Estrogens are endogenous hormones vital in many physiol. functions in both sexes.An imbalance in the cumulative estrogen concentration creates many health problems, including cancers, osteoporosis, metabolic disorders, and neurol. diseases.This is often associated with the compensatory treatment of estrogen imbalances.The estradiol derivatives such as estriol (E3), mestranol, ethinyl estradiol (EE), estradiol valerate (EV), etc., per se or mainly in combination with progestogens are clin. applied to mitigate the unsubstantial feminine health.Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are another class of therapeutics that emerged as crucial therapeutic agents offering tissue-selective estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects, thus minimizing the undesirable side effects of steroidal therapeutics.Different classes of SERMs, including triarylethylenes, indoles, naphthalenes, and benzopyrans-based moieties, have revolutionized treatment for estrogen disorders such as osteoporosis, breast cancer, hot flashes, etc., due to their ability to modulate ER often with receptor subtype selectivity.Addnl., a combination of SERMs with Selective Estrogen Enzyme Modulators (SEEMs) particularly Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs) is also popular to tackle the clin. demand for the treatment of estrogen disorders.However, relinquishing undesirable side effects and demand for site-specific efficacy created an impetus for developing newer SERMs.An adequate understanding of estrogens, their biosynthesis, and their cognate receptors, i.e., estrogen receptors (ERs; ER-α & ER-β) is required to design or investigate an effective and safe SERM.This review delves into a discussion on the estrogens and diversified SERMs, their clin. implications in estrogen disorders, the emerging targets, and their importance.This review′s novelty relies on collating significant pieces of information and developing an understanding from the literature that renders the scope to design an effective SERM devoid of undesirable side effects.