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系统性硬化症(Systemic Sclerosis,SSc) 是一种罕见但高度异质的自身免疫性纤维化疾病,主要特征为皮肤硬化、微血管病变、自身抗体阳性及多器官纤维化(肺、心脏、肾、胃肠道等)。其中,间质性肺病(SSc-ILD)和肺动脉高压(SSc-PAH)是患者死亡的两大主要驱动因素。疾病病程通常为慢性进展型,可导致显著的功能障碍与生活质量下降。
最新研究进展
抗纤维化与免疫调控双重靶向成为趋势:nintedanib 已用于治疗 SSc-ILD,可延缓肺功能下降;托珠单抗(IL-6单抗)在部分患者显示改善肺功能和皮肤硬度的潜在益处。
早期干预理念加强:越来越多证据提示“早期血管病变+免疫激活”阶段可能是逆转或阻断纤维化进展的窗口期。
多组学精准分层:转录组、蛋白组、血清细胞因子谱与数字化皮肤评分用于识别不同疾病亚型,并预测进展风险与药物反应。
微血管与内皮功能机制深入:内皮损伤及血管修复障碍驱动纤维化与PAH发展,针对血管通路的靶向(ET、NO、PGI2途径)持续优化。
干细胞与再生方向探索:自体造血干细胞移植(AHSCT)在高度进展、难治的SSc中显示长期生存获益。
亟需解决的临床痛点
缺乏可逆转纤维化的真正“疾病修饰疗法”。
早期精准识别困难,对于预测哪些患者会快速进展的可靠生物标志物仍不足。
多系统受累导致临床路径复杂,治疗策略碎片化,缺乏统一“器官综合管理框架”。
SSc-PAH与SSc-ILD生存率仍低,联合治疗的最佳组合与顺序尚不明确。
临床试验设计难度高,患者数量少、亚型异质性大使得终点选择和招募困难。
系统性硬化症的研究正在从“抗炎/抗纤维孤立治疗”转向“免疫+纤维化+微血管全面精准干预”的新阶段。未来的突破重点在于早期标志物发现、纤维化逆转策略、系统性多器官综合管理与高风险亚型个体化治疗路径的建立。
我们仅对美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)资助的在研相关项目进行梳理,希望给同仁们的选题思路提供一点启发。
2025年,以 "Systemic Sclerosis"为检索词、在题目中进行检索,美国NIH针对系统性硬化症的在研有34项。
一,谁获得了这些研究?
1. 在研基金最多的PI:
LAFYATIS, ROBERT A.,匹兹堡大学(UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH)
SCARNEO, SCOTT,EYDIS BIO, INC.
VOLKMANN, ELIZABETH R,加州大学洛杉矶分校(UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES)
2,基金最多的研究机构
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH 匹兹堡大学
EYDIS BIO, INC.
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT HOUSTON 德克萨斯大学休斯顿健康科学中心
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY 约翰斯·霍普金斯大学
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES 加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校
二,研究热点
研究领域总览(根据关键词)
研究大的方向也包括临床试验(Clinical Trials)、肌成纤维细胞分化(Myofibroblast Differentiation)、肺动脉高压(Pulmonary Hypertension)、系统性硬化相关间质性肺病(SSc-ILD)、基因表达(Gene Expression)、风湿性疾病(Rheumatic Diseases)等。
三,借鉴与突破
我们也分享在美国该领域的几项课题摘要,希望对同仁们有所启发。
A,Novel compounds for the treatment of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease
Systemic sclerosis interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) is a progressive orphan disease highlighted by pulmonary fibrosis leading to a high mortality rate. Currently, there are only two FDA approved SSc-ILD therapies (OFEV and ACTEMRA), both of which have limited efficacy and are mired with safety issues, warranting the development of novel therapeutic targets to treat SSc-ILD. Our preclinical work has identified TGFβ-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) as a key signaling element in fibroinflammatory signaling observed in pulmonary fibrosis. TAK1 plays a critical role in facilitating activation of protein kinase-mediated signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of SSc-ILD, and as a result has emerged as a novel target for regulating SSc-ILD mediated inflammation and fibrotic signaling. Our recent discovery of the takinib scaffold has identified a highly selective (selectivity score = 0.037), potent (IC50 = 2.5nM), and orally bioavailable (%F = 98%) small molecule inhibitor of TAK1 (HS-276). Preclinical studies have demonstrated that TAK1 inhibition attenuates critical TGFβ fibrotic signaling in human-derived fibroblasts, as well as limits pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling in activated human macrophages. Furthermore, HS-276 significantly reduced bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, in vivo. Here, we will build upon these foundational proof of concept studies and further develop HS-276 for the treatment of SSc-ILD. In order to successfully further develop our program, this project includes the following Specific Aims: Aim 1: In vivo pharmacodynamic studies with HS-276 in two distinct murine lung fibrosis models: (Bleomycin and Tsk1/+). Aim 2: HS-276 safety in bacterial and fungal opportunistic disease models. Aim 3: Completion of key GLP safety and toxicology studies required for submission of an IND. Following successful completion of these aims we will be poised to advance HS-276 towards Phase I clinical trials for the treatment of SSc-ILD.
B, Clinical-Translational Studies in Skin, Lung, and Vascular Complications in Systemic Sclerosis
The Administrative Core of the Core Center for Clinical Research (CCCR) for Improving Health in Rheumatic Diseases (ImHeaRD) at the Medical University of South Carolina provides leadership and management for the center and a pilot projects program that is funded entirely with institutional commitments. The mission of this CCCR is to advance knowledge and improve health outcomes for populations that bear a disproportionate burden of systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, vasculitis, and other debilitating rheumatic diseases, as identified by objective epidemiologic and socioeconomic indicators. All CCCR services, resources, and pilot funding are offered on a nondiscriminatory, merit-based basis and in full compliance with applicable Federal civil- rights laws, executive orders, and NIH policies. The overarching goals of the Administrative Core are to: (a) ensure the quality, validity, accessibility and applicability of the tools, services, samples, data and other output of the CCCR cores, (b) foster interactions among basic, translational and clinical scientists at MUSC and beyond to focus effectively on prevention, diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic diseases, (c) facilitate appropriate dissemination of research results and resources, and (d) establish/continue collaborations with other CCCRs/CORTs to share best practices, methodology and unique skills. To achieve these goals, we will pursue the following specific aims: 1. Provide leadership for the CCCR; 2. Coordinate and manage CCCR organizational, operational and financial functions and evaluative activities; 3. Leverage institutional infrastructure resources; 4. Conduct a multi-year Evaluation Plan; 5. Strengthen and expand robust communication, dissemination and outreach activities, fostering mutually productive interactions among health professionals, scientists and local communities; and 6. Provide a competitive, open, competitive, peer-reviewed Pilot Projects Program. This core will be directed by Jim Oates, MD, with assistance from two Associate Directors, Gary Gilkeson, MD, and Diane Kamen, MD, an Executive Committee that includes core leaders and Research Community representatives, an Internal Advisory Committee that includes institutional stakeholders and patient advocates, and an External Advisory Committee that includes experts in the field with experience leading other NIAMS centers. The Administrative Core staff provides administrative support for the center, administering and monitoring the finances, coordinating meetings and action items, and interfacing with NIAMS staff and institutional personnel. The Administrative Core also supports educational and dissemination activities to enhance the visibility and impact of the center within MUSC and the local community and provide a forum for communicating and exchanging research ideas. The Administrative Core nurtures a vibrant, interactive program of clinical and translational research to advance our knowledge and resources for improving the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and health outcomes for rheumatic diseases.*
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