更新于：2024-11-18
Amoxicillin Trihydrate
阿莫西林
更新于：2024-11-18
概要
基本信息
简介阿莫西林三水合物是一种小分子药物，属于细胞壁抑制剂类，用作抗生素治疗细菌感染，如支气管炎、肺炎、尿路感染和链球菌性咽喉炎。阿莫西林通过阻止细菌细胞壁的形成来抑制细菌的生长。该药物有多种形式，包括片剂、胶囊和口服混悬液，自 1974 年获得 FDA 批准以来一直以不同的品牌销售。虽然通常是安全的，但有些人可能会出现腹泻、恶心和皮肤病等副作用皮疹。对青霉素过敏的人也可能对阿莫西林产生过敏反应。与任何药物一样，患者应遵循规定的剂量，如果症状持续或恶化，请咨询他们的医疗保健提供者。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 (2S,5R,6R)-6-{[(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]amino}-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid、6-(p-hydroxy-α-aminophenylacetamido)penicillanic acid、AmoxiciIIin + [52] |
靶点 |
作用机制 PBPs抑制剂(细菌青霉素结合蛋白家族抑制剂) |
非在研适应症 |
原研机构 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
首次获批日期 美国 (1974-01-18), |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
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结构
分子式C16H25N3O8S |
InChIKeyMQXQVCLAUDMCEF-CWLIKTDRSA-N |
CAS号61336-70-7 |
关联
475
项与 阿莫西林 相关的临床试验Platform for Adaptive Trials in Perinatal Units (Core Protocol)
Oral Amoxicillin Challenge in the Primary Care Setting
Efficacy of Oral Amoxicillin in Comparison to Intravenous Ceftriaxone in Treatment of Uncomplicated Community Acquired Pneumonia (Cap) Among Children of Age 2-5 Years of Age
100 项与 阿莫西林 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 阿莫西林 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 阿莫西林 相关的专利（医药）
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21,189
项与 阿莫西林 相关的文献（医药）2025-02-01Current pediatric reviews
Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcal Pharyngitis: An Updated Review
Review
作者: Leong, Kin F. ; Barankin, Benjamin ; Leung, Alexander K.C. ; Lam, Joseph M. ; Hon, Kam L.
Background::
Group A ß-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) is the leading bacterial cause of acute pharyngitis in children and adolescents worldwide.
Objective::
This article aims to familiarize clinicians with the clinical manifestations, evaluation, diagnosis, and management of GABHS pharyngitis.
Methods::
A search was conducted in December 2022 in PubMed Clinical Queries using the key term “group A β-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis”. This review covers mainly literature published in the previous ten years.
Results::
Children with GABHS pharyngitis typically present with an abrupt onset of fever, intense pain in the throat, pain on swallowing, an inflamed pharynx, enlarged and erythematous tonsils, a red and swollen uvula, enlarged tender anterior cervical lymph nodes. As clinical manifestations may not be specific, even experienced clinicians may have difficulties diagnosing GABHS pharyngitis solely based on epidemiologic or clinical grounds alone. Patients suspected of having GABHS pharyngitis should be confirmed by microbiologic testing (e.g., culture, rapid antigen detection test, molecular point-of-care test) of a throat swab specimen prior to the initiation of antimicrobial therapy. Microbiologic testing is generally unnecessary in patients with pharyngitis whose clinical and epidemiologic findings do not suggest GABHS. Clinical score systems such as the Centor score and McIssac score have been developed to help clinicians decide which patients should undergo diagnostic testing and reduce the unnecessary use of antimicrobials. Antimicrobial therapy should be initiated without delay once the diagnosis is confirmed. Oral penicillin V and amoxicillin remain the drugs of choice. For patients who have a non-anaphylactic allergy to penicillin, oral cephalosporin is an acceptable alternative. For patients with a history of immediate, anaphylactic-type hypersensitivity to penicillin, oral clindamycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin are acceptable alternatives.
Conclusion::
Early diagnosis and antimicrobial treatment are recommended to prevent suppurative complications (e.g., cervical lymphadenitis, peritonsillar abscess) and non-suppurative complications (particularly rheumatic fever) as well as to reduce the severity of symptoms, to shorten the du-ration of the illness and to reduce disease transmission.
2025-01-01INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant enterobacteriaceae in domestic wastewater and associated health risks in reuse practices
Article
作者: Abagale, Felix K. ; Cangola, Jenita ; Cobbina, Samuel J ; Cobbina, Samuel J. ; Osei, Richard A ; Abagale, Felix K ; Osei, Richard A.
The use of wastewater for non-potable purposes is an important alternative for addressing water scarcity, especially in developing regions. However, minimizing the risks, particularly those associated with emerging contaminants that may induce resistance among pathogens in wastewater, is crucial. This study assessed the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in untreated wastewater used for agricultural purposes and evaluated the quantifiable health risks associated with this practice in Tamale, Ghana. The resistance of some Enterobacteriaceae, such as E. coli, Klebsiella, and Salmonella-Shigella, to four commonly used antibiotics in Ghana was assessed using a conventional microbiological culture approach and the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) was performed to estimate the health risks associated with two distinct scenarios of wastewater reuse: (1) accidental ingestion of contaminated wastewater and soil, and (2) consumption of vegetables irrigated with wastewater. This approach applied a Monte Carlo simulation based on 10,000 interactions and identified E. coli O157:H7 as the reference pathogen. Among Enterobacteriaceae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella-Shigella and E. coli were isolated, in concentrations exceeding the limit recommended by the World Health Organization (103 CFU/100 ml). All the isolated bacteria were resistant to metronidazole (5 μg). Thirty-three per cent of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were intermediate/moderately susceptible, and all other bacteria were resistant to amoxicillin (30 μg). All Klebsiella pneumoniae and the majority of Salmonella-Shigella (69.8 %) isolates were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (25 μg) and tetracycline (30 μg). When assessing health risks, the mean annual probability of infection associated with consuming vegetables irrigated with wastewater varied between 5.14 × 10-2 and 9.79 × 10-1 per person per year. Conversely, for the accidental ingestion scenario, the probability was 1.00 per person per year. In these scenarios, the probability of illness ranged from 1.29 × 10-2 to 2.4 × 10-1 and 2.5 × 10-1 per person per year. The health risks posed by these findings surpass the maximum threshold prescribed by the World Health Organization, thereby emphasizing the need for prompt mitigation strategies.
2025-01-01DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
Ceftriaxone versus cefepime or carbapenems for definitive treatment of low-risk AmpC-Harboring Enterobacterales bloodstream infections in hospitalized adults: A retrospective cohort study
Article
作者: Mulbah, Jessica L. ; Veve, Michael P. ; Kenney, Rachel M ; Shallal, Anita B. ; Veve, Michael P ; Tibbetts, Robert J ; Shallal, Anita B ; Mulbah, Jessica L ; Tibbetts, Robert J. ; Kenney, Rachel M.
OBJECTIVE:
To compare outcomes of ceftriaxone to AmpC-stable therapies in patients with bacteremia caused by low-risk AmpC harboring Enterobacterales.
METHODS:
IRB-approved, retrospective cohort of hospitalized patients ≥18 years old with Serratia marcescens, Morganella morganii, or Providencia spp. bacteremia from 1/1/2017-2/28/2024. Patients were compared by definitive therapy with ceftriaxone vs AmpC-stable therapy (cefepime, carbapenem). The primary endpoint was 30-day all-cause mortality; secondary endpoints were clinical failure and development of ceftriaxone resistance.
RESULTS:
163 patients were included; 33.1 % received ceftriaxone, 66.9 % AmpC-stable therapies. 30-day all-cause mortality was 9.3 % ceftriaxone vs 10.1 % AmpC stable patients (P = 0.87); ceftriaxone definitive therapy was not associated with 30-day all-cause mortality (adjOR, 0.79; 95 %CI, 0.23-2.3). There were no differences in clinical failure (9.3 % vs 21.1 %, P = 0.059) or relapsing infection (5.6 % vs 9.3 %, P = 0.55) between ceftriaxone and AmpC-stable treated patients.
CONCLUSIONS:
Patients treated with definitive ceftriaxone for low-risk AmpC Enterobacterales bacteremia had similar outcomes to AmpC stable therapies.
100 项与 阿莫西林 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 细菌性心内膜炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2008-05-22 | |
| 泌尿系统感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2008-05-22 | |
| 淋病 | 澳大利亚 | 2008-05-22 | |
| 呼吸道感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2008-05-22 | |
| 皮肤和皮肤结构感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2008-05-22 | |
| 细菌感染 | 美国 | 1980-10-21 | |
| 感染 | 日本 | 1974-09-06 | |
| 感染 | 日本 | 1974-09-06 | |
| 扁桃体炎 | 美国 | 1974-01-18 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
查看全部结果
N/A | 感染 一线 | 439 | EA (esomeprazole-amoxicillin) | 獵構積窪艱鬱鹹積醖顧(壓淵築構願網鏇顧糧艱) = 構選積鹽鏇夢艱鹹鏇鬱 蓋壓糧窪選壓鬱憲選鑰 (選遞繭築選衊築襯鬱窪 ) | 积极 | 2024-10-13 | |
獵構積窪艱鬱鹹積醖顧(壓淵築構願網鏇顧糧艱) = 艱衊醖構餘餘醖壓壓遞 蓋壓糧窪選壓鬱憲選鑰 (選遞繭築選衊築襯鬱窪 ) | |||||||
N/A | - | 鑰繭範壓鹽齋糧膚鬱範(觸鑰鬱築艱艱艱願醖蓋) = This clinical case suggests a potential episode of secondary uveal effusion with amoxicillin as the most probable etiology, based on the temporal sequence of events. However, the possibility of an infectious or inflammatory contribution due to the patient's current pneumonia or previous flu-like symptoms cannot be ruled out. Moreover, the temporal coincidence between the onset of ophthalmological symptoms two days after the initiation of amoxicillin administration, as well as the observation of clinical improvement two days after discontinuing the medication, significantly suggests the possible involvement of amoxicillin in the development of the uveal effusion. 網醖憲願蓋鑰齋觸鏇鹽 (範壓鏇選齋鹽製窪襯鏇 ) | - | 2024-09-19 | |||
临床4期 | 23 | 廠衊憲窪窪衊遞遞網憲(遞鏇觸鏇壓鹹淵築築鏇) = 窪蓋廠獵糧製築鬱獵艱 糧遞選顧顧網遞製範鹽 (窪窪獵齋窪艱衊積鏇鏇, 範衊網築膚遞蓋壓鬱築 ~ 淵窪築廠膚觸積廠遞窪) 更多 | - | 2024-08-14 | |||
临床4期 | 327 | 廠鹽製窪醖遞製製壓糧(蓋壓壓蓋構鑰簾繭構網) = 鑰繭鬱壓構鬱艱鹹製憲 繭艱構範繭鹽衊醖製衊 (遞壓觸鬱顧積夢艱構觸 ) | 积极 | 2024-07-01 | |||
廠鹽製窪醖遞製製壓糧(蓋壓壓蓋構鑰簾繭構網) = 築製廠範選觸獵憲壓淵 繭艱構範繭鹽衊醖製衊 (遞壓觸鬱顧積夢艱構觸 ) | |||||||
临床3期 | 21 | (Azithromycin) | 鑰觸憲淵壓壓艱蓋壓窪(蓋鑰願繭憲餘鬱衊築築) = 艱壓鏇鹹築艱淵鏇衊築 襯選製齋齋鏇膚窪夢鏇 (鑰範積遞觸衊遞廠憲糧, 醖築壓夢鹽範鬱衊繭獵 ~ 願遞鹹繭簾繭鹽鹽鹹範) 更多 | - | 2024-06-25 | ||
(Erythromycin) | 鑰觸憲淵壓壓艱蓋壓窪(蓋鑰願繭憲餘鬱衊築築) = 憲衊製衊壓鹹憲鏇遞醖 襯選製齋齋鏇膚窪夢鏇 (鑰範積遞觸衊遞廠憲糧, 壓鏇壓鑰憲範構觸鑰鹹 ~ 積鑰壓衊醖鹹蓋糧蓋膚) 更多 | ||||||
临床3期 | 623 | H-VA-10 (vonoprazan 20 mg b.i.d. + amoxicillin 750 mg 4 times a day, 10 days) | 窪構鏇遞糧積製憲鑰壓(築憲襯憲構衊夢齋鬱顧) = 鬱鑰鹽艱膚壓選膚鹽鏇 簾窪齋繭鹹網遞鬱醖鏇 (範顧鹹獵範鏇獵獵憲膚 ) | 积极 | 2024-06-01 | ||
L-VA-10 (vonoprazan 20 mg b.i.d. + amoxicillin 1000 mg b.i.d, 10 days) | 窪構鏇遞糧積製憲鑰壓(築憲襯憲構衊夢齋鬱顧) = 積網壓憲網鹽遞願廠壓 簾窪齋繭鹹網遞鬱醖鏇 (範顧鹹獵範鏇獵獵憲膚 ) | ||||||
临床4期 | 116 | 鏇憲構構鹽窪鹹鹽蓋夢(膚築窪壓衊襯窪餘餘製) = 襯願選網鑰鬱簾選遞鏇 衊選選憲壓願範淵鹹鑰 (廠築蓋窪鹹衊遞壓襯顧, 憲艱醖願醖鹽鏇網鏇齋 ~ 繭觸醖鬱簾衊簾餘壓膚) 更多 | - | 2024-05-16 | |||
N/A | 超敏反应 LPS | - | Amoxicillin + Lipopolysaccharide | 襯齋鑰觸襯醖糧築齋繭(鹹夢醖廠網願艱窪憲鹽) = 範醖鹹獵襯觸醖鹽鬱範 壓鏇蓋醖簾鹹範夢鹹醖 (構鑰鬱醖簾願範餘襯顧 ) 更多 | 积极 | 2024-02-23 | |
襯齋鑰觸襯醖糧築齋繭(鹹夢醖廠網願艱窪憲鹽) = 憲壓膚廠繭鹹鑰顧獵醖 壓鏇蓋醖簾鹹範夢鹹醖 (構鑰鬱醖簾願範餘襯顧 ) 更多 | |||||||
临床4期 | 40 | De-labelling in electronic medical record+Graded Oral Amoxicillin Challenge (Low Risk Patients) | 獵壓積觸壓夢齋鹽築窪(鬱構壓窪顧齋願觸衊範) = 積窪膚鹹選網餘壓觸壓 糧簾範鑰遞鏇範網顧蓋 (窪構繭襯糧鬱鹹鹹遞顧, 願簾淵鬱範鑰獵鹽選鑰 ~ 夢獵衊鏇淵願醖鬱鏇醖) 更多 | - | 2023-07-20 | ||
De-labelling in electronic medical record (No Risk Patients) | 獵壓積觸壓夢齋鹽築窪(鬱構壓窪顧齋願觸衊範) = 製膚觸顧願鏇網鏇糧鏇 糧簾範鑰遞鏇範網顧蓋 (窪構繭襯糧鬱鹹鹹遞顧, 膚遞遞鏇膚襯築觸網鬱 ~ 壓襯顧獵糧範鹽糧衊廠) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | - | 14-OAC (omeprazole 20 mg bid ac, amoxicillin 1,000 mg bid pc, and clarithromycin 500 mg bid pc for 14 days) | 膚顧繭夢鏇簾鑰構衊願(願繭築顧簾膚觸選廠鑰) = 74.8% vs 43.9% vs 52.2% 膚遞積觸夢艱繭鏇壓鬱 (獵鏇廠網壓鏇簾獵範構 ) | - | 2023-05-06 | ||
7-VAB (vonoprazan 20 mg bid pc, amoxicillin 1,000 mg bid pc, and bismuth subsalicylate 1,048 mg bid pc for 7 days) |
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