更新于：2024-11-01

Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic

强直阵挛性癫痫

更新于：2024-11-01

基本信息

别名

CONVULSION GRAND MAL、CONVULSIONS GRAND MAL、Clonic-tonic convulsions

+ [149]

简介

A generalized seizure disorder characterized by recurrent major motor seizures. The initial brief tonic phase is marked by trunk flexion followed by diffuse extension of the trunk and extremities. The clonic phase features rhythmic flexor contractions of the trunk and limbs, pupillary dilation, elevations of blood pressure and pulse, urinary incontinence, and tongue biting. This is followed by a profound state of depressed consciousness (post-ictal state) which gradually improves over minutes to hours. The disorder may be cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic (caused by an identified disease process). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p329)

关联

项与强直阵挛性癫痫相关的药物

Cenobamate

靶点

VGSCs

作用机制

电压门控钠离子通道阻滞剂

在研机构

SK Life Science, Inc. [+7]

原研机构

SK Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.

在研适应症

癫痫 [+7]

非在研适应症

反射性癫痫

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批国家/地区

美国

首次获批日期2019-11-21

Perampanel

吡仑帕奈

靶点

AMPA receptor

作用机制

AMPA receptor拮抗剂

在研机构

Eisai Europe Ltd. [+5]

原研机构

Eisai Co., Ltd.

在研适应症

癫痫部分性发作 [+6]

非在研适应症

糖尿病性神经病变 [+8]

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批国家/地区

欧盟 [+3]

首次获批日期2012-07-23

Lacosamide

拉考沙胺

靶点

Sodium channels

作用机制

钠通道阻滞剂

在研机构

Aesica Pharmaceuticals GmbH [+12]

原研机构

UCB SA

在研适应症

癫痫 [+5]

非在研适应症

糖尿病性神经病变 [+6]

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批国家/地区

欧盟 [+3]

首次获批日期2008-08-29

项与强直阵挛性癫痫相关的临床试验

NCT06657378 / Not yet recruitingN/A

A Multicenter, Postmarketing Observational (Noninterventional) Study to Evaluate the Safety of Fycompa for Injection in Patients With Partial-Onset Seizures (Including Secondarily Generalized Seizures) (Age 4 Years or Older) or Primary Generalized Tonic- Clonic Seizures (Age 12 Years or Older)

The purpose of this study is to determine the safety of Fycompa for injection after administration in participants with epilepsy (partial-onset seizures [including secondarily generalized seizures]) (age 4 years or older) or primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures (age 12 years or older).

开始日期2024-11-01

申办/合作机构

Eisai Co., Ltd.

CTR20242404 / Active, not recruitingN/A

苯巴比妥片人体生物等效性研究

本试验旨在研究单次空腹和餐后口服山东新华制药股份有限公司研制、生产的苯巴比妥片（30 mg）的药代动力学特征；以Fujinaga pharm Co.,Ltd.持证、藤永製薬株式会社生产的苯巴比妥片（Phenobal®，30 mg）为参比制剂，比较两制剂中药动学参数Cmax、AUC0-72，评价两制剂的人体生物等效性。

开始日期2024-07-28

申办/合作机构

山东新华制药股份有限公司

CTR20242302 / CompletedN/A

丙戊酸钠缓释片（Ⅰ）（0.5 g）随机、开放、两序列、四周期、完全重复交叉单次给药空腹/餐后状态下在健康受试者中的生物等效性试验

在健康男性与女性受试者中于空腹/餐后条件下，评价受试制剂丙戊酸钠缓释片（Ⅰ）【规格：0.5 g，持证商：燃点（南京）生物医药科技有限公司】和赛诺菲（杭州）制药有限公司为持证商的参比制剂丙戊酸钠缓释片（Ⅰ）（德巴金®，规格：0.5 g）的生物等效性。

开始日期2024-07-18

申办/合作机构

燃点（南京）生物医药科技有限公司

100 项与强直阵挛性癫痫相关的临床结果

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100 项与强直阵挛性癫痫相关的转化医学

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0 项与强直阵挛性癫痫相关的专利（医药）

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1,461

项与强直阵挛性癫痫相关的文献（医药）

2024-09-02·New Zealand Veterinary Journal

Comparison of recovery of sheep, goats, and calves from reversible electrical head-only and head-to-body stunning for halal meat production

Article

作者: Johnson, CB ; Dowling, S ; Webster, J ; Farouk, MM ; Sazili, AQ ; Cameron, C ; Beausoleil, NJ

AIMSTo compare the recovery of lambs, goats, and calves from head-only (HO) or high-frequency head-to-body stunning and evaluate the complementary use of behaviour and electroencephalography (EEG) to assess return to consciousness after electrical stunning in these species.METHODSSix-month-old lambs, adult goats and calves (< 7 days old) were subjected to reversible head-only stunning (50 Hz, 1 A, 2 seconds) or reversible high-frequency head-to-body stunning (RHTB: HO followed by 2,000 Hz, 2 A, 4-second stun to body). Following stunning, behavioural recovery was assessed in 21 lambs, 22 goats, and 20 calves. Latencies to first perform behaviours (end of convulsions, head lift, attempt to right, successful righting, attempt to stand, successful standing) after stunning were scored from video recordings. Recovery of electrical brain activity indicative of consciousness was assessed using EEG in a separate cohort of minimally-anaesthetised lambs, goats and calves (n = 20 per species). EEG traces collected before and after stunning were classified as normal, epileptiform, isoelectric, or transitional activity. Following stunning, the duration of epileptiform and isoelectric activity combined (states of brain activity incompatible with conscious awareness) was calculated, as was latency to return of normal (pre-stun) EEG.RESULTSThe RHTB stun was reversible in all three species, although one sheep failed to recover and was euthanised. Both methods caused tonic and clonic convulsions in all species. Behavioural recovery of sheep and calves was similar for both methods while goats took longer to recover from RHTB than HO stunning. There was no evidence of differences between methods in the duration of EEG incompatible with consciousness or the latency to recovery of normal EEG.CONCLUSIONSHead-to-body stunning as applied here produced a reversible electrical stun in lambs, adult goats and young calves, although the benefits in terms of meat quality and operator safety are uncertain. Goats took longer to recover behaviourally from head-to-body stunning, possibly due to disrupted motor function, but there was no indication that post-stun unconsciousness lasted longer than following head-only stunning in any species. The normal behaviour for the animals' developmental age should be considered when deciding on behavioural indicators of recovery. The minimal anaesthesia model provided excellent quality EEG data that was valuable for interpretation of the behavioural responses.CLINICAL RELEVANCEFor the purposes of pre-slaughter stunning of sheep, goats and young calves, recovery appears comparable between the two methods, with all but 1/63 animals in the behaviour study recovering normal function.

2024-05-31·JBMR Plus

Identification of cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (CRABP2) as downstream target of nuclear factor I/X (NFIX): implications for skeletal dysplasia syndromes

Article

作者: Wright, Benjamin ; Stewart, Michelle ; Teboul, Lydia ; Lockstone, Helen ; Lines, Kate E ; Fischer, Roman ; Wells, Sara ; Buck, David ; Heilig, Raphael ; Thakker, Rajesh V ; Stevenson, Mark ; Kooblall, Kreepa G ; Hennekam, Raoul C

AbstractNuclear factor I/X (NFIX) mutations are associated with 2 skeletal dysplasias, Marshall-Smith (MSS) and Malan (MAL) syndromes. NFIX encodes a transcription factor that regulates expression of genes, including Bobby sox (BBX) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in neural progenitor cells and astrocytes, respectively. To elucidate the role of NFIX mutations in MSS, we studied their effects in fibroblast cell lines obtained from 5 MSS unrelated patients and 3 unaffected individuals. The 5 MSS NFIX frameshift mutations in exons 6-8 comprised 3 deletions (c.819-732_1079-948del, c.819-471_1079-687del, c.819-592_1079-808del), an insertion (c.1037_1038insT), and a duplication (c.1090dupG). Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analyses using MSS and unrelated control fibroblasts and in vitro expression studies in monkey kidney fibroblast (COS-7) cells showed that frameshift mutations in NFIX exons 6-8 generated mutant transcripts that were not cleared by nonsense-mediated-decay mechanisms and encoded truncated NFIX proteins. Moreover, BBX or GFAP expression was unaffected in the majority of MSS fibroblasts. To identify novel NFIX downstream target genes, RNA sequencing and proteomics analyses were performed on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells derived from control Nfix+/+, Nfix+/Del2, Nfix+/Del24, NfixDel24/Del24, Nfix+/Del140, and NfixDel140/Del140 mice, compared with NfixDel2/Del2 mice which had developmental, skeletal, and neural abnormalities. This identified 191 transcripts and 815 proteins misregulated in NfixDel2/Del2 MEFs with ≥2-fold-change (P <0 .05). Validation studies using qRT-PCR and western blot analyses confirmed that 2 genes, cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 (Crabp2) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (Vcam1), were misregulated at the RNA and protein levels in NfixDel2/Del2 MEFs, and that CRABP2 and VCAM1 expressions were altered in 60%–100% of MSS fibroblast cells. Furthermore, in vitro luciferase reporter assays confirmed that NFIX directly regulates CRABP2 promoter activity. Thus, these altered genes and pathways may represent possible targets for drugs as potential treatments and therapies for MSS.

2024-05-01·Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy

The description of epileptic seizures in the classical opera

Article

作者: Evers, Stefan

Epilepsy or epileptic seizures have only rarely been described in the classical opera. Four operas were detected, in which epileptic seizures are described also by musical means. Three of them ("Der Golem" by Eugen d'Albert; "Idiot" by Mieczyslaw Weinberg; "Otello" by Giuseppe Verdi) describe a generalized tonic-clonic epileptic seizure by a descending chromatic scale. One opera ("The turn of the screw" by Benjamin Britten) describes temporal lobe seizures by overtone music played by the instrument celesta.

项与强直阵挛性癫痫相关的新闻（医药）

2024-09-13

·药渡

【药渡药闻报告-仿制药篇】-2024年34期/总第95期

国内仿制药研发批准动态 01 新注册分类品种首家批准上市情况根据药渡数据调研，本次统计周期（2024.08.31-09.06）新增1个新注册分类首家过评受理号，涉及1个品种，包含1个片剂，1个注射剂。与上次统计周期相比，本次减少2个新注册分类首家过评品种。新注册分类首家过评情况丙戊酸钠缓释片（I）丙戊酸钠缓释片(Ⅰ)是由赛诺菲研发的复方缓释剂型，属于广谱抗癫痫药，适用于治疗全身性癫痫，包括失神发作、肌阵挛发作、强直阵挛发作、失张力发作及混合型发作，特殊类型的综合症等，也能治疗局部癫痫发作以及双相情感障碍相关的躁狂发作。目前已在全球多个国家和地区获批上市。根据药渡数据-仿制药库调研，包括原研企业赛诺菲在内，国内共有3家企业拥有丙戊酸钠缓释片（I）生产批文。篇幅原因，仅展示前五家企业申报进展情况，更多信息，请查看药渡数据-仿制药库药渡数据-中国注册信息库显示，国内共有15家企业布局丙戊酸钠缓释片（I）仿制报产，力争首仿。国内药企龙头之一—科伦药业于今年5月抢“首仿”失败后，福元药业于本周夺下“首仿”桂冠。其余13家的报产申请尚在审评审批过程中。丙戊酸钠缓释片（I）新注册分类申报受理情况（部分）在国内，丙戊酸钠缓释片（I）自上市后，销售额呈现出持续增长态势。据相关数据库显示，丙戊酸钠缓释片（I）在2023年全国院内市场的销售额超4亿元。在2023年抗癫痫药（化学药或生物药）全国院内销售排行榜中，丙戊酸钠缓释片（I）为TOP3产品。其中主要市场份额由赛诺菲享有。此次福元药业拿下首仿，将终结原研赛诺菲一家独大的市场局面，味国内患者带来更实惠的治疗选择。 02 一致性评价品种首家批准上市情况根据药渡数据调研，本次统计周期（2024.08.31-09.06）无一致性评价首家过评。与上次统计周期相比，本次减少2个一致性评价首家过评品种。 03 新注册分类品种批准上市情况根据药渡数据调研，本次统计周期（2024.08.31-09.06）新注册分类新增34个过评受理号，涉及26个品种，包含5个注射剂，9个片剂，1个胶囊剂，4个口服溶液剂，1个搽剂，1个干混悬剂，1个滴眼剂，2个颗粒剂，2个吸入溶液剂。与上次统计周期相比，本次增加12个新注册分类过评品种。新注册分类品种过评情况（部分） 04 一致性评价品种批准上市情况根据药渡数据调研，本次统计周期（2024.08.31-09.06）一致性评价新增1个过评受理号，涉及1个品种，包括1个注射剂。与上次统计周期相比，本次减少6个一致性评价过评品种。一致性评价品种过评情况 05 仿制药品种批准临床情况 06 仿制药品种拒绝批准/主动撤回情况国内仿制药研发申报动态 01 新注册分类品种申报上市情况根据药渡数据调研，本次统计周期（2024.08.31-09.06）新注册分类数据新增118个新报受理号，涉及85个品种，包括34个片剂，24个注射剂，1个混悬液，3个滴眼剂，4个吸入溶液剂，8个胶囊剂，2个颗粒剂，3个口服溶液剂，1个干混悬剂，1个搽剂，1个吸入混悬液，2个乳膏剂，1个凝胶剂。与上次统计周期相比，本次减少9个新注册分类申报品种。新注册分类品种申报受理情况（部分） 02 一致性评价品种申报上市情况根据药渡数据调研，本次统计周期（2024.08.31-09.06）一致性评价数据新增6个新报受理号，涉及4个品种，包括2个注射剂，1个片剂，1个颗粒剂。与上次统计周期相比，本次增加9个一致性评价申报品种。一致性评价申报受理情况（部分） 03 仿制药补充申请情况 04 仿制药申报上市专利声明信息汇总国内仿制药研发领域热点聚焦 01 国内仿制药研发领域政策法规相关动态国家药监局关于修订小儿化食制剂和消咳喘制剂说明书的公告（2024年第106号）根据药品不良反应评估结果，为进一步保障公众用药安全，国家药品监督管理局决定对小儿化食制剂和消咳喘制剂说明书中的【警示语】【不良反应】【禁忌】和【注意事项】进行统一修订。现将有关事项公告如下：一、所有上述药品的上市许可持有人应当依据《药品注册管理办法》等有关规定，按照要求修订说明书，于2024年11月27日前报省级药品监督管理部门备案。修订内容涉及药品标签的，应当一并进行修订；说明书及标签其他内容应当与原批准内容一致。在备案之日起生产的药品，不得继续使用原药品说明书。药品上市许可持有人应当在备案后9个月内对已出厂的药品说明书及标签予以更换。二、药品上市许可持有人应当对新增不良反应发生机制开展深入研究，采取有效措施做好药品使用和安全性问题的宣传培训，指导医师、药师或患者合理用药。三、临床医师、药师应当仔细阅读上述药品说明书的修订内容，在选择用药时，应当根据新修订说明书进行充分的获益/风险分析。四、患者用药前应当仔细阅读药品说明书，使用处方药的，应当严格遵医嘱用药。五、省级药品监督管理部门应当督促行政区域内上述药品的上市许可持有人按要求做好相应说明书修订和标签、说明书更换工作，对违法违规行为依法严厉查处。特此公告。 02 国内仿制药研发领域热点新闻北陆药业：关于控股子公司海昌药业碘克沙醇化学原料药获批上市的公告 9月5日，北京北陆药业股份有限公司发布公告称，控股子公司浙江海昌药业股份有限公司收到国家药品监督管理局核准签发的碘克沙醇《化学原料药上市申请批准通知书》。现将相关情况公告如下：一、药品的基本情况化学原料药通用名称：碘克沙醇英文名/拉丁名：Iodixanol 化学原料药注册标准编号：YBY70912024 有效期：18个月包装规格：25.00kg/桶、20.00kg/桶申请事项：境内生产化学原料药上市申请审批结论：根据《中华人民共和国药品管理法》及有关规定，经审查，本品符合药品注册的有关要求，批准注册。生产企业名称：浙江海昌药业股份有限公司生产企业地址：浙江省玉环市沙门镇滨港工业城长顺路36号登记号：Y20230000093 受理号：CYHS2360234 通知书编号：2024YS00926 通知书有效期：至2029年9月4日二、药品相关信息碘克沙醇（Iodixanol）为对比剂碘克沙醇注射液的原料药，适用于锥管内造影、心脑血管造影、静脉内尿路造影，其作用原理是结合碘在血管或组织内吸收X射线造成影像显示。三、对公司影响及风险提示本次海昌药业碘克沙醇原料药获得《化学原料药上市申请批准通知书》，不仅将进一步丰富海昌药业原料药品种，提升其市场竞争力，推动海昌药业原料药销售业务稳步增长，也将扩大公司在对比剂领域内原料药制剂一体化的深度和广度，为公司扩大在对比剂领域的竞争优势和市场份额创造有利条件。小D有话说为方便读者阅读及保存，我们将周报原文整理成了PDF版本，如需获取全文，可点击最上方蓝字，在“药渡仿制”公众号后台回复“0911仿制药周报”获取全文。

一致性评价上市批准

2024-09-03

·药融云

福元医药发力！业绩连续多年双增，4亿+抗癫痫药斩获首家过评

注：本文不构成任何投资意见和建议，以官方/公司公告为准；本文仅作医疗健康相关药物介绍，非治疗方案推荐（若涉及），不代表平台立场。任何文章转载需要得到授权。 9月2日，据NMPA公示，北京福元医药提交的4类仿制药丙戊酸钠缓释片(Ⅰ)获批生产并视同过评。据药融云数据库显示，丙戊酸钠缓释片(Ⅰ)在2023年全国院内市场的销售额超4亿元。截图来源：NMPA官网丙戊酸钠缓释片(Ⅰ)是由原研企业赛诺菲研发的复方缓释剂型，属于广谱抗癫痫药，适用于治疗全身性癫痫，包括失神发作、肌阵挛发作、强直阵挛发作、失张力发作及混合型发作，特殊类型的综合症等，也能治疗局部癫痫发作以及双相情感障碍相关的躁狂发作。在国内，丙戊酸钠缓释片（Ⅰ）自上市后，销售额呈现出持续增长态势。据药融云数据库显示，丙戊酸钠缓释片(Ⅰ)在2023年全国院内市场的销售额超4亿元。截图来源：药融云全国医院销售数据库在丙戊酸钠缓释片(Ⅰ)的仿制药布局上，已有包括四川科伦药业、重庆药友制药、四川科瑞德制药、山东京卫制药等在内的14家药企提交了4类仿制药申请上市，目前均处于审评审批阶段。在2023年抗癫痫药（化学药或生物药）全国院内销售排行榜中，丙戊酸钠缓释片(Ⅰ)为TOP3产品。其中赛诺菲的市场份额占比达16.92%。截图来源：药融云全国医院销售数据库面对近年来集采的强势冲击，仿制药行业普遍持续承压，而福元医药却逆流而上，研发投入及其占营收比例均逐年攀升。2021至2024上半年，公司研发投入持续增长，分别达到1.8亿、2.4亿、3.5亿及1.9亿元，占营收比例逐年提升至11.44%，彰显了强劲的研发动力。截至目前，福元医药（含子公司）已提交37个仿制药的申请上市，持续拓展仿制药版图。截图来源：药融云中国药品审评数据库 8月15日，福元医药揭晓2024年上半年财报亮点：营收稳健增长至16.55亿元，同比提升1.58%；净利润强劲跃升至2.91亿元，同比增长16.1%。延续过往五年双增佳绩，公司营收从20.2亿元扩展至33.4亿元，增长幅度高达1.6倍；净利润更是从2亿元飙升至4.89亿元，涨幅显著达2.5倍，表现十分稳健。基于此强劲上半年表现，预计福元医药全年业绩或将再创新高。截图来源：公司年报 2024年至今，福元医药（含子公司）有14款品种过评，其中有美阿沙坦钾片、丙戊酸钠缓释片(Ⅰ)、丙酸氟替卡松乳膏等8个品种迎来首家过评。 END 本文为原创文章，转载请留言获取授权近期热门资源获取后台回复关键词“报告”，获取数十篇药融云出品独家报告后台回复关键词“2023首仿”，获取2023年首仿药物获批名单后台回复“GLP-1深度报告”，获取完整《GLP-1产业现状与未来发展》PDF版。后台回复“中国 I 类新药”，获取完整《中国 I 类新药靶点》PDF版。后台回复“NAFLD/NASH”，获取完整《NAFLD/NASH报告》PDF版。后台回复“AI+制药”，获取完整《中国AI制药企业白皮书》PDF版。后台回复“XXG”，获取完整《中国心血管系统药物分析报告》PDF版。后台回复“FZZJ”，获取完整《基于剂型改良的复杂注射剂分析》PDF版。后台回复“药品进出口”，获取完整《中国药品进出口白皮书》深度报告-PDF版。联系我们，体验药融云更多专业服务会议合作园区服务数据库咨询定制服务媒体合作点击阅读原文，申请药融云企业版免费试用！

财报医药出海

2024-08-20

·GlobeNewswire-Health Care

Catalyst Pharmaceuticals to Participate in Upcoming Investor Conferences

CORAL GABLES, Fla., Aug. 20, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Catalyst Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("Catalyst" or "Company") (Nasdaq: CPRX), a commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on in-licensing, developing, and commercializing novel medicines for patients living with rare and difficult-to-treat diseases, today announced that Richard J. Daly, President and CEO of Catalyst, along with other members of Catalyst's management team, will participate in the upcoming investor conferences detailed below. 2024 Wells Fargo Healthcare Conference Date: Thursday, September 5, 2024Presentation: 2:15 PM ETWebcast Link H.C. Wainwright 26th Annual Global Investment Conference Date: Monday, September 9, 2024 - VirtualPresentation: Available beginning at 7:00 AM ETWebcast Link 2024 Cantor Global Healthcare Conference Date: Wednesday, September 18, 2024Presentation: 2:30 PM ETWebcast Link The webcasts will be available under the Investors section on the Company's website, www.catalystpharma.com, and a replay will be available for at least 30 days. About Catalyst Pharmaceuticals With exceptional patient focus, Catalyst is committed to developing and commercializing innovative first-in-class medicines that address rare and difficult-to-treat diseases. Catalyst's flagship U.S. commercial product is FIRDAPSE® (amifampridine) Tablets 10 mg, approved for the treatment of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome ("LEMS") in adults and pediatric patients 6 years of age and older. Further, Canada's national healthcare regulatory agency, Health Canada, has approved the use of FIRDAPSE for the treatment of adult patients in Canada with LEMS. Most recently, on May 30, 2024, the FDA approved an increased maximum daily dose of 100 mg for FIRDAPSE for adults and pediatric patients weighing more than 45 kg. In January 2023, Catalyst acquired the U.S. commercial rights to FYCOMPA® (perampanel) CIII, a prescription medicine approved in people with epilepsy aged four and older alone or with other medicines to treat partial-onset seizures with or without secondarily generalized seizures and with other medicines to treat primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures for people with epilepsy aged 12 and older. On July 18, 2023, Catalyst acquired an exclusive license for North America for AGAMREE® (vamorolone) oral suspension 40 mg/mL, a novel corticosteroid treatment for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. AGAMREE previously received FDA Orphan Drug and Fast Track designations and was approved by the FDA for commercialization in the U.S. on October 26, 2023. AGAMREE became commercially available by prescription in the U.S. on March 13, 2024. Further, in July 2024, Catalyst entered into an exclusive license, supply, and commercialization agreement for AGAMREE in Canada. For more information about Catalyst, please visit the Company's website at www.catalystpharma.com. For Full Prescribing and Safety Information for FIRDAPSE®, please visit www.firdapse.com. For Full Prescribing Information, including Boxed WARNING for FYCOMPA®, please visit www.fycompa.com. For Full Prescribing Information for AGAMREE®, please visit www.agamree.com. Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains forward-looking statements, as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, which may cause Catalyst's actual results in future periods to differ materially from forecasted results. A number of factors, including those factors described in Catalyst's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year 2023 and its other filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), could adversely affect Catalyst. Copies of Catalyst's filings with the SEC are available from the SEC, may be found on Catalyst's website, or may be obtained upon request from Catalyst. Catalyst does not undertake any obligation to update the information contained herein, which speaks only as of this date. Source: Catalyst Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

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