Granisetron

CARY, N.C., Jan. 09, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Heron Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: HRTX) (“Heron” or the “Company”), a commercial-stage biotechnology company, today announced preliminary, unaudited fourth quarter and full-year 2025 net revenue. “We are encouraged by the growth in Q4 2025, driven in particular by the momentum in our Acute Care franchise with ZYNRELEF® and APONVIE®,” said Craig Collard, Chief Executive Officer of Heron. “In addition to our revenue growth, we are extremely pleased with the continued progress made across all aspects of our business throughout the past year.” Preliminary Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Updates Net revenue of approximately $40.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2025. ZYNRELEF® net revenue of approximately $12.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2025. APONVIE® net revenue of approximately $3.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2025. CINVANTI® net revenue of approximately $22.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2025. SUSTOL® net revenue of approximately $1.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2025. Net revenue of approximately $154.9 million for full-year 2025. ZYNRELEF® delivered the largest quarter-over-quarter revenue increase within the portfolio in Q4 (up ~35% vs Q3 2025). ZYNRELEF® net revenue of approximately $12.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2025. APONVIE® net revenue of approximately $3.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2025. CINVANTI® net revenue of approximately $22.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2025. SUSTOL® net revenue of approximately $1.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2025. About ZYNRELEF® for Postoperative Pain ZYNRELEF is the first and only extended-release dual-acting local anesthetic that delivers a fixed-dose combination of the local anesthetic bupivacaine and a low dose of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam. ZYNRELEF is the first and only extended-release local anesthetic to demonstrate in Phase 3 studies significantly reduced pain and significantly increased proportion of patients requiring no opioids through the first 72 hours following surgery compared to bupivacaine solution, the current standard-of-care local anesthetic for postoperative pain control. ZYNRELEF was initially approved by the FDA in May 2021 for use in adults for soft tissue or periarticular instillation to produce postsurgical analgesia for up to 72 hours after bunionectomy, open inguinal herniorrhaphy and total knee arthroplasty. In December 2021, the FDA approved an expansion of ZYNRELEF's indication to include foot and ankle, small-to-medium open abdominal, and lower extremity total joint arthroplasty surgical procedures. On January 23, 2024, the FDA approved ZYNRELEF for soft tissue and orthopedic surgical procedures including foot and ankle, and other procedures in which direct exposure to articular cartilage is avoided. Safety and efficacy have not been established in highly vascular surgeries, such as intrathoracic, large multilevel spinal, and head and neck procedures. Please see full prescribing information, including Boxed Warning, at www.ZYNRELEF.com. About APONVIE® for Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (“PONV”) Prevention APONVIE is a substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) Receptor Antagonist (RA), indicated for the prevention of post operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in adults. Delivered via a 30-second IV push, APONVIE 32 mg was demonstrated to be bioequivalent to oral aprepitant 40 mg with rapid achievement of therapeutic drug levels. APONVIE is the same formulation as Heron's approved drug product CINVANTI. APONVIE is supplied in a single-dose vial that delivers the full 32 mg dose for the prevention of PONV. APONVIE was approved by the FDA in September 2022 and became commercially available in the U.S. on March 6, 2023. Please see full prescribing information at www.APONVIE.com. About CINVANTI® for Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV) Prevention CINVANTI, in combination with other antiemetic agents, is indicated in adults for the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy (HEC) including high-dose cisplatin as a single-dose regimen, delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of moderately emetogenic cancer chemotherapy (MEC) as a single-dose regimen, and nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of MEC as a 3-day regimen. CINVANTI is an IV formulation of aprepitant, an NK1 RA. CINVANTI is the first IV formulation to directly deliver aprepitant, the active ingredient in EMEND® capsules. Aprepitant (including its prodrug, fosaprepitant) is a single-agent NK1 RA to significantly reduce nausea and vomiting in both the acute phase (0–24 hours after chemotherapy) and the delayed phase (24–120 hours after chemotherapy). The FDA-approved dosing administration included in the U.S. prescribing information for CINVANTI include 100 mg or 130 mg administered as a 30-minute IV infusion or a 2-minute IV injection. Please see full prescribing information at www.CINVANTI.com. About SUSTOL® for CINV Prevention SUSTOL is indicated in combination with other antiemetics in adults for the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) or anthracycline and cyclophosphamide (AC) combination chemotherapy regimens. SUSTOL is an extended-release, injectable 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 RA that utilizes Heron's Biochronomer® drug delivery technology to maintain therapeutic levels of granisetron for ≥5 days. The SUSTOL global Phase 3 development program was comprised of two, large, guideline-based clinical studies that evaluated SUSTOL's efficacy and safety in more than 2,000 patients with cancer. SUSTOL's efficacy in preventing nausea and vomiting was evaluated in both the acute phase (0–24 hours after chemotherapy) and delayed phase (24–120 hours after chemotherapy). Please see full prescribing information at www.SUSTOL.com. About Heron Therapeutics, Inc. Heron Therapeutics, Inc. is a commercial-stage biotechnology company focused on improving the lives of patients by developing and commercializing therapeutic innovations that improve medical care. Our advanced science, patented technologies, and innovative approach to drug discovery and development have allowed us to create and commercialize a portfolio of products that aim to advance the standard-of-care for acute care and oncology patients. For more information, visit www.herontx.com. Forward-Looking Statements This news release contains "forward-looking statements" as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this news release other than statements of historical facts, including statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, business and commercialization strategy as well as plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. Heron cautions readers that forward-looking statements are based on management's expectations and assumptions as of the date of this news release and are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. Therefore, you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. The estimated preliminary financial results for the fourth quarter and fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 contained in this press release contain forward-looking statements that are based on information available to the Company as of the date of this release. The Company’s financial closing and review procedures for the fourth quarter and full year 2025 are not yet complete, and actual results may differ from these preliminary estimates as a result of final accounting adjustments, the completion of internal control processes, and other developments that may arise prior to the finalization of the Company’s financial statements. The preliminary financial results included in this release have not been audited or reviewed by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm and should not be considered a substitute for the Company’s full interim or annual financial statements. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed on this preliminary information. Forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding the estimated preliminary financial results referred to above, the potential market opportunities for ZYNRELEF®, APONVIE®, CINVANTI® and SUSTOL®; revenue, adjusted EBITDA and other financial guidance provided by the Company; interim financial data or prescription data, which may not necessarily be indicative of quarterly or annual results; the potential additional market opportunity for the expanded U.S. label for ZYNRELEF or inclusion of ZYNRELEF under the OPPS and the ASC payment system or launch of the ZYNRELEF VAN; our ability to establish and maintain successful commercial arrangements like our co-promotion agreement with Crosslink Network, LLC; the outcome of the Company's pending patent litigations, including potential appeals of any verdicts and the settlement described herein; whether the Company is required to write-off any additional inventory in the future; the expected future balances of Heron's cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments; the expected duration over which Heron's cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments balances will fund its operations and the risk that future equity financings may be needed; the terms and conditions, completion of the refinancing transactions, and the anticipated proceeds and use of proceeds of the refinancing transactions; any inability or delay in achieving profitability, including as a result of regulatory developments and policy changes in the U.S. and other jurisdictions. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements are set forth in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and any subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and in our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including under the caption "Risk Factors." Forward-looking statements reflect our analysis only on their stated date, and Heron takes no obligation to update or revise these statements except as may be required by law. Investor Relations and Media Contact: Ira Duarte Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer Heron Therapeutics, Inc. iduarte@herontx.com 858-251-4400

点击蓝字 关注我们 一 药新知 引言 化疗所致恶心呕吐是肿瘤治疗过程中最常见且令人畏惧的不良反应之一。长期以来，这一并发症严重影响患者的生活质量、治疗依从性及营养状态，甚至可能导致治疗中断或剂量调整，从而影响肿瘤治疗的最终疗效。随着对CINV病理生理机制认识的不断深入以及止吐药物研发的持续进步，CINV的防治策略已经从传统的对症处理，逐步演变为基于风险评估的精准预防模式。 从最初的单一药物控制到如今的联合方案强化预防，CINV管理经历了根本性的转变。传统三联方案以5-HT3受体拮抗剂、NK-1受体拮抗剂和糖皮质激素为核心，虽然在防治CINV方面取得了显著成效，但仍无法满足所有患者的需求。近年来，以四联方案为代表的强化预防策略逐渐成为主流，同时固定剂量复方制剂的出现极大提升了治疗的便捷性和患者的依从性。然而，在临床实践中，急性呕吐和延迟性呕吐的控制仍存在挑战，部分患者仍会经历爆发性呕吐，如何有效管理难治性病例依然是肿瘤支持治疗领域的重要课题。 当前，CINV防治正面临新的机遇与挑战。一方面，新型药物的研发和应用不断拓展治疗选择；另一方面，难治性病例的管理、个体化治疗策略的制定以及多学科协作模式的优化仍需进一步探索。本文旨在系统梳理CINV防治的新格局，深入探讨急性呕吐和延迟性呕吐的管理策略，分析当前面临的挑战，并展望未来的发展方向，为临床实践提供参考。 二 药新知 CINV病理生理机制的深入认识 化疗所致恶心呕吐的发生涉及复杂的神经生理机制。理解这些机制对于制定有效的防治策略至关重要。CINV根据发生时间可分为急性呕吐和延迟性呕吐，两者在发生机制、临床表现和防治策略上存在显著差异。 （一）急性呕吐：外周途径主导的快速反应 急性呕吐通常发生在化疗后24小时内，其发生机制主要与化疗药物直接刺激胃肠道黏膜有关。化疗药物可导致胃肠道嗜铬细胞释放大量5-羟色胺，5-羟色胺与迷走神经传入纤维上的5-HT3受体结合，通过迷走神经将信号传递至脑干呕吐中枢，最终引发呕吐反射。这一过程中，5-HT3受体扮演了关键角色，因此选择性5-HT3受体拮抗剂成为防治急性呕吐的重要药物。 （二）延迟性呕吐 延迟性呕吐则发生在化疗后24小时至数天内，其发生机制更为复杂。研究表明，化疗药物及其代谢产物可刺激胃肠道黏膜释放P物质，P物质与神经激肽-1受体结合，激活中枢神经系统内的呕吐通路。此外，化疗引起的组织损伤和炎症反应也可能通过释放细胞因子等炎症介质参与延迟性呕吐的发生。与急性呕吐相比，延迟性呕吐的恶心症状更为突出，且持续时间更长，严重影响患者的进食和日常生活。 （三）暴发性/难治性恶心呕吐： 暴发性：抗肿瘤药物（化疗药物）前预防性给予止吐药物，仍然发生恶心及呕吐和（或）需要给予解救性止吐治疗。可以发生在给予抗肿瘤药物后的任何时间段。难治性：以往的化疗周期中使用预防性和（或）解救性止吐治疗失败，而在接下来的化疗周期中仍然出现恶心呕吐。 （三）机制差异决定防治策略分化 在病理生理机制方面，急性呕吐和延迟性呕吐存在明显区别。急性呕吐主要通过外周途径介导，而延迟性呕吐则更多涉及中枢机制。这种差异决定了两种呕吐类型需要不同的防治策略：急性呕吐主要依赖5-HT3受体拮抗剂，而延迟性呕吐则需要NK-1受体拮抗剂和糖皮质激素的联合应用。理解这种机制差异有助于临床医生制定更为精准的个体化治疗方案。 （四）新靶点与药物差异 随着研究的深入，新的呕吐通路和神经递质系统不断被发现。例如，大麻素系统、多巴胺系统以及组胺系统都可能参与呕吐反射的调节。这些新发现为开发新型止吐药物提供了潜在靶点。同时，不同化疗药物的致吐潜能也存在差异，顺铂等高致吐药物主要通过多重机制引发呕吐，而低致吐药物则可能仅激活部分呕吐通路。这种差异性进一步强调了个体化治疗的重要性。 对CINV病理生理机制的深入理解不仅指导了止吐药物的研发，也为临床防治策略的制定提供了科学依据。从单靶点药物到多靶点联合方案，从单一治疗时机到全程管理，CINV防治策略的每一次进步都建立在对其发生机制的更深入认识之上。 三 药新知 当前防治策略的核心进展 随着对CINV发生机制的深入理解，其防治策略也经历了显著演进。当前，基于风险评估的个体化预防已成为CINV管理的核心理念，而联合用药方案的优化和新型药物的应用则推动了防治效果的持续提升。 （一）基石 风险评估与分层预防是现代CINV管理的基石。根据化疗方案的致吐风险，临床通常将化疗药物分为高、中、低和轻微四个风险等级。这种分级不仅基于药物本身的致吐潜能，还考虑了剂量、给药途径以及联合用药等因素。对于高致吐风险化疗，如含顺铂的方案，通常需要最强效的预防措施；而低致吐风险化疗则可采用较为简单的预防策略。此外，患者个体因素如年龄、性别、饮酒史、既往晕动病史以及既往化疗呕吐史等也会影响CINV的发生风险，这些因素在制定个体化预防方案时都需要充分考虑。 （二）药物演进 在药物选择方面，5-HT3受体拮抗剂作为防治急性呕吐的核心药物，已经发展至第二代。第一代药物如昂丹司琼、格拉司琼等虽然在控制急性呕吐方面效果显著，但对延迟性呕吐的预防作用有限。第二代药物帕洛诺司琼则通过结构优化，显著延长了半衰期，增强了对5-HT3受体的亲和力，单次给药即可提供持续多日的保护，特别适用于延迟性呕吐的预防。这些药物通过高选择性阻断5-HT3受体，有效抑制了急性呕吐的发生。 NK-1受体拮抗剂的问世为延迟性呕吐的防治带来了革命性突破。这类药物通过阻断P物质与NK-1受体的结合，有效抑制了延迟性呕吐的发生。与5-HT3受体拮抗剂主要作用于外周不同，NK-1受体拮抗剂主要作用于中枢神经系统，这解释了两类药物在作用机制上的互补性。临床上，NK-1受体拮抗剂常与5-HT3受体拮抗剂和地塞米松联合使用，形成标准的三联预防方案，显著提高了对延迟性呕吐的控制效果。 近年来，固定剂量复方制剂的发展为CINV预防提供了新的选择。以奈妥匹坦-帕洛诺司琼为代表的复方制剂，全球首个且唯一同时阻断NK1受体和5-HT3受体的双通道固定剂量组合口服复方胶囊，强强联合，一步到位[1]。这种设计的优势在于：可同时管理急性、延迟性CINV的药物，能轻松实现5天CINV保护。可起始即规范、全程强效预防CINV。 （三）方案强化 在给药方案方面，四联预防方案逐渐成为高致吐风险化疗的新标准。在传统三联方案（5-HT3受体拮抗剂、NK-1受体拮抗剂、地塞米松）的基础上加入奥氮平，可进一步强化止吐效果，特别是对于难治性恶心症状。奥氮平作为一种多靶点药物，通过阻断多种神经递质受体产生协同止吐作用。临床研究表明，四联方案在控制急性和延迟性呕吐方面均优于传统三联方案，特别适用于具有高危因素的患者。 （四）暴发性/难治性恶心呕吐的管理 暴发性/难治性恶心呕吐是恶心呕吐处理中最为棘手的一种，相关分子机制仍不十分清楚，其治疗原则通常遵循以下几点[2]：（1）根据计划按时给药，而非按需给药。（2）对给予标准止吐方案后仍发生爆发性恶心呕吐的患者，推荐额外增加一种不同机制的药物。如预防止吐方案中未使用奥氮平，优先推荐奥氮平进行解救性止吐治疗；如已使用过奥氮平，推荐甲氧氯普胺、氟哌啶醇、山莨菪碱透皮贴剂、糖皮质激素或劳拉西泮治疗。（3）由于持续呕吐，推荐采用静脉、皮下、直肠或贴剂给药途径。（4）可能需要多种药物交替使用，如多巴胺拮抗剂、糖皮质激素和劳拉西泮等。（5）适当补充水分及电解质，注意维持水电解质平衡。 （五）复杂场景：多日化疗 在多日化疗方案的CINV管理方面，其防治策略相较于单日化疗更为复杂，需要精细化、动态化的管理方案。 多日化疗是指化疗方案持续数天（常见为3-5天）的治疗模式，其持续时间取决于化疗方案设计，通常每3-4周重复一个周期[3]。接受多日治疗的患者，自治疗后第2日起，每日均面临急性和延迟性恶心呕吐的双重风险，且致吐风险会因当日使用的药物种类和顺序不同而动态变化。 延迟性恶心呕吐的风险尤其取决于该多日化疗方案中最后一种使用药物的致吐风险。因此，难以对每日的止吐方案做出统一的特定推荐，必须依据患者的具体化疗方案、个体耐受性及风险因素来制定个性化的预防策略。 在多日化疗的止吐药物应用策略上，需根据药物特性进行精细安排： 1.5-HT3受体拮抗剂（昂丹司琼，格拉司琼）：应在抗肿瘤治疗首日给药前使用。其重复给药的频率取决于选择的药物及给药方式（静脉/口服/透皮贴剂）。短效5-HT3受体拮抗剂可每日给药1次。对于为期3天的治疗方案，单次帕洛诺司琼已能满足止吐需要；对于3天以上的治疗方案，目前尚缺乏足够证据对帕洛诺司琼的给药频次（每日1次或隔日1次）做出优先推荐。 值得注意的是，就目前的临床数据来看，重复静脉注射帕洛诺司琼0.25mg并不会增加不良反应。此外，格拉司琼透皮贴剂因其作用时间持久、血药浓度波动小、安全性较高，也作为预防多日治疗所致恶心呕吐的5-HT3受体拮抗剂选择之一。 2. NK-1受体拮抗剂（阿瑞匹坦，福沙匹坦，奈妥匹坦-帕洛诺司琼）：一项针对睾丸癌患者接受5 d顺铂为基础化疗的Ⅲ期随机临床试验证实：阿瑞匹坦+5-HT3受体拮抗剂+地塞米松三药方案较不含阿瑞匹坦的双药方案显著降低了全程的呕吐发生率，研究显示阿瑞匹坦给药时长可自首日治疗之前至治疗结束后2d，最长不超过7d[4]。 奈妥匹坦帕洛诺司琼胶囊是新型长效NK1受体拮抗剂奈妥匹坦和唯一第二代5HT3受体拮抗剂帕洛诺司琼的双通道复方制剂，是目前全球唯一被证实具有协同增效作用的止吐药物组合，半衰期长达96h，对于CINV全程无挽救治疗率高达96.6%，对于延迟性CINV无挽救治疗率高达97.6%，每日无显著恶心率达86%以上，第3-5天每日无爆发性CINV的发生率更低，显著优于阿瑞匹坦+格拉司琼组[5]。 有研究显示，接受5d顺铂化疗的患者，在第1天使用帕洛诺司琼，1-7天使用阿瑞匹坦+DXM预防止吐，CR(0~240h无呕吐且无拯救性治疗)率为62.5%。一项多中心IIa期临床研究纳入自体造血干细胞移植前接受多日、高剂量化疗的非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者，在第1、3、5天服用奈妥匹坦帕洛诺司琼胶囊预防恶心呕吐，全程未使用DXM预防恶心呕吐，研究观察持续到化疗后第15天，全程(第1~8天)的CR率为87.1%，完全控制率为85.7%[6]。近期一项奥氮平四联方案用于多日化疗止吐的随机对照临床研究结果显示，在三联的基础上增加5mg奥氮平可以显著提高患者的CR率(69%vs 58%，P=0.031)。在几乎所有亚组中，奥氮平组相较于安慰剂组均观察到CR获益。因此建议4~5d顺铂化疗的患者在5-HT,+NK-1RA+DXM的基础上增加奥氮平，使用四联方案进行预防性止吐。 2.地塞米松：应于治疗的每日早晨给药1次。对于有延迟性恶心呕吐高发风险的方案，地塞米松应持续给药至治疗结束后的2~3天。 而对于接受中致吐风险方案或不含顺铂的高致吐风险方案的患者，如未合并高危因素或无法耐受糖皮质激素，可仅在第1天使用地塞米松。 （六）关注特殊人群 特殊人群的CINV预防也需要特别关注。老年患者由于药物代谢和排泄能力下降，可能需要调整药物剂量；肝功能不全患者在使用某些止吐药物时需要谨慎；而对于儿童患者，则需要选择适合年龄的剂型和剂量。这些特殊情况下的个体化调整体现了现代CINV管理的精细化趋势。 当前CINV防治策略的进展不仅体现在新药物的应用，更体现在整体管理理念的转变。从被动治疗到主动预防，从单一药物到联合方案，从医院管理到全程照护，CINV防治正朝着更加系统化、个体化的方向发展。 四 药新知 未来发展方向与挑战 尽管当前CINV防治已取得显著进步，但仍面临诸多挑战。未来，需要在多个方面持续探索和创新，以进一步提升防治效果，改善患者生活质量。 （一）药物研发新前沿 新型作用靶点的探索是未来药物研发的重要方向。尽管现有的5-HT3受体拮抗剂和NK-1受体拮抗剂在CINV防治中发挥了关键作用，但仍有部分患者对这些药物反应不佳。因此，寻找新的作用靶点至关重要。近年来，一些新的潜在靶点逐渐受到关注。大麻素系统调节剂通过作用于内源性大麻素系统，可能对难治性恶心提供新的治疗选择。组胺H1受体拮抗剂虽然在传统止吐药物中占有一席之地，但其新型选择性调节剂的开发可能提供更好的疗效和安全性。此外，一些神经肽如胃泌素释放肽也被发现与呕吐反射有关，其受体拮抗剂可能成为未来的研究方向。这些新靶点的探索不仅可能带来新的药物选择，也有助于更全面地理解呕吐的神经生理机制。 （二）治疗策略新维度 个体化治疗策略的发展是提高CINV防治效果的关键。目前，CINV预防主要基于化疗方案的风险分级，较少考虑患者的个体差异。未来的个体化治疗需要整合多维度信息，包括遗传药理学特征、生理病理状态以及社会心理因素等。在遗传药理学方面，药物代谢酶基因多态性可能影响止吐药物的疗效和安全性。例如，CYP450酶系的基因变异可能影响某些止吐药物的代谢速率，导致个体间疗效差异。通过基因检测指导药物选择和剂量调整，可能实现更精准的治疗。在生物标志物研究方面，寻找能够预测CINV发生风险或治疗反应的生物标志物，将有助于早期识别高危患者并采取强化预防措施。炎症标志物、神经内分泌指标以及影像学特征等都可能是潜在的生物标志物。 五 药新知 结语 化疗所致恶心呕吐的防治已经取得了长足进步，从传统三联方案到强化四联策略，从单一治疗到全程管理，从经验用药到循证实践，每一步进展都体现了对CINV机制的深入理解和临床需求的积极回应。奈妥匹坦帕洛诺司琼等固定剂量复方制剂的出现，代表了治疗便捷性的新高度；而对爆发性呕吐的系统化管理，则体现了临床应对策略的成熟。 当前，我们正站在CINV防治的新起点上。急性呕吐和延迟性呕吐的控制虽已显著改善，但难治性病例的管理、个体化治疗的实现以及患者生活质量的全面提升仍是未来努力的方向。新型作用靶点的探索、个体化治疗策略的发展、数字健康技术的应用以及多学科协作模式的优化，将共同推动CINV防治进入新的发展阶段。 展望未来，CINV防治将更加精准、更加人性化、更加整合。通过持续的研究创新和临床实践优化，我们有望实现“零呕吐、零恶心”的理想目标，让每一位接受化疗的患者都能在抗击疾病的同时，保持良好的生活质量。这不仅是医疗技术的进步，更是医学人文关怀的体现。在这个过程中，医护人员、研究人员、患者及其家属的共同努力将发挥不可替代的作用。 本文相关内容不可替代专业医疗建议、诊断或治疗。仅用于大众获取疾病和健康方面的知识科普，不能用于自我诊断病情，所有内容仅供参考，具体诊疗及用药请到医院咨询医生。 参考文献： [1].中国临床肿瘤学会（CSCO）抗肿瘤治疗相关恶心呕吐预防及治疗指南（2019). 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