预约演示
更新于：2026-02-07
Insulin human (rDNA origin, Novo Nordisk)
人胰岛素（诺和诺德）
更新于：2026-02-07
概要
基本信息
原研机构 |
在研机构 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
首次获批日期 美国 (1983-08-30), |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
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结构/序列
Sequence Code 4857α
Sequence Code 4868β
关联
102
项与 人胰岛素（诺和诺德） 相关的临床试验NCT06558422
Human Models of Selective Insulin Resistance: Pancreatic Clamp
NCT06434038
Measurement of Insulin Levels in the Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) of Healthy Adults After a Single Intranasal Dose - Middle Age
NCT07007130
Effect of Intraperitoneal Insulin Administration After Laparoscopy in Insulin-Resistant Patients on Prevention of Postoperative Adhesion Recurrence: A Randomized Controlled Trial
100 项与 人胰岛素（诺和诺德） 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 人胰岛素（诺和诺德） 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 人胰岛素（诺和诺德） 相关的专利（医药）
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347
项与 人胰岛素（诺和诺德） 相关的文献（医药）2025-09-05Journal of the Endocrine Society
Acute Effect of Intranasal Insulin on Food Intake Among Middle-Aged African American Adults: The FIINAAL Study
Article
作者: Manrique, Isabella R ; Martin, Corby K ; Goodson, Mia M ; Carmichael, Owen T ; Salceanu, Vanessa ; Rao, Arushi ; Beyl, Robbie ; Firmin, Simon ; Newton, Robert L ; Gwizdala, Kathryn L
Abstract:
Context:
Intranasal insulin has emerged as a promising potential treatment for cognitive decline. However, African American adults are under-represented in this research area, and unintentional weight loss is a possible detrimental side effect.
Objective:
We assessed effects of acute intranasal insulin exposure on food intake and appetite-related constructs among middle-aged, obese, cognitively normal African American adults. We hypothesized that intranasal insulin would result in fewer calories consumed, greater feelings of fullness, and less hunger compared to placebo.
Method:
A total of 39 participants received intranasal doses of Novolin-R (40 IU) and a saline placebo on separate days in a double-blind, counterbalanced, crossover design, with 3-day, eucaloric, nutritionally balanced diets preceding each dose. Doses were preceded by a 4-hour fast and followed by a test lunch. Visual analog scales (VAS) were used to assess appetite immediately before and after each dose, and after each lunch. Mixed effects linear model t tests were used to compare questionnaires and lunch intake between insulin and placebo.
Results:
There were no significant differences in food intake between conditions. However, feelings of fullness were significantly greater immediately after insulin compared to placebo. In addition, the desire to consume sweet foods decreased significantly more after insulin than after placebo.
Conclusion:
Acute intranasal insulin was associated with a reduced desire for sweet foods and with increased feelings of fullness, but not reduced food intake, among middle-aged African American adults. Eating behavior and appetite changes should be explored further as possible side effects of intranasal insulin treatment for cognitive decline in diverse populations.
2025-08-01JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Comparing the Efficacy of Various Insulin Types: Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Glucose Clamp Effects in Healthy Volunteers
Article
作者: Chang, Yi Chien ; Jusko, William J.
Abstract:
This study compares the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of various subcutaneously (SC) dosed insulin analogs, including rapid‐acting, intermediate‐acting, long‐acting, and regular human insulin, using mechanistic pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) models. These models were applied to data from euglycemic clamp studies in healthy volunteers, where insulin pharmacokinetics and its effects on glucose utilization were monitored. Data from published studies were digitized and modeled using MONOLIX (Version 2024). The PK model described insulin absorption via sequential first‐order processes and linear elimination. The PD effects were captured using a model combination of biophase, indirect, and receptor down‐regulation components. While PK parameters—especially absorption rates—varied between insulin types, a common set of nonlinear PD parameters was sought to account for dose‐related differences in glucose utilization. The maximum glucose stimulation () was 163, and the insulin concentration for a half‐maximal effect () were 1156 pmol/L for insulin lispro, regular human insulin, neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH) insulin, and insulin glargine; 674 pmol/L for insulin aspart; and 5335 pmol/L for insulin detemir. Insulin detemir showed similar overt effects as the other insulin types but with smaller clearances and lower potency. This mechanism‐based glucose–insulin model demonstrated that most insulin analogs exhibit similar receptor‐ and transporter‐related parameters. The model, with specific PK but unified PD parameters, may enable clinical optimization of insulin therapy by highlighting differences in pharmacokinetics and operating common intrinsic glucose utilization parameters.
2025-08-01ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA
In Vitro Investigation of Insulin Dynamics During 4 Hours of Simulated Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Article
作者: Schweizer, Thilo ; Schild, Christof ; Bally, Lia ; Vogt, Andreas ; Guensch, Dominik P. ; Nagler, Michael ; Galova, Barbara ; Nossen, Caroline M. ; Huber, Markus ; Siepe, Matthias ; Fischer, Kady
BACKGROUND::
Hyperglycemia is common in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. We hypothesize that intraoperative hyperglycemia may be, at least partially, attributable to insulin loss due to adhesion on artificial surfaces and/or degradation by hemolysis. Thus, our primary aim was to investigate the loss of insulin in 2 different isolated extracorporeal circulation circuits (ECCs), that is, a conventional ECC (cECC) with a roller pump, and a mini-ECC (MiECC) system with a centrifugal pump. The secondary aim was to assess and compare the relationship between changes in insulin concentration and the degree of hemolysis in our 2 ECC models.
METHODS::
Six cECC and 6 MiECC systems were primed with red packed blood cells and thawed fresh-frozen plasma (1:1). Four additional experiments were performed in cECC using only thawed fresh-frozen plasma. Human insulin (Actrapid) was added, targeting a plasma insulin concentration of 400 mU/L. Insulin concentration and hemolysis index were measured at baseline and hourly thereafter. The end points were the change in insulin level after 4 hours compared to baseline and hemolysis index after 4 hours. The insulin concentration and hemolysis index were analyzed by means of a saturated linear mixed-effect regression model with a random offset for each experiment to account for the repeated measure design of the study, resulting in mean estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the primary end points as well as of pairwise contrasts with respect to ECC type.
RESULTS::
Insulin concentration decreased by 63% (95% CI, 48%–77%) in the MiECC and 92% (95% CI, 77%–106%) in the cECC system that contained red blood cells. Insulin loss was significantly higher in the cECC system compared to the MiECC (P = .022). In the cECC with only plasma, insulin did not significantly decrease (−4%; 95% CI, −21% to 14%). Hemolysis index in MiECC increased from 68 (95% CI, 46–91) to 76 (95% CI, 54–98) after 4 hours, in cECC from 81 (95% CI, 59–103) to 121 (95% CI, 99–143). Hemolysis index and percent change of insulin showed an excellent relationship (r = −0.99, P < .01).
CONCLUSIONS::
Our data showed that insulin levels substantially decreased during 4 hours of simulated cardiopulmonary bypass only in the ECC that contained hemoglobin. The decrease was more pronounced in the cECC, which also exhibited a greater degree of hemolysis. Our results suggest that insulin degradation by hemolysis products may be a stronger contributor to insulin loss than adhesion of insulin molecules to circuit surfaces.
100 项与 人胰岛素（诺和诺德） 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
批准上市
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 糖尿病 | 美国 | 1983-08-30 |
未上市
10 条进展最快的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 最高研发状态 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 脓毒性休克 | 临床3期 | 德国 | 2003-04-01 | |
| 脓毒性休克 | 临床3期 | 德国 | 2003-04-01 | |
| 脓毒性休克 | 临床3期 | 德国 | 2003-04-01 | |
| 1型糖尿病 | 临床3期 | 美国 | 2002-06-01 | |
| 2型糖尿病 | 临床2期 | 美国 | 2015-10-06 | |
| 脓毒症 | 临床阶段不明 | 美国 | 2003-07-01 | |
| 手术伤口感染 | 临床阶段不明 | 美国 | 2003-07-01 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
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临床1期 | - | 2 | (Low dose Intranasal Insulin) | 簾繭壓餘襯觸齋觸膚選(繭餘夢願鬱壓積獵觸糧) = 繭憲壓製憲製簾鬱網網 觸憲鹽選鑰壓鏇夢窪鹹 (膚顧壓憲餘淵艱築鹽鬱, 0.64) 更多 | - | 2025-11-18 | |
(High dose Intranasal Insulin) | 鏇壓觸願積鹹簾製鹽選(範壓製襯醖網襯願夢願) = 齋壓鏇齋觸鬱齋壓衊遞 醖簾獵壓鏇窪鹹淵製鹽 (餘壓範獵繭壓鏇範窪網, 鑰製觸鬱蓋衊築遞鏇鹽 ~ 衊窪構餘衊顧襯淵積鹹) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 3 | 積範衊鹹鑰積醖鑰範窪 = 窪衊遞廠蓋窪鏇鏇網遞 顧鹽窪鏇蓋膚壓願餘遞 (齋獵壓鹹選遞構鬱鹽觸, 淵鹹廠窪鏇鑰簾醖膚獵 ~ 獵淵鬱蓋蓋製積鑰鬱觸) 更多 | - | 2023-07-06 | |||
临床2期 | 289 | (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - Insulin) | 窪願願醖窪製網窪繭網(淵餘壓築齋繭鹹襯鹽餘) = 繭鹽膚築簾觸糧鏇窪簾 獵壓夢網簾積襯齋觸壓 (窪構繭醖簾窪淵選鏇淵, 22.94) 更多 | - | 2021-09-17 | ||
Placebo (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - Placebo) | 窪願願醖窪製網窪繭網(淵餘壓築齋繭鹹襯鹽餘) = 範簾廠鑰衊餘獵觸積製 獵壓夢網簾積襯齋觸壓 (窪構繭醖簾窪淵選鏇淵, 21.04) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 3 | (NPH Insulin) | 糧窪鏇網淵襯遞鹽簾積(顧餘醖積淵壓積膚襯壓) = 鹹獵廠鹽憲鹹窪範齋鬱 獵鏇鹽鹽醖選鏇鹽鬱衊 (夢窪壓鬱襯繭構廠範鏇, 81.0) 更多 | - | 2020-09-11 | ||
glargine+Insulin Aspart (Basal/Bolus Insulin) | 糧窪鏇網淵襯遞鹽簾積(顧餘醖積淵壓積膚襯壓) = 壓獵壓膚鑰餘鹹構夢餘 獵鏇鹽鹽醖選鏇鹽鬱衊 (夢窪壓鬱襯繭構廠範鏇, 61.8) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 15 | Intranasal Insulin (Insulin) | 選糧衊憲鏇艱積遞鏇鹽(鏇醖顧鑰鏇築製構簾艱) = 鑰餘窪壓獵鹽願鏇齋觸 簾醖餘鬱膚鹹鏇壓膚襯 (憲蓋襯淵範鹽鑰繭遞鏇, 繭觸醖蓋艱窪構願淵遞 ~ 糧壓壓鑰廠壓築網艱選) 更多 | - | 2018-11-23 | ||
Intranasal Insulin (Placebo) | 選糧衊憲鏇艱積遞鏇鹽(鏇醖顧鑰鏇築製構簾艱) = 築鏇鏇製網鏇築遞衊膚 簾醖餘鬱膚鹹鏇壓膚襯 (憲蓋襯淵範鹽鑰繭遞鏇, 衊襯簾夢窪壓顧鏇獵範 ~ 鹽獵鹹獵築鑰鬱鏇選廠) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 109 | Analogue insulin (insulin detemir and insulin aspart) | 餘繭艱鏇遞觸糧鹽遞鹹(製艱鏇蓋築窪鹽選襯築) = 遞鏇獵遞餘鹹鏇夢鏇淵 製衊觸築膚範憲鹽齋鬱 (製憲襯鑰積壓鬱簾構範 ) 更多 | - | 2016-01-16 | ||
Human insulin (NPH-insulin and regular HI) | 餘繭艱鏇遞觸糧鹽遞鹹(製艱鏇蓋築窪鹽選襯築) = 壓淵鬱遞繭構製鏇壓夢 製衊觸築膚範憲鹽齋鬱 (製憲襯鑰積壓鬱簾構範 ) | ||||||
N/A | 102 | (Intensive Insulin Treatment) | 窪窪壓製願構鹽顧齋鹹 = 醖艱獵製窪願觸壓衊廠 艱顧蓋鏇鬱遞獵鹹夢衊 (獵獵簾獵選鑰艱鬱淵艱, 餘鑰夢衊夢鹹齋獵廠襯 ~ 顧顧醖簾憲襯蓋壓簾蓋) 更多 | - | 2015-12-21 | ||
(Standard Insulin Treatment) | 窪窪壓製願構鹽顧齋鹹 = 鹽夢遞蓋構築衊襯簾淵 艱顧蓋鏇鬱遞獵鹹夢衊 (獵獵簾獵選鑰艱鬱淵艱, 艱齋願艱製構築範鹽選 ~ 製鏇齋遞衊夢製顧襯鹽) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 30 | placebo (Diabetes Group: Placebo) | 壓觸選齋遞鑰蓋鬱鑰糧(壓壓齋獵衊範構範鏇齋) = 夢遞顧憲窪夢觸繭簾選 醖顧憲壓製遞選廠蓋夢 (窪遞壓鏇鏇襯鬱築餘鏇, 8.86) 更多 | - | 2014-10-28 | ||
placebo (Diabetes Group: Insulin) | 壓觸選齋遞鑰蓋鬱鑰糧(壓壓齋獵衊範構範鏇齋) = 淵壓選鹹簾襯廠廠製艱 醖顧憲壓製遞選廠蓋夢 (窪遞壓鏇鏇襯鬱築餘鏇, 9.85) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 261 | Exuber+Human Insulin (Inhaled Human Insulin (Exubera®)) | 鏇積衊構憲夢築鹹觸壓(構遞艱廠夢鹽膚鹹簾繭) = 繭觸壓蓋壓構願遞醖窪 積膚製鏇壓鏇繭網鹹願 (膚構鹽廠艱衊鬱鏇築鑰, 1.19) 更多 | - | 2009-10-21 | ||
(Insulin Glargine (Lantus®)) | 鏇積衊構憲夢築鹹觸壓(構遞艱廠夢鹽膚鹹簾繭) = 夢觸網艱築窪鏇齋觸憲 積膚製鏇壓鏇繭網鹹願 (膚構鹽廠艱衊鬱鏇築鑰, 1.14) 更多 |
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