Alcohol Abstinence

来自印第安纳大学医学院等机构的科学家们通过研究或有望克服当前开发治疗酒精相关肝病新型疗法的障碍，文章中，研究人员识别出了一种名为PDK4的特殊蛋白在酒精相关肝病发生过程中的新角色。 酒精相关肝病（ALD，Alcohol-associated liver disease）是一种发生在一些过度饮酒的患者机体中的复杂疾病，同时其也是美国退伍军人和肝脏移植患者发生慢性肝脏疾病的主要原因之一，尽管这种疾病很普遍，且近年来研究人员在该研究领域取得了多项进展，但在过去几十年里，研究人员尚未开发出针对酒精相关肝病的新型治疗性干预措施。近日，一篇发表在国际杂志Nature Communications上题为“Enhanced Ca2+-channeling complex formation at the ER-mitochondria interface underlies the pathogenesis of alcohol-associated liver disease”的研究报告中，来自印第安纳大学医学院等机构的科学家们通过研究或有望克服当前开发治疗酒精相关肝病新型疗法的障碍，文章中，研究人员识别出了一种名为PDK4（丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶4，Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4）的特殊蛋白在酒精相关肝病发生过程中的新角色，相关研究结果或有望帮助开发治疗该病的新型疗法。 科学家发现能驱动人类酒精相关肝病发生的特殊蛋白。 图片来源：Nature Communications (2023). DOI:10.1038/s41467-023-37214-4 研究者Liangpunsakul教授说道，PDK4在线粒体相关内质网膜的形成过程中扮演着中介的角色，其或许会驱动线粒体中钙离子的积累。PDK4是酒精诱导的肝脏损伤的一个关键媒介，线粒体中钙离子的积累与细胞中线粒体功能障碍直接相关，然而，目前研究人员并不清楚在酒精相关肝病病理学过程中促进线粒体中钙离子积累和线粒体功能异常的特殊因子。 如今我们已经知道，作为葡萄糖平衡的必要蛋白，PDK4在诸如糖尿病和癌症等机体代谢性疾病上扮演着重要作用。这项最新研究也扩展了PDK4在酒精相关肝病发生过程中所扮演的关键角色，尤其是其对线粒体和内质网的影响，同时研究者还强调了PDK4作为酒精肝相关肝病的潜在治疗靶点的重要性。 综上，本文研究结果表明，线粒体相关内质网膜的异位诱导的形成或许会逆转PDK4缺陷在酒精诱导的肝脏损伤的保护性效应，研究者还揭示了PDK4在促进酒精相关肝病中线粒体功能异常的中介作用。（生物谷Bioon.com） 原始出处： Thoudam, T., Chanda, D., Lee, J.Y. et al. Enhanced Ca2+-channeling complex formation at the ER-mitochondria interface underlies the pathogenesis of alcohol-associated liver disease.Nat Commun 14, 1703 (2023). doi：10.1038/s41467-023-37214-4

自古以来，延年益寿一直是我们的追求，但其实长寿的最简单方式就是保持健康的生活方式。2010年，美国心脏协会（AHA）提出的理想心血管健康（ICH）标准就包含（不吸烟、锻炼、健康体重、血压、血糖、胆固醇）等指标，这些行为和因素直接影响着人们的心血管健康和寿命。不过目前针对该指标与亚洲人群健康之间的研究几乎空白。近日，华中科技大学的潘安团队联合了多家单位共同填补了这方面的空白。这项研究发表在《中华医学杂志》（Chinese Medical Journal）上，题目为Ideal cardiovascular health and mortality: pooled results of three prospective cohorts in Chinese adults，研究结果表明，保持健康的生活方式和心脏代谢状况可以帮助延长寿命。研究人员将三项中国人群队列研究中（时间跨越2004年至2019年）的198,164名无癌症且无心血管疾病（CVD）的参与者纳入研究。并将四种行为（吸烟、体育活动、饮食、体重指数）和三种医学因素（血压、血糖、血脂）进行评级，分为较差、中等和理想水平（即分别对应0分、1分、2分）。行为部分占8分，医学部分占6分，ICH评分占14分。并使用荟萃分析的随机效应模型汇总了三个队列的Cox回归结果。从基线特征统计来看（如下表），在Kailuan研究中，参与者更年轻，女性只占参与者的一小部分，因此饮酒较普遍。ICH得分较高的参与者更可能是年轻、女性、受教育程度较高的人和戒酒者，而理想的ICH指标水平在心血管健康状况最佳的人群中更为普遍。图注：三项中国人群队列的基线特征。（来源：Zhang, Y., et al. 2023）在研究的随访期间记录了20,176例死亡，8,164例死于心血管疾病（2,565例IHD死亡和4,662例中风死亡），3,289例死于癌症，1,112例死于呼吸道疾病。除低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）外，所有ICH指标均与全因死亡率相关。不过，LDL-C与死亡率的相关性强于其他脂质标记物。将心血管健康状况最佳与不良的参与者进行比较，全因死亡率下降52%，心血管疾病死亡率下降0.44%，呼吸系统死亡率下降0.54%（如下表）。较高的ICH评分与较低的癌症死亡率、较低的缺血性心脏病和较低的卒中死亡率相关。图注：ICH评分与全因和特定原因死亡率之间的相关性：中国成人三个前瞻性队列的汇总结果。（来源：Zhang, Y., et al. 2023）剂量反应荟萃分析显示，ICH评分越高，全因、缺血性心脏病和呼吸系统死亡率越低。考虑到因果关系，如果所有个体都为最佳心血管健康（即ICH评分10–14），则可避免25.0%的全因死亡、31.9%的心血管疾病死亡、24.8%的呼吸系统死亡。行为和医学评分越高，则全因死亡率和心血管疾病死亡率越低，且它们独立相关。与呼吸系统和癌症死亡率相关的只有较高的行为评分（如下图所示）。在行为和医学评分之间没有发现显著的相互影响。在所有医疗评分组中，低行为评分的参与者比高行为评分的参与者全因死亡率高，各组风险比如下图所示。图注：中国成年人三个前瞻性队列的汇总结果。上图：行为评分和医学评分与全因（A）、心血管疾病（B）、呼吸系统疾病（C）和癌症死亡率（D）的独立关联。中图：不同医学评分参与者的行为评分与ABCD的关系。下图：不同行为评分参与者的医学评分与ABCD的关系。（来源：Zhang, Y., et al. 2023）在所有行为评分组中，更高的医学评分与全因死亡率和心血管疾病死亡率相关，缺血性心脏病和卒中死亡率的结果与心血管疾病死亡率的结果相似。与≥60岁的人群相比，<60岁人群中ICH与心血管疾病死亡率之间的相关性更强。综合这些分析，研究人员总结道，在这三个随访了约20万中国人的队列中，最佳心血管健康与较低的全因、心血管疾病和呼吸系统死亡率相关。此外，行为健康和医疗健康都有助于降低全因和心血管疾病死亡率；不过，只有行为健康才能降低癌症和呼吸系统死亡率。行为健康与医疗健康之间没有显著的相互影响。可见，无论处在哪个年龄段、哪种健康状况下，我们都应始终追求更健康的生活方式和心脏代谢状况，因为这些因素都与降低各种死亡率相关。从今天起，开始戒烟、锻炼、健康饮食吧！参考来源：Zhang, Yanbo, et al. "Ideal cardiovascular health and mortality: pooled results of three prospective cohorts in Chinese adults." Chinese Medical Journal (2023): 10-1097.撰文 | 拉缇莎编辑 | cici精彩推荐：1、大学生捐精合格率不足20%？真相来了！大型荟萃研究证实，近50年全球男性精子数量下降超60%，且下降速度不断加快！2、癌细胞真的能被饿死吗？《Nature》: 重磅！普林斯顿研究人员发现肿瘤代谢比预想的慢！3、类器官重大进展！Cell子刊：复旦大学夏明宇团队成功建立首个具有功能性突触的耳蜗类器官，再现听觉单元早期发育！4、靠谱！《欧洲心脏杂志》大型国际研究揭示：“试管婴儿”心脏代谢健康结果与自然受孕儿童无异！5、别把电子烟不当烟！首次发现：使用电子烟时间越长，口腔细胞发生DNA损伤越多，甜味烟损害更高！

SEATTLE, June 14, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- According to Coherent Market Insights, the global prefilled syringes market is estimated to be valued at US$ 6,656.9 million in 2022 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 10.6% during the forecast period (2022-2030). Key Trends and Analysis of the Global Prefilled Syringes Market: Major players operating in the market are focusing on adopting strategies such as product launch, which is expected to drive the market growth over the forecast period. For instance, in January 2022, Hikma Pharmaceuticals PLC, a multinational pharmaceutical company, launched Diazepam injection, indicated for the management of anxiety, convulsive seizures, and alcohol withdrawals, in prefilled syringe form. Key Market Takeaways: The global prefilled syringes market is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 10.6% during the forecast period due to the increasing adoption of strategies such as public-private partnerships to increase the capacity of manufacturing prefilled syringes. For instance, in March 2020, ApiJect Systems America, a public benefit corporation, joined with the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, which leads the nation's medical and public health preparedness for response to, and recovery from disasters and public health emergencies, in announcing the launch of a public-private partnership dedicated to creating a U.S.-based high-volume, high-speed, emergency drug packaging solution, establishing surge capacity for mass-manufacturable prefilled syringes. Among types, the safety prefilled syringes segment is expected to dominate the segment growth over the forecast period, owing to product launches by the key players operating in the market. For instance, in October 2021, West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc., a global leader in innovative solutions for injectable drugs and healthcare products, announced its latest offering for the Indian domestic market with the launch of the NovaGuard SA Pro Safety System, a single-use accessory for prefilled ISO standard 0.5mL staked needle syringes. Request Sample Copy of this Report at On the basis of material types, the glass segment is expected to dominate the segment growth over the forecast period, owing to the increasing adoption of inorganic strategies such as collaborations and agreements by the key players in the market. For instance, on May 4th 2022, Stevanato Group, a global provider of drug containment, drug delivery and diagnostic solutions to the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and life sciences industries, signed an agreement with Owen Mumford Ltd, a leading medical device developer for its Aidaptus auto-injector. Aidaptus is a 2-step, single use auto-injector with a versatile design that accommodates both 1mL and 2.25 mL prefilled glass syringes in the same base device. Key players operating in the global prefilled syringes market include BD, Gerresheimer AG, SCHOTT AG, West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc., Vetter Pharma International, Stevanato Group, Terumo Corporation, Catalent, Inc., Weigao group, NIPRO PHARMA CORPORATION, Oval Medical Technologies Ltd., and SHL Medical AG. Request for Customization at Detailed Segmentation: Global Prefilled Syringes Market, By Type: Conventional Prefilled Syringes Safety Prefilled Syringes Global Prefilled Syringes Market, By Material Type: Glass Plastic Global Prefilled Syringes Market, By Design: Single-chamber Dual-chamber Customized Global Prefilled Syringes Market, By End User: Hospitals Clinics Others Global Prefilled Syringes Market, By Region: North America By Country: U.S. Canada Europe By Country: U.K. Germany Italy France Spain Russia Rest of Europe Asia Pacific By Country: China India Japan ASEAN Australia South Korea Rest of Asia Pacific Latin America By Country: Brazil Mexico Argentina Rest of Latin America Middle East & Africa By Country: GCC Countries Israel South Africa Rest of Middle East & Africa Buy this Complete Report Now at Find related trending report below: Small Molecule Prefilled Syringes Market, by Drug Class (Cardiovascular Drugs, Neurology Drugs, Analgesics, Adjuvants, and Others), by Material Type (Glass, and Plastic & Polymer), by Distribution Channel (Hospital Pharmacies, Retail Pharmacies, and Online Pharmacies), and by Region (North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East, and Africa) - Size, Share, Outlook, and Opportunity Analysis, 2021 - 2028 About Us: Coherent Market Insights is a global market intelligence and consulting organization focused on assisting our plethora of clients achieve transformational growth by helping them make critical business decisions. We are headquartered in India, having sales office at global financial capital in the U.S. and sales consultants in United Kingdom and Japan. Our client base includes players from across various business verticals in over 57 countries worldwide. We create value for clients through our highly reliable and accurate reports. We are also committed in playing a leading role in offering insights in various sectors post-COVID-19 and continue to deliver measurable, sustainable results for our clients. Contact Us: Mr. Shah Senior Client Partner – Business Development Coherent Market Insights Phone: US: +1-206-701-6702 UK: +44-020-8133-4027 Japan: +81-050-5539-1737 India: +91-848-285-0837 Email: [email protected] Website: Follow Us: LinkedIn | Twitter Logo: SOURCE Coherent Market Insights