Ipilimumab

Cambridge, MA, Rotterdam, NL, Shanghai, CN — March 30, 2026 Harbour BioMed ("HBM" or the "Company"; HKEX: 02142), a global biopharmaceutical company committed to the discovery and development of novel antibody therapeutics in immunology, oncology and other areas, today announced its financial results for the year ended December 31, 2025. Dr. Jingsong Wang, Founder, Chairman, and CEO of Harbour BioMed, commented: "2025 marked a pivotal year for Harbour BioMed as we entered the third phase of our strategic evolution, with a clear roadmap toward our 2028 vision of becoming a global leading platform-based biopharmaceutical group. The Company's strategy is powered by three integrated growth engines. These include building a global leading AI-driven antibody discovery 'new infrastructure' through Nona Biosciences, expanding global partnerships through platform-based collaborations with multinational pharmaceutical companies, and unlocking the global value of its mid- to late-stage pipeline in immunology, oncology and other areas through Harbour Therapeutics. These three engines connect technology platforms, global partnerships and pipeline development, forming a scalable model for sustainable innovation and long-term growth. Leveraging our proprietary antibody discovery platforms and continued innovation in AI-enabled drug development, Harbour BioMed has built a strong global collaboration ecosystem. Looking ahead, we will continue to focus on innovation and accelerate the development of next-generation biologics to deliver transformative therapies for patients worldwide." 2025 Financial Highlights: Strong Growth and Profitability Total revenue reached approximately US$158 million, representing an increase of 314.6% year over year, primarily driven by long-term strategic collaborations with multinational pharmaceutical companies, global licensing agreements, and robust revenue growth fueled by the strong performance of Nona Biosciences. Net profit for the year surged to approximately US$92 million, a 33-fold increase compared to full year 2024, reflecting strong revenue growth and continuous improvement in operational efficiency. Adjusted net profit for the year[1] was approximately US$101 million, representing a 11-fold year-over-year increase. Cash and cash equivalents stood at approximately US$403 million as of December 31, 2025, representing an increase of 141.6% from the end of 2024. The Company maintains strong financial resources and flexibility to execute efficient capital management initiatives. [1] The adjusted items for net profit are share-based compensation, depreciation and amortization, and other one-time related expenses. Strategic Collaborations Fuel Global Expansion Over the past several years, Harbour BioMed has steadily transformed the strength of its technology platforms into high-value global partnerships, building an expanding international innovation ecosystem. The Company has deepened its ties with global pharmaceutical leaders in antibody discovery and next-generation biologics development, ensuring its innovative platform technologies reached new heights. In 2025 alone, the Company established multiple collaborations with global biotechnology innovators and multinational pharmaceutical companies, including Windward Bio, AstraZeneca, Otsuka, Pfizer and Bristol Myers Squibb. Among these, Harbour BioMed's expanding collaboration with AstraZeneca stands as a representative example of the Company's evolving partnership model—progressing from product licensing to a deep strategic collaboration covering multiple targets and programs. The collaboration between the two parties in 2025 is further distinguished by an innovative, multi-faceted framework that combines R&D collaboration, equity investment, and the establishment of the Harbour BioMed-AstraZeneca Innovation Lab. Together, these collaborations underscore Harbour BioMed's evolving platform-driven partnership model, enabling the Company to accelerate global innovation while creating long-term strategic and commercial value. Advancing a Robust and Differentiated Pipeline Harbour BioMed continues to advance a diversified pipeline of innovative therapeutics addressing diseases with significant unmet medical needs. With almost 20 drug candidates spanning preclinical to late-stage clinical development, the Company is building a broad portfolio across immunology, oncology and other areas, while expanding into next-generation modalities including bispecific and tri-specific T cell engagers, antibody-drug conjugates, metabolic disease therapies and central nervous system programs. Key products in the mid-late clinical stage include: Batoclimab (HBM9161) is the first anti-FcRn monoclonal antibody completed Phase I to pivotal trials in China. As a novel, fully human anti-FcRn monoclonal antibody, batoclimab has the potential to be a breakthrough treatment option for a wide range of autoimmune diseases. The Phase III pivotal clinical trial results of batoclimab were published in JAMA Neurology in March 2024, demonstrating sustained efficacy and safety with long-term use of batoclimab in the treatment of generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). In July 2024, NMPA accepted the BLA for batoclimab for the treatment of gMG. HBM9378 is a fully human monoclonal antibody against thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) generated from the H2L2 Harbour Mice® platform. It potently binds to the TSLP ligand and inhibits the TSLP mediated signaling pathway by blocking the interaction between TSLP and TSLP receptor. TSLP is a well-validated cytokine that plays a key role in the development and progression of a wide array of immunological conditions, including asthma and COPD where inhibition has demonstrated benefit in a wide array of inflammatory phenotypes. HBM9378 has been engineered to achieve an extended half-life and effector silencing and is subcutaneously administered. The Company received the IND approval of HBM9378 for moderate-to-severe asthma from the NMPA in February 2022 and completed a Phase I clinical trial in healthy subjects in China. In November 2024, the Company submitted an IND application for HBM9378 for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to the NMPA, which was approved in January 2025. In January 2025, it was announced that the Company and Kelun-Biotech entered into an exclusive license agreement with Windward Bio, under which Windward Bio was granted an exclusive license for the research, development, manufacturing and commercialization of HBM9378 globally (excluding Greater China and several Southeast and West Asian countries). In July 2025, Windward Bio launched global Phase II POLARIS clinical study, assessing long-acting dosing of HBM9378/WIN378 for people living with asthma. Note: HBM9378 is known as SKB378 in Kelun-Biotech's pipeline and WIN378 in Windward Bio's pipeline. Porustobart (HBM4003) is a next-generation, fully human heavy-chain-only anti-CTLA-4 antibody discovered and developed using the HCAb Harbour Mice® platform. It is also the first fully human heavy-chain-only antibody which entered clinical development globally. Compared with conventional CTLA-4 antibodies, porustobart has unique, favourable properties, including significant Treg cell depletion and optimized pharmacokinetics for improved safety. Additionally, by enhancing antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), porustobart increases the potential to selectively deplete intratumoral Treg cells, helping to overcome the efficacy and toxicity bottleneck of current CTLA-4 therapies. The Company has implemented a global development plan for multiple types of solid tumors with an adaptive treatment design for porustobart. Positive efficacy and safety data have been observed in the monotherapy trial targeting advanced solid tumors, as well as in combination trials with PD-1 inhibitors for melanoma, colorectal cancer (CRC), neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In October 2025, the Company published positive Phase II clinical data in combination with tislelizumab, for the treatment of microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Of the 23 evaluable patients, the objective response rate (ORR) is 34.8%, disease control rate (DCR) is 60.9%, and 12-month overall survival (OS) Rate is 84%. In February 2026, the Company entered a license agreement and equity partnership with Solstice Oncology, a clinical stage biotechnology company established by a syndicate of major venture capital investors, for the exclusive development and commercialization of HBM4003 outside Greater China. HBM7575 is a long-acting bispecific antibody targeting TSLP and an undisclosed antigen, with a dual mechanism of action. On one hand, by blocking the interaction between TSLP and its receptor, it inhibits TSLP-mediated signaling pathways and the activation of Th2 immune cells. On the other hand, binding to and blocking the undisclosed target generates a synergistic effect, overcoming resistance issues associated with TSLP single-target antibodies. HBM7575 has been engineered to possess an extended half-life and favourable developability, enabling subcutaneous administration. Based on preclinical half-life data, the anticipated human half-life is expected to support dosing intervals of more than three months, positioning it as a potential best-in-class therapy. In December 2025, NMPA accepted the IND application for HBM7575 for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. In March 2026, the China IND application for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, has been approved by the NMPA. Key products in the next-generation innovation portfolio include: HBM7020 is a BCMAxCD3 bispecific antibody generated using the fully human HBICE® bispecific technology and Harbour Mice® platform. HBM7020 can crosslink targeted cells and T cells by binding to BCMA and CD3 on the cell surface, leading to potent T cell activation and cell elimination. By incorporating dual anti-BCMA binding sites for optimal cell targeting and monovalent-optimized CD3 activity to minimize CRS, HBM7020 demonstrated potent cytotoxicity with broad applications in both immunological and oncology diseases. In August 2023, HBM7020 obtained IND clearance from the NMPA to commence a Phase I trial for cancer in China. In June 2025, the Company entered a global strategic collaboration with Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Otsuka) to advance HBM7020 for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. HBM7004 is a novel B7H4xCD3 bispecific antibody. Using HBICE® bispecific technology and Harbour Mice® platform, this bispecific antibody was designed to provide innovative solutions for cancer immunotherapy from both efficacy and safety perspectives. The development of B7H4xCD3 bispecific HBICE® further consolidates the Company's bispecific immune cell engager platform, demonstrating the HBICE® platform's versatility and plug-and-play advantages. In preclinical studies, HBM7004 demonstrated an intratumor B7H4-dependent T cell activation manner. In multiple animal models, HBM7004 showed strong anti-tumor efficacy, remarkable in vivo stability, and reduced systemic toxicity. Additionally, in preclinical models, HBM7004 exhibited a strong synergistic effect when combined with a B7H4x4-1BB bispecific antibody at a low effector-to-target cell ratio, indicating an encouraging therapeutic window. In 2025, the Company continued the development in pre-clinical and advanced to IND-enabling stage for HBM7004. Metabolic Disease Programs: The Company is developing innovative therapies for obesity-related conditions to address key challenges in current obesity treatments, including muscle preservation and long-term efficacy. Multiple programs currently in preclinical development, each designed to offer innovative mechanisms of action, including targeted hormone modulation and enhanced metabolic regulation. By integrating dual-targeting strategies with enhanced safety profiles, these therapies have the potential to complement and expand upon existing treatment options, including various agonists of GLP-1 receptor, GIP receptor, and GCG receptor. These programs are supported by the Company's antibody discovery platform and Hu-mAtrIxTM AI platform, with AI applications guiding antibody sequence discovery, enrichment, optimization, bispecific geometry design, and developability/immunogenicity/pharmacokinetics (PK) assessments, as well as patient biomarker studies. CNS Disease Programs: Resilience Neuroscience, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, is advancing a next-generation central nervous system (CNS) pipeline focused on Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative disorders. Multiple programs are currently in preclinical development, targeting well-validated CNS pathways. By significantly enhancing central nervous system delivery and extending half-life, these programs aim to amplify therapeutic efficacy and deliver next-generation best-in-class (BIC) and first-in-class (FIC) therapeutics. This approach is enabled by our proprietary platform technologies, including HCAb-based blood-brain barrier (BBB) shuttle platforms for brain-penetrant antibody delivery and BBB shuttle-conjugated ASO/siRNA modalities, designed to overcome the key barriers in CNS drug development. Powering Next-Generation Therapeutics Through Platform Innovation and Venture Incubation Technology platform innovation remains a core pillar of Harbour BioMed's long-term strategy and a key driver of its research productivity and business development success. By continuously advancing its proprietary antibody discovery platforms including Harbour Mice®, HCAb-based antibody technologies and multi-specific antibody engineering capabilities, the Company is enhancing the efficiency of antibody discovery while enabling the development of next-generation biologics across multiple therapeutic areas. Building on the foundation, Harbour BioMed is increasingly integrating artificial intelligence with advanced antibody engineering to further accelerate discovery. One of Harbour BioMed's most exciting innovations in 2025 has been the launch of its first fully human Generative AI HCAb Model powered by the Hu-mAtrIxTM AI platform. Built on more than nine million next-generation sequencing-derived HCAb sequences, the platform integrates AI-driven design, intelligent screening and wet-lab validation to establish a closed-loop discovery process for antibody development. To further advance AI-enabled innovation, Harbour BioMed also launched the Global AI + Pharmaceutical Ecosystem Alliance in 2025, bringing together technology partners, industry experts and investors to accelerate AI-driven drug discovery. These platform capabilities have played an important role in supporting the Company's expanding pipeline and global collaborations with leading pharmaceutical partners, further demonstrating the commercial and scientific value of Harbour BioMed's technology platforms. Beyond advancing internal R&D capabilities, Harbour BioMed is also leveraging its proprietary technologies to drive new innovation models. Through its "technology for equity" approach, the Company continues to incubate next-generation biotechnology ventures, expanding the application scenarios of its platform technologies while creating additional long-term value. With flexible capital investment, Harbour BioMed has incubated several ventures focused on cutting-edge therapeutic areas, ranging from multivalent antibodies to cell therapies. These include collaborations with NK Cell-Tech in NK cell therapies, as well as incubating Élancé Therapeutics, which focuses on next-generation obesity treatments, and Resilience Neuroscience, dedicated to therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. Harbour BioMed has also co-founded Sobour Biopharma to develop innovative therapies for cancer and inflammatory diseases. Together, these initiatives highlight the broad potential of Harbour BioMed's technology platforms and demonstrate how the Company's platform-driven innovation model continues to generate new opportunities for scientific advancement and future growth. Outlook: Driving the Next Phase of Global Growth Looking ahead, Harbour BioMed will continue to drive sustainable business growth and fulfill its 2028 vision of becoming a global leading platform-based biopharmaceutical group through the three integrated growth engines. In 2026, the Company expects to advance multiple high-potential assets into mid- to late-stage clinical development and progress additional innovative candidates into the clinical stage across immunology, oncology, and other therapeutic areas with high unmet medical needs. Meanwhile, the Company will actively explore various opportunities to accelerate its portfolio and platform value realization and strengthen its role in the global innovation ecosystem by expanding collaborations with global partners. By integrating technology platforms, pipeline innovation and global partnerships, Harbour BioMed remains committed to delivering transformative biologic therapies to patients worldwide and further strengthening its position as a globally competitive innovator in next-generation biotherapeutics. About Harbour BioMed Harbour BioMed (HKEX: 02142) is a global biopharmaceutical company committed to the discovery and development of novel antibody therapeutics in immunology, oncology and other areas. The Company is building a robust portfolio and differentiated pipeline through internal R&D capability, strategic global collaborations in co-discovery and co-development, and selective acquisitions. Our proprietary antibody technology platform, Harbour Mice®, generates fully human monoclonal antibodies in both the conventional two heavy and two light chain (H2L2) format and the heavy chain-only (HCAb) format. Building upon HCAb antibodies, the HCAb-based immune cell engagers (HBICE®) bispecific antibody technology enables tumor-killing effects that traditional combination therapies cannot achieve. The HCAb-based Antibody Plus technology (HCAb PLUSTM) provides comprehensive modality solutions for the development of innovative multi-specific medicines in different disease areas. Additionally, building upon the Harbour Mice® platform, Harbour BioMed launched its first fully human Generative AI HCAb Model powered by its Hu-mAtrIxTM AI platform, accelerating the development of innovative therapies. By integrating Harbour Mice®, HBICE®, HCAb PLUSTM, a single B-cell cloning platform and AI technologies, Harbour BioMed has built a highly efficient and distinctive antibody discovery engine for developing next-generation therapeutic antibodies. For more information, please visit www.harbourbiomed.com.

点击蓝字 关注我们 本 期 看 点 转移性胃癌长期以来是全球健康难题，预后惨淡。但近 5 年，生物标志物指导下的精准治疗彻底重塑了治疗格局 —— 免疫检查点抑制剂、靶向药物与化疗的灵活组合，让 MSI-H、HER2+、PD-L1+、Claudin 18.2 + 等分子亚型患者迎来生存突破。 尽管化疗仍是基础，但抗体药物偶联物（ADC）、双特异性抗体、CAR-T 等新一代疗法，以及循环肿瘤 DNA（ctDNA）、诊疗一体化等辅助技术，正推动胃癌治疗从 "一刀切" 迈入 "量体裁衣" 的新时代。 文章截图 本文基于《Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology》刊载的最新综述，通过系统性的编译整合与深度提炼，对晚期胃癌的管理现状与新兴疗法进行了梳理与评述。在准确传达原文精髓的基础上，我们进一步融入了独立的分析视角，以期为该领域提供一份既具时效性又富有见地的参考。 本期内容 01 胃癌治疗的核心转变：生物标志物说了算 02 一线治疗：化疗为基，精准药物做加法 03 二线及后线：ADC 与细胞治疗成破局关键 04 总结与未来展望 【01 胃癌治疗的核心转变：生物标志物说了算】 开篇明义，本文主要要点 转移性胃癌的治疗格局正逐步向生物标志物指导的策略转变，治疗获益主要集中于分子分型明确的患者亚组。 氟嘧啶类联合铂类化疗仍是一线治疗的基础，通过选择性联合生物标志物指导的免疫检查点抑制剂和 / 或靶向药物，可实现疗效的逐步提升。 目前的一线治疗存在原发性和获得性耐药的高风险，提示临床需突破第一代抗体药物，转向抗体药物偶联物、双特异性抗体及细胞治疗等新一代治疗手段。 整合循环肿瘤 DNA、诊疗一体化技术等动态、微创检测平台，有望优化患者筛选、实现疾病实时监测并支持更具适应性的治疗策略。 尽管世界卫生组织（WHO）和劳伦（Laurén）分类等传统组织学分类仍具有重要意义，但分子分型在指导预后判断和治疗决策中的作用日益关键。癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）为理解初治早期胃癌的分子异质性提供了基础框架，并建议将肿瘤分为四种与预后和治疗相关的亚型： EB 病毒阳性型（EBV+，占 9%） 微卫星不稳定型（MSI，占 21%） 基因组稳定型（GS，占 20%） 染色体不稳定型（CIN，占 50%） EBV + 和 MSI 型肿瘤与免疫应答相关，患者预后较好；而 GS 型肿瘤以弥漫型组织学特征为主，患者预后较差。上述分类奠定了当前胃癌分子生物学的认知基础，但其在晚期癌症中的适用性有限，因 TCGA 研究未涵盖转移性疾病相关的分子进化和治疗相关选择压力等特征。 过去胃癌治疗以化疗为主，但如今分子分型已成为治疗决策的核心。不同生物标志物定义的患者亚组，对应着完全不同的最优治疗方案： 表1 | 晚期胃癌或胃食管结合部腺癌患者的特定生物标志物 关键进展在于： 晚期胃癌的分子特征与早期胃癌差异显著，MSI-H、EBV + 亚型占比更低，而基因组稳定型（GS）占比更高，且出现 FGFR2 扩增、MET 激活等独特靶点，这要求治疗前必须进行针对性分子检测。 02 一线治疗：化疗为基，精准药物做加法 图1. 一线免疫化疗方案的关键全球随机试验的结果 图2. 晚期胃或胃食管结合部癌患者的一线治疗选择 1. 化疗 backbone：东西方略有差异 全球主流：氟嘧啶类 + 铂类双药方案（如奥沙利铂 + 卡培他滨），耐受性更优。 东亚偏好：替吉奥（S-1）为基础的联合方案，贴合区域药物可及性。 强化选择：体能状态良好（ECOG 0-1）患者可选用含多西他赛的三药方案（如 TFOX），疾病控制率更高；衰弱患者则适合减量双药化疗，兼顾疗效与生活质量。 2. 免疫 + 化疗：PD-L1 高表达患者的首选 核心证据：CheckMate 649、KEYNOTE-859 等 III 期试验证实，抗 PD-1 抗体 + 化疗可显著延长 HER2 - 患者生存期，PD-L1 CPS≥5 分者获益最显著（中位 OS 最长达 15.7 个月）。 东亚数据：ORIENT-16、GEMSTONE-303 试验验证了该组合在亚洲人群中的有效性，替雷利珠单抗等药物表现亮眼。 安全性：免疫相关不良反应（irAEs）以皮肤、胃肠道反应为主，多数可逆，3 级以上事件发生率低于化疗。 3. 双免疫 / 多靶点联合：突破治疗边界 双免疫阻断：PD-1×CTLA4 双特异性抗体（如卡度尼利单抗）在全 PD-L1 亚组均显效，包括 CPS<5 分的患者。 免疫 + stromal 靶向：PD-L1/TGFβ 双抑制剂 SHR-1701 联合化疗，中位 OS 达 15.8 个月，为无明确靶点患者提供新选择。 TIGIT 靶点：多瓦利单抗 + PD-1 抗体 + 化疗的 II 期数据显示中位 PFS 12.9 个月，III 期试验正在推进。 4. 亚型特异性精准治疗 MSI-H/dMMR：抗 PD-1 单药客观缓解率 46.7%-57.1%，纳武利尤单抗 + 低剂量伊匹木单抗无化疗方案，12 个月 OS 率 79.5%。 HER2+：曲妥珠单抗 + 帕博利珠单抗 + 化疗成为新标准（中位 OS 20.1 个月）；ADC 药物 T-DXd、迪妥昔单抗维多汀正在冲击一线，双表位抗体扎尼达妥单抗显示出更长生存潜力。 Claudin 18.2+：佐妥昔单抗 + 化疗可延长 PFS 和 OS，但需管理恶心呕吐不良反应；双特异性抗体 givastomig （4-1BB/CLDN18.2）降低表达阈值，客观缓解率达 71%，安全性更优。 FGFR2b+：贝马鲁珠单抗联合化疗在高表达患者中显效，III 期试验正在优化方案。（编者更新：遗憾的是，2项三期研究先后宣告失败） 【03 二线及后线：ADC 与细胞治疗成破局关键】 尽管一线治疗持续优化，多数患者仍会进展，后线治疗就显得尤为重要： 1. 无靶点患者：标准方案与新药探索 首选方案：雷莫芦单抗 + 紫杉醇仍是二线标准，中位 OS 9.6 个月。 新药方向：TROP2 靶向 ADC 戈沙妥珠单抗正在 III 期验证，为无明确靶点患者提供新选择。 2. 有靶点患者：ADC 与细胞治疗引领突破 HER2+：T-DXd 二线治疗中位 OS 14.7 个月，显著优于化疗，对 HER2-low 患者也有一定疗效；迪妥昔单抗维多汀联合 PD-1 抑制剂，HER2-low 患者客观缓解率 46%。 Claudin 18.2+：ADC 药物在低表达肿瘤中显效（客观缓解率 33%）；CAR-T 疗法 satri-cel 成为首个优于标准治疗的实体瘤细胞疗法，中位 PFS 3.25 个月，客观缓解率 38%-43%，安全性可控。 MSI-H/dMMR：抗 PD-1 抗体耐药后，可尝试双免疫阻断或 WRN 抑制剂等新型疗法。 04 总结与未来展望 未来方向：这些技术将彻底改变治疗模式 图3. 晚期胃或胃食管结合部癌患者的部分靶向及肿瘤微环境调节疗法 1. 局限性转移：根治性多学科治疗 定义明确：寡转移疾病（单一器官≤3 个病灶）可先经全身治疗，再行局部治疗；腹膜局限转移患者，细胞减灭术 + 腹腔内化疗可能获益。 关键试验：DRAGON-01 试验证实，腹腔内紫杉醇 + 全身化疗可显著延长腹膜转移患者 OS（19.4 个月 vs 13.9 个月）。 2. 细胞治疗：从靶点到递送的全面升级 新靶点探索：CDH17、间皮素等新靶点 CAR-T 正在早期研发，降低脱肿瘤毒性。 递送优化：区域给药（如腹腔内注射）可增强 CAR-T 细胞浸润与持久性，在胸膜转移患者中已显效。 3. 诊疗一体化与动态监测 循环肿瘤 DNA（ctDNA）：可无创检测靶点、监测微小残留病（MRD），提前 6-94 周预警复发，指导治疗调整。 靶向核素治疗：HER2、Claudin 18.2、FAP 等靶点的 PET 显像 + 放射性核素治疗，实现 "诊断 - 治疗" 一体化。 治疗性疫苗：HER-Vaxx 疫苗联合化疗显生存获益，疫苗 + CAR-T 组合有望克服实体瘤免疫抑制微环境。 现状与挑战：创新与公平的平衡 尽管胃癌治疗取得革命性进展，但全球医疗资源分配不均仍制约着获益人群： 低收入国家：基础化疗药物可及性不足，25% 以上患者面临灾难性医疗支出。 中高收入国家：免疫治疗、ADC 药物费用高昂（部分 ADC 年花费超 15 万美元），保险覆盖与医疗可及性仍是难题。 结语 转移性胃癌的治疗已进入 "分子分型指导下的精准联合时代"—— 化疗不再是唯一选择，免疫、靶向、ADC、细胞治疗等技术的灵活组合，让不同亚型患者都能找到最优方案。未来，随着 ctDNA 动态监测、诊疗一体化、新型靶点药物的成熟，胃癌治疗将从 "延长生存" 向 "治愈可能" 稳步迈进。而如何让全球患者公平享有这些创新成果，将是下一个重要课题。 声明：本文内容基于《Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology》综述文献（Choo, J., et al. Advances in the management of metastatic gastric cancer: current strategies and emerging therapeutics. Nat Rev Clin Oncol (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-026-01134-1）的核心观点与数据整理而成，仅供学术交流与个人学习参考，不涉及商业用途。完整版权归原作者及《Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology》杂志所有。 新增科普账号，用更通俗的语言讲透临床知识，欢迎关注。 ★