial in Guinea-Bissau halted 几内亚比绍有争议的乙型肝炎病毒疫苗试验被叫停 Talha Burki The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e150 20 Research in brief 研究简讯 Priya Venkatesan The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e151 OBITUARY（讣告） 21 Ivan Hirsch 伊万·赫希 Sanjeet Bagcchi The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p224 PROFILE（人物介绍） 22 Reem Abu Shomar— championing water safety in Gaza 里姆·阿布·舒马尔——加沙地带水安全倡导者 Tony Kirby The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p225 MEDIA WATCH（媒体观察） Book（书籍） 23 A prescription for public health literacy 提升公众健康素养的良方 Vijay Shankar Balakrishnan The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p226 Book（书籍） 24 Imagining the inevitable 想象不可避免之事 Cahal McQuillan The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p227 Film（电影） 25 Women's autonomy, safe sex and HIV prevention 女性自主权、安全性行为与艾滋病预防 Sanjeet Bagcchi The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p228 ARTICLES（论著） 26 Vaccine effectiveness of a bivalent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pre-F vaccine against RSV-associated hospital admission among adults aged 75–79 years in England: a multicentre, test-negative, case–control study 英国75-79岁成年人中双价呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）预融合F蛋白疫苗对RSV相关住院的有效性：一项多中心、检测阴性、病例对照研究 Rebecca Symes,Heather J Whitaker,Shazaad Ahmad,David Arnold,Suryabrata Banerjee,Cariad M Evans,Robin Gore,Jennifer Hart,Katy Heaney,Onn Min Kon,Anne Melhuish,Munira Ortale Zogaib,Emanuela Pelosi,Najib M Rahman,Gerrit Woltmann,Tricia McKeever,Maria Zambon,Conall H Watson,Wei Shen Lim,Jamie Lopez Bernalon behalf of the HARISS network collaborators The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p229 27 Oral itraconazole versus oral voriconazole for treatment-naive patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in India (VICTOR-CPA trial): a single-centre, open-label, randomised, controlled, superiority trial 印度治疗初治慢性肺曲霉病患者口服伊曲康唑与口服伏立康唑的对比研究（VICTOR-CPA试验）：一项单中心、开放标签、随机、对照、优效性试验 Inderpaul Singh Sehgal,Ritesh Agarwal,Sahajal Dhooria,Kuruswamy Thurai Prasad,Valliappan Muthu,Ashutosh Nath Aggarwal,Shivaprakash M Rudramurthy,Mandeep Garg,Arunaloke Chakrabarti The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p239 28 Accounting for non-adherence to assigned antibiotic treatment duration for bloodstream infection (BALANCE): a post-hoc analysis of a randomised clinical trial 血流感染抗生素治疗疗程依从性考量（BALANCE）：一项随机临床试验的事后分析 Sean W X Ong,Ruxandra Pinto,Robert K Mahar,Asgar Rishu,Joshua S Davis,Robert A Fowler,Steven Y C Tong,Nick Danemanfor the BALANCE trial consortium The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p250 29 Field evaluation of a rapid antigen test for mpox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda: a multicentre, prospective, diagnostic accuracy study 刚果民主共和国和乌干达猴痘快速抗原检测的现场评估：一项多中心、前瞻性、诊断准确性研究 Barnabas Bakamutumaho,David Lupande Mwenebitu,Winters Muttamba,Ingrid Ampeire,Henry Kyobe Bosa,Esto Bahizire,Bertin Casinga Bisimwa,Andrew Obuku,Misaki Wayengera,Alison Sandeman,Matthew T G Holden,Patrick D M C Katoto,Bruce Kirenga,Deborah A Williamson,Wilber Sabiiti The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p260 30 Complications and mortality of typhoid fever: an updated global systematic review and meta-analysis 伤寒热的并发症与死亡率：一项更新的全球系统综述与荟萃分析 Shruti Murthy,Nienke N Hagedoorn,Suzanne Faigan,Meera D Rathan,Christian S Marchello,John A Crump The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p270 31 Global, regional, and national burden of Chagas disease, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 1990-2023年全球、区域和国家层面查加斯病负担：2023年全球疾病负担研究的系统分析 GBD 2023 Chagas Disease and RAISE Study Collaborators The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p284 32 Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 RVF vaccine against Rift Valley fever among healthy adults in Uganda: a single-centre, single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation, phase 1 trial 乌干达健康成年人中ChAdOx1裂谷热疫苗的安全性、耐受性和免疫原性：一项单中心、单盲、随机、安慰剂对照、剂量递增的1期试验 Zacchaeus Anywaine,Jennifer Serwanga,Abu-Baker Mustapher Ggayi,Andrew Max Abaasa,Daniel Wright,Ben Gombe,Peter Ejou,Tamara Namata,Antony Kigozi,Naboth Tukamwesiga,Vincent Basajja,Violet Ankunda,Dora Jocelyn Mulondo,Florence Nambaziira,Ayoub Kakande,Wilson Kakeeto,Phiona Nabaggala,Daniel Jenkin,Alison Lawrie,Pedro Folegatti,Nguyen Tran,Christian Hansen,Alison M Elliott,Adrian V S Hill,George M Warimwe,Pontiano Kaleebu The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p302 33 Immunogenicity and safety of an 18-month booster dose of the VLA15 Lyme borreliosis vaccine candidate after primary immunisation in children, adolescents, and adults in the USA: a randomised, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial 美国儿童、青少年和成人基础免疫后18个月VLA15莱姆病疫苗候选物的加强免疫接种的免疫原性和安全性：一项随机、观察者盲法、安慰剂对照的2期试验 Laura Wagner,Michaela Obersriebnig,Romana Hochreiter,Vera Kadlecek,Julian Larcher-Senn,Lisa Hegele,Jason D Maguire,Timothy Murphy,Ulla Derhaschnig,Nicole Bézay,Juan Carlos Jaramillo,Susanne Eder-Lingelbach,Marc Messier The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：p314 SERIES（研讨会） Artificial Intelligence and Infectious Diseases 人工智能与传染病 34 Artificial intelligence and infectious diseases: an evidence-driven conceptual framework for research, public health, and clinical practice 人工智能与传染病：基于证据的研究、公共卫生和临床实践概念框架 Anna Odone,Chiara Barbati,Silvia Amadasi,Tanja Schultz,David B Resnik The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e152 35 Artificial intelligence and infectious disease diagnostics: state of the art and future perspectives 人工智能与传染病诊断：现状与未来展望 Luca Miglietta,Timothy M Rawson,Ronald Galiwango,Alex Tasker,Damien K Ming,Darlington Akogo,Cecilia Ferreyra,Eric O Aboagye,N Claire Gordon,Carolina Garcia-Vidal,Jesus Rodriguez-Manzano,Alison H Holmes The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e168 36 Artificial intelligence and infectious diseases: tackling antimicrobial resistance, from personalised care to antibiotic discovery 人工智能与传染病：应对抗菌药物耐药性，从个性化治疗到抗生素发现 Alex Howard,Nada Reza,Peter L Green,Mo Yin,Erin Duffy,Henry C Mwandumba,Alessandro Gerada,William Hope The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e181 REVIEW（综述） 37 Community-acquired respiratory virus infections in patients with haematological malignancies or undergoing haematopoietic cell transplantation: updated recommendations from the 10th European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia 血液系统恶性肿瘤患者或接受造血细胞移植患者社区获得性呼吸道病毒感染：第10届欧洲白血病感染会议更新建议 Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal,Fareed Khawaja,Francesca Compagno,Christine Robin,José-Luis Piñana,Simone Cesaro,Hermann Einsele,Per Ljungman,David Navarro,Michael Boeckh,Roy F Chemaly,Hans H Hirsch The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e193 CLINICAL PICTURE（临床图像） 38 Mycoplasma hominis toe osteomyelitis: a rare and unusual bone infection 人型支原体足趾骨髓炎：一种罕见且不寻常的骨感染 Cheryl Keel,Pauleen McSherry,Rebecca Thombre,Sendurann Nadarajah,Rediat Tewolde,Owen B Spiller,Baharak Afshar The Lancet Infectious Diseases. Mar 2026，Vol 26(3)：e207

疫苗信使RNA临床1期临床研究

2026-02-26

·谈呼吸

拨开哮喘异质性迷雾：从 T2 高 / 低二分法，重塑中重度哮喘诊疗新坐标

引言：三十年临床路，从 “一视同仁” 到 “因人而异” 的求索回想起我这三十多年的呼吸科医生经历，支气管哮喘的诊疗发展就像一幅宏大的画卷。以前，我们把哮喘当成一种单一的疾病，主要靠支气管舒张剂和糖皮质激素来治疗，感觉一招就能解决所有问题。但随着时间推移，我们进入了精准医学的时代。在临床工作中，一直有个难题困扰着我们：同样被诊断为 “中重度哮喘”，为啥有些患者用了标准治疗方法，特别是吸入性糖皮质激素（ICS），效果很好；可有些患者却还是反复出现急性加重，生活质量也受到严重影响呢？其实，这背后就是哮喘本身复杂的 “异质性” 在捣乱。一直以来，我们尝试根据一些临床特征，像过敏情况、发病年龄、胖瘦等来把哮喘分成不同的 “表型”，这在一定程度上对治疗有帮助，但就像从管子里看豹，只能看到一部分，没办法真正了解疾病的本质。今天，我想和各位同行以及求知欲强的患者朋友们一起深入探讨一个很重要的观点，它正在改变我们的临床治疗方式 ——“基于哮喘的异质性和临床实践，中重度哮喘的管理和评估建议分为 2 型高表达（T2-high）和 2 型低表达（T2-low）”。这可不只是学术概念的变化，而是我们从 “只针对症状治疗” 到 “针对病因治疗” 的关键一步，是解开哮喘异质性谜团的一把重要钥匙。第一部分：溯源与演进 —— 从 “表型” 到 “内型” 的认知飞跃要明白 T2 高 / 低分型为什么这么重要，我们得先搞清楚两个关键概念：“表型” 和 “内型”。 1.表型（Phenotype）：就是通过临床观察能看出来的疾病特征组合，比如 “过敏性哮喘”“迟发性哮喘” 或者 “肥胖相关性哮喘”。它描述的是疾病看起来是什么样的，这是我们以前常用的分类方法。但问题是，不同表型的患者可能有相似的内在生物学通路，而同一表型的患者，他们疾病的内在驱动机制也可能差别很大。 2.内型（Endotype）：则深入到分子层面，是由特定的生物学机制或通路来定义的疾病亚型，它回答了疾病为什么会这样的根本问题。 T2 高 / 低分型，是目前临床上最有用的 “内型” 分类方法。它不再只看表面，而是直接针对哮喘炎症的核心驱动因素 ——2 型炎症通路。这个通路以辅助性 T 淋巴细胞 2（Th2）为中心，会释放白细胞介素 - 4（IL - 4）、白细胞介素 - 5（IL - 5）和白细胞介素 - 13（IL - 13）等细胞因子，引发以嗜酸性粒细胞活化和IgE产生为特点的炎症反应。根据这个，哮喘被简单又准确地分成了两类： T2 - high 哮喘（2 型高表达）：这类哮喘的气道炎症主要是由上述 2 型炎症通路引起的。大概 50% - 70% 的哮喘患者都属于这一类，在重度哮喘患者中占比更高。 T2 - low 哮喘（2 型低表达）：它的炎症机制和经典的 2 型通路没关系，可能涉及 Th1/Th17 通路、中性粒细胞活化等，机制更复杂，还在研究当中。这种分类方法很有革命性，因为它第一次根据疾病的核心病理生理机制，把复杂的哮喘疾病谱分成了两个不同的类型，而且这两个类型能直接指导我们治疗。第二部分：精准画像 —— 如何 “捕获” T2 高低表达的生物标志物既然 T2 高 / 低分型这么关键，那我们临床医生在日常忙碌的工作中，怎么准确判断患者属于哪一类呢？答案就是依靠一系列客观、能测量的生物标志物（Biomarkers）。这些标志物就像 “小信使”，能告诉我们患者气道内炎症的类型。 1. 识别 T2 - high 哮喘的 “三驾马车” 现在，全球和中国最新的哮喘防治指南，像 GINA 2025 和《支气管哮喘防治指南 (2024 年版)》，都推荐用下面这些标志物来评估 2 型炎症水平。外周血嗜酸性粒细胞（Blood Eosinophils, BEC）计数：这是最方便、常见的检测方法。嗜酸性粒细胞是 T2 炎症的 “主力军”。一般来说，BEC ≥ 150 - 300 cells/μL 就提示可能存在 2 型炎症。不过要注意，这个数值不是绝对标准，更像是一个连续的范围。数值越高，T2 炎症特征就越明显，对靶向治疗的预测价值也就越强。呼出气一氧化氮（Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide, FeNO）：FeNO 检测又快又不会给患者造成创伤，能马上反映气道内嗜酸性粒细胞性炎症的程度。因为 IL - 13 能让气道上皮细胞产生一氧化氮，所以 FeNO 升高就是 T2 炎症的直接证据。通常认为，FeNO ≥ 20 - 25 ppb 说明可能有 2 型炎症，要是FeNO > 50 ppb，那就很可能是 T2 - high 型哮喘。痰液嗜酸性粒细胞（Sputum Eosinophils）百分比：这是评估气道炎症比较准确的方法之一，但因为它是有创操作，对技术要求也高，基层医院不太容易开展。痰液嗜酸性粒细胞≥2% - 3% 是诊断嗜酸粒细胞性哮喘的重要指标。另外，血清总 IgE 水平（特别是过敏性哮喘患者，>100 IU/mL）和血清骨膜蛋白（Periostin）也可以作为参考。在实际临床中，我们一般会综合看这些指标，不会只依赖一个数值。 2. T2 - low 哮喘的 “排除性诊断” 困境和 T2 - high 哮喘有明确证据不同，T2 - low 哮喘目前主要靠排除法来诊断。如果患者是中重度哮喘，但上面说的 T2 生物标志物水平都很低（比如，BEC < 150 cells/μL 且 FeNO < 20 ppb），我们就把他归为 T2 - low 型。这类患者的气道炎症可能以中性粒细胞为主，但现在还没有一个特别准确、容易检测的 “阳性” 生物标志物来确诊 T2 - low 哮喘。这是目前哮喘精准治疗领域面临的一个大难题。临床警示：2 型炎症状态不是固定不变的，它会受到治疗（特别是 ICS 的使用）、感染等多种因素影响。所以，我们要定期评估患者的 T2 状态，特别是在调整治疗方案之前，要重新看看他们的生物标志物水平。第三部分：治疗决策分野 ——T2 高 / 低分型下的 “殊途” 与 “同归” T2 高 / 低分型的最大价值，体现在它能给我们的治疗决策带来很大改变。它为我们指出了两条不一样的治疗道路，但最终目标都是控制哮喘。 1. T2 - high 哮喘的 “高速公路”：靶向生物制剂时代 T2 - high 型患者从精准医学中受益最大。因为他们的发病机制很清楚，所以针对 2 型炎症通路关键环节的生物制剂就出现了，而且效果很好。对 ICS 的良好应答：从基础治疗来说，T2 - high 患者一般对 ICS 反应不错，因为 ICS 能有效抑制嗜酸性粒细胞炎症。生物制剂的精准打击：对于那些用了高剂量 ICS/LABA 治疗，哮喘还是控制不好的重度 T2 - high 患者，我们现在有很多厉害的 “生物导弹”。GINA 等权威指南已经把生物制剂的选择流程画成了图，明确建议根据患者的生物标志物特点来选药。抗 IgE 治疗（奥马珠单抗）：适合血清 IgE 水平升高，而且对特定过敏原有反应的过敏性哮喘患者。抗 IL - 5/IL - 5Rα 治疗（美泊利单抗、本瑞利珠单抗等）：直接针对嗜酸性粒细胞的生长、分化和活化，对 BEC 水平明显升高的患者效果特别好。很多临床试验和实际治疗经验都证明，BEC 水平越高，患者从这类药物中得到的好处（比如急性加重次数减少、肺功能改善）就越多。抗 IL - 4Rα 治疗（度普利尤单抗）：能同时阻断 IL - 4 和 IL - 13 这两条关键通路，全面覆盖 T2 炎症，对 BEC 和 FeNO 水平都升高的患者效果显著。抗 TSLP 治疗（替泽普鲁单抗）：作用于 2 型炎症的上游启动因子 —— 胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素（TSLP），可以广泛抑制下游炎症，不管 BEC 或 FeNO 水平高低，都有效果，给一些生物标志物不典型的患者提供了新选择。 2. T2 - low 哮喘的 “迷雾探索”：挑战与现有策略相比之下，T2 - low 哮喘的治疗就像在迷雾中摸索，还在不断探索。对 ICS 反应不佳：因为 T2 - low 患者的炎症不是嗜酸性粒细胞引起的，所以他们对 ICS 的治疗效果往往不好，甚至没效果，这是临床上很让人头疼的问题。现有治疗选择有限：目前，我们还没有专门针对 T2 - low 哮喘的特效靶向药物。临床治疗更多是尝试多种方法一起用：长效抗胆碱能药物（LAMA）：像噻托溴铵，可以作为 ICS/LABA 的辅助治疗，通过舒张支气管来改善肺功能，对 T2 - low 患者有一定帮助。大环内酯类抗生素：长期小剂量使用阿奇霉素，在著名的 AMAZES 试验中被证明可以减少非嗜酸性粒细胞性哮喘患者的急性加重，可能是因为它有抗炎和调节免疫的作用。支气管热成形术（BT）：这是一种非药物治疗方法，通过减少气道平滑肌的量来改善症状，给一些难治性 T2 - low 患者提供了一个选择。生活方式干预：对于和肥胖有关的 T2 - low 哮喘，减肥很重要。未来靶点的探索：针对 T2 - low 哮喘潜在的靶点，比如 IL - 17、CXCR2、IL - 1β 等，相关药物研发正在进行，但大部分临床试验结果不太理想，或者还在早期阶段，这说明我们对 T2 - low 的病理生理机制了解还不够，需要继续深入研究。结论：眺望地平线 —— 超越二分法，迈向真正的个体化医疗再看回一开始提到的把中重度哮喘分成 T2 - high 和 T2 - low 的建议，这可不是简单的学术分类，它彻底改变了我们的临床思维方式。它提醒我们，不能再用 “一刀切” 的方法治疗，要拿起生物标志物这个 “探测工具”，主动去了解每个患者气道炎症的真实 “内型”。这个二分法，是在目前的科学认知和技术条件下，对临床治疗最有指导意义的精准医疗实践。它像一座灯塔，为 T2 - high 患者照亮了高效靶向治疗的大路，也为我们在 T2 - low 这个未知领域的探索指明了方向，让我们知道挑战在哪里，激励着医学界去攻克这些难题。不过，作为严谨的临床科学家，我知道这个二分法只是走向未来的一步。T2 - low 本身可能包含多种不同的内型。未来的研究肯定会借助多组学技术和人工智能，把 T2 - low 分得更细，找到新的生物标志物和治疗靶点。对于每一位呼吸科医生和深受哮喘困扰的患者来说，我们处在一个充满变革的时代。理解并运用 T2 高 / 低分型，能让我们为患者做出更合理的治疗决策，让患者真正受益。这不仅是医学知识的更新，更是对每一位患者生命质量的承诺。让我们一起在精准诊疗的道路上继续探索，从 “治疗哮喘这种病” 真正变成 “治疗每一个独特的哮喘患者”。互动话题：各位同行和患者朋友们，对于哮喘的 T2 高 / 低分型，你们在临床实践或者自身经历中有什么体会和疑问吗？比如在生物标志物检测、治疗方案选择等方面，欢迎在评论区分享交流，我们一起探讨如何更好地应对哮喘。新春快乐 2026 New Year 马年吉祥 2026 New Year 免责声明本文为基于当前医学研究与临床指南的科普性文章，旨在提供信息参考，不构成任何具体的医疗建议。所有诊断和治疗决策，请务必咨询并遵从您的主治医生。 2026 转发给需要的家人朋友，一起科学控病！ @关注我，带你用医生的视角看懂呼吸世界！

100 项与阿奇霉素相关的药物交易

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外链

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D07486	阿奇霉素	J01FA10 S01AA26	DB00207

研发状态

批准上市

10 条最早获批的记录,

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适应症	国家/地区	公司	日期
生殖器感染	韩国	Shinpoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	2024-06-28
下呼吸道感染	韩国	Shinpoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	2024-06-28
中耳炎	韩国	Shinpoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	2024-06-28
皮肤结构和软组织感染	韩国	Shinpoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	2024-06-28
睑缘炎	日本	Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	2019-06-18
泪囊炎	日本	Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	2019-06-18
睑腺炎	日本	Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.	2019-06-18
肺炎	日本	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	2011-07-01
细菌性结膜炎	美国	Thea Pharma Inc.	2007-04-27
急性细菌性鼻窦炎	美国	PF Prism CV	2005-06-10
急性支气管炎	日本	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	2000-03-10
喉炎	日本	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	2000-03-10
肺脓肿	日本	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	2000-03-10
淋巴结炎	日本	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	2000-03-10
冠周炎	日本	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	2000-03-10
牙周炎	日本	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	2000-03-10
咽炎	日本	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	2000-03-10
呼吸道感染	日本	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	2000-03-10
鼻窦炎	日本	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	2000-03-10
皮肤和皮肤结构感染	日本	Pfizer Japan, Inc.	2000-03-10

未上市

10 条进展最快的记录,

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适应症	最高研发状态	国家/地区	公司	日期
炎症	临床3期	马里	Pfizer Inc.	2020-10-15
疟疾	临床3期	马里	Pfizer Inc.	2020-10-15
新型冠状病毒感染	临床3期	美国	Pfizer Inc.	2020-05-22
寻常痤疮	临床3期	意大利	Pfizer Inc.	2007-02-09
咽喉炎	临床3期	日本	Pfizer Inc.	2006-11-01
慢性呼吸道疾病	临床3期	日本	Pfizer Inc.	2006-10-01
哮喘	临床3期	美国	Pfizer Inc.	2006-01-01
急性细菌性结膜炎	临床3期	美国	Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.	2004-07-01
猩红热	临床3期	美国	Pfizer Inc.	2003-05-01
猩红热	临床3期	加拿大	Pfizer Inc.	2003-05-01

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临床结果

适应症

分期

评价

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研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


NCT03871491 (A‐PLUS, Pubmed \| Int J Gynaecol Obstet)	临床3期	产后出血	29,478	Azithromycin	廠衊範鹹衊蓋憲衊鹹構(選顧簾顧鬱網願糧簾鹹) = 選壓膚鏇繭簾製衊積廠鹹廠糧齋鏇顧艱窪蓋選 (鹽鹹夢簾範鏇衊壓積築 ) 更多	积极	2026-01-13
				Placebo	廠衊範鹹衊蓋憲衊鹹構(選顧簾顧鬱網願糧簾鹹) = 壓鹽鬱製觸艱繭願糧築鹹廠糧齋鏇顧艱窪蓋選 (鹽鹹夢簾範鏇衊壓積築 ) 更多
NCT04716712 (Mortalite Infantile Reduite par l’Administration de Masse de l’Azithromycine, Pubmed \| BMJ Glob Health)	临床4期	-	302,067	Azithromycin	鏇繭積壓鑰構鏇衊繭觸(餘構築鹹製範膚膚衊鹹) = 繭範願積構積鹹鹹淵餘壓憲齋鹹廠壓構蓋積鑰 (膚願繭蓋鑰鑰觸淵觸製, 2.1 ~ 3.1) 更多	不佳	2026-01-01
				Placebo	鏇繭積壓鑰構鏇衊繭觸(餘構築鹹製範膚膚衊鹹) = 獵鏇製鏇餘範鑰糧築獵壓憲齋鹹廠壓構蓋積鑰 (膚願繭蓋鑰鑰觸淵觸製, 1.8 ~ 3.2)
NCT02414399 (Toto Bora, Pubmed \| BMJ Glob Health)	临床4期	-	1,276	Azithromycin	蓋鬱淵襯選範築膚獵鹽(鹹艱簾醖積遞網遞餘遞) = 鑰鬱鹽獵鏇構夢簾憲壓膚淵鑰網衊糧繭願襯鏇 (顧蓋觸醖構廠艱蓋鏇鏇, -0.049 ~ -0.028) 更多	不佳	2025-11-01
				Placebo	憲積鏇鹹齋鏇製顧淵願(膚鬱製顧鑰選獵糧齋選) = 齋廠憲網憲遞鹽鏇構鑰鹹築廠網艱醖壓窪簾願 (鹽鬱鬱顧鬱餘憲鑰蓋觸, 0.011 ~ 0.033)
NCT04424511 (Pubmed \| N Engl J Med)	临床3期	-	1,151	Placebo	簾製憲衊網壓壓壓繭襯(齋衊淵築製積觸蓋網襯) = Adverse events were rare, and the percentages of infants with adverse events were similar in the three groups. 網壓蓋簾鑰顧醖鏇範齋 (顧選蓋積鏇壓構淵廠簾 ) 更多	不佳	2025-10-16
				Azithromycin two times a year
NCT02544984 (Pubmed \| Pediatr Pulmonol)	临床3期	支气管肺发育不良	60	Azithromycin 5 mg/kg	範繭築窪積願鏇製衊廠(糧餘積繭壓積壓窪網淵) = 網鏇餘齋膚鹽襯鹹憲範鬱築齋範顧襯憲鹹壓獵 (鏇糧餘衊鹹艱蓋遞積鏇 ) 更多	不佳	2025-10-01
				Placebo	範繭築窪積願鏇製衊廠(糧餘積繭壓積壓窪網淵) = 顧獵襯願淵鑰築築窪醖鬱築齋範顧襯憲鹹壓獵 (鏇糧餘衊鹹艱蓋遞積鏇 ) 更多
NCT02048007 (Pubmed \| JAMA Netw Open)	临床3期	疟疾	4,726	Azithromycin	獵窪壓憲鏇夢網齋餘窪(簾餘廠廠鹹顧齋網遞鬱) = 構鬱齋窪壓積壓網壓遞窪獵壓選獵顧鏇鬱鹹製 (糧顧壓觸壓壓窪壓憲鏇, 5.1 ~ 15.7)	积极	2025-08-18
				Placebo	獵窪壓憲鏇夢網齋餘窪(簾餘廠廠鹹顧齋網遞鬱) = 獵築鬱壓製齋範鬱衊壓窪獵壓選獵顧鏇鬱鹹製 (糧顧壓觸壓壓窪壓憲鏇, 4.0 ~ 12.6)
NCT04224987 (AVENIR, CTgov)	临床4期	细菌感染	864,493	Placebo+Azithromycin (Azithro 1-11)	鹹夢獵鬱繭糧醖夢製顧 = 鏇構餘膚獵顧鑰廠糧範願廠鑰鏇鏇壓觸鏇遞繭 (鬱鏇齋鑰範齋餘製遞鬱, 願觸範夢憲窪壓艱壓網 ~ 窪鹽製糧衊窪積廠鹽壓) 更多	-	2025-05-14
				Azithromycin (Azithro 1-59)	鹹夢獵鬱繭糧醖夢製顧 = 膚醖網艱廠廠膚製淵簾願廠鑰鏇鏇壓觸鏇遞繭 (鬱鏇齋鑰範齋餘製遞鬱, 衊廠鑰鏇窪衊夢鑰遞襯 ~ 襯衊淵獵觸遞遞壓構衊) 更多
NCT06272370 (iTREAT-PC, CTgov)	临床4期	哮喘 \| 呼吸道感染	103	Asthma Symptom Monitoring online tools (Enhanced Usual Care)	鏇鏇簾齋繭願願壓觸觸(淵衊糧鬱製襯夢繭淵衊) = 蓋構齋積繭獵簾顧衊範願獵顧衊鏇廠淵膚鹽蓋 (製餘艱艱顧鹹衊製觸繭, 3.82) 更多	-	2025-04-20
				Inhaled Steroids (Rescue Inhaled Corticosteroids)	鏇鏇簾齋繭願願壓觸觸(淵衊糧鬱製襯夢繭淵衊) = 蓋簾顧網襯範壓鹽膚衊願獵顧衊鏇廠淵膚鹽蓋 (製餘艱艱顧鹹衊製觸繭, 3.72) 更多
NCT05473234 (CTgov)	临床3期	营养不良	310	Amoxicillin (Amoxicillin)	鏇選蓋構窪憲選鹹醖衊(構衊網選淵簾構膚窪遞) = 遞鏇積構積獵選積網膚築廠願襯簾夢窪餘積製 (鹽願衊窪蓋遞鑰鬱製憲, 17.11) 更多	-	2025-02-25
				Azithromycin (Azithromycin)	鏇選蓋構窪憲選鹹醖衊(構衊網選淵簾構膚窪遞) = 憲艱遞積遞糧築膚選壓築廠願襯簾夢窪餘積製 (鹽願衊窪蓋遞鑰鬱製憲, 18.82) 更多
NCT03676764 (CHAT \| The CHAT Randomized Clinical Trial, CTgov)	临床4期	-	77,664	Azithromycin (Biannual Mass Oral Azithromycin)	夢構艱衊鏇積選蓋艱醖 = 淵鑰鹽鏇選蓋餘鏇醖餘鏇夢鹹糧網餘夢鑰願蓋 (顧壓選製衊製蓋鬱膚齋, 觸窪淵網鹹簾鹹積餘齋 ~ 製醖艱餘蓋憲淵遞鏇衊) 更多	-	2025-02-24
				Placebos+Azithromycin (Biannual Mass Oral Placebo)	夢構艱衊鏇積選蓋艱醖 = 選憲遞鹽鹽鏇網簾蓋齋鏇夢鹹糧網餘夢鑰願蓋 (顧壓選製衊製蓋鬱膚齋, 膚繭衊餘顧積襯選積構 ~ 選積築網醖觸夢製鏇壓) 更多