The rapid emergence of new and highly effective obesity medications has turned the field of pediatric weight management on its head. Adolescents living with obesity, their caregivers, healthcare providers, healthcare systems, policymakers, and payors are now wondering what role health behavior and lifestyle treatment (HBLT) has in terms of body mass index (BMI) reduction, improvements in quality of life and cardiometabolic health, and mitigating nutritional concerns when medications are used. Is intensive (26+ hours) of HBLT needed or could low intensity HBLT be an equally effective alternative; and if so, for whom? Our proposed project will answer these important questions that arise daily in the clinical setting and will generate critical new insights to guide decision-making for teens with obesity and the stakeholders who care deeply about them.

开始日期2027-01-01

申办/合作机构

University of Minnesota

[+2]

NCT07389941

/ Not yet recruiting临床4期IIT

Semaglutide PrIor to CathEeter Ablation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (SPICE-AF)

To evaluate whether pre-treatment with semaglutide is superior to standard care in improving freedom from atrial fibrillation (AF) at 12 months following catheter ablation in patients with obesity and symptomatic AF undergoing first-time ablation.

开始日期2026-10-01

申办/合作机构

Universität zu Lübeck

NCT07179120

/ Not yet recruiting临床2期IIT

Male Fertility Preservation: Efficacy Evaluation of GLP-1Receptor Agonist Therapy for Infertility in Obese Males - A Multicenter Clinical Randomized Controlled Trial

Why is this study being done? Obesity can harm men's fertility by lowering sperm quality and hormone levels, making it harder to have children. Weight loss through diet and exercise helps, but it's often hard to stick with. New medicines called GLP-1 receptor agonists, like semaglutide (Ozempic) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro), help people lose weight and improve health. Early studies suggest these drugs might also boost sperm health in obese men, but more proof is needed. This study tests if these drugs can safely improve fertility in obese men who are having trouble conceiving.
What will happen in this study?
This is a 48-week study at several hospitals in China. About 180 men will be randomly assigned to one of three groups:
Group 1: Standard lifestyle changes, like a healthy diet and exercise, guided by experts.
Group 2: Weekly injections of semaglutide, starting low and increasing as tolerated.
Group 3: Weekly injections of tirzepatide, starting low and increasing as tolerated.
All men will have regular check-ups, including blood tests, semen analysis, and weight measurements. We will track sperm quality, hormone levels, weight loss, and whether their partners get pregnant naturally. The study includes an 8-week adjustment period, 24 weeks of treatment, and 16 weeks of follow-up.
Who can join this study? Men aged 20-45 who are married, obese (BMI 28 or higher or waist size 90 cm or more), and have been trying to have a baby for at least a year without success due to low sperm count or poor sperm movement. Their female partners must be under 40 and have no major fertility issues. Men must be willing to attend visits and provide samples. People with serious health problems, recent use of similar drugs, or other causes of infertility (like genetic issues) cannot join.
How long will this study last? The full study lasts 48 weeks (about 11 months), with visits every 4-8 weeks, plus monthly phone check-ins for pregnancy updates.
What are the possible benefits and risks? Benefits: If the drugs work, men may lose weight, improve sperm quality, and have a better chance of their partners getting pregnant naturally. They might also feel healthier overall. Risks: Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea from the drugs, which usually improve over time. Rare risks include pancreas inflammation or gallbladder issues. Lifestyle changes might cause minor injuries from exercise. All side effects will be monitored closely, and participants can quit anytime. Insurance covers any study-related harm.

开始日期2026-05-01

申办/合作机构

温州医科大学附属第一医院

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项与司美格鲁肽 (诺和诺德) 相关的文献（医药）

2026-02-01·JAMA Psychiatry

Semaglutide and Early-Stage Metabolic Abnormalities in Individuals With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Article

作者: Sass, Marie R. ; Hartmann, Bolette ; Correll, Christoph U. ; Storgaard, Heidi ; Kjaer, Andreas ; Hviid, Malthe ; Schilling, Christoffer ; Oturai, Peter S. ; Gefke, Maria ; Holst, Jens J. ; Vinberg, Maj ; Ekstrøm, Claus T. ; Giver, Malte E. B. ; Zamorski, Alexandra ; Schwarz, Christine R. ; Rasmussen, Line ; Vilsbøll, Tina ; Fink-Jensen, Anders ; Jensen, Andreas ; Klausen, Mette Kruse

Importance:

Individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders treated with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are at heightened risk for obesity, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes, contributing to increased cardiovascular morbidity and premature mortality. Early intervention with glucagon-like peptide–1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) may help mitigate long-term cardiometabolic risk.

Objective:

To evaluate the efficacy of adjunctive semaglutide on glycemic control, weight-associated outcomes, and cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders receiving clozapine or olanzapine and exhibiting early glycemic abnormalities.

Design, Setting, and Participants:

This was a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Participants were enrolled from 3 clinical sites in Denmark between September 2021 and August 2024. Screening individuals were aged 18 to 65 years with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and clozapine or olanzapine treatment initiated within the past 5 years. Participants had early-stage glycemic dysregulation (hemoglobin A 1c [HbA 1c ], 5.4%-7.4%) and were not receiving antidiabetic therapy.

Interventions:

Participants received once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide (1 mg) or a matching placebo, administered adjunctively to SGA therapy for 26 weeks.

Main Outcomes and Measures:

The prespecified primary outcome was change in HbA 1c level from baseline to week 26. The primary analysis adhered to the intention-to-treat principle.

Results:

Of 104 individuals screened, 73 were randomized and 57 (78%) completed the trial. Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. Mean (SD) age was 35 (12) years, 48 were female (65%), and mean (SD) body mass index was 36.1 (7.9). At week 26, semaglutide significantly reduced HbA 1c level compared with placebo (mean difference, −0.25%; 95% CI, −0.33 to −0.16; P &lt; .001); 43% of participants (12 of 28) treated with semaglutide achieved low-risk HbA 1c levels (&lt;5.4%) vs 3% with placebo. Greater reductions in body weight (−9.2 kg; 95% CI, −13.3 to −5.1 kg; P &lt; .001), waist circumference (−7.0 cm; 95% CI, −10.6 to −3.3 cm; P &lt; .001), and fat mass (−6.1 kg; 95% CI, −10.2 to −1.9 kg; P = .006) were observed with semaglutide. No differences in lipid levels, liver function, blood pressure, or psychiatric symptoms were observed. Gastrointestinal adverse events were common but mild and transient; psychiatric adverse events were similar across groups.

Conclusions and Relevance:

Results of this randomized clinical trial show that adjunctive semaglutide significantly improved glycemic control and weight outcomes in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Secondary outcomes were exploratory. These findings support the use of GLP-1RAs as a potential early intervention strategy to reduce cardiometabolic risk in this vulnerable population.

Trial Registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04892199

2026-02-01·VALUE IN HEALTH

Re-Estimation of Medicare Spending for Semaglutide After Most Favored Nation and Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Announcements

Article

作者: Nourhussein, Iman ; Dayer, Victoria ; Hansen, Ryan N ; Sullivan, Sean D ; Kasle, Adam

In late 2025, the White House announced new Most Favored Nation (MFN) pricing agreements for the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) class, including three semaglutide products, establishing substantially lower prices for Medicare and Medicaid. Shortly after, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) released Maximum Fair Prices (MFPs) for selected drugs under IPAY 2027, revealing semaglutide prices that differed from the MFN prices and from earlier assumptions used in prior economic evaluations, including our prior paper. Using previously published forecasting methods, we updated our ten-year (2026-2035) Medicare spending estimates for semaglutide across all FDA-approved indications under both the newly announced MFP and MFN price structures. Incorporating revised 30-day MFPs for Ozempic, Rybelsus, and Wegovy, as well as patient cost-sharing assumptions and future generic entry, we now estimate Medicare savings of $463 million under base-case MFP conditions, with alternative uptake scenarios producing $328-$599 million in savings and up to $1.78 billion with loss-of-exclusivity assumptions. Using the lower MFN price of $245 per month and a $600 annual patient copay, estimated Medicare savings increase substantially to $1.76 billion, ranging from $1.03 to $2.50 billion across uptake scenarios and reaching $2.63 billion with generic entry. These findings highlight the significant fiscal impact of recent price negotiations and underscore uncertainties regarding the durability and future scope of MFN-based drug pricing arrangements.

2026-01-05·Cureus Journal of Medical Science

Deep Venous Thrombosis Within Two Weeks of Initiating Oral Semaglutide (Rybelsus): A Case Report

Article

作者: Aljubayri, Eman ; Alhutayrashi, Arwa A ; Alsermani, Maamoun ; Sermani, Anas ; Abulrahman Almosaiteer, Sarah ; Ali Alkahmous, Baraa ; Saleh Alwabel, Assia ; Alshalhoob, Fai S

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are increasingly prescribed for type 2 diabetes mellitus and weight management, with growing off-label use in young adults. While GLP-1RAs are generally well tolerated, emerging evidence suggests potential associations with thromboembolic events. We report the case of a 16-year-old male with mild conventional risk factors for thrombosis [overweight body mass index (BMI) and prolonged sedentary behavior] who developed acute left lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) within two weeks of initiating oral semaglutide (Rybelsus, 7 mg daily) for weight reduction without medical supervision. He presented with progressive leg pain and swelling, and duplex ultrasonography revealed thrombosis of the distal superficial femoral and popliteal veins. An extensive thrombophilia workup, including cardiolipin and β2-glycoprotein antibodies, returned negative. Anticoagulation with low molecular weight heparin followed by apixaban resulted in significant clinical improvement. This case suggests a possible association between oral semaglutide and venous thrombosis in an adolescent, highlighting the need for careful supervision during off-label use. Possible contributing mechanisms include hemoconcentration from gastrointestinal adverse effects, interaction with sedentary behavior, and potential effects of GLP-1RAs on coagulation or endothelial function. Similar cases have been described with injectable semaglutide and other GLP-1RAs, but limb DVT associated with oral semaglutide has not previously been reported. Oral semaglutide may rarely predispose to thrombotic complications. Clinicians should maintain vigilance, especially in adolescents and individuals self-prescribing for weight loss. Further pharmacovigilance and mechanistic studies are warranted to clarify this potential association.

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项与司美格鲁肽 (诺和诺德) 相关的新闻（医药）

2026-02-10

·PRNewswire

Nation's Largest Thyroid Cancer Center Publishes White Paper Finding No Convincing Evidence That GLP-1 Medications Cause Common Thyroid Cancers

Comprehensive review aims to clarify growing public concern around Ozempic®, Wegovy®, and Mounjaro® TAMPA, Fla., Feb. 10, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- With the rapid rise in use of GLP-1 receptor agonist medications such as Ozempic®, Wegovy®, and Mounjaro® for diabetes and weight loss, public concern has grown over a possible link to thyroid cancer. A newly released white paper from the Clayman Thyroid Center offers a comprehensive review of the scientific evidence and concludes that the best available human data do not show these medications cause (or have any effect upon) the most common types of thyroid cancer. The white paper, titled "Do GLP-1 Weight-Loss Shots Like Ozempic and Mounjaro Really Raise Thyroid Cancer Risk? The Latest Facts Explained," examines mechanistic research, clinical trials, large population studies, and real-world clinical experience. Its central message: much of the current fear is driven by misunderstanding rather than strong human evidence. "Thyroid cancer is not a single disease, and that distinction matters," said Gary L. Clayman, MD, FACS, FACE, senior author of the white paper and an extremely high-volume thyroid cancer surgeon. "The FDA boxed warning tied to GLP-1 medications is specific to a rare cancer called medullary thyroid carcinoma. It does not apply to the common thyroid cancers that account for more than 95 percent of cases." The FDA warning originated from rodent studies in which animals developed C-cell tumors when exposed to GLP-1 drugs. However, important biological differences exist between rodents and humans, and large human studies have not demonstrated a similar pattern. According to the Clayman Thyroid Center's review, major international cohort studies and meta-analyses have not found increased thyroid cancer rates among GLP-1 users. Some studies showing possible "associations" may be explained by detection bias. Patients on GLP-1 therapy often have more medical visits, imaging, and specialist care, which can increase the likelihood of discovering pre-existing thyroid nodules or small cancers that might otherwise remain undetected. "When diagnoses rise shortly after starting a medication, that pattern often reflects finding something that was already there," said Rashmi Roy, MD, FACS, co-author of the white paper. "That is very different from a drug actually causing a new cancer." The review emphasizes that for patients with papillary, follicular, or Oncocytic (Hürthle cell) thyroid cancers, current evidence does not support the idea that GLP-1 medications cause these diseases or worsen their course. For these individuals, decisions about GLP-1 therapy should be individualized, considering metabolic benefits and overall health goals. However, the authors stress that caution remains appropriate for a small, specific group. GLP-1 receptor agonists are contraindicated in patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or in those with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2 (MEN2), consistent with existing FDA labeling. The Clayman Thyroid Center treats approximately 2,000 thyroid cancer patients each year and is among the highest-volume thyroid centers in the world. Within this large clinical practice, surgeons have not observed a pattern linking GLP-1 use to medullary thyroid carcinoma. "In a practice that sees more thyroid cancer than almost anywhere globally, we are not seeing a surge of medullary thyroid cancer linked to these medications," Dr. Clayman said. The authors also caution that oversimplified headlines and social media summaries can blur important distinctions between cancer subtypes and exaggerate risk. Such confusion can lead patients to discontinue beneficial medications or experience unnecessary anxiety. "Patients deserve clear, evidence-based guidance," Dr. Roy said. "Our goal is to provide clarity so people can make informed decisions with their physicians." The full white paper is available through the Clayman Thyroid Center's website and is intended as a resource for clinicians, patients, and media navigating this complex topic. About the Clayman Thyroid Center Founded by one of the nation's best-known thyroid surgeons, the Clayman Thyroid Center is the highest volume thyroid cancer referral center in the United States. The Center boasts the most experienced thyroid surgeons in the US who provide personalized care allowing the greatest opportunity for cancer cure, wellness, and cosmetic, and functional, outcomes via all types of thyroid surgery from minimal incision to scarless thyroid surgery to advanced cancer care. | (813) 940-3130 SOURCE Clayman Thyroid Center 21% more press release views with Request a Demo

2026-02-10

·微信

年终盘点 | 薛耀明教授：2025年糖尿病肾脏病的诊疗新进展

点击“蓝字”关注我们作者李晓敏薛耀明南方医科大学南方医院背景：糖尿病肾脏病（DKD）作为糖尿病常见的微血管并发症，已成为终末期肾病（ESKD）的首要致病因素，约30%~40%的T2DM 患者最终进展为慢性肾脏病（CKD）（我国T2DM合并CKD发病率为32.6%）[1,2]。2025年，随着无创筛查的突破式进展，CONFIDENCE里程碑研究结果公布以及KDIGO、ADA 、APSN等指南更新，DKD 诊疗实现从“血糖控制为核心”向“心肾代谢（CKM）全程保护”的战略转型，为降低 ESKD 发生率提供了全新解决方案。一、糖尿病肾脏病筛查与诊断新进展（一）无创筛查的突破式进展为弥补传统筛查手段的临床短板，2025年5月，上海交通大学盛斌教授团队在Lancet Digital Health发表研究论文，成功研制出全球首个基于视网膜图像的AI-深度学习系统DeepDKD，通过眼底照片即可精准检测DKD并且鉴别糖尿病特异性肾病即孤立性DKD与非糖尿病肾病（NDKD）[3]。该无创 AI 检测技术填补了DKD 无创精准筛查与病因鉴别的临床空白，既规避了传统有创检测的短板，也解决了肾活检的临床痛点，为 DKD 的早期筛查与精准分型提供了高效且便捷的全新策略。（二）生物标志物的新进展传统基于估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）和尿白蛋白/肌酐比值（UACR）的筛查体系存在早期预警不足的局限，2025年DKD早期筛查生物标志物的研究持续推进，除了既往公认的尿液结合珠蛋白（Hp）、尿液视黄醇结合蛋白（RBP）、尿液N乙酰βD氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）、尿液 β2微球蛋白（β2MG）、尿液 α1 微球蛋白（α1MG）、尿液转铁蛋白（TF）等，有研究使用机器学习、单细胞转录组和孟德尔随机化识别出，血清中versican （VCAN）可作为DKD诊断的生物标志物，VCAN也称为软骨素硫酸蛋白2（CSPG2），是一种大型ECM蛋白糖聚糖，参与DKD的病理过程，同时在肾小球及肾小管中显著富集[4]。肠道菌群与DKD的研究也是热门话题之一，有研究表明，Gemmiger菌属在碳水化合物代谢及支链氨基酸(BCAA)生物合成途径中显著富集，Gemmiger菌属丰度降低，可作为DKD诊断中的潜在生物标志物[5]。（三）疾病进展的风险预测 Joslin糖尿病中心Monika A Niewczas教授团队发现在晚期DKD队列中【eGFR 15-59 ml/(min·1.73m2)，UACR≥30mg/g】，基线时尿液补体C2、C5a、CL-K1、C6、CFH和C7与10年内肾衰竭风险有较强关联[6]。另一项研究表明，KidneyintelX.dkd评分能预测DKD患者5年内出现eGFR下降40%或肾衰竭的风险，并将其分为低、中、高三个风险等级[7]。KidneyintelX.dkd是一种新兴的复合风险评分系统，整合了三种血浆生物标志物【肿瘤坏死因子受体-1（TNFR1）、TNFR2、肾脏损伤分子-1（KIM-1）】以及UACR、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和血尿素氮（BUN）的机器学习风险评分模型。另一项研究表明，应激性高血糖比值（Stress hyperglycemia ratio, SHR）可能成为DKD人群预后评估的关键生物标志物，SHR是评估急性疾病或应激状态下患者血糖升高程度的一个指标，反映血糖的急性波动情况，计算公式SHR= FPG（mmol/L）/（1.59* HbA1c-2.59）。在DKD患者中，SHR与全因死亡率之间存在J型关系，具体来说，当SHR超过0.971时，死亡率风险显著增加。SHR与心血管死亡率之间存在U型关系，在DKD患者中，当SHR超过1.059时，心血管死亡率上升的趋势更为明显[8]。上述预后相关标志物及评分体系的研究进展，丰富了 DKD 风险评估的生物学指标维度，突破了传统指标对预后判断效能的不足，对 DKD 患者的危险度分层、预后预判及临床诊疗决策优化均具有重要的临床价值。二、糖尿病肾脏病治疗模式新进展（一）GLP-1RA的肾结局里程碑 2025 年 7 月，我国国家药品监督管理局（NMPA）基于 FLOW 研究证据批准司美格鲁肽新增 T2DM 合并 CKD 适应证，使其成为国内首个且唯一专门用于该人群的 GLP-1RA。FLOW研究纳入 3533 例患者的国际多中心试验证实，在标准治疗的基础之上，司美格鲁肽1.0mg较安慰剂可显著降低主要肾脏复合终点｛持续性eGFR降低≥50%、肾衰竭[起始长期透析、肾移植或持续性eGFR<15 ml/(min·1.73m2)]、肾性死亡或心血管死亡｝风险24%，并显著延缓eGFR年下降速率、改善尿白蛋白/肌酐比值（UACR）水平、降低主要心血管不良事件风险达18%，降低全因死亡风险达20%[9]。此研究推动2025版ADA 指南《糖尿病诊疗标准》明确推荐：无论HbA1c水平，T2DM合并CKD患者均应优先选用GLP-1RA[10]。近期发表的2026版ADA指南《糖尿病诊疗标准》也指出，对于透析患者，可安全启动或继续使用非肾脏清除依赖性的GLP-1受体激动剂治疗，以降低心血管疾病风险及全因死亡率[11]。（二）“肾三联”与“新四联”疗法的循证确立 CONFIDENCE 研究为联合治疗提供了最高级别证据：同步起始非奈利酮（nsMRA）+恩格列净（SGLT2i）+RAS抑制剂的 “肾三联”方案，180 天 UACR 降幅较单药治疗提高 30%~34%，预计可延缓透析启动达 12 年。亚组分析显示，基线收缩压≥130mmHg或年龄≥65岁患者获益更显著，且初期eGFR 轻度下降具有可逆性，血钾水平保持稳定[12]。基于此，2026年ADA指南《糖尿病诊疗标准》建议对于正在使用肾素-血管紧张素系统阻滞剂治疗，且满足2 型糖尿病、UACR≥100 mg/g、eGFR处于30～90 ml/（min·1.73 m2）的成年患者，基于CONFIDENCE 研究在安全性及降低蛋白尿方面的获益证据，可考虑同步启动SGLT2 抑制剂与非甾体类盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂（非奈利酮）治疗[11]。基于FLOW研究的重要循证依据，加之司美格鲁肽获国家药品监督管理局（NMPA）批准新增2 型糖尿病（T2DM）合并慢性肾脏病（CKD）治疗适应证，临床中采用肾素-血管紧张素系统抑制剂（RASi）、钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂（SGLT2i）、非甾体盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂（nsMRA）联合胰高糖素样肽1受体激动剂（GLP-1RA）的 “新四联” 治疗方案，正逐步成为 T2DM 合并 CKD 患者的主流治疗趋势。（三）特殊人群治疗的探索针对 1 型糖尿病（T1DM）合并 DKD 患者的治疗，2025年6月在《自然-医学》（Nature Medicine）发表的ATTEMPT试验表明，在T1DM患者中，使用SGLT2i达格列净作为胰岛素辅助治疗，并配合严格的酮体水平监测和糖尿病酮症酸中毒（DKA）风险教育，可显著降低患者肾小球滤过率（GFR）水平，控制血糖水平的同时降低体重，也未增加胰岛素用量，用药安全性良好[13]。ATTEMPT试验是在青少年1型糖尿病（12至21岁，53%女性）患者中，开展的评估SGLT2i降糖及降肾小球滤过率的一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验，为期22周，主要终点为碘海醇清除率测定的肾小球滤过率（mGFR），结果显示，相较于安慰剂组，达格列净（5mg/d）组mGFR显著多降低8.8 ml/min/1.73m2（95%CI：-12.7~-4.8，P＜0.0001），且基线mGFR越高者，使用达格列净后降幅越大；安全性方面，两组不良事件发生率相似，仅达格列净组出现1例轻度DKA。对于老年患者，ADA指南突破 “一律强化控糖” 传统，建议“健康”老人 HbA1c放宽至7.0%~7.5%；对于复杂伴中等健康状况/多合并症老年患者HbA1c放宽至 7.5%~8.0%；对于非常复杂/健康状况差（长期照护或终末期慢性疾病、中度至重度认知障碍或两种及更多日常生活活动损伤）老年患者，应避免依赖HbA1C，血糖管理决策应基于避免低血糖和症状性高血糖[14]。三、糖尿病肾脏病管理模式新进展（一）国际共识的标准化路径 2025年KDIGO高峰会议上，IDF与KDIGO联合提出 “糖尿病肾脏病协同管理六步法”：①早期识别（至少每年测定一次eGFR与UACR，高危人群每 6 个月检测 eGFR与UACR）；②分级管理（根据eGFR分期与UACR分级进行风险分层，基于风险分层制定目标）；③药物治疗（构建 RASi+SGLT2i+nsMRA 保护网）；④生活方式干预（限盐+优质蛋白摄入+规律运动）；⑤多学科协作（内分泌-肾内科联合门诊）；⑥持续随访（动态调整方案）。该路径强调患者、家庭与医疗团队的联动，使DKD防控从被动治疗转向主动管理[15]。（二）中西医结合的特色实践《糖尿病肾脏病中西医结合防治指南（2025）》重在体现中西医优势互补，防治并重思想，提出中医段辨证方案：DKD早期——微量蛋白尿期（肝肾阴虚证，脾肾气虚证），DKD中期——大量蛋白尿期（气阴两虚证，脾肾阳虚证），DKD晚期——慢性肾功能衰竭期（阴阳两虚证，肾阳虚衰证，浊毒瘀阻证），对应使用六味地黄丸、参芪地黄汤、大补元煎、大黄附子汤等经典方剂。指南同时明确“三高”控制细节：调脂首选他汀类，高危患者联用 PCSK9 抑制剂；降压以 RASi为基石，酌情加用长效钙通道阻滞剂；降糖优先选择具肾保护作用的SGLT2i或GLP-1RA；降蛋白尿方面，在RASi 基础上，酌情联合使用非奈利酮[16]。（三）晚期患者的分级诊疗创新亚太肾脏病学会（APSN）2025 指南突破传统透析时机选择标准，推荐基于临床症状而非eGFR阈值启动肾脏替代治疗。针对肾科资源匮乏地区，提出 “初级医疗机构筛查+专科中心评估”的分级模式：基层负责 eGFR<30ml/(min·1.73m2) 患者的血压、血钾监测，通过标准化流程识别需转诊指征（如 UACR 骤升、难治性高血压），有效缓解专科医疗压力[17]。（四）心-肾-代谢综合征的诊疗创新心-肾-代谢综合征（CKM，cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome）于2023年10月由美国心脏协会（AHA）提出，定义为一种健康紊乱状态，是由肥胖、糖尿病、慢性肾脏病和心血管疾病之间的病理生理相互作用引发的全身性疾病，反映了代谢风险因素、慢性肾病（CKD）与心血管系统之间复杂的相互关系，2025年，一项发表在JACC上的研究表明，中国CKM综合征的患病率从2010年的77.1%上升至2019年的83.7%，影响估计约8.75亿人，凸显了制定全面预防和管理策略的紧迫性。2025年3月，《心血管-肾脏-代谢综合征患者的综合管理中国专家共识》发布于《中国心血管病研究》杂志，强调“以人为整体的诊疗理念”，体现了多学科协作诊疗模式的持续优化[18]。四、挑战与展望尽管 2025 年诊疗进展显著，仍存在亟待解决的问题：能用于临床筛查和诊断的特异性DKD生物标志物仍欠缺，新型药物在eGFR不同分级人群中的疗效数据不足，老年患者多重用药的相互作用研究匮乏，以及药物可及性差异导致的诊疗不平等。未来研究应聚焦三大方向：①探索特异性DKD早期筛查和诊断的生物标志物，推动高风险人群的疾病进展预测模型的临床实施，实现早期干预策略；②开展以“肾三联”与“新四联”为干预方式的队列研究评估长期治疗疗效及安全性；③研发适用于终末期患者的新型肾保护药物。随着 CKM 理念的深入，DKD 诊疗将实现从“控制疾病进展”向“全面健康管理”的终极转变。结语 2025年，DKD的诊疗新进展实现了从无创AI筛查技术以及疾病进展预测模型的革新，到“肾三联”与“新四联”疗法构建多靶点保护网络，再到多学科协作诊疗模式实现全病程覆盖。这些进展不仅使延缓ESKD成为可能，更重塑了对降糖药物的价值认知——从“血糖控制工具”升维为“心肾代谢保护剂”。随着循证证据的积累与诊疗策略的优化，有望在未来 5 年内显著降低我国糖尿病相关 ESKD 的疾病负担。参考文献上下滑动可查看 [1] ROONEY M R, HE J H, SALPEA P, 等. Global and Regional Prediabetes Prevalence: Updates for 2024 and Projections for 2050[J/OL]. Diabetes Care, 2025, 48(11): e142-e144. DOI:10.2337/dc25-1640. [2] JIA W, YU R, WANG L, 等. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease among Chinese adults with diabetes: a nationwide population-based cross-sectional study[J/OL]. The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific, 2025, 55[2025-12-16]. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanwpc/article/PIIS2666-6065(24)00457-7/fulltext. DOI:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101463. [3] MENG Z, GUAN Z, YU S, 等. Non-invasive biopsy diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease via deep learning applied to retinal images: a population-based study[J/OL]. The Lancet. Digital Health, 2025, 7(5): 100868. DOI:10.1016/j.landig.2025.02.008. [4] JIANG L, JIAN J, SAI X, 等. Revealing VCAN as a Potential Common Diagnostic Biomarker of Renal Tubules and Glomerulus in Diabetic Kidney Disease Based on Machine Learning, Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis and Mendelian Randomization[J/OL]. Diabetes & Metabolism Journal, 2025, 49(3): 407-420. DOI:10.4093/dmj.2024.0233. [5] WU I W, LIAO Y C, TSAI T H, 等. Machine-learning assisted discovery unveils novel interplay between gut microbiota and host metabolic disturbance in diabetic kidney disease[J/OL]. Gut Microbes, 17(1): 2473506. DOI:10.1080/19490976.2025.2473506. [6] MD DOM Z I, MOON S, SATAKE E, 等. Urinary Complement proteome strongly linked to diabetic kidney disease progression[J/OL]. Nature Communications, 2025, 16(1): 7291. DOI:10.1038/s41467-025-62101-5. [7] MOEDT E, COCA S G, EDWARDS K, 等. Baseline Risk and Longitudinal Changes in kidneyintelX.dkd and Its Association With Kidney Outcomes in the CANVAS and CREDENCE Trials[J/OL]. Diabetes Care, 2026, 49(1): 92-98. DOI:10.2337/dc25-1722.[8] CAO B, GUO Z, LI D T, 等. The association between stress-induced hyperglycemia ratio and cardiovascular events as well as all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease and diabetic nephropathy[J/OL]. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 2025, 24: 55. DOI:10.1186/s12933-025-02610-1.[9] PERKOVIC V, TUTTLE K R, ROSSING P, 等. Effects of Semaglutide on Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes[J/OL]. The New England Journal of Medicine, 2024, 391(2): 109-121. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2403347.[10] AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE COMMITTEE. 11. Chronic Kidney Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025[J/OL]. Diabetes Care, 2025, 48(1 Suppl 1): S239-S251. DOI:10.2337/dc25-S011.[11] AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE COMMITTEE FOR DIABETES*. 11. Chronic Kidney Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026[J/OL]. Diabetes Care, 2026, 49(Supplement_1): S246-S260. DOI:10.2337/dc26-S011.[12] AGARWAL R, GREEN J B, HEERSPINK H J L, 等. Finerenone with Empagliflozin in Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes[J/OL]. The New England Journal of Medicine, 2025, 393(6): 533-543. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2410659.[13] MAHMUD F H, BJORNSTAD P, CLARSON C, 等. Adjunct-to-insulin therapy using SGLT2 inhibitors in youth with type 1 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial[J/OL]. Nature Medicine, 2025, 31(7): 2317-2324. DOI:10.1038/s41591-025-03723-6.[14] AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE COMMITTEE. 13. Older Adults: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025[J/OL]. Diabetes Care, 2025, 48(1 Suppl 1): S266-S282. DOI:10.2337/dc25-S013.[15] LI P K T, CHEUNG M, CHOW K M, 等. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Summit Recommendations on Implementation of Diabetes Management in CKD: From Primary to Data-Driven Collaborative Care[J/OL]. Kidney International Reports, 2025, 10(8): 2551-2565. DOI:10.1016/j.ekir.2025.06.010.[16] 倪青,王久玉,庞晴. 糖尿病肾脏病中西医结合防治指南[J]. 环球中医药, 2025, 18(08): 1731-1740.[17] LIEW A, BAVANANDAN S, HAO C, 等. Executive Summary of the Asian Pacific Society of Nephrology Clinical Practice Guideline on Diabetic Kidney Disease—2025 Update[J/OL]. Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.), 2025, 30(5): e70031. DOI:10.1111/nep.70031.[18] 《中国心血管病研究》杂志编辑委员会,中国未来研究会未来生物医学工程分会心肾代谢性疾病防治学组,夏经钢,等. 心血管-肾脏-代谢综合征患者的综合管理中国专家共识[J/OL]. 中国心血管病研究, 2025, 23(3): 193-228. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-5301.2025.03.001. 声明：本文仅供医疗卫生专业人士了解最新医药资讯参考使用，不代表本平台观点。该等信息不能以任何方式取代专业的医疗指导，也不应被视为诊疗建议，如果该信息被用于资讯以外的目的，本站及作者不承担相关责任。最新《国际糖尿病》读者专属微信交流群建好了，快快加入吧！扫描左边《国际糖尿病》小助手二维码（微信号：guojitnb），回复“国际糖尿病读者”，ta会尽快拉您入群滴！（来源：《国际糖尿病》编辑部）版权声明版权属《国际糖尿病》所有。欢迎个人转发分享。其他任何媒体、网站未经授权，禁止转载。

2026-02-10

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巅峰之战！2026药王争霸：礼来封神，艾伯维、赛诺菲血拼，强生跌下神坛

2026全球畅销药封神榜，都有谁？撰文｜Erin 2026年畅销药战场，风云诡谲，格局重塑。肿瘤领域早已不是唯一焦点，C位悄然易主；如今已是GLP-1与自身免疫两大战役并驾齐驱，主宰着这场没有硝烟的战争。最为惨烈的厮杀莫过于GLP-1赛道的双姝对决。礼来与诺和诺德一招一式，皆中命门。礼来的替尔泊肽凭借365亿美元总销售额与121%的狂飙增速，正式登顶新一代药王宝座；而司美格鲁肽虽以361亿美元紧随其后，但面对前者的密集攻势，已然痛失半壁江山。现如今，诺和诺德正迅速祭出口服减重产品的奇招，意图发起绝地反击。自免战场亦是新王竞立。赛诺菲的度普利尤单抗凭借拿下新适应证慢阻肺（COPD）的东风乘势而上，豪取178亿美元稳坐“一哥”之位；艾伯维的利生奇珠单抗则以近50%的凶猛增速虎视眈眈，意欲重拾后修美乐时代的铁血王座。新王立，旧王退，药王江湖自古如是。强生面对乌司奴单抗专利到期后的市场挑战，正积极调整战略、布局后继管线；诺华的司库奇尤单抗面临激烈竞争与给药频率的挑战，也凭借深厚的研发积累与前沿平台，持续推进其在自免领域的深远布局。辉煌与失落，进取与困守，在这一年交织上演。药王问鼎录其实早在2025年H1，当礼来的替尔泊肽与诺和诺德的司美格鲁肽之间仅剩20亿美元的差距时，江湖传言便已四起：2025年报发布时，便是新药王登基日。果不其然，捷报如期而至。礼来的替尔泊肽全年斩获365亿美元，以121%的狂飙增速横扫战场；而昔日“药王”司美格鲁肽虽拼死守城，仍以约361亿美元、13%的缓步增长遗憾退位。回望战场，自2023年底减重适应证获批以来，礼来替尔泊肽仅用两年时间，便以翻倍之势，硬生生从诺和诺德手中夺走“药王”桂冠。至此，全球GLP-1江湖霸主之位，正式易主礼来。当然，这也绝非偶然。替尔泊肽初入江湖的2022和2023年，便已打下“成名之战”。虽然替尔泊肽作为GIP/GLP-1双受体激动剂，但在降糖和减重上仍然要靠数据说话。于是，礼来出手便是两场硬仗：在降糖的SURPASS-2与减重的SURMOUNT-5关键试验中，直接与当时的标杆司美格鲁肽“头对头”临床试验： SURPASS-2：替尔泊肽在所有剂量下全面碾压司美格鲁肽1mg，确立了其在糖尿病领域的统治地位。 SURMOUNT-5：礼来直接挑战诺和诺德的王牌 Wegovy（2.4mg），最终以47%的相对额外减重彻底封神，确立了“减重天花板”的地位。另一个并未显露的细节是，司美格鲁肽自2017年糖尿病适应证首次获批，到2021年减重适应证获批，其间足足四年；而替尔泊肽2022年5月方才拿下降糖适应证，短短一年半后，减重适应证便已到手。礼来将两大适应证的获批窗口期几乎无缝衔接，抢占了宝贵的商业化先机。当然，诺和诺德并未束手待毙。其间，司美格鲁肽接连拿下降低肥胖者心血管风险、延缓糖尿病肾病患者疾病进展、MASH等适应证，不断加固城池。相比之下，替尔泊肽仅拓展了阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停一个领域。但诺和诺德的两次“失误”，却给了替尔泊肽反超的机会。其一是，产能失算。2022年时，司美格鲁肽几乎凭降糖减重双适应证独占市场，风头无两。然而，为其代工灌装的Catalent比利时工厂，接连被美国FDA查出无菌控制不严、设备缺陷等硬伤，两度停产整顿，直接导致2022年司美格鲁肽出货延迟、供给困难，给了对手喘息之机。相比之下，在2024年，礼来刚拿到减重适应证当即选择在美国印第安纳州、德国等地大举建厂。海外市场分析机构也曾提到，礼来在GLP-1药物竞争中获得了优势部分原因是其产能能更快跟上需求，而竞争对手在初期因供应问题（包括 Catalent 相关影响）表现不如预期。另一方面则是价格的博弈，也是决胜的关键。在2025年特朗普政府推动的药品价格谈判中，礼来表现得比诺和诺德更为主动。虽然单价有所下降，但礼来通过超高市场放量抵消了价格压力，并在2025年底夺走了美国GLP-1市场60%以上的份额。不过，诺和诺德是否就在此彻底败北了呢？或许不然，2026年1月，诺和诺德已经推出司美格鲁肽口服减重版本Wegovy Pill，公开数据显示，该产品的单周处方量暴增42%，或许Wegovy Pill还是诺和诺德短期内反击的机会。而长期来看，GLP-1的战场也将呈现两幅图景：一方是诺和诺德的司美格鲁肽长效胰淀素类似物复合制剂CagriSema VS 礼来三靶点产品Retatrutide。据悉，诺和诺德的长效胰淀素复合制剂CagriSema，最新披露的减重效果达22.7%；而礼来的三靶点产品Retatrutide，在试验中创下68周平均减重28.7% 的惊人纪录。另一方则是口服产品的战场。在诺和诺德今年推出Wegovy Pill之后，礼来也不甘落后，其口服小分子产品Orforglipron已于2025年12月提交上市申请，不过遗憾的是，FDA宣布，将其审批决定日期推迟至今年4月。如果说替尔泊肽是靠超强疗效和战术赢了2025年，并寄希望于Orforglipron赢下2026和2027年。而诺和诺德的CagriSema则是其保卫其在GLP-1领域权威地位的最后一道防线。药王之争，从未止息。下一回合的攻防，已在酝酿之中。推荐阅读 * 2026全球制药TOP10大变局：礼来、艾伯维、罗氏位居前三，辉瑞垫底 * 礼来狂飙，诺华爆发，百济首进，全球畅销药TOP50变天！自免之王争夺战全球畅销药的另一块刺激战场则在自免领域，上演着新王立、旧王退的逐鹿大戏。回望全球自免江湖史，强生凭借乌司奴单抗、古塞奇尤单抗、英夫利昔单抗等一众高手，始终怀揣问鼎之心。然而，当时间来到2026年，即便其麾下曾年销售额突破百亿美元的乌司奴单抗，亦难敌岁月。其核心专利于2023年9月到期，虽经法律诉讼将仿制对手入场时间拖延至2025年1月，但“缓刑”终有尽时。当安进、山德士等竞争对手携生物类似药入场，城池一旦失守，崩溃只在瞬息。强生乌司奴单抗在2025年销售额骤降41%，仅余60.78亿美元。于是，旧王退场，新王当立。2026年的全球自免药王或将在艾伯维和赛诺菲之中产生。前者手握利生奇珠单抗，2026年狂揽175.62亿美元，增速接近50%，锋芒毕露。后者倚仗度普利尤单抗，在2025年重拾高速增长，增速达25%，全年销售额约178亿美元，紧追不舍。不仅如此，二者皆手持利刃。艾伯维凭借利生奇珠单抗与乌帕替尼这“双子星”成功接棒修美乐之后，已呈现“大满贯”之势：利生奇珠单抗在银屑病市场一骑绝尘，在炎症性肠病领域还力压强生乌司奴单抗；乌帕替尼则横扫二线自免市场，并计划在2026年重点推进白癜风、斑秃等新适应证的审批，攻势如潮。艾伯维的野心不止于此，其修筑护城河的步伐迅猛而深远。2024年6月，从中国公司FutureGen获得一款TL1A抗体的全球权益，这款针对炎症性肠病的药物有潜力成为“同类最佳”。此外，艾伯维还在探索体内CAR-T疗法，用于自免疾病治疗。赛诺菲的赢面，胜在对大适应证的攻城略地。2024年9月，度普利尤单抗率先夺下全球首个治疗慢阻肺（COPD）的生物制剂，2025年成为其首个完整销售年度。据悉，全球COPD患者基数巨大且过去十年缺乏创新靶向药。这一新赛道的开辟也为度普利尤单抗的2025年贡献了巨大增量，美国和欧洲的COPD患者迅速转向使用该药，其带来的收入直接抵消了其他成熟适应证可能出现的增长放缓。除此之外，度普利尤单抗还在2025年相继拿下慢性自发性荨麻疹（CSU）、大疱性类天疱疮（BP）等新适应证，为其自免药王称号添砖加瓦。当然，昔日霸主强生并未束手。其CEO在2026年初称，Stelara的专利冲击已入“后期阶段”。强生正双线自救：一方面，全力推动古塞奇尤单抗从银屑病向炎症性肠病领域拓展，2025年其销售额增长40%至52亿美元，成为承接患者流失的核心支柱；另一方面，押注口服小分子药物JNJ-2113，这款全球首款针对IL-23通路的口服药，旨在以“口服替代注射”的策略重新夺回市场份额。当然，自免赛道之广阔，也有失意者，诺华便在此列。其司库奇尤单抗虽面临后来者在疗效与给药频率上的挑战，但诺华并未止步于此。从研发管线可见，公司正多路并进：一方面深挖司库奇尤单抗在新适应证上的潜力，另一方面积极推动Rhapsido、Ianalumab等新一代产品在各类免疫疾病中的临床进程，更在CAR-T等前沿领域押注长远。当下的市场份额波动，或许正是其从明星单品向管线矩阵转型中的必然调整。整体而言，与GLP-1双姝一来一回的过招不同，自免之王的争夺更像一场关于研发策略、时机、战略与执行的全面较量。旧王的城墙并非一朝坍塌，新王的加冕亦远未盖棺定论。下一回合的攻防，或许就在一个新适应证的突破，或一次技术浪潮的转身之间。一审| 石宛佳二审| 李芳晨三审| 李静芝精彩推荐大事件 | IPO | 融资&交易 | 财报季 | 新产品 | 研发日 | 里程碑 | 行业观察 | 政策解读 | 深度案例 | 大咖履新 | 集采&国谈 | 出海 | 高端访谈 | 技术&赛道 | E企谈 | 新药生命周期 | 市值 | 新药上市 | 商业价值 | 医疗器械 | IND | 周年庆大药企 | 竞争力20强 | 恒瑞 | 石药 | 中生制药 | 齐鲁 | 复星 | 科伦 | 翰森 | 华润 | 国药 | 云南白药 | 天士力 | 华东 | 上药创新药企 | 创新100强 | 百济 | 信达 | 君实 | 复宏汉霖 | 康方 | 和黄 | 荣昌 | 亚盛｜康宁杰瑞｜贝达｜微芯｜再鼎｜亚虹跨国药企｜ＭＮＣ卓越｜辉瑞｜AZ｜诺华｜罗氏｜BMS｜默克｜赛诺菲｜GSK｜武田｜礼来｜诺和诺德｜拜耳供应链｜赛默飞｜药明｜凯莱英｜泰格｜思拓凡｜康龙化成｜博腾｜晶泰｜龙沙｜三星启思会 | 声音·责任 | 创百汇 | E药经理人理事会 | 微解药直播 | 大国新药 | 营销硬观点 | 投资人去哪儿 | 分析师看赛道 | 药事每周谈 | 中国医药手册

专利到期

100 项与司美格鲁肽 (诺和诺德) 相关的药物交易

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外链

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D10025	司美格鲁肽 (诺和诺德)	A10BJ06	DB13928

研发状态

批准上市

10 条最早获批的记录,

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适应症	国家/地区	公司	日期
肝纤维化	美国	Novo Nordisk, Inc.	2025-12-22
肺纤维化	加拿大	Novo Nordisk Canada, Inc.	2025-12-21
心血管疾病	美国	Novo Nordisk, Inc.	2025-08-15
代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎	美国	Novo Nordisk A/S	2025-08-15
代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎	美国	Novo Nordisk, Inc.	2025-08-15
慢性肾病	美国	Novo Nordisk A/S	2025-01-28
慢性肾病	美国	Novo Nordisk, Inc.	2025-01-28
脑卒中	澳大利亚	Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals Pty Ltd.	2024-12-16
心肌梗塞	加拿大	Novo Nordisk Canada, Inc.	2024-11-27
肥胖	美国	Novo Nordisk, Inc.	2021-06-04
超重	美国	Novo Nordisk, Inc.	2021-06-04
2型糖尿病	美国	Novo Nordisk, Inc.	2017-12-05

未上市

10 条进展最快的记录,

后查看更多信息

适应症	最高研发状态	国家/地区	公司	日期
白蛋白尿	临床3期	加拿大	Novo Nordisk A/S	2022-03-14
白蛋白尿	临床3期	德国	Novo Nordisk A/S	2022-03-14
白蛋白尿	临床3期	荷兰	Novo Nordisk A/S	2022-03-14
白蛋白尿	临床3期	西班牙	Novo Nordisk A/S	2022-03-14
膝关节炎	临床3期	美国	Novo Nordisk A/S	2021-10-01
膝关节炎	临床3期	加拿大	Novo Nordisk A/S	2021-10-01
膝关节炎	临床3期	哥伦比亚	Novo Nordisk A/S	2021-10-01
膝关节炎	临床3期	丹麦	Novo Nordisk A/S	2021-10-01
膝关节炎	临床3期	法国	Novo Nordisk A/S	2021-10-01
膝关节炎	临床3期	挪威	Novo Nordisk A/S	2021-10-01

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临床结果

适应症

分期

评价

查看全部结果

研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


NCT04779697 (CTgov)	临床1期	肥胖	96	GLP-1 analogue - semaglutide (GLP-1a)	餘範衊觸鬱廠鑰鏇鏇廠(範積網獵鹹鹹範選築憲) = 遞顧淵襯襯顧夢憲顧獵鹹網膚範範膚廠夢艱鑰 (襯遞繭鬱範醖蓋廠鹹壓, 0.6) 更多	-	2026-02-10
				Placebo (Placebo)	餘範衊觸鬱廠鑰鏇鏇廠(範積網獵鹹鹹範選築憲) = 蓋蓋製窪築遞蓋淵網網鹹網膚範範膚廠夢艱鑰 (襯遞繭鬱範醖蓋廠鹹壓, 0.4) 更多
NCT05788965 (CTgov)	临床2/3期	囊性纤维化 \| 肥胖 \| 囊性纤维化相关糖尿病	8	Semaglutide	壓鑰簾鬱夢繭築艱選餘(膚糧憲夢壓構願網鏇鑰) = 窪構壓簾鑰窪齋範願鏇廠願選鏇壓製選艱構鹹 (觸齋範願獵壓觸積醖窪, 1.9) 更多	-	2026-01-21
NCT05579249 (CTgov)	临床4期	肥胖	500	Semaglutide (Semaglutide 2.4 mg)	鏇築選廠衊鹽窪齋鬱淵 = 淵淵襯觸構選簾觸艱夢淵簾觸鏇鬱鬱築窪襯艱 (築齋鬱餘齋淵壓膚齋簾, 構糧膚憲願窪餘顧夢憲 ~ 網衊醖範積糧齋憲選積) 更多	-	2026-01-14
				bupropion+naltrexone+orlistat+phentermine+topiramate+liraglutide (Other Anti-obesity Medications (AOMs))	鏇築選廠衊鹽窪齋鬱淵 = 壓餘鏇憲襯衊鹽網餘築淵簾觸鏇鬱鬱築窪襯艱 (築齋鬱餘齋淵壓膚齋簾, 鬱醖範繭顧範蓋憲醖憲 ~ 選鹹築膚築鹽襯製廠糧) 更多
NCT04865770 (REMODEL, CTgov)	临床3期	2型糖尿病 \| 慢性肾病	106	Semaglutide (Semaglutide 1.0 mg)	齋構鬱鹹襯蓋簾積壓願(蓋壓齋範鹽醖獵齋鏇顧) = 鹹襯壓膚製鹽廠範壓觸艱蓋築繭積願製積觸糧 (鹹蓋蓋築選網鑰鏇糧膚, 5.35) 更多	-	2026-01-14
				placebo+semaglutide (Placebo)	齋構鬱鹹襯蓋簾積壓願(蓋壓齋範鹽醖獵齋鏇顧) = 窪糧蓋簾鑰鬱膚構鏇膚艱蓋築繭積願製積觸糧 (鹹蓋蓋築選網鑰鏇糧膚, 7.39) 更多
NCT04969939 (CTgov)	临床2期	肥胖	120	Semaglutide+NNC0165-1875 (Part 1: NNC0165-1875 1.0 mg + Semaglutide 2.4 mg)	積願製觸構餘觸窪願醖 = 衊繭膚遞構壓構窪鹹積淵衊夢鹹觸鹽選醖蓋積 (憲憲顧憲觸選範鏇窪觸, 衊鑰糧鹽糧鬱壓淵簾廠 ~ 積積觸膚遞願顧餘鏇衊) 更多	-	2026-01-08
				Semaglutide+NNC0165-1875 (Part 1: NNC0165-1875 2.0 mg + Semaglutide 2.4 mg)	積願製觸構餘觸窪願醖 = 網襯鑰選襯齋窪選繭願淵衊夢鹹觸鹽選醖蓋積 (憲憲顧憲觸選範鏇窪觸, 鹽蓋鏇積襯餘餘艱齋簾 ~ 壓餘衊顧艱選選構鏇願) 更多
NCT04865770 \| NCT03819153 (REMODEL, Pubmed \| Kidney Int)	临床2期	肾脏疾病	50	Semaglutide (Type 2 Diabetes + Chronic Kidney Disease)	窪願衊顧獵獵觸廠廠蓋(廠餘襯觸齋構糧醖壓醖) = 網衊範鹹顧網鹹鑰獵積範淵築醖醖獵觸繭鹽憲 (蓋廠艱膚遞艱糧鬱鹽獵 )	积极	2026-01-01
NCT03574597 (SELECT, Pubmed \| J Med Econ)	临床3期	心血管疾病 \| 肥胖	-	Semaglutide 2.4 mg	獵廠簾願膚構醖齋鑰願(壓獵範憲觸鏇網憲積範) = 醖獵鑰憲顧衊鑰遞繭簾鏇築廠蓋築夢廠糧餘壓 (鏇襯襯選遞襯襯鬱範廠 ) 更多	积极	2025-12-31
NCT03574597 (SELECT, Pubmed \| JAMA Cardiol)	临床3期	心血管疾病 \| 肥胖	17,604	Semaglutide 2.4 mg	艱淵築製衊築網壓廠廠(艱蓋糧鬱鏇壓壓鏇範願) = 繭構網選顧簾憲遞遞繭膚壓窪鹹獵繭鏇壓鬱鹽 (淵廠鏇齋願艱膚鏇獵齋 ) 更多	积极	2025-12-23
				Placebo	艱淵築製衊築網壓廠廠(艱蓋糧鬱鏇壓壓鏇範願) = 衊選選餘遞鏇範顧壓淵膚壓窪鹹獵繭鏇壓鬱鹽 (淵廠鏇齋願艱膚鏇獵齋 ) 更多
NCT04892199 (Pubmed \| JAMA Psychiatry)	临床2期	精神分裂症	73	Semaglutide 1 mg	選觸獵艱簾積鹹簾築鹹(鹽壓繭膚繭繭繭衊衊壓) = 憲簾糧獵簾選顧簾壓壓醖獵構選獵壓膚範製餘 (餘遞網簾襯夢構遞鹽顧 )	积极	2025-12-03
NCT04971785 (WAYFIND, CTgov)	临床2期	代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎 \| 纤维化 \| 代偿期肝硬化	457	Semaglutide (SEMA)+Cilofexor (CILO)/Firsocostat (FIR) (SEMA + CILO/FIR FDC)	壓艱艱壓鑰窪積艱壓襯 = 糧遞顧壓積醖夢餘鬱觸製範範觸製憲繭願鏇鑰 (獵構鑰築齋窪夢築壓憲, 觸鏇壓窪積製壓淵夢窪 ~ 遞獵製範鹽糧簾襯憲選) 更多	-	2025-11-26
				PTM SEMA+PTM CILO/FIR (PTM SEMA + PTM CILO/FIR)	壓艱艱壓鑰窪積艱壓襯 = 艱簾積餘襯鬱憲獵遞獵製範範觸製憲繭願鏇鑰 (獵構鑰築齋窪夢築壓憲, 繭夢夢築餘衊廠選積衊 ~ 糧蓋鑰鹹壓膚襯網壓鑰) 更多