Background:
People with HIV take drugs to keep the amount of virus in their body low. One type of these drugs, called integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), can cause weight gain over time. Weight gain can cause diabetes, heart disease, and other serious issues. Researchers want to understand how INSTIs cause weight changes.
Objective:
To characterize the change in plasma metabolite profile that 4 weeks of each treatment may induce in the absence of HIV infection
Eligibility:
Healthy people aged 18 to 55.
Design:
Participants will be screened in the outpatient clinic. They will have a physical exam and blood tests. They will have a nutritional assessment and tests of their heart function.
Participants will be randomized to one of four oral treatments: Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate TDF/Viread, Tenovovir Alafenamide TAF/Vemlidy, Dolutegravir DTG/Tivicay, or both TAF and DTG taken together for 4 weeks.
Participants will have a Day 0 visit for the Lead-In Baseline visit for an exam and blood tests and continuous glucose monitor placement.
Participants will return in 2wks or Day 14/Wk 2 for a DEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). DEXA is a kind of X-ray that measures body fat and bone density. Optional adiopse (fat) tissue biopsy in the abdomen, and optional microbiome specimen collections. Continuous glucose monitor changed. Oral once a day dose medication will be started with education.
Participants will return in 2wks or Day 28/Wk 4 for exam, labs, and continuous glucose monitor changed.
Participants will return in 2wks or Day 42/Wk 6 for final exam, labs, repeat DEXA scan, repeat adipose tissue biopsy, and microbiome specimen collections.

开始日期2026-07-19

申办/合作机构

National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases

NCT07124559

/ Not yet recruiting临床1/2期IIT

Phase I/II Dose Finding, Safety and Tolerability Study of Daily Rifapentine Combined With Isoniazid (1HP) for Tuberculosis Prevention in Children Less Than 13 Years of Age With and Without HIV

This study aims to find the proposed dose of Rifapentine (RPT) taken once daily with Isoniazid (INH) for 28 days to prevent tuberculosis (TB). The study will take place at multiple locations and children under 13 years old will be divided into two groups: one group will include children without HIV, and the other group will include children with HIV who are on antiretroviral treatment. Up to 144 children will participate, and participants in each group will be followed for 24 weeks.

开始日期2026-07-15

申办/合作机构

National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases

[+1]

NCT06805656

/ Not yet recruiting临床2期IIT

Multi Interventional Approaches to Mitigate HIV Reservoirs Aiming the Sustained HIV Remission Without Use of Antiretrovirals

A modern and urgent challenge in fighting HIV infection is to achieve sustained HIV remission without the use of antiretrovirals. The investigators' preliminary data indicate that the use of combined strategies to mitigate the HIV proviral reservoir size among individuals with suppressive antiretroviral treatment achieved unprecedented results in the reduction of HIV DNA present in these cells and in the reduction of CD4 + and CD8 + T cell activation. Combined interventions include intensified antiretroviral treatment to mitigate residual HIV replication, use of a histone deacetylase inhibitor to interrupt viral latency, use of an anti-proliferative medication to reduce long-lived T cells that harbor HIV and a personalized dendritic cell therapy vaccine to eliminate cells with latent HIV infection or cells present in viral sanctuaries. Due to the good results obtained in the exploratory stage of the project, the investigators propose to expand it by recruiting a larger number of patient to confirm the previously obtained results and to generate new insights related to the mechanisms involved in viral latency, latency disruption and the effects of analytical treatment interruption of antiretrovirals among patients undergoing all above mentioned interventions.

开始日期2026-07-01

申办/合作机构

Universidade Federal De Sao Paulo

[+1]

100 项与多替拉韦钠相关的临床结果

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100 项与多替拉韦钠相关的转化医学

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100 项与多替拉韦钠相关的专利（医药）

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3,608

项与多替拉韦钠相关的文献（医药）

2026-12-31·ANNALS OF MEDICINE

Efficacy and metabolic outcomes of switching from an INSTI-based triple-drug regimen to dolutegravir/lamivudine in treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients: a 48-week real-world study

Article

作者: Li, Qisui ; Zhang, Wei ; Yuan, Jing ; Deng, Changgang

BACKGROUND:

Real-world data on switching from INSTI-based triple therapy to DTG/3TC in the Chinese population are lacking.

METHODS:

This retrospective study included 214 treatment-experienced patients with HIV from Chongqing Public Health Medical Center (2021-2022) on an INSTI-based triple-drug regimen for ≥6 months who switched to DTG/3TC for >12 months. Patients with pre-existing metabolic diseases were excluded. Participants were categorized: INSTI+TAF-free (n = 100, prior TDF/AZT/ABC), INSTI+TAF (n = 56, prior BIC/FTC/TAF), and INSTI+TAF+COBI (n = 58, prior EVG/c/FTC/TAF). Virological, immunological, and metabolic parameters were assessed at weeks 24 and 48.

RESULTS:

The INSTI+TAF+COBI group was significantly older (p=0.000). Virological suppression rates (<50 copies/mL) were high at switch (93%, 85.7%, 91.4%). The INSTI+TAF+COBI group had lower eGFR and higher TG, TC, HDL, and LDL at baseline (p < 0.05). After switching, virological suppression remained high (≥90%) at weeks 24 and 48. CD4+ T-cell increases showed no significant intergroup differences. Metabolic changes differed: TC changes were 0.57 mmol/L (IQR: -0.19-0.91) in INSTI+TAF-free, -0.09 mmol/L (-0.47-0.71) in INSTI+TAF, and -0.25 mmol/L (-0.99-0.33) in INSTI+TAF+COBI. LDL changes were 0.23 mmol/L (-0.23-0.67), -0.15 mmol/L (-0.39-0.01), and -0.18 mmol/L (-0.71-0.10), respectively. TC and LDL changes differed significantly among groups (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

Switching to DTG/3TC maintained virological suppression and stable immunological outcomes. Patients previously on TAF-containing regimens demonstrated greater metabolic benefits than those on TAF-free regimens, possibly related to baseline TDF effects, requiring further confirmation.

2026-12-31·ASN Neuro

Exposure to Frontline Antiretroviral Dolutegravir Disrupts Oligodendrocyte Development Across Differentiation Stages

Article

作者: Cruz-Berríos, Melanie ; Grinspan, Judith B. ; Putatunda, Raj ; Romer, Micah A. ; Jeffries, Marisa A. ; Jordan-Sciutto, Kelly L. ; Singhal, Anushka

The use of antiretroviral (ART) treatment during pregnancy has dramatically reduced rates of perinatally-acquired human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection to <1% in the United States. Despite this success, we have limited knowledge of how ART drugs that cross the placental barrier affect fetal development, particularly in the central nervous system (CNS). During gestation, large populations of oligodendroglia are produced that are responsible for critical postnatal CNS myelination enabling appropriate neurological function. Previous studies have shown that antiretrovirals impair oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation leading us to hypothesize that OL maturation might be inhibited by exposure to a frontline ART drug cocktail (Triumeq®) prescribed during pregnancy containing dolutegravir (DTG), abacavir (ABC), and lamivudine (3TC). In this study, we demonstrated that exposing primary rat oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and OLs to the Triumeq drug combination decreased OL maturation and myelin protein production in a concentration-dependent manner, and that DTG was solely responsible. Regardless of the timing of exposure during OL development, a high concentration of DTG inhibited OL maturation. Bulk RNA sequencing revealed transcriptional changes after DTG exposure related to a variety of cellular mechanisms, including cellular responses to stress pathways, amino acid starvation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Although we found that DTG robustly activated the integrated stress response (ISR), attempted rescue experiments showed that DTG primarily inhibits OL maturation independently of the ISR. Collectively, our novel data on DTG underscore the necessity of investigating how ART drugs that are administered during pregnancy and cross the placental barrier can affect fetal CNS development.

2026-12-31·HIV Research & Clinical Practice

Longitudinal analysis of viral suppression before, during, and after pregnancy among women on antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: six-year real-world experience

Article

作者: Mumbere, Iving ; Emunyu, Jude ; Sserunjogi, Conrad ; Kyomuhangi, Brendah ; Namasambi, Sharon ; Nakawesi, Jane ; Ankunda, Collins

INTRODUCTION:

This study evaluated the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and associated factors on viral suppression before, during, and after pregnancy (maternal timeline).

METHODS:

We conducted a cohort study, retrospectively reviewing records of 1291 pregnant and breastfeeding women on ART. Descriptive statistics summarised the demographics and clinical characteristics. Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and generalised estimating equations were used to assess variations in viral suppression across the maternal timeline.

RESULTS:

ART regimens comprised 62.5% dolutegravir (DTG)-, 28.8% efavirenz (EFV)-, 4.5% nevirapine (NVP)-, and 4.2% protease inhibitor (PI)-based therapy. Viral suppression rates before, during, and after pregnancy were DTG- (95.0%, 94.6%, 95.7%), EFV- (94.9%, 94.2%, 93.6%), NVP- (93.1%, 94.7%, 93.5%), and PI-based (79.6%, 88.0%, 85.7%). ART regimens varied in effectiveness, with statistical significance observed before (p < 0.001) and after (p = 0.018), but not during pregnancy (p = 0.678). PI-based regimens showed higher risk of non-suppression in the non-adjusted model (IRR = 3.20, 95% CI: 1.63-6.30, p = 0.001). In the adjusted model, poor adherence (aIRR = 7.80, 95% CI: 2.54-23.90, p < 0.001), fair adherence (aIRR = 5.03, 95% CI: 1.11-22.86, p = 0.036), second-line ART (aIRR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.75-5.62, p < 0.001), and third-line ART (aIRR = 8.48, 95% CI: 1.82-39.43, p = 0.006) remained significant.

CONCLUSION:

ART effectiveness showed variation before and after, but not during pregnancy. EFV- and NVP-based regimens achieved suppression rates comparable to DTG across maternal timelines, with the exception of PI-based regimens. Adherence and ART drugs influence outcomes more than regimen choice alone, with good adherence essential for optimal maternal outcomes.

519

项与多替拉韦钠相关的新闻（医药）

2026-07-14

·今日头条

2023 慢性冠心病患者管理指南 —— 美国官方报告（4）

接《2023 慢性冠心病患者管理指南 —— 美国官方报告（3）》 6.2 慢性冠心病合并心脏瓣膜病概要心脏瓣膜病患者常同时合并慢性冠心病 ¹,²。瓣膜手术同期慢性冠心病的评估与处理方案详见《2021 ACC/AHA 心脏瓣膜病患者管理指南》³。瓣膜手术完成后，合并慢性冠心病的瓣膜病患者需遵循本指南所列二级预防相关现行推荐意见进行管理。重度主动脉瓣狭窄合并慢性冠心病患者，若接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）联合经导管主动脉瓣置换术，需按照《2021 ACC/AHA/SCAI 冠脉血运重建指南》规范使用双联抗血小板治疗（DAPT）⁴。 6.3 青年人群青年人群相关推荐意见推荐等级 (COR) 证据等级 (LOE) 推荐内容 Ⅱa 类推荐 C-LD 1. 对于合并慢性冠心病的青年患者，在充分管控传统心血管危险因素后，全面评估并干预非传统心血管危险因素，有助于降低心血管事件发生风险 ¹⁻³。概要青年冠心病患者属于特殊人群，长期存在心血管并发症、主要不良心血管事件复发风险，且会损失健康生存年数 ¹,⁴。绝大多数患者存在至少 1 项传统心血管危险因素（表 18）⁵,⁶。青年患者传统危险因素控制不佳会显著升高主要不良心血管事件复发率，因此需与老年患者同等力度开展危险因素管控，采用一致的二级预防方案 ¹,⁴,⁷,⁸。该人群家族性高胆固醇血症（FH）患病率较高，开展家族性高胆固醇血症筛查可使患者获益（非白人人群中，表型筛查优于基因分型筛查）。一项针对家族性高胆固醇血症青年患者长达 20 年的随访分析证实，他汀类药物可安全有效降低心血管事件风险⁹。确诊家族性高胆固醇血症或脂蛋白 (a) 升高的患者，可建议其家属完善血脂相关筛查。临床应评估并干预各类非传统危险因素，以减少远期心血管事件。此外，完善就医渠道、开展患者健康教育、采用动机性访谈、借助医疗信息化工具、消除取药障碍等举措，有助于提升患者服药依从性 ¹⁰,¹¹（详见 4.1.2 节《患者健康教育》、4.1.4 节《健康的社会决定因素》）。对于冠脉先天畸形、川崎病、心肌桥等非动脉粥样硬化性冠脉病变，完善评估与针对性治疗可带来临床获益（表 19）¹²⁻¹⁴。建议由心血管专科医师对该类患者进行长期随访管理（详见 7.1 节《随访方案与检查项目》）。表 18 青年慢性冠心病相关传统危险因素与非传统危险因素传统危险因素非传统危险因素高血压（4.2.7 节，《血压管理》）人类免疫缺陷病毒感染与抗逆转录病毒治疗（6.8 节，《人类免疫缺陷病毒 / 自身免疫性疾病》）肥胖与代谢综合征（4.2.9 节，《体重管理》）娱乐性物质滥用（可卡因、大麻）（4.2.4 节，《酒精与物质滥用》）糖尿病（4.2.8 节，《钠 - 葡萄糖协同转运蛋白 2 抑制剂与胰高糖素样肽 - 1 受体激动剂》）全身性炎症疾病（炎症性肠病、系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿关节炎、痛风、银屑病关节炎、强直性脊柱炎）及血管炎不健康饮食、缺乏体力活动（4.2.1 节，《营养，含膳食补充剂》、4.2.11 节，体力活动）妊娠相关并发症（宫内生长受限、妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病）（6.5 节，《女性人群，含妊娠与激素治疗》）血脂异常（低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、脂蛋白 (a)）（4.2.6 节，《血脂管理》）家族性高胆固醇血症烟草使用（4.2.3 节，《烟草制品》）其他因素（心理状态、睡眠质量、健康的社会决定因素（4.1.4 节，《健康的社会决定因素》、4.2.2 节，《精神健康》）早发冠心病家族史胸部放射治疗史缩写说明： ART 代表抗逆转录病毒治疗；AS 代表强直性脊柱炎；CCD 代表慢性冠心病；Ch9p21 代表 9 号染色体 p21 基因位点；HDP 代表妊娠期高血压疾病；HIV 代表人类免疫缺陷病毒；IBD 代表炎症性肠病；IUGR 代表宫内生长受限；LDL-C 代表低密度脂蛋白胆固醇；Lp (a) 代表脂蛋白 (a)；PsA 代表银屑病关节炎；RA 代表类风湿关节炎；SLE 代表系统性红斑狼疮。经施普林格自然授权改编自 Mahtta D 等人文献 ¹⁸，版权 2020。表 19 青年慢性冠心病非动脉粥样硬化病因：评估与治疗方案病因临床表现治疗管理方案川崎病・远期后遗症：冠状动脉瘤、冠脉狭窄、血栓形成、冠脉瘘・需终身随访，定期量化评估冠脉管腔内径・中小型冠状动脉瘤：长期小剂量阿司匹林治疗・大型冠状动脉瘤：小剂量阿司匹林联合抗凝药物冠状动脉先天畸形・左冠状动脉起源于肺动脉・冠状动脉异常起源于对侧瓦氏窦，走行于两大动脉之间・左冠状动脉起源于肺动脉：外科矫治手术，将左冠状动脉移植至主动脉根部・冠脉起源对侧瓦氏窦、动脉间走行，且运动诱发心肌缺血症状的青年患者，建议外科矫正心肌桥・运动诱发心肌缺血・冠脉血管痉挛・心源性猝死・有症状患者使用 β 受体阻滞剂・仅可进行低强度运动・药物治疗无效、症状顽固者行外科手术矫正缩写释义 CCD：慢性冠心病推荐意见配套佐证正文推荐1： AFIJI（青年缺血性患者危险因素评估与强化干预价值研究）为一项前瞻性多中心队列研究，纳入确诊冠心病时年龄≤45 岁的青年患者开展评估 ¹。长期随访结果显示，糖尿病与当前吸烟状态会升高主要不良心血管事件复发风险。此外，慢性炎症状态（如人类免疫缺陷病毒感染、病毒性肝炎、全身性自身免疫病）与整体不良临床结局相关。近期 YOUNG-MI（青年急性心肌梗死患者预后性别差异难题研究）¹⁵与 VITAL2 登记研究也得出相似结论，强调青年冠心病患者既要管控传统心血管代谢危险因素，也不能忽视各类非传统风险增强因素。对于青年慢性冠心病患者，烟草、电子烟、高血压、糖尿病等传统危险因素的归因风险虽高于非传统危险因素，但慢性炎症、遗传因素（9 号染色体 p21 基因位点、脂蛋白 (a)）、消遣性药物滥用等特殊危险因素仍是临床重点干预靶点。（译者注：9 号染色体 p21 基因位点基因型与CAD之间的关联似乎与经典心血管疾病风险因素（包括高血压和高脂血症）无关，虽然有研究发现某些亚型似乎会增高血脂。该基因突变在非洲裔人群跟CCD无关。但在亚裔可以看到。但与传统危险因素相比，尚未证实9p21 SNP能够在预测CAD风险时显著提高风险分层或分类的精确性）全面筛查并积极干预炎症性疾病、消遣性物质滥用等非传统心血管危险因素（表 18），有助于降低青年慢性冠心病患者的心血管事件风险 ¹⁻³,¹⁶,¹⁷。临床还应优先排查青年慢性冠心病的非动脉粥样硬化诱因（冠脉先天畸形、冠脉痉挛、自发性冠脉夹层）（详见 6.1 节《原有心脏疾病与相关病症》、6.5 节《女性人群，含妊娠与激素治疗》）。 6.4 慢性冠心病合并肿瘤肿瘤相关推荐意见推荐等级 (COR) 证据等级 (LOE) 推荐内容 Ⅰ 类推荐 C-LD 1. 对于合并慢性冠心病的肿瘤患者，建议组建包含心血管科与肿瘤科专业人员的多学科诊疗团队，以改善远期心血管疾病结局 ¹,²。支撑本推荐意见的相关研究文献汇总于在线补充资料。概要肿瘤与慢性冠心病存在共同病理生理机制 ³⁻⁵，二者是全球两大主要死亡原因⁶，且拥有多种共同危险因素，包括久坐、肥胖、吸烟、糖尿病及年龄因素⁴,⁷。肿瘤与心血管疾病共病情况愈发多见，但合并慢性冠心病的肿瘤患者往往治疗不足⁴，且发生心血管不良事件风险较高。临床常用化疗与放射治疗可产生心脏毒性⁸,⁹，部分细胞毒性化疗药物会升高心血管疾病危险因素水平 ¹⁰。美国心脏协会 2022 年发布心脏肿瘤学药物相互作用科学声明，提出肿瘤科与心血管专科医师需开展沟通协作 ¹¹。若因肿瘤治疗暂停慢性冠心病相关药物，应尽早恢复用药。美国心脏协会 2019 年发布科学声明，支持为心血管功能损伤高风险患者开展心脏肿瘤康复治疗 ²。推荐意见配套佐证正文推荐1：应组建心脏-肿瘤多学科团队，于肿瘤治疗前对患者开展评估，并在整个治疗周期内持续监测病情 ¹⁰。长期登记研究显示，肿瘤诊疗引入多学科协作团队后，患者心血管预后得到改善。暂无多学科团队的医疗机构，临床医师应根据情况将患者转诊至对应专科 ¹,¹²。心脏-肿瘤学是新兴亚专科，核心目标是在保障肿瘤有效治疗的同时，最大限度降低心血管不良事件风险 ¹³。心脏-肿瘤团队全程参与肿瘤患者诊疗全流程，包括治疗前风险评估、方案选择、处理肿瘤治疗带来的复杂心血管不良反应，以及降低患者生存期远期心血管疾病高发风险。该团队协同管理两专科交叉疾病，例如用于静脉血栓栓塞预防的抗血小板治疗。合并慢性冠心病的局部晚期或转移性肿瘤患者，动脉血栓与心血管不良事件风险升高。若患者尚未接受抗凝治疗，临床医师可对筛选后的高危门诊肿瘤患者选用阿哌沙班、利伐沙班或低分子肝素进行血栓预防 ¹⁴。合并慢性冠心病的多病共存患者管理方案详见 4.1.1 节《团队协作诊疗模式》、4.1.2 节《患者健康教育》、4.1.4 节《健康的社会决定因素》。 6.5 女性人群（含妊娠与绝经后激素治疗）女性人群（含妊娠与绝经后激素治疗）推荐意见分类推荐等级 (COR) 证据等级 (LOE) 推荐内容妊娠 Ⅰ 类推荐 C-LD 1. 计划妊娠或已妊娠的慢性冠心病女性，需开展风险分层，并就母体不良结局、产科并发症及胎儿不良结局相关风险开展健康宣教 ¹⁻⁴。妊娠 Ⅰ 类推荐 C-LD 2. 计划妊娠或已妊娠的慢性冠心病女性，应从孕前开始接受心脏 - 产科多学科团队诊疗，贯穿妊娠期、分娩期及产后全程，改善母婴结局 ¹,²,⁵。妊娠 Ⅱb 类推荐 C-LD 3. 慢性冠心病女性妊娠期可考虑持续使用他汀类药物⁶。妊娠 Ⅲ 类推荐（有害） C-LD 4. 计划妊娠或已妊娠的慢性冠心病女性，妊娠期禁用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、血管紧张素 Ⅱ 受体拮抗剂、直接肾素抑制剂、血管紧张素受体脑啡肽酶抑制剂、醛固酮受体拮抗剂，防止胎儿受损 ²,⁷,⁸。绝经后激素治疗 Ⅲ 类推荐（有害） A 级 5. 慢性冠心病女性不推荐全身应用绝经后激素治疗；该治疗无法减少主要不良心血管事件及死亡风险，且会升高静脉血栓栓塞发生风险⁹⁻¹¹。支撑本推荐意见的相关研究文献汇总于在线补充资料。概要已发表登记研究显示，妊娠期女性慢性冠心病患病率较低，仅＜2%～3.6%¹²⁻¹⁴。妊娠带来多项生理改变，会增加心肌负荷、影响心肌灌注，进而诱发急性心血管事件，包括循环血容量、每搏输出量、心率、心输出量升高；全身血管阻力、舒张压、左室舒张末压下降；同时存在生理性贫血、血液高凝状态 ²,¹⁵。慢性冠心病女性一旦妊娠，母体与胎儿不良结局风险显著升高 ¹,³，最优管理方案为心脏 - 产科多学科团队全程照护 ¹⁶。药物治疗需兼顾母体获益与胎儿风险平衡⁷。多项临床试验针对慢性冠心病女性评估绝经后激素治疗，部分研究以冠脉造影指标为终点 ¹⁷⁻²⁰，部分研究观察心绞痛、发病率及死亡率⁹,¹⁰,²¹⁻²³；试验方案分为单用雌激素（无子宫女性）、雌激素联合孕激素（有子宫女性）。所有试验均未证实激素治疗可减少心血管事件复发，且静脉血栓栓塞风险显著升高。目前尚无随机对照试验评估经皮激素制剂对主要不良心血管事件及死亡的影响。推荐意见配套佐证正文一项纳入 37 项研究、116 名慢性冠心病女性共 124 次妊娠的系统综述 ¹ 显示，32% 的妊娠发生心血管并发症，其中缺血性心血管事件占 9%；产科并发症、胎儿 / 新生儿并发症发生率分别为 58%、42%，仅 21% 妊娠全程无并发症。另一项纳入 79 名慢性冠心病女性（92 次≥24 周妊娠）的研究显示，66% 发生心脏不良事件，14% 出现子痫前期；25% 婴儿早产，25% 为小于胎龄儿 ¹³。CARPREG II（心脏疾病患者妊娠结局）前瞻性登记研究证实，慢性冠心病病史是心脏不良事件独立危险因素（比值比 3.0，95% 置信区间 1.1–7.6）³。计划妊娠的慢性冠心病女性（含既往自发性冠脉夹层患者，6.1.1 节），需采用 CARPREG II 等经验证工具完成全面评估与风险分层（表 20），并充分告知母体与胎儿潜在风险 ²,¹⁵。妊娠期间药物吸收、分布容积、血清蛋白结合率、脏器清除率、子宫胎盘血流、胎儿代谢均发生改变，药物药代动力学随之变化⁷。备孕阶段即应优化用药方案，保障妊娠期与哺乳期全程安全 ²,⁷。妊娠期与哺乳期常用心血管药物推荐详见表 21。心脏 - 产科多学科团队（图 10）需在孕前完成患者评估，孕期全程监测，周密规划分娩流程，并于产后密切随访：调整哺乳期用药、监测心血管并发症、管控心血管危险因素、指导避孕方案⁵,¹⁶。长期登记数据显示，引入多学科团队可改善妊娠结局 ¹。暂无多学科团队的医疗机构，临床医师应按需将患者转诊至对应专科。他汀类药物自 1987 年获批上市起，说明书均标注妊娠期禁用；2021 年 7 月美国食品药品监督管理局发布指南，要求删除所有他汀制剂的妊娠期禁忌标注⁶。2015 年美国一项基于倾向性评分的分析纳入 886996 例活产妊娠，其中 1152 例孕早期暴露他汀，胎儿畸形风险升高 1.79 倍；校正糖尿病等混杂因素后，相对风险降至 1.07（95% 置信区间 0.85–1.37），风险差异无统计学意义 ²⁴。 2014 年一项荟萃分析同样证实，孕期使用他汀未增加出生缺陷风险，但流产风险升高，作者认为该结果由母体基础合并症导致 ²⁵。2017 年英国全科医疗数据库分析显示，他汀暴露妊娠胎儿丢失风险升高 1.64 倍，但无法完全平衡暴露组与非暴露组基线差异 ²⁶。美国食品药品监督管理局认为现有数据不足以判定他汀是否升高流产风险。他汀类药物哺乳期仍禁用（表 21）。杂合子或纯合子家族性高胆固醇血症合并慢性冠心病女性，可考虑脂蛋白分离术治疗 ²⁷。血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、血管紧张素 Ⅱ 受体拮抗剂、直接肾素抑制剂、血管紧张素受体脑啡肽酶抑制剂可造成胎儿肾脏发育不全、胎儿少尿继发羊水过少、新生儿无尿性肾衰、宫内生长受限、肺发育不全、胎死宫内，孕中晚期使用危害尤为显著⁸。贝那普利、卡托普利、依那普利哺乳期使用安全⁷。醛固酮受体拮抗剂存在抗雄激素作用、潜在致畸风险，妊娠期禁用；哺乳期同样禁止使用⁷。激素治疗二级预防相关试验数据 ¹¹ 显示，激素治疗无法降低心血管死亡、非致死性心肌梗死、卒中、心绞痛、冠脉血运重建风险，且静脉血栓栓塞风险显著上升（相对风险 2.02，95% 置信区间 1.13–3.62）。多项冠脉造影终点试验 ¹⁷⁻²⁰证实，单用雌激素或雌孕激素联合方案均无法延缓自体冠脉病变进展。EAGAR（阿司匹林对妊娠与生殖的影响）研究 ²⁰发现，激素治疗会加快自体冠脉病变进展，但可减缓大隐静脉桥血管病变进展，该差异机制尚不明确。一项针对既往静脉血栓栓塞女性的激素治疗试验同样证实血栓栓塞风险升高 ²⁸。慢性冠心病女性口服避孕药相关风险研究尚不充分。一篇近期雌激素与血栓相关综述 ²⁹指出，合并慢性冠心病或卒中病史女性应避免复方激素类避孕药、醋酸甲羟孕酮长效针剂，两类避孕方式均会升高血栓风险 ³⁰,³¹。表 20 CARPREG II 风险预测模型第一部分：CARPREG II 预测因素及对应分值 CARPREG II 预测因素分值既往心脏事件或心律失常 3 基线纽约心脏协会（NYHA）心功能 Ⅲ～Ⅳ 级或存在发绀 3 人工心脏瓣膜 3 心室功能不全 2 高危左侧瓣膜病合并左室流出道梗阻 2 肺动脉高压 2 冠心病 2 高危主动脉病变 2 无心脏手术干预史 1 妊娠晚期完善心脏评估 1 第二部分：CARPREG II 总分与预测风险（%） CARPREG II 总分预测风险（%） 0～1 分 5 2 分 10 3 分 15 4 分 22 ＞4 分 41 CARPREG（妊娠期心脏疾病研究）Ⅱ 风险评分包含上表所示 10 项预测指标，每项指标分配加权分值，各项分值相加即为风险总分，总分划分为 5 个风险层级。该模型推导队列、验证队列中主要心脏不良事件 * 的预测发生率与实际观测数据可查阅 CARPREG II 研究原文：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.02.076。缩写说明： CAD 代表冠心病；HF 代表心力衰竭；LVOT 代表左室流出道；MI 代表心肌梗死；NYHA 代表纽约心脏协会心功能分级；TIA 代表短暂性脑缺血发作。经美国心脏病学会基金会授权改编自 Silversides CK 等人文献 ³，版权 2018。 * 主要心脏不良事件定义包含以下任意一种情况：母体心源性死亡、心脏骤停、需干预治疗的持续性心律失常、以肺水肿为表现的左心衰竭、右心衰竭、卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作、心脏血栓栓塞、心肌梗死、血管夹层。表 21 心血管药物在妊娠期与哺乳期的安全性药物类别 / 药物名称妊娠期安全性哺乳期安全性抗心律失常药腺苷 S LD 美托洛尔 / 普萘洛尔 S LD 地高辛 S S 利多卡因 S S 维拉帕米 LD LD 地尔硫卓 LD U 普鲁卡因胺 LD LD 索他洛尔 LD U 氟卡尼 LD LD 普罗帕酮 LD LD 胺碘酮 * C C 心力衰竭治疗药物美托洛尔 S LD 卡维地洛 S U 呋塞米 S LD 布美他尼 S U 多巴胺 S U 多巴酚丁胺 S U 去甲肾上腺素 S U 肼屈嗪 LD S 硝酸甘油 LD U 二硝酸异山梨酯 LD U 托拉塞米 LD U 美托拉宗 LD U 抗凝药物华法林 LD S 普通肝素 S S 依诺肝素 S S 磺达肝癸钠 LD U 阿加曲班 LD U 比伐芦定 LD U 抗血小板药物小剂量阿司匹林 LD LD 氯吡格雷 LD LD 普拉格雷 LD U 替格瑞洛 LD U 溶栓药物阿替普酶 LD U 链激酶 LD U 降压药物拉贝洛尔 S LD 硝苯地平 S S 口服 α- 甲基多巴 S S 肼屈嗪 LD S 硝酸甘油 LD U 硝普钠 LD LD 二硝酸异山梨酯 LD U 氨氯地平 LD LD 呋塞米 S LD 氢氯噻嗪 LD S 可乐定 LD U 妊娠期慎用与禁用药物阿替洛尔 C LD 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂类† C LD 血管紧张素 Ⅱ 受体拮抗剂类 C U 醛固酮受体拮抗剂 C C 他汀类药物 LD C 口服直接抗凝药 C C 内皮素受体拮抗剂（如波生坦） C C 标识释义 C：禁用；LD：相关数据有限，谨慎使用；S：视为安全；U：研究数据存在矛盾，安全性尚不明确。缩写说明 ACE：血管紧张素转换酶；ARB：血管紧张素 Ⅱ 受体拮抗剂；DOAC：口服直接抗凝药；ERA：内皮素受体拮抗剂。经美国心脏病学会基金会授权改编自 Halpern DG 等人文献⁷，版权 2019。其他药物治疗无效时方可选用胺碘酮。 †卡托普利、贝那普利、依那普利在哺乳期使用安全。（译者注：新近研究认为，依那普利、卡托普利、喹那普利、贝那普利、沙库巴曲缬沙坦和坎地沙坦可在哺乳期使用，但对于有血流动力学不稳定的儿童还是应该慎重。）图 10 心脏 - 产科多学科团队诊疗全流程示意图心脏 - 产科诊疗模式由多学科专科医师协同协作，并与患者共同配合，全程管理从孕前、妊娠期、分娩期至产后阶段的各类相关问题。图 10 心脏 - 产科多学科团队诊疗全流程示意图中文解读中心核心：心脏 - 产科团队与患者环绕协作科室（环形模块）心脏 - 产科专科专家心血管内科母胎医学产科基层全科麻醉科护理部临床药学社会工作部其他专科医师全周期诊疗六阶段流程一、孕前阶段避孕方案指导优化基础身体状况调整治疗药物风险评估工具：改良 WHO 风险分层、CARPREG II 评分、ZAHARA 评分二、妊娠期多学科团队协同照护患者定期动态监测病情分娩方案规划，平衡母体与胎儿风险三、分娩期分娩方式：优先推荐阴道分娩椎管内麻醉监护措施：常规脉搏血氧监测，必要时心电遥测监护四、产后阶段监测时长：至少 48 小时评估并处理心血管并发症向患者宣教各类并发症相关症状五、产后第四阶段（产褥远期）出院后 3～7 天随访产后 6 周完成全面综合评估可增设线上远程复诊避孕方案指导六、长期随访管理筛查存在妊娠相关不良结局的女性：先兆子痫、妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病、早产、小于胎龄儿分娩史开展心血管疾病风险筛查缩写释义： APO：不良妊娠结局； CARPREG II：妊娠期心脏疾病研究； CVD：心血管疾病； mWHO：改良版世界卫生组织妊娠心脏病风险分级； ZAHARA：先天性心脏病女性妊娠研究（荷兰语原名：Zwangerschap bij Aangeboren HARtAfwijking）。经美国心脏病学会基金会授权改编自 Davis MB 等人文献 ¹⁶，版权 2021。已有研究证实，跨性别女性心血管疾病风险升高；与顺性别女性相比，其静脉血栓栓塞、急性心肌梗死、卒中发生率更高，但该风险水平未必高于顺性别男性 ²⁹,³²。此类心血管风险升高至少部分与激素治疗相关。目前尚不明确，合并慢性冠心病是否会进一步增加接受激素治疗的跨性别女性的心血管事件风险，仍有待后续相关研究开展验证。术语注释 transwomen：跨性别女性（出生时指派男性性别，自我认同为女性） ciswomen：顺性别女性（出生指派性别与自我认同性别一致的女性） cismen：顺性别男性 CCD：慢性冠心病 6.6 老年人群概要美国心脏协会、美国心脏病学会与美国老年病学会近期联合发布的声明将老年患者定义为年龄≥75 岁人群 ¹，该群体慢性冠心病患病率高，且一旦患病，冠脉高危解剖病变的发生概率更高 ²。多项回顾性研究、观察性研究及亚组分析证实，老年患者规范药物治疗 ³⁻⁶、必要时血运重建术⁷⁻¹⁷均可获益，但现实中老年患者接受规范治疗的比例偏低 ¹⁸。专门针对老年人群开展的随机对照试验数量稀缺，临床医师缺乏充足数据支撑诊疗决策；现有研究对 “老年” 界定标准不统一，部分研究甚至将 60 岁人群纳入老年研究队列。此外，多数研究同时纳入急性冠脉综合征与慢性冠心病患者，难以区分不同临床场景下各类治疗方案的真实疗效。老年慢性冠心病患者常合并多种共存疾病、多重用药，进一步增加治疗相关并发症风险，为诊疗带来挑战。临床需结合患者合并症数量、用药种类综合评估，部分场景下可优先选择替代药物或介入 / 外科方案（β 受体阻滞剂 ¹⁹、抗凝与抗血小板药物⁹,²⁰⁻²³、冠脉造影 ²⁴、冠状动脉旁路移植术 ²⁵⁻²⁹、心脏康复 ³⁰,³¹）。例如一项纳入 6 项随机对照试验的荟萃分析，对比老年患者短期与长期双联抗血小板治疗方案 ²¹：短期双联抗血小板治疗不会升高心血管事件风险，却能显著降低大出血风险。同时，适用于普通慢性冠心病患者的传统风险评分体系需调整优化，才能精准评估老年患者的事件风险 ³²,³³。老年人群衰弱状态 ³⁴⁻³⁷、营养不良 ³⁸⁻⁴¹、认知功能减退发生率更高，上述因素均会导致预后变差、治疗应答不佳。同等重要的是，老年患者治疗诉求更侧重维持生活自理能力、活动能力与机体功能状态，而非单纯降低死亡风险 ³。在制定老年患者治疗方案时，团队协作诊疗（4.1.1 节）与医患共同决策（4.1.3 节）尤为关键。老年病诊疗 “5M” 评估框架（表 22）可作为医患沟通、制定诊疗方案的实用工具⁴²。表 22 老年病诊疗五大核心要素（5M 框架）五大核心要素涵盖内容心智（MIND）认知功能、痴呆、谵妄、抑郁活动能力（MOBILITY）步态与平衡功能受损、跌倒损伤预防药物（MEDICATIONS）多重用药、药物精简、优化处方；药物不良反应、用药负担多重复杂问题（MULTICOMPLEXITY）多种共存慢性病；复杂生物 - 心理 - 社会综合状况核心诉求（MATTERS MOST）患者自身重视的健康结局目标与诊疗偏好经加拿大老年病学会授权改编自 Molnar F 等人文献⁴²（2017 年），同时经加拿大家庭医师学会授权改编自 Molnar F 相关文献（2019 年）。老年 5M 框架版权 ©2017 Frank Molnar、Allen Huang、Mary Tinetti（2017 年）。本框架可用于教学用途，使用时需完整标注来源，不得擅自修改内容。本作品遵循知识共享署名 - 非商业性使用 - 禁止演绎 4.0 协议（CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0），协议链接：https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/。 6.7 慢性肾脏病慢性肾脏病相关推荐意见推荐等级 (COR) 证据等级 (LOE) 推荐内容 Ⅰ 类推荐 C-LD 1. 对于合并慢性肾脏病的慢性冠心病患者，应采取相关措施，最大限度降低治疗相关急性肾损伤风险 *¹⁻³。支撑本推荐意见的相关研究文献汇总于在线补充资料。 ∗改编自 2021 年美国心脏病学会 / 美国心脏协会 / 心血管造影与介入学会冠脉血运重建指南⁴。概要慢性肾脏病会加速冠心病病变进展，且患者接受介入治疗后预后不佳⁵⁻⁸。血液透析患者年死亡率约 20%，其中约 50% 死亡原因为心血管疾病⁹⁻¹²。尸检研究发现，慢性肾脏病患者不仅动脉粥样硬化负荷更重，粥样斑块病变程度也更严重，且伴随炎症水平升高 ¹³⁻¹⁵。尽管该人群冠心病高发，但无创诊断检查的准确度往往偏低 ²⁰⁻²⁴。临床试验纳入的慢性肾脏病患者样本占比不足，且各研究对慢性肾脏病的界定标准不统一，导致药物与介入治疗相关指导证据有限。由于基础肾脏疾病会改变风险获益平衡，目前尚无法确定标准药物治疗在肾病患者中能否达到同等疗效 ¹⁷,¹⁸⁻²¹。在缺乏针对性随机对照试验数据的前提下，慢性肾脏病患者可采用与无肾病患者一致的药物治疗方案 ²²。鉴于心肾疾病之间存在复杂相互影响，采用多团队协作诊疗模式（4.1.1 节），组建心血管专科与肾脏专科团队共同参与、落实医患共同决策（4.1.3 节）可使患者获益；在制定血运重建等治疗方案时尤为重要，需权衡短期风险降低与长期获益 ²³,²⁴。患者健康教育、健康的社会决定因素相关内容详见本指南 4.1.2 节、4.1.4 节。推荐意见配套佐证正文 ISCHEMIA-CKD（药物保守与介入治疗对比国际缺血性心脏病研究 - 慢性肾脏病亚组）试验纳入中重度心肌缺血、估算肾小球滤过率＜30 mL/(min・1.73m²) 或维持透析的患者，结果显示，在指南导向药物治疗基础上额外行血运重建并不能改善患者预后；提示仅在规范药物治疗后仍存在症状的患者，才考虑血运重建，该结论厘清了既往研究存在的矛盾结论⁸,²⁵,²⁶。临床确需实施经皮冠脉介入治疗时，多数慢性肾脏病患者不可因造影剂相关急性肾损伤风险而放弃手术⁴。临床可通过多种手段降低造影剂肾病风险：避免联用肾毒性药物、注射碘造影剂前充分水化 ²⁷⁻²⁹、尽可能减少造影剂使用剂量 ³⁰,³¹。此外，大剂量他汀类药物可能降低造影剂诱发急性肾损伤的发生风险 ³²。（译者注：他汀类药物降低造影剂诱发急性肾损伤的风险仍有争议。原则上，需要他汀治疗的病人并不因为造影剂而停用。不过，目前不刻意为减少急性肾损伤而启动他汀治疗）选择桡动脉入路可减轻动脉粥样硬化栓子脱落诱发肾损伤的风险 ³³⁻³⁵，但相关研究结论仍存在争议 ³⁶,³⁷。对于病情稳定患者，若临床条件允许，可在冠脉造影 24 小时后再开展冠状动脉旁路移植术，有助于降低急性肾损伤风险 ³⁸。碳酸氢钠、N - 乙酰半胱氨酸用于预防急性肾损伤的效果并不优于生理盐水 ³⁹。 6.8 人类免疫缺陷病毒感染与自身免疫性疾病人类免疫缺陷病毒感染、自身免疫性疾病相关推荐意见分类推荐等级 (COR) 证据等级 (LOE) 推荐内容 HIV感染 Ⅰ 类推荐 B-R 级 1. 合并慢性冠心病的 HIV 感染成人，使用抗逆转录病毒治疗可降低心血管事件风险，可获益 ¹,²。 HIV感染 Ⅱa 类推荐 B-R 级 2. 合并慢性冠心病的 HIV 感染成人，综合考量药物间相互作用后，优先选用对血脂、心血管风险指标更友好的抗逆转录病毒治疗方案是合理的 ³⁻⁵。 HIV感染 Ⅲ 类推荐（有害） C-LD 级 3. 合并慢性冠心病的 HIV 感染成人，洛伐他汀、辛伐他汀不可与蛋白酶抑制剂联用，该联用方案会带来健康损害⁶,⁷。慢性冠心病合并自身免疫病 Ⅱa 类推荐 C-LD 级 4. 合并慢性冠心病的类风湿关节炎成人，启动并长期维持改善病情抗风湿药治疗，有助于降低心血管事件风险⁸⁻¹¹。慢性冠心病合并自身免疫病 Ⅱb 类推荐 C-LD 级 5. 合并慢性冠心病的自身免疫病成人，可选用生物制剂及其他免疫调节药物控制疾病活动度，以期降低心血管事件风险 ¹⁰,¹¹。慢性冠心病合并自身免疫病 Ⅲ 类推荐（有害） C-LD 级 6. 合并慢性冠心病的类风湿关节炎患者，若存在替代治疗方案，则禁止长期大剂量使用糖皮质激素；该方案会升高心血管疾病风险 ¹¹,¹²。支撑本推荐意见的相关研究文献汇总于在线补充资料。概要人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染与其他慢性炎症性疾病均会加速动脉粥样硬化、促使心血管疾病提早发生。2018 年美国心脏病学会 / 美国心脏协会血脂指南提出，慢性炎症性疾病属于风险增强因素，临床医师需结合该因素与患者沟通血脂管控方案 ¹³。与年龄、性别匹配的健康对照人群相比，HIV 感染者冠心病、心肌梗死发病风险更高 ¹⁴。风险升高的诱因包括 HIV 病毒本身、抗逆转录病毒治疗 ¹⁵，以及该人群传统可调控危险因素高发⁶。新一代抗逆转录病毒方案对血脂影响更温和，还可改善动脉粥样硬化亚临床标志物。同理，类风湿关节炎、银屑病关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、炎症性肠病等自身免疫病新型治疗药物虽可能扰乱血脂谱，但临床应优先选用无激素方案充分控制疾病活动度，以此降低心血管事件风险 ¹⁰。 HIV 及各类慢性炎症疾病的治疗药物更新迭代快、相互作用复杂，建议由包含感染科、风湿免疫科（或双专科联合）的多学科团队全程管理患者。推荐意见配套佐证正文 SMART（抗逆转录病毒治疗管理策略）试验证实：对比持续规律服用抗逆转录病毒药物，间断停药方案会升高机会性感染、全因死亡（含心血管源性死亡）风险 ¹。持续用药组心肌梗死年发生率 0.8/100 人年，间断停药组为 1.3/100 人年。CD4 细胞计数越高、HIV 病毒载量越低，动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病风险越低⁶,¹⁶,¹⁷。 HIV 患者额外升高的心血管风险部分来源于抗逆转录病毒药物的不良反应，其中包含血脂紊乱。合并慢性冠心病的 HIV 感染者，选用对血脂、心血管风险更友好的新一代抗逆转录病毒方案具备合理性 ³⁻⁵，例如小剂量利托那韦增效的蛋白酶抑制剂、含阿扎那韦 - 利托那韦的组合（常用抗逆转录病毒药物对血脂的影响详见表 23）。一项随机对照研究显示，将利托那韦增效蛋白酶抑制剂更换为多替拉韦核心方案，病毒抑制效果非劣效，同时低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平下降 7.7%，血脂指标改善 ³。美国现行指南提出，合并心血管疾病的 HIV 感染者应停用含阿巴卡韦的方案，该药物可能提升心血管事件风险⁴,¹⁸。 HIV 患者服用抗逆转录病毒药物时药物相互作用普遍存在，启动或强化他汀治疗管控慢性冠心病时必须加以考量⁶,⁷,¹⁹,²⁰。普伐他汀、匹伐他汀与抗逆转录病毒药物发生相互作用的概率最低；若需强效降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇，合并慢性冠心病的 HIV 感染者可优先选用瑞舒伐他汀、阿托伐他汀 ²⁰,²¹。合并慢性冠心病的 HIV 患者高甘油三酯血症遵循标准诊疗路径处理 ²²；甘油三酯≥500 mg/dL 时需药物干预，降低胰腺炎发病风险。替格瑞洛等抗血小板药物经 CYP3A 通路代谢，与蛋白酶抑制剂联用会发生药物相互作用，提升出血风险 ²³。洛伐他汀、辛伐他汀经由肠道与肝脏 CYP3A4 酶代谢，与蛋白酶抑制剂联用时血药浓度大幅升高，横纹肌溶解风险显著增加，因此禁止联用⁶,⁷,²⁴。类风湿关节炎及其他自身免疫病患者，除传统心血管危险因素外，还存在持续性炎症带来的额外心血管风险。多项观察性研究证实，甲氨蝶呤等改善病情抗风湿药可降低类风湿关节炎患者心血管事件风险 ¹⁰。一项单中心观察研究显示，类风湿关节炎患者使用生物类改善病情抗风湿药后，冠脉 CT 血管成像提示粥样斑块趋于稳定、体积缩小 ²⁵。用于类风湿关节炎、银屑病关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、溃疡性结肠炎等自身免疫病的 Janus 激酶抑制剂、肿瘤坏死因子抑制剂及其他免疫调节剂，可通过抑制疾病活动、减轻全身炎症，减少心血管事件发生 ¹¹,²⁶,²⁷。使用上述药物同时，需严格管控传统心血管危险因素（详见 4.2.6 节《血脂管理》、4.2.7 节《血压管理》、4.2.8 节《钠 - 葡萄糖协同转运蛋白 2 抑制剂与胰高糖素样肽 - 1 受体激动剂》）。多项观察性研究显示，类风湿关节炎患者长期大剂量使用糖皮质激素（泼尼松≥5 mg / 日），心血管事件风险显著升高 ¹²。该风险关联仅见于长期高剂量激素人群，无激素治疗方案 ¹¹、短期激素使用（6 个月内累计用药时长＜81 天，累计剂量＜751 mg）不会增加心血管风险 ¹²。仅用于自身免疫病急性发作的短期激素疗程，基本不会升高心血管事件风险。缩写释义 HIV：人类免疫缺陷病毒 CCD：慢性冠心病 ASCVD：动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病 LDL-C：低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 CCTA：冠状动脉 CT 血管成像 CYP3A4：细胞色素 P450 3A4 酶表 23 常用抗逆转录病毒药物及其对血脂水平的影响药物类别药物名称对血脂的影响蛋白酶抑制剂阿扎那韦升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇，降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇达芦那韦升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇福沙匹坦诱发高甘油三酯血症利托那韦 * 升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇沙奎那韦对血脂无明显影响替拉那韦引发血脂紊乱核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂（NRTIs）阿巴卡韦升高总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇拉米夫定升高总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇富马酸替诺福韦二吡呋酯降低低密度脂蛋白水平齐多夫定诱发高甘油三酯血症非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂（NNRTIs）依非韦伦升高总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯奈韦拉平对血脂无影响或降低血脂水平利匹韦林对血脂无明显影响整合酶抑制剂多替拉韦对血脂无明显影响拉替拉韦升高高密度脂蛋白水平缩写释义 HDL：高密度脂蛋白；HDL-C：高密度脂蛋白胆固醇；LDL：低密度脂蛋白；LDL-C：低密度脂蛋白胆固醇；NNRTI：非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂；NRTI：核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂经施普林格自然出版社授权改编自 Hsue PY 等人文献⁶，版权 2019。 ∗利托那韦虽属于蛋白酶抑制剂，但临床通常仅作为药代动力学增效剂使用。 6.9 心脏移植受者心脏移植物血管病变心脏移植受者心脏移植物血管病变管理推荐意见推荐等级 (COR) 证据等级 (LOE) 推荐内容 Ⅰ 类推荐 C-LD 1. 心脏移植物血管病变患者推荐使用他汀类药物进行二级预防，降低主要不良心血管事件发生风险 ¹。 Ⅱa 类推荐 C-LD 2. 心脏移植物血管病变患者使用阿司匹林开展二级预防，有助于减少主要不良心血管事件 ²。 Ⅱa 类推荐 C-LD 3. 重度心脏移植物血管病变患者，若冠脉解剖条件适宜，可行血运重建术，有望减轻该病变带来的远期不良后果 *³⁻⁶。支撑本推荐意见的相关研究文献汇总于在线补充资料。 ∗改编自 2021 年美国心脏病学会 / 美国心脏协会 / 心血管造影与介入学会冠脉血运重建指南⁷。概要心脏移植术后心脏移植物血管病变，是导致移植受者远期死亡、再次心脏移植的首要原因⁸。心脏移植后，心脏移植物血管病变的发病率随时间推移持续升高：术后 5 年发病率约 30%，术后 10 年约 50%⁸。冠脉造影是目前临床公认的心脏移植物血管病变筛查与诊断标准手段 ³,⁹；血管内超声可作为造影的有效补充，能够检出造影无法发现的隐匿性移植物血管病变 ¹⁰。生活方式干预、严格管控心血管危险因素，对心脏移植物血管病变的一级、二级预防均至关重要 ³,¹¹。无论是否已确诊心脏移植物血管病变，心脏移植术后患者早期使用他汀、阿司匹林，联合高强度间歇训练，均可延缓病变进展 ¹,²,¹²。对于存在严重、近段、局限性血管病变的心脏移植物血管病变患者，经皮冠脉介入治疗可带来获益；第二代药物洗脱支架能够降低支架内再狭窄发生率⁴⁻⁷。冠状动脉旁路移植术适用范围极窄，仅用于冠脉解剖条件理想的高度筛选患者；对于病变严重、无法实施血运重建的患者，仅能选择再次心脏移植 ³。对于已确诊心脏移植物血管病变的移植受者，尽早将霉酚酸酯、硫唑嘌呤或钙调磷酸酶抑制剂替换为增殖信号抑制剂，可延缓病变进展，但会升高 2 级及以上排斥反应发生风险 ¹³⁻¹⁷。心脏康复相关内容详见 4.2.10 节。推荐意见配套佐证正文多项随机对照试验证实，心脏移植术后早期启动辛伐他汀或普伐他汀治疗，可降低心脏移植物血管病变的发病风险 ¹⁸,¹⁹。但目前尚无随机对照试验评估他汀类药物用于心脏移植物血管病变二级预防的安全性与疗效。一项纳入 409 例心脏移植受者（含合并 / 不合并移植物血管病变人群）的回顾性观察研究，中位随访 8.2 年：术后 2 年内早期启动他汀治疗，对比术后 2 年以上延迟用药，可显著延缓血管内超声下斑块体积、斑块指数反映的病变进展，同时降低移植物血管病变相关事件（移植物衰竭、心肌梗死、介入再手术）及全因死亡合并血管病变事件复合终点的发生风险 ¹。心脏移植受者他汀药物种类、剂量尚无统一标准，需结合患者同期使用的其他药物（尤其是免疫抑制剂）综合选择（表 24）²⁰。 2006—2018 年 346 例成人心脏移植患者的回顾性分析显示，中高强度他汀治疗较低强度方案，可显著降低因心力衰竭住院、心肌梗死、冠脉血运重建、全因死亡构成的主要复合终点事件风险 ²¹。临床常在心脏移植术后早期启用阿司匹林，用于预防心脏移植物血管病变。尽管尚无随机对照试验证实阿司匹林的获益，但多项单中心小样本回顾性研究支持术后早期使用阿司匹林 ²,²²⁻²⁴。一项纳入 529 例心脏移植受者（含合并 / 不合并移植物血管病变人群）的回顾性观察研究，中位随访 6.7 年：术后 1 年内早期启用阿司匹林，对比术后 1 年以上延迟用药，可显著延缓血管内超声下斑块体积、斑块指数反映的病变进展，同时降低全因死亡与移植物血管病变相关移植物功能障碍风险 ²。目前尚无充足数据证实，血运重建相较单纯药物治疗可改善心脏移植物血管病变患者远期预后。但由于病变严重程度与不良预后直接相关，冠脉解剖条件适宜的患者可行血运重建术 ³。对于存在严重、近段、局限性病变的心脏移植物血管病变患者，经皮冠脉介入治疗可获益⁷。多项观察性研究显示，介入治疗适用于该类患者，手术成功率高，中长期冠脉造影随访结果稳定，第二代药物洗脱支架效果更佳⁴⁻⁶。采用依维莫司洗脱支架治疗心脏移植物血管病变，术后 6～12 个月支架内再狭窄率仅 3%～5%，术后 3 年为 10%，与普通冠心病患者使用该支架的再狭窄水平相近⁴⁻⁶,²⁵,²⁶。心脏移植术后早期通过血流储备分数、微循环阻力指数评估冠脉生理功能，具备预后判断价值 ²⁷,²⁸；但相较于普通冠心病患者，血流储备分数指导移植物血管病变血运重建的价值尚不明确。重度心脏移植物血管病变患者极少采用冠状动脉旁路移植术，该人群外科血运重建术后 30 天早期死亡率高达 36%，风险过高 ²⁹。表 24 免疫抑制剂与他汀类药物联用的相互作用免疫抑制剂他汀药物相互作用机制与影响相互作用强度（基于曲线下面积增幅）用药推荐环孢素 / 他克莫司 / 依维莫司 / 西罗莫司 * 阿托伐他汀通过多重机制升高他汀血药暴露量，增加肌肉毒性风险重度：阿托伐他汀曲线下面积升高 6～15 倍阿托伐他汀每日剂量不超过 10 mg 瑞舒伐他汀通过多重机制升高他汀血药暴露量，增加肌肉毒性风险重度：瑞舒伐他汀曲线下面积升高 7 倍瑞舒伐他汀每日剂量不超过 5 mg 普伐他汀通过多重机制升高他汀血药暴露量，增加肌肉毒性风险重度：普伐他汀曲线下面积升高 5～10 倍普伐他汀每日剂量不超过 40 mg 氟伐他汀通过多重机制升高他汀血药暴露量，增加肌肉毒性风险中度：氟伐他汀曲线下面积升高 2～4 倍氟伐他汀每日剂量不超过 40 mg 辛伐他汀通过多重机制升高他汀血药暴露量，增加肌肉毒性风险重度：辛伐他汀曲线下面积升高 6～8 倍禁止联用洛伐他汀通过多重机制升高他汀血药暴露量，增加肌肉毒性风险重度：洛伐他汀曲线下面积升高 5～20 倍禁止联用匹伐他汀通过多重机制升高他汀血药暴露量，增加肌肉毒性风险重度：匹伐他汀曲线下面积升高 5 倍禁止联用相互作用强度分级标准（依据曲线下面积增幅）轻度：增幅＞1.25 倍且＜2 倍；中度：增幅≥2 倍且≤4.9 倍；重度：增幅≥5 倍。缩写释义 AUC：血药浓度 - 时间曲线下面积经美国心脏协会授权改编自 Wiggins BS 等人文献 ³⁰，版权 2016。 ∗他汀类药物曲线下面积变化数据均基于环孢素联用场景；他克莫司、依维莫司、西罗莫司相关联用数据尚不充分。 7 患者随访：症状监测与管理 7.1 病情稳定患者的随访方案与检查项目推荐等级 (COR) 证据等级 (LOE) 推荐内容 Ⅱb 类推荐 B-R 级证据 1. 对于既往发生急性冠脉综合征或接受冠脉血运重建、病情稳定的慢性冠心病患者，可在常规诊疗基础上，转诊至线上远程健康管理项目、社区健康干预项目（或两者联合）开展生活方式干预，有助于优化心血管危险因素管控 ¹⁻⁷。 Ⅲ 类推荐（无获益） B-R 级证据 2. 慢性冠心病患者经指南导向药物优化治疗后，临床症状、心功能状态无变化时，不推荐常规定期开展冠脉 CT 血管成像、负荷试验（伴 / 不伴影像学）用于指导治疗方案调整⁸⁻¹⁰。 Ⅲ 类推荐（无获益） B-R 级证据 3. 慢性冠心病患者临床症状、心功能状态无改变时，不推荐常规定期复查左心室功能以指导临床治疗决策 ¹¹,¹²。 Ⅲ 类推荐（存在潜在危害） B-NR 级证据 4. 慢性冠心病患者临床症状、心功能状态无改变时，禁止常规定期实施有创冠脉造影，不作为调整治疗方案的依据 ¹³⁻¹⁷。概要慢性冠心病患者远期主要不良心血管事件风险升高，需定期门诊随访监测 ¹⁸,¹⁹。慢性冠心病患者管理核心包含两点：长期持续纠正心血管危险因素、优化指南导向药物治疗至最大耐受剂量 ²⁰；全程落实医患共同决策，保障心内科、基层全科、专科团队高效沟通协作（详见 4.1 节《治疗决策通用原则》、4.1.1 节《多团队协作诊疗模式》、4.1.2 节《患者健康教育》、4.1.4 节《健康的社会决定因素》）²¹⁻²³。过去二十年间，慢性冠心病患者主要不良心血管事件发生率持续下降；当代临床研究显示，接受规范指南导向药物治疗的慢性冠心病患者整体事件风险偏低，无心绞痛症状人群风险更低 ¹⁹,²⁴。完成初始诊断评估、规范治疗、生活方式与药物方案优化后，仅当患者症状、临床状态发生显著改变时，才安排复查影像学 / 功能检查。慢性冠心病患者可定期记录标准静息 12 导联心电图，留存基础波形，后续出现不适症状时可对照比对，避免过度判定临床状态恶化 ¹⁴,¹⁵。若患者已接受最优药物治疗，但心绞痛症状持续加重、活动耐量下降，需按照第 3 章节《评估、诊断与风险分层》流程完善检查。心脏康复相关推荐详见 4.2.10 节。推荐意见配套佐证正文 1. 荷兰一项多中心随机对照试验纳入 374 名急性冠脉综合征出院 8 周内成人，分为两组：常规治疗 + 每 4 周线上健康指导（Hartcoach 生活方式干预项目）、单纯常规治疗 ¹。随访 6 个月后，线上干预组患者体重指数、腰围、运动时长、蔬菜摄入量、自我管理能力轻度改善，焦虑情绪得到缓解。澳大利亚一项试验将 430 名有心肌梗死病史成人随机分组，一组接受为期 6 个月电话随访二级预防项目（Proactive Heart），一组仅常规随访 ²。干预组健康相关生活质量、运动能力、焦虑评分均显著改善 ³。后续一项纳入 121 名急性冠脉综合征术后成人的随机对照研究显示，为期 6 个月线上心理健康干预项目（MoodCare）相较常规随访可改善抑郁评分，重度抑郁症患者的改善效果可持续至 1 年随访终点⁴,⁵。 RESPONSE-2 研究将 711 名有急性冠脉综合征、冠脉血运重建史（或两者兼具）的患者及其家属，由护士统筹转诊至荷兰 15 家医院的 3 项普惠社区生活干预项目，患者各类生活相关危险因素得到显著改善⁶。短信随访干预的疗效存在争议，部分研究证实有效⁷，部分研究未发现获益 ²⁵,²⁶；此类干预模式的卫生经济学成本效益尚不明确 ²⁷。 2. 针对当代各类慢性冠心病患者远期预后、标准化管理方案的循证证据仍在更新完善。不推荐无自觉症状、活动能力正常的患者定期常规开展冠脉解剖或缺血负荷检查。目前缺乏充足证据指导：无症状慢性冠心病患者规范药物治疗后，功能 / 冠脉影像学检查结果阳性时该如何调整方案。 ISCHEMIA 研究纳入 5179 名稳定冠心病、负荷试验提示中重度缺血患者，随机分为介入治疗组与保守药物治疗组，随访 3.3 年后，两组主要不良心血管事件复合终点无差异⁸。仅每日 / 每周 / 每月发作心绞痛的患者，介入治疗相较保守治疗可快速、持续缓解症状 ²⁸。 CLARIFY 前瞻性纵向注册研究覆盖 45 个国家 32105 名门诊慢性冠心病患者，结果显示：无创检查中出现心绞痛症状（而非无症状心肌缺血）与主要不良心血管事件风险升高相关，包含心源性死亡、非致死性心肌梗死⁹。近期多中心 POST-PCI 务实随机对照试验纳入 1706 名高危经皮冠脉介入术后患者，术后 12 个月对比两种方案：常规负荷功能检查（运动心电图联合 / 不联合心肌核素灌注显像、负荷超声心动图）、单纯标准临床随访。随访 2 年，两组复合终点（全因死亡、心肌梗死、不稳定心绞痛住院）无统计学差异 ¹⁰。 3. 无自觉症状、活动能力无下降、未接受新手术干预的患者，不推荐定期常规复查左心室功能 ¹¹。 MASS II 随机对照试验事后分析纳入 350 名多支病变慢性冠心病患者，分别接受冠脉旁路移植术、经皮介入、单纯药物治疗；入组前与随访 10 年后检测左室射血分数，无主要不良心血管事件的患者左室射血分数长期保持稳定 ¹²。 4. ISCHEMIA 研究中无症状患者随机接受介入治疗并未优于保守药物管理方案⁸,²⁸。常规随访冠脉造影会增加无缺血意义的临界狭窄病变血运重建操作，却无法降低远期心源性死亡、心肌梗死发生率 ¹⁶,¹⁷。日本 ReACT 前瞻性多中心开放标签试验纳入 700 名经皮冠脉介入术后患者，随机分为术后 8～12 个月常规造影随访组、单纯临床随访组 ¹⁴。中位随访 4.6 年，常规造影组早期血运重建手术增多，但未带来任何临床获益。合并糖尿病的介入术后患者常规造影随访，会增加血运重建手术与主要不良心血管事件风险，死亡、再发心肌梗死发生率无改善 ²⁹。丹麦当代冠心病注册研究显示，无心肌缺血证据的患者接受血运重建，相较单纯药物治疗，死亡、心肌梗死风险更高 ¹⁵。 8 其他重要诊疗考量 8.1 医疗成本与诊疗价值考量医疗成本与价值相关推荐意见推荐等级（COR）证据等级（LOE）推荐内容 Ⅰ 类推荐 B-NR 级证据 1. 与慢性冠心病患者沟通治疗、预防方案时，医疗团队在启用新药阶段，以及此后至少每年一次，均需告知患者药物自付费用，提前规避因经济负担导致的用药依从性下降问题 ¹⁻⁶。支撑本推荐意见的相关研究文献汇总于在线补充资料。概要部分新型慢性冠心病治疗药物仅存在原研品牌制剂，患者自付费用高昂，会阻碍药物使用，或提升因经济负担导致用药不依从的风险 ¹,²。高额自付费用是患者停药、延迟续方、擅自减量或间断服药的常见诱因 ³。大量符合适应症人群使用高价药物会推高整体医药开支；长期来看，私人保险体系下，额外成本会转化为更高保费由患者承担；公共医保体系下，则通过增加税收转嫁给纳税人。因此，临床医师肩负关键职责：在医患共同决策环节定期与慢性冠心病患者沟通药物自付费用、有条件时选用低价替代药物；当存在多种适宜方案时，优先选择具备成本效益的疗法（即仅需小幅增量花费，即可获得额外健康收益，且符合通用成本效益阈值的药物），保障患者可及性与用药依从性。诊疗价值分级相关内容详见表 1；血脂管理、钠 - 葡萄糖协同转运蛋白 2 抑制剂、血运重建相关章节（4.2.6 节、4.2.8 节、5.1 节）也包含对应的成本 - 价值考量要点。推荐意见配套佐证正文美国每 8 名心血管疾病患者中，就有 1 人存在因经济原因导致的用药不依从情况 ³。患者处方药物自付费用可达数百美元，直接阻碍有效药物的启动与长期维持 ¹,²。绝大多数患者希望医师主动沟通药物自付成本，尤其是在考虑启用新疗法时⁴⁻⁶。临床医师及医护团队需掌握常用处方药物的自付费用标准，但需注意：该金额会因患者保险福利方案、年度结算节点（如是否已达到年度免赔额）、同期联用药物产生个体差异。医师或医护支持团队应明确本院体系内查询自付费用的可靠渠道：部分医院电子病历在开具处方时可直接调取费用信息；部分场景下需开具 “测试处方” 才能查询医保报销范围。启动新药及后续定期随访时，医师或医护团队均需核对患者的药物自付成本。医患共同决策（4.1.3 节）至关重要，患者经济承受能力与其社会经济地位高度相关（4.1.4 节《健康的社会决定因素》）。医师及团队需向患者介绍省钱渠道，例如邮购药房、患者救助项目，病情允许时优先选用低价替代药物。 8.2 现有证据缺口与未来研究方向过去十年，慢性冠心病的诊断与治疗取得诸多进展，但临床认知仍存在多处空白，以下内容为亟待开展研究的方向：慢性冠心病的定义仍在更新迭代，需开展相关研究，明确无创影像技术革新（可灵敏检出并量化钙化、非钙化动脉粥样硬化斑块负荷）如何优化慢性冠心病患者筛查、远期预后判断、预防性治疗适用人群筛选。需开发并验证适用于当代慢性冠心病人群的综合风险评分模型，纳入人口学信息、基础疾病、健康社会决定因素，以及无创 / 有创检查（或两者结合）结果，用于预测主要不良心血管事件。现有研究证实医师主观评估患者症状存在明显偏差，需研究在常规诊疗中标准化使用患者自评量表，能否改善以患者为中心的临床结局。需开发并在多元人群中验证医患决策辅助工具，支撑慢性冠心病患者的共同诊疗决策。开展高质量研究，评估大麻等各类物质对慢性冠心病患者心血管终点事件的影响。现有多种药物可缓解慢性冠心病症状、改善远期预后，需研究指南导向药物治疗的最优给药顺序（即针对特定患者，如何权衡各类药物组分的相对重要性）。开展长期心血管终点随访的随机对照试验，明确减少久坐行为的各类干预措施的真实疗效。现有临床试验纳入女性、不同种族族群样本不足，需研究各类疗法在男女慢性冠心病患者、不同种族人群中的疗效是否存在差异。进一步探索个体化医疗手段的应用价值，包括人工智能、短信随访、可穿戴设备、基因组学、蛋白质组学，用于优化多元慢性冠心病人群的风险评估与治疗方案。拓展研究混合式心脏康复、居家心脏康复对长期临床终点的作用，以及在女性、老年、少数种族等细分人群中的疗效差异。针对慢性冠心病患者，开展精神疾病（抑郁症）长期治疗效果相关研究，分为两类人群：①既往已确诊精神疾病合并慢性冠心病；②心肌梗死后新发精神疾病。研究电子烟长期使用对慢性冠心病患者心血管健康的远期风险。探索胰高糖素样肽 - 1 受体激动剂能否用于无 2 型糖尿病的慢性冠心病患者，以降低心血管风险；同时评估钠 - 葡萄糖协同转运蛋白 2 抑制剂联合胰高糖素样肽 - 1 受体激动剂在慢性冠心病人群中的应用价值。针对心肌梗死或经皮冠脉介入术后满 1 年的慢性冠心病患者，明确最优抗血小板治疗方案。明确慢性冠心病合并心房颤动患者的最佳抗凝治疗策略。针对难治性心绞痛的慢性冠心病患者，评估神经调控、胸段脊髓电刺激、细胞 / 基因治疗促血管新生、冠状窦封堵、冲击波治疗的临床价值。针对自发性冠脉夹层人群，进一步研究发病后最优药物管理方案，以及血管病变筛查对远期心血管事件的潜在影响。极端气候灾害频发，需高质量研究验证防护手段能否为心血管高风险的慢性冠心病患者提供保护：野火烟雾暴露期使用室内空气净化器、N95 口罩；极端高温时段前往有空调的公共空间。探索如何将健康的社会决定因素整合至电子病历系统，方便医护为存在健康公平差距的慢性冠心病患者统筹诊疗。现有电子病历仅可粗略估算药物、检查、治疗的自付费用，需开发并普及更精准的床边费用查询工具。研究指南导向药物治疗能否改善老年慢性冠心病、维持透析慢性肾脏病合并冠心病患者的远期预后。评估哪些干预手段可推动临床落实指南规范；同时研究新版指南发布对患者、门诊、医院、医疗体系、社区各层级产生的实际影响。机构负责人与工作人员美国心脏病学会（ACC） B. Hadley Wilson, MD, FACC，主席 Cathleen C. Gates，首席执行官 Richard J. Kovacs, MD, MACC，首席医学顾问 MaryAnne Elma, MPH，企业内容与数字战略高级总监 Grace D. Ronan，临床政策出版物主管 Leah Patterson，临床内容开发项目经理美国心脏病学会 / 美国心脏协会（ACC/AHA） Thomas S.D. Getchius，全国指南高级总监 Abdul R. Abdullah, MD，指南科学与方法主管美国心脏协会（AHA） Michelle A. Albert, MD, MPH, FAHA，主席 Nancy Brown，首席执行官 Mariell Jessup, MD, FAHA，首席科学与医学官 Radhika Rajgopal Singh, PhD，科学医学办公室高级副总裁 Prashant Nedungadi, BPharm, PhD，科学医学临床指南副总裁 Jody Hundley，科学出版物生产运营高级经理，科学运营办公室缩写释义 CCD：慢性冠心病 MACE：主要不良心血管事件 GDMT：指南导向药物治疗 SGLT2：钠 - 葡萄糖协同转运蛋白 2 GLP-1：胰高糖素样肽 - 1 CR：心脏康复 SDOH：健康的社会决定因素 SCAD：自发性冠状动脉夹层参考资料：（限于篇幅，引用文献未列出。建议读者看原文）

2026-07-14

·北京医学感染与传染研究

临床传染病学 82卷1-6期、增刊1-2、4-5期（2026年7月14日更新）

Clinical Infectious Diseases Volume 82 Issue 1 临床传染病学 82卷1期 https://academic.oup.com/cid/issue/ ID Art Through the Ages（穿越时代的传染病学技艺） 1 Peasants' Revolt, 1381 1381年农民起义 Mary Grizzard and Michael Grizzard Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Page i, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf692 In the Literature（文献概览） 2 In the Literature 文献概览 Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages ii–iii, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf631 State-of-the-Art Review（最新技术综述） 3 State-of-the-Art Review: Diagnosis and Management of Acute and Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis 最新技术综述：急性和慢性细菌性前列腺炎的诊断与治疗 Prathit A Kulkarni and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf483 Clinical Dilemmas in Infectious Diseases（传染病临床难题） 4 “Insisting on Treatment” “坚持治疗” Kevin Andrew Smith and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 14–18, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf282 Voices of ID（传染病之声） 5 Martin Arrowsmith and Me 马丁·阿罗史密斯与我 Janet R Gilsdorf Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 19–20, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf277 Invited Commentary（特邀述评） 6 The 2025 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Nonoccupational HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis Guidelines: Updated Regimens and Remaining Questions 2025年美国疾病控制与预防中心非职业性艾滋病毒暴露后预防指南：更新方案及遗留问题 Lao-Tzu Allan-Blitz and Kenneth H Mayer Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 21–24, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf567 Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship（抗菌药物耐药性与管控） 7 Modeling the Impact and Cost of a Culture-Dependent Molecular Test for Antimicrobial Resistance in Resource-Limited Settings 资源有限环境下，基于培养的分子检测法对抗菌药物耐药性的影响和成本建模 Joshua M Chevalier and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 25–32, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf236 8 The Xpert MTB/RIF Cycle Threshold Value Predicts Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transmission to Close Contacts in a Brazilian Prospective Multicenter Cohort 巴西一项前瞻性多中心队列研究中Xpert MTB/RIF循环阈值可预测结核分枝杆菌在密切接触者中的传播 Leandro S Garcia and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 33–41, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad794 9 Beyond Diagnosis: Xpert Cycle Threshold Values as Predictors of Tuberculosis Transmission 超越诊断：Xpert循环阈值作为结核病传播的预测指标 Lauren Linde and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 42–43, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad791 10 First Report of Treatment-Emergent Resistance to Cefepime-Zidebactam in Pseudomonas aeruginosa 铜绿假单胞菌在头孢吡肟-齐德巴坦治疗中出现耐药性的首例报告 Ava J Dorazio and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 44–48, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf638 Clinical Practice and Policy（临床实践与政策） 11 Sputum and Tongue Swab Molecular Testing for the In-Home Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Unselected Household Contacts: A Cost and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis 痰液和舌拭子分子检测用于未筛选家庭接触者结核病居家诊断的成本及成本效益分析 Charl Bezuidenhout and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 49–57, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf389 12 You’ve Got a Friend in Me: Curbside Questions Infectious Diseases Clinicians Ask Infectious Diseases Pharmacists 我是你的朋友：传染病临床医生向传染病药剂师咨询的即兴问题 Matthew R Davis and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 58–61, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf250 13 Home Testing for Contagious Illness: Historical Context and Modern Caveats 传染性疾病居家检测：历史背景与现代注意事项 Abigail Zuger Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 62–66, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf623 Fungal Infections（真菌感染） 14 Evaluating the Use of Lower Dose Flucytosine for the Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Clinical Trial 评估低剂量氟胞嘧啶治疗隐球菌性脑膜炎的临床试验 Morris K Rutakingirwa and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 67–74, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf432 15 Association Between Duration of Candidemia and Clinical and Healthcare Resource Utilization Outcomes Among Hospitalized Adult Patients With Candidemia Who Received Empiric Treatment With an Echinocandin Across United States Hospitals 美国各医院中接受棘白菌素经验性治疗的念珠菌血症成年住院患者中，念珠菌血症持续时间与临床和医疗资源利用结局之间的关联 Thomas P Lodise and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 75–85, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf472 16 Aspergillosis-Attributable Mortality in the United States: Analysis of Death Certificate Data 美国隐球菌病导致的死亡率分析：基于死亡证明数据 Thomas J Walsh and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 86–92, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf653 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 17 Outcomes of Critical Illness in People With Advanced HIV Disease: 30 Years of Binational Data 晚期艾滋病患者危重症结局：30年的双国数据 Bryan Tan and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 93–99, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf362 18 Phase 2 Trial of Long-Acting Cabotegravir and VRC07-523LS for Viral Suppression in Adults With HIV-1: ACTG A5357 长效卡博特韦和VRC07-523LS用于HIV-1感染成人病毒抑制的2期试验：ACTG A5357 Babafemi O Taiwo and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 100–108, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf375 19 Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine in a National Cohort of People With HIV-1: First Results From the ANRS-MIE CARLAPOP Study 全国HIV-1感染者队列中长效卡博特韦和利匹韦林的治疗药物监测：ANRS-MIE CARLAPOP研究的首批结果 Nadège Néant and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 109–118, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf385 20 Is Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine of Clinical Utility? 长效卡博特韦和利匹韦林的治疗药物监测是否具有临床实用性？ Catia Marzolini Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 119–121, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf386 21 Efficacy and Safety of Dual Therapy With Dolutegravir/Lamivudine in Treatment-naive Persons With CD4 Counts <200/mm3: 48-Week Results of the DOLCE Study 多替拉韦/拉米夫定双药治疗在CD4计数<200/mm³的初治患者中的疗效和安全性：DOLCE研究48周结果 Maria Ines Figueroa and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 122–131, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf415 22 DOLCE: Sweet Success for Dolutegravir/Lamivudine? DOLCE研究：多替拉韦/拉米夫定双药治疗是否取得完美成功？ Laura J Waters Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 132–133, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf416 Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology（感染控制与医院流行病学） 23 Real-Time Genomic Surveillance for Enhanced Healthcare Outbreak Detection and Control: Clinical and Economic Impact 实时基因组监测用于加强医疗保健机构疫情检测与控制：临床与经济影响 Alexander J Sundermann and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 134–141, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf216 24 Patient Perspectives Regarding Different Contact Precaution Policies for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Across Two Hospitals: Patients Are in Favor of Contact Precautions 两家医院患者对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌不同接触预防政策的态度：患者支持接触预防措施 Nicholas F Angelino and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 142–144, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf330 Photo Quiz（影像问答） 25 The Clue That Wriggled into View 蜿蜒入目的线索 Nitin Gupta and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 145–147, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf427 Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology（感染控制与医院流行病学） 26 Comparing Generative Artificial Intelligence vs Experts for Detection of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection 比较生成式人工智能与专家在导管相关尿路感染检测中的应用 Shatha Alshanqeeti and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 148–150, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf486 Sexually Transmitted Infections（性传播感染） 27 Viability of Chlamydia trachomatis in Different Anatomical Sites—a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis 不同解剖部位沙眼衣原体的存活能力——系统综述和荟萃分析 Arthur Wong and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 151–158, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae401 Photo Quiz（影像问答） 28 A 46-Year-Old With Persistent Altered Mental Status and Respiratory Failure 一例46岁患者持续出现意识状态改变伴呼吸衰竭 Ann F Yang and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 159–161, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf439 Sexually Transmitted Infections（性传播感染） 29 Mpox in People With HIV: Predictors of Diagnosis, Outcomes, and Vaccine Effectiveness in a Multisite Cohort HIV感染者中的猴痘：多站点队列中诊断、预后和疫苗有效性的预测因素 Michalina Montaño and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 162–172, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae464 30 Development and Evaluation of a Novel Algorithm to Identify Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis Users at a Large Healthcare System in the Bronx, New York 开发和评估一种新型算法，用于识别纽约布朗克斯区一家大型医疗系统中多西环素暴露后预防用药者 Caroline E Mullis and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 173–176, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf109 31 Evidence-Informed Provision of Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis for Prevention of Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections 为预防细菌性性传播感染提供基于证据的多西环素暴露后预防用药 Julia C Dombrowski and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages 177–184, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae527 Bacterial Infections（细菌性感染） 32 Long-term Mortality Trends Among Individuals With Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Individuals Diagnosed With Tuberculosis in Brazil 巴西结核病患者的长期死亡率趋势：一项针对巴西结核病诊断患者的回顾性队列研究 Sun Kim and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e1–e8, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf206 33 Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Meningococcal Eye Infections: Retrospective National Surveillance in England, 2010–2022 脑膜炎球菌眼部感染的临床和微生物学特征：2010 - 2022年英格兰全国回顾性监测 Stephen A Clark and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e9–e16, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf274 34 Does Piperacillin-Tazobactam Increase Mortality Risk Compared With Cefepime? Collider Bias and the Importance of Assumptions in Instrumental Variable Analyses 与头孢吡肟相比，哌拉西林-他唑巴坦是否会增加死亡率风险？工具变量分析中的混杂偏倚和假设的重要性 Fergus Hamilton and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e17–e23, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf317 COVID-19 / SARS COV-2（新冠肺炎/严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型） 35 Efficacy and Safety of Obeldesivir in High-Risk Nonhospitalized Patients With COVID-19 (BIRCH): A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study 奥贝德西韦在高危非住院COVID-19患者（BIRCH研究）中的疗效和安全性：一项3期、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究 Anca Streinu-Cercel and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e24–e32, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf406 36 Retreatment With Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Following Return of COVID-19 Symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 Positivity COVID-19症状复发且SARS-CoV-2检测呈阳性后使用奈玛特韦/利托那韦重新治疗 Wuyan Zhang and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e33–e40, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf548 Emerging Infections(新兴感染) 37 “I Didn’t Know Him Before the Pandemic… Now He's on My Speed Dial”: Strengthening Collaboration Between Infectious Diseases Physicians and State and Local Public Health for Future Public Health Emergencies “疫情前我并不认识他……现在他已是我的快速拨号对象”：加强传染病医生与州和地方公共卫生部门在未来突发公共卫生事件中的合作 Diana Valencia and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e41–e46, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf179 38 Identification of and Response to Influenza A(H5) in Off-the-Shelf Raw Milk—Santa Clara County, California, November–December 2024 2024年11 - 12月加利福尼亚州圣克拉拉县在现成生牛奶中检出甲型流感（H5）病毒及应对措施 Alessandra Løchen and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e47–e48, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf420 39 The Indispensable Value of Small-Molecule Antivirals in Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness 小分子抗病毒药物在流行病和大流行病防范中的不可或缺价值 Ruxandra Draghia-Akli and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e49–e55, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf476 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 40 Increasing HIV Testing During Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Evaluations in Urgent Care and Emergency Departments: A Large Health System Initiative 在紧急护理和急诊科进行淋病和衣原体检测时增加HIV检测：一项大型医疗系统倡议 Allan M Seibert and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e56–e67, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf434 41 Clinical Predictors and Incidence of Kaposi Sarcoma Among Males With HIV in the Treat-All Era in the United States and Canada 美国和加拿大“全员治疗”时代男性HIV感染者卡波西肉瘤的临床预测因素和发病率 Sally B Coburn and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e68–e77, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf446 42 Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors for Treatment-experienced Young Adults With Perinatal HIV in the US: Immunologic, Virologic, and Anthropometric Outcomes 美国接受过治疗的围产期感染HIV的年轻成人使用整合酶链转移抑制剂的免疫学、病毒学和人体测量学结果 Kunjal Patel and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e78–e88, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf538 43 Win Ratio Aligns With and Enhances Interpretation of REPRIEVE's Primary Findings Win比值与REPRIEVE研究的主要发现一致并增强了其解释性 Emma Davies Smith and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e89–e92, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf477 44 The Critical Importance of Clinical Use Case to Inform Point-of-Care Technology Development: A Case Study of HIV Nucleic Acid Assays in the United States 临床应用案例对于指导即时检测技术开发的重要性：以美国HIV核酸检测为例 Yukari C Manabe and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e93–e99, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf510 Mycobacterial Infections（分枝杆菌感染） 45 Body Mass Index and Incident Tuberculosis in Close Tuberculosis Contacts 结核密切接触者中体重指数与新发结核病的关系 María B Arriaga and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e100–e109, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf475 46 The Role of Youths in Within-Household Tuberculosis Transmission: A Household Contact Cohort Study 青年在家庭内结核病传播中的作用：一项家庭接触队列研究 Meredith B Brooks and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e110–e118, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf490 47 Cost-effectiveness of Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing for Tuberculosis Drug-resistance Testing as an Alternative to the Standard of Care in South Africa 南非以靶向下一代测序作为结核病耐药检测标准护理方案的替代方案的成本效益分析 Alexandra de Nooy and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e119–e125, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf495 48 Xpert MTB/RIF Cycle Threshold as a Marker of Tuberculosis (TB) Disease Severity: Implications for TB Treatment Stratification Xpert MTB/RIF循环阈值作为结核病（TB）疾病严重程度的标志物：对结核病治疗分层的启示 Daniel J Grint and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e126–e134, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf527 49 The Role of β-Lactam Antibiotics in Treating Mycobacterium abscessus: From Laboratory Insights to Clinical Applications and the Case for Clinical Trials β-内酰胺类抗生素在治疗脓肿分枝杆菌中的作用：从实验室见解到临床应用及开展临床试验的必要性 Khalid M Dousa and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e135–e145, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf547 Pediatric and Maternal Infectious Diseases（儿科与孕产妇传染病） 50 Efficacy, Immunogenicity, and Safety of an Investigational Maternal Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Protein–Based Vaccine 一种研究性孕产妇呼吸道合胞病毒融合前F蛋白疫苗的疗效、免疫原性和安全性 Peyman Banooni and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e146–e155, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf033 51 Hepatotoxicity Among People With HIV and Receiving Isoniazid Preventive Therapy in Pregnancy and Postpartum: The Role of Antiretroviral Regimen and Pharmacogenetics HIV感染者在孕期和产后接受异烟肼预防性治疗时的肝毒性：抗逆转录病毒治疗方案和药物基因组学的作用 Grace Montepiedra and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e156–e164, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf198 52 Transplacental Transfer of Lumefantrine, Mefloquine, and Piperaquine: A Comparison of Concentrations in Mothers, Neonates, and Cord Blood 青蒿素、甲氟喹和哌喹的胎盘转运：母亲、新生儿和脐带血中浓度的比较 Makoto Saito and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e165–e173, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf552 53 Why Did the Antimalarial Drug Cross the Placenta? 抗疟药为何要穿过胎盘？ Stephen J Rogerson and Holger W Unger Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e174–e175, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf553 Viral Infections（病毒性传染病） 54 Kinetics and Predictors of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Loss After Commencing Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)–Active Antiretroviral Therapy in the Setting of HIV and Chronic HBV Coinfection HIV和慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）共感染患者开始使用HBV活性抗逆转录病毒治疗后乙型肝炎表面抗原消失的动力学和预测因素 Jennifer Audsley and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e176–e184, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf281 55 Secondary Pneumococcal Disease in Veterans With Viral Respiratory Infections 患有病毒性呼吸道感染退伍军人的继发性肺炎球菌病 Lauren A Powers and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e185–e190, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf285 Correspondence（读者来信） 56 Unveiling Latent Risk Patterns in Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteremia: A Deeper Look at Pathogen-Specific Mortality 揭示抗菌药物耐药性菌血症中的潜在风险模式：深入探究病原体特异性死亡率 Yuan-Ti Lee and Shiuan-Chih Chen Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Page e191, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf493 57 Resistance to Antibiotics With High Empiric Treatment Relevance Explains Attributable Mortality Across 110 Pathogen-antibiotic Combinations 对经验性治疗具有高度相关性的抗生素耐药性可解释110种病原体 - 抗生素组合的归因死亡率 Kevin A Brown and Nick Daneman Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e191–e192, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf494 58 Culture Clash: Dual-Pathogen Endocarditis and the Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Studies We Need 文化冲突：双病原体心内膜炎以及我们所需的宏基因组下一代测序研究 Carl Boodman and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e193–e195, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf518 59 Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing and Cardiovascular Infections: Promise and Pitfalls of Polymicrobial Detection 宏基因组下一代测序与心血管感染：多微生物检测的前景与陷阱 Sarwat Khalil and M Rizwan Sohail Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Page e196, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf519 60 It Is Time to Go Beyond the Association Between Colistin and Meropenem for Invasive Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infections 是时候超越多粘菌素和美罗培南联合治疗侵袭性碳青霉烯耐药鲍曼不动杆菌感染了 Alberto Enrico Maraolo and Giancarlo Ceccarelli Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e197–e198, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf533 61 Actually, It May be Time to Return to Colistin and Meropenem in Some Patients Infected With Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) 实际上，对于某些感染碳青霉烯耐药鲍曼不动杆菌（CRAB）的患者，或许是时候重新使用多粘菌素和美罗培南了 Jason M Pogue and Keith S Kaye Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e198–e199, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf534 62 COVID-19 and Bacterial Pneumonia: Protective Effect or Diagnostic Bias? COVID-19和细菌性肺炎：保护作用还是诊断偏差？ Duygu Aydın and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Page e200, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf539 63 Secondary Pneumococcal Disease in Veterans With Viral Respiratory Infections: A Follow Up 患有病毒性呼吸道感染退伍军人的继发性肺炎球菌病：后续研究 John C Hu and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e200–e201, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf540 64 Long-Acting Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine in Viremic People With HIV: Bumpy Road to Perfection 长效卡博特韦/利匹韦林用于病毒载量阳性的HIV感染者：通往完美的坎坷之路 Beatrice Barda and Marco Bongiovanni Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e201–e202, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf482 65 Beyond the Sequence: Operationalizing Whole-Genome Sequencing for Real-time Infection Control in Low- and Middle-Income-Country Healthcare Settings Healthcare Settings 超越序列：在中低收入国家医疗环境中实际应用全基因组测序进行实时感染控制 Schawanya Kaewpitoon Rattanapitoon and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e202–e203, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf535 66 Reassessing Adherence Trajectories in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Recovery Advantage and Hidden Biases 重新评估耐多药结核病的依从性轨迹：康复优势和隐藏偏差 Shiuan-Chih Chen and Chun-Chieh Chen Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e203–e204, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf536 67 Metagenomic Sequencing of Blood Culture Broth for Diagnosing Fastidious Endocarditis 血培养肉汤宏基因组测序用于诊断苛养性心内膜炎 Po-Hsiu Huang and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Pages e204–e205, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf554 Corrections（更正） 68 Correction to: Secondary Pneumococcal Disease in Veterans With Viral Respiratory Infections 《患有病毒性呼吸道感染退伍军人的继发性肺炎球菌病》更正 Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Page e206, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf572 69 Correction to: Treatment Outcomes With an Oral Short Course Regimen for Rifampicin-resistant Tuberculosis in a High HIV Prevalence, Programmatic Setting in South Africa 《南非高HIV流行率、项目化环境中口服短程利福平耐药结核病治疗方案的治疗结果》更正 Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 1, 15 January 2026, Page e207, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf711 Clinical Infectious Diseases Volume 82 Issue Supplement_1 临床传染病学 82卷增刊1期 https://academic.oup.com/cid/issue/82/Supplement_1 SUPPLEMENT（增刊） Laboratory and Point-of-care Testing to Detect Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Review of the Available Evidence 实验室及即时检测技术用于检测沙眼衣原体和淋病奈瑟菌：现有证据综述 SUPPLEMENT ARTICLES（增刊论著） 1 Evidence Review for Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guidance Development on the Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae 美国疾病控制与预防中心沙眼衣原体和淋病奈瑟菌检测指南制定证据综述 Amanda C Smith and Ellen N Kersh Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_1, 15 February 2026, Pages S1–S5, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf665 2 Narrative Review of Chlamydia trachomatis Culture, Viability Testing, and Sequencing Methods 沙眼衣原体培养、活性检测及测序方法的叙述性综述 Alana K Sterkel and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_1, 15 February 2026, Pages S6–S12, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf697 3 Culture and Identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: A Narrative Review of Current Laboratory Methods 淋病奈瑟菌培养与鉴定：当前实验室方法叙述性综述 Olusegun O Soge and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_1, 15 February 2026, Pages S13–S18, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf698 4 Review of the Performance of Laboratory-Based Molecular Diagnostics for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae 实验室分子诊断技术检测沙眼衣原体和淋病奈瑟菌的性能综述 Megan Crumpler and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_1, 15 February 2026, Pages S19–S35, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf696 5 Review of Methods for Detecting Antimicrobial Resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae 淋病奈瑟菌抗菌药物耐药性检测方法综述 Kara K Mitchell and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_1, 15 February 2026, Pages S36–S42, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf706 6 Point-of-care Tests for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Review of the Literature 沙眼衣原体和淋病奈瑟菌即时检测技术文献综述 Yukari C Manabe and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_1, 15 February 2026, Pages S43–S51, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf699 Clinical Infectious Diseases Volume 82 Issue 2 临床传染病学 82卷 2期 https://academic.oup.com/cid/issue/ ID Art Through the Ages（穿越时代的传染病技艺） 1 Interior of the Old Jersey Prison Ship in the Revolutionary War 美国革命战争中老泽西监狱船的内部景象 Mary Grizzard and Michael Grizzard Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Page i, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf693 In the Literature（本期精选） 2 In the Literature 本期精选 Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages ii–v, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag011 IDSA 2025 Collections Editorial（美国传染病学会2025年专题合集社论） 3 2025 Content Collections from the IDSA Journals IDSA期刊2025年内容合集 Roger Bedimo and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 185–186, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag041 State-of-the-Art Review（前沿综述） 4 State-of-the-Art Review: Chagas Disease—an Enduring Challenge 前沿综述：恰加斯病——一个持续存在的挑战 Nelson Iván Agudelo Higuita and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 187–205, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf654 IDSA Features（美国传染病学会特色内容） 5 Policy Recommendations to Support Equitable Access to Long-Acting Injectables for HIV Prevention and Treatment: A Policy Paper of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the HIV Medicine Association 支持公平获取用于艾滋病毒预防和治疗的长效注射剂的政策建议：美国传染病学会与艾滋病毒医学协会的政策文件 Julia L Marcus and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 206–211, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae648 Voices of ID（传染病之声） 6 A “Terminal Infection” “绝症感染” Jennifer Furin Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 212–214, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf332 Invited Commentary（特邀评论） 7 A Rapid Test to Differentiate Viral From Bacterial Infections: Searching for the Holy Grail 区分病毒与细菌感染的快速检测：寻找“圣杯” Lao-Tzu Allan-Blitz and Jeffrey D Klausner Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 215–218, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf585 Bacterial Infections（细菌感染） 8 Nonoperative Versus Neurosurgical Treatment of Brain Abscess: An Emulated Trial Nested Within a Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort 脑脓肿的非手术治疗与神经外科治疗：一项基于全国人群队列的模拟试验 Emilie Marie Eriksen and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 219–227, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf304 9 What Is the Impact of Anti-Enterococcal Empirical Therapy on Survival of Patients With Enterococcal Bloodstream Infections? 抗肠球菌经验性治疗对肠球菌血流感染患者生存率的影响是什么？ Linda Bussini and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 228–237, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf323 10 Adjunctive Fosfomycin for the Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: A Pooled Post Hoc Analysis of Individual Participant Data From 2 Randomized Trials 辅助使用磷霉素治疗金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症：两项随机试验个体参与者数据的汇总事后分析 Francesc Escrihuela-Vidal and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 238–245, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf387 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 11 Kinetics of Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Resistance-associated Mutations in HIV-1 Proviral Cellular Reservoirs in Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-experienced Persons 在接受过非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂治疗的HIV-1感染者中，非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂耐药相关突变在HIV-1前病毒细胞储存库中的动力学 Thomas Drumel and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 246–251, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf430 12 Impact of Different Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors on Body Mass Index Among People With HIV Who Newly Started Antiretroviral Therapy in Shenzhen, China: A Real-World Data Analysis 中国深圳新开始抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV感染者使用不同整合酶链转移抑制剂对体重指数的影响：一项现实数据分析 Lukun Zhang and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 252–261, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf466 13 Consequences of Stopping Antiretroviral Treatment in a Persistently Seronegative Individual with HIV-1 HIV-1持续血清阴性个体停止抗逆转录病毒治疗的后果 Marc Wirden and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 262–264, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf422 14 Approaches to the Management of Virologic Failure on Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in the 50 Countries With the Highest Adult HIV Prevalence 在成人HIV患病率最高的50个国家中，多替拉韦为基础的抗逆转录病毒治疗出现病毒学失败的治疗方法 Cameron T Nutt and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 265–273, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf444 Mycobacterial Infections（结核分枝杆菌感染） 15 Retrospective Cohort Analysis for Identification of Discordant Rifampicin-resistant Xpert MTB/RIF Assay Results in South Kivu, Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, a High Burden Tuberculosis Setting 刚果民主共和国东部南基伍这一结核病高负荷地区，识别利福平耐药不一致的Xpert MTB/RIF检测结果的回顾性队列分析 Bertin C Bisimwa and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 274–281, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf451 16 Prevention of Tuberculosis in Patients Treated With Biological Therapies: 20 Years' Experience in a Specialized Tuberculosis Clinic in a Low-prevalence Country 生物疗法治疗患者中结核病的预防：某低流行国家一个专科结核病诊所20年的经验 Sandra Pérez-Recio and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 282–290, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf491 17 Reducing Household Tuberculosis Transmission: A Pilot Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial 减少家庭内结核病传播：一项试点整群随机对照试验 Cinthya Ruiz-Tagle and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 291–298, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf526 18 (Un)masking Tuberculosis （揭开）结核病的“面具” Joseph N Burzynski and Neil W Schluger Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 299–300, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf528 19 Estimating the Accuracy and Additionality of TB-LAM to Diagnose TB in Children Without HIV (AccuLAM) 评估TB-LAM在无HIV儿童中诊断结核病的准确性和额外价值（AccuLAM） Lucía CarratalàCastro and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 301–303, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf525 Sexually Transmitted Infections（性传播感染） 20 Potential Impact of Doxycycline Post-exposure Prophylaxis Prescribing Strategies on Incidence of Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections 多西环素暴露后预防用药策略对细菌性性传播感染发病率的影响 Michael W Traeger and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 304–311, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad488 21 Filling in the Gaps: Updates on Doxycycline Prophylaxis for Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections 填补空白：多西环素预防细菌性性传播感染的最新进展 Aniruddha Hazra and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 312–320, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae062 22 Reported Neurologic Manifestations Among Persons With Syphilis by Stage of Infection—12 States, 2019–2022 2019-2022年12个州按感染阶段划分的梅毒患者报告的神经系统表现 Sarah B Wondmeneh and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 321–325, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf015 Viral Infections（病毒性感染） 23 Investigating the Role of Cytomegalovirus as a Cause of Stillbirths and Child Deaths in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Through Postmortem Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling 通过死后微创组织采样，调查巨细胞病毒在低收入和中等收入国家死胎和儿童死亡原因中的作用 Sithembiso Velaphi and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 326–336, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf098 Photo Quiz（影像问答） 24 Bursting at the Seams “撑破” Maxwell Olenski and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 337–340, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf488 Viral Infections（病毒性感染） 25 Clinical and Epidemiological Investigation of Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Type 2 Outbreak in Pakistan During 2019–2021 2019-2021年巴基斯坦2型疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒疫情的临床和流行病学调查 Nayab Mehmood and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 341–351, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf151 26 Inactivated Polio Vaccine Must Be an Essential Part of Polio Eradication 灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗必须是根除脊髓灰质炎的重要组成部分 Konstantin Chumakov and Stanley A Plotkin Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 352–353, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf215 Photo Quiz（影像问答） 27 Intracranial Lesion in a Patient With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia 慢性髓性白血病患者颅内病变 Mohammed Shakeel Sillat and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 354–357, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf441 Viral Infections（病毒性感染） 28 Respiratory Syncytial Virus Co-Detection With Other Respiratory Viruses Is Not Significantly Associated With Worse Clinical Outcomes Among Children Aged <2 Years: New Vaccine Surveillance Network, 2016–2020 在<2岁的婴幼儿中，呼吸道合胞病毒与其他呼吸道病毒共同检测与临床预后恶化无显著关联：2016-2020年新疫苗监测网络数据 Justin Z Amarin and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 358–365, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf194 29 Transfer of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) Specific T Cells in a Pediatric Patient Post-HSCT With Severe, Acyclovir-resistant HSV-1 Infection 一例异基因造血干细胞移植后严重、阿昔洛韦耐药的单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1）感染患儿的HSV-1特异性T细胞的输注 Astrid Wintering and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages 366–369, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf125 Clinical Trials（临床实验） 30 Interferon-α Nasal Spray Prophylaxis Reduces COVID-19 in Cancer Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial 干扰素-α鼻喷雾剂预防可降低癌症患者新冠病毒感染率：一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验 Michelle K Yong and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e208–e216, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf409 31 A Phase 3, Randomized Trial Investigating the Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of V116, an Adult-Specific Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine, in Pneumococcal Vaccine-Naïve Adults 18–64 Years of Age at Increased Risk of Pneumococcal Disease, STRIDE-8 一项3期随机试验，调查V116（一种成人特异性肺炎球菌结合疫苗）在未接种过肺炎球菌疫苗且患肺炎球菌疾病风险增加的18-64岁年龄段成人中的安全性、耐受性和免疫原性，STRIDE-8试验 Paul T Scott and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e217–e226, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf604 32 Effect of Direct-from-blood Bacterial Testing on Antibiotics Administration in Adults Presenting With Acute Infection: A Randomized Trial 直接从血液进行细菌检测对急性感染成年患者抗生素给药的影响：一项随机试验 David C Gaston and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e227–e235, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf677 33 The Tantalizing Pursuit for a Perfect Diagnostic Test: Balancing Innovation With Stewardship 对完美诊断检测的诱人追求：平衡创新与管理 K C Coffey and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e236–e238, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf674 Global Health and Neglected Tropical Diseases（全球健康与被忽视的热带病） 34 Diagnostic Accuracy of Tuberculosis Screening Tests in a Prospective Multinational Cohort: Chest Radiography With Computer-Aided Detection, Xpert Tuberculosis Host Response, and C-Reactive Protein 在一项前瞻性多国队列研究中，结核病筛查试验的诊断准确性：计算机辅助检测的胸部X光片、Xpert结核宿主反应检测和C反应蛋白 Rebecca Crowder and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e239–e247, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae549 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 35 Risk Assessment in a Global CVD Prevention Cohort of People With HIV by PCE, PREVENT, and SCORE2 通过PCE、PREVENT和SCORE2对全球心血管疾病预防队列中艾滋病毒感染者进行风险评估 Steven K Grinspoon and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e248–e257, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf542 36 REPRIEVE Analysis of New Cardiovascular Risk Calculators in HIV: Underpredicting Risk Means Preventing Fewer Heart Attacks HIV新心血管风险计算器的REPRIEVE分析：低估风险意味着预防的心脏病发作更少 Matthew S Durstenfeld Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e258–e261, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf543 37 Comparable Inflammatory and Metabolic Outcomes After Switching to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Versus Continuing Dolutegravir/Lamivudine in Virologically Suppressed Adults With HIV (INSTINCT/GESIDA10918 Study) 在病毒学抑制的HIV感染成人中，转换为比克替拉韦/恩曲他滨/丙酚替诺福韦与继续使用多替拉韦/拉米夫定后的炎症和代谢结局相当（INSTINCT/GESIDA10918研究） Sergio Serrano-Villar and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e262–e274, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf565 38 Tenofovir Alafenamide and Body Weight: Have We Finally Tipped the Scale? 丙酚替诺福韦与体重：我们最终是否打破了平衡？ John R Koethe Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e275–e277, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf566 39 Long-Term Clinical, Immunologic, and Viral Reservoir Outcomes in Children Treated With VRC01LS and 10-1074 Monoclonal Antibodies in the Tatelo Study 在Tatelo研究中，接受VRC01LS和10-1074单克隆抗体治疗的儿童的长期临床、免疫学和病毒储存库结局 Gbolahan Ajibola and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e278–e285, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf568 40 Trends in Persons Prescribed HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis in the United States, 2015–2023 2015-2023年美国开具HIV暴露后预防处方的患者趋势 John N Le and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e286–e295, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf581 Immunocompromised Hosts（免疫功能低下宿主） 41 Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Neutropenic Enterocolitis in Onco-Hematological Patients According to Chemotherapy Regimen 根据化疗方案分析肿瘤血液学患者中性粒细胞减少性肠结肠炎的流行病学、危险因素和预后 Anne-Sophie Brunel and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e296–e307, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf134 42 An Analysis of Cytomegalovirus-Specific Cell-Mediated Immunity in a Phase 3, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Letermovir Prophylaxis in Cytomegalovirus-Seropositive Recipients of an Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant 在一项3期随机、安慰剂对照试验中，分析来特莫韦预防对巨细胞病毒血清阳性异基因造血细胞移植受者巨细胞病毒特异性细胞介导免疫的影响 Genovefa A Papanicolaou and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e308–e315, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf646 43 Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-Specific Cell-Mediated Immunity for Prediction of Postprophylaxis CMV Disease in a Phase 3 Trial of Letermovir Versus Valganciclovir Prophylaxis in Donor CMV-Seropositive/Recipient CMV-Seronegative Kidney Transplant Recipients 在供体巨细胞病毒血清阳性/受体巨细胞病毒血清阴性的肾移植受者中，来特莫韦与缬更昔洛韦预防的3期试验中，巨细胞病毒（CMV）特异性细胞介导免疫对预防后CMV疾病的预测作用 Ajit P Limaye and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e316–e324, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf632 44 The Role of Cytomegalovirus-Specific Cellular Immunity in Transplant Recipients with Letermovir Prophylaxis: To be Determined 来特莫韦预防移植受者中巨细胞病毒特异性细胞免疫的作用：有待确定 Yoichiro Natori and Martina Sester Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e325–e327, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf633 45 IL12RB1 Deficiency Appearing in North America: Expanding the Clinical Phenotypes 北美出现的IL12RB1缺陷：拓展临床表型 Chen Wang and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e328–e331, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf637 Vaccines（疫苗） 46 A Phase IV, Open-label, Single-Arm, Multicentric Clinical Trial for Evaluation of Human Papillomavirus 9vHPV Vaccine Immunogenicity in Men Who Have Sex With Men With HIV: GeSIDA Study 10 017 一项评估人乳头瘤病毒9vHPV疫苗在感染HIV的男男性行为者中免疫原性的IV期、开放标签、单臂、多中心临床试验：GeSIDA 10 017研究 Raquel Ron and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e332–e342, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf435 47 Immunogenicity and Safety of the COVID-19 Messenger RNA Vaccine Coadministered With Influenza and 23-valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccines 与流感疫苗和23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗同时接种的COVID-19信使核糖核酸疫苗的免疫原性和安全性 Omid Rezahosseini and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e343–e351, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf455 48 Intestinal Mucosal Immune Responses to Novel Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Type 2 in Healthy Newborns 健康新生儿对新型2型口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的肠道黏膜免疫反应 Audrey Godin and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e352–e360, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf484 49 Estimated Vaccine Effectiveness for Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Related Acute Respiratory Illness in Older Adults: Findings From the First Postlicensure Season 老年人呼吸道合胞病毒相关急性呼吸道疾病的估计疫苗有效性：首个上市后季节的研究结果 Sara Y Tartof and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e361–e370, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf496 Sexually Transmitted Infections（性传播感染） 50 Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Association Between Mycoplasma genitalium and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) 生殖支原体与盆腔炎性疾病（PID）关联的系统综述和荟萃分析 Kay Htaik and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e371–e379, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae295 51 Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI)/HIV Testing, STIs, and HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Use Among Men Who Have Sex With Men and Men Who Have Sex With Men and Women in the United States, 2019–2022 2019-2022年美国男男性行为者以及男男性行为者和女性性行为者中性传播感染（STI）/HIV检测、性传播感染和HIV暴露前预防用药情况 Guoyu Tao and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e380–e386, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae314 52 Cabotegravir Maintains Protective Efficacy in the Setting of Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Secondary Analysis of HPTN 083 卡博特韦在细菌性性传播感染情况下维持保护效力：HPTN 083的二次分析 Meredith E Clement and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e387–e395, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae572 Viral Infections（病毒性感染） 53 Comprehensive Analysis of Cardiovascular Events and Risk Factors in Patients Hospitalized With Respiratory Syncytial Virus 对因呼吸道合胞病毒感染住院患者的心血管事件和危险因素的综合分析 Paulina Sudnik and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e396–e403, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf310 54 In Critical Condition: The Urgent Need to Support Mpox Therapeutic and Diagnostic Pipelines 处于危急状况：迫切需要支持猴痘治疗和诊断管线 Carmen Perez Casas and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e404–e408, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf529 Correspondence（读者来信） 55 Caution in Interpreting INSTIs and Weight in Observational Studies 在观察性研究中解读整合酶抑制剂与体重关系时需谨慎 Esteban Martínez Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Page e409, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf569 56 Weight Trajectories With Integrase Inhibitors: Unaddressed Insights and Limitations in a Chinese Cohort 整合酶抑制剂与体重变化轨迹：中国队列中未解决的见解和局限性 Yuan-Ti Lee and Shiuan-Chih Chen Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e409–e410, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf570 57 Real-World Evidence as a Complement to Randomized Trials in Interpreting Weight Gain on Modern INSTI Regimens 现实证据作为随机试验的补充，用于解读现代整合酶抑制剂方案导致的体重增加 Xinsheng Wu and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e410–e411, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf571 58 C-reactive Protein in TB Meningitis: Signal, Surrogate, or Saboteur? 结核性脑膜炎中的C反应蛋白：信号、替代指标还是破坏因素？ Patrick K Moonan and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e411–e412, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf575 59 C-Reactive Protein in Tuberculous Meningitis: A Viable Biomarker for Individualized Care 结核性脑膜炎中的C反应蛋白：个体化护理的可行生物标志物 Lillian Tugume and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e412–e413, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf576 60 The Win Ratio Should Be Complemented by Other Win Statistics to Provide a Comprehensive Picture of Relative and Absolute Treatment Effects: The Case Study of the REPRIEVE Trial 胜利比率应与其他胜利统计数据相结合，以全面呈现相对和绝对治疗效果：REPRIEVE试验案例研究 Melissa J Hardy and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e413–e414, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf587 61 Small Effects, Big Impact: Multiple Win Measures Aid Interpretation, But Do Not Forget the Bigger Picture 效应虽小，影响重大：多种胜利衡量指标有助于解读，但不要忘记整体情况 Emma Davies Smith and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e414–e416, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf588 62 Does Oral Antibiotic Switching Therapy Show Similar Efficacy to Intravenous Administration for Treating Infective Endocarditis? 口服抗生素转换疗法治疗感染性心内膜炎的疗效是否与静脉给药相似？ Jun Suzuki and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e416–e417, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf598 63 Toward a Wider Use of Oral Antibiotic Switch in Infective Endocarditis 朝着更广泛地使用感染性心内膜炎口服抗生素转换疗法迈进 Romane Pouy and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e417–e418, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf599 64 Operationalizing Sepsis Definitions With Artificial Intelligence: Toward Smarter Antibiotic Use 利用人工智能实现败血症定义的落地应用：迈向更明智的抗生素使用 James S Ford and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e418–e419, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf601 65 Balancing Innovation in Artificial Intelligence With Practical Sepsis Definitions 平衡人工智能创新与实用的败血症定义 Chanu Rhee and Michael Klompas Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e419–e420, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf602 66 Precision Prevention of Tuberculosis in Biologic Therapy: Lessons Beyond Screening Strategies 生物疗法中结核病的精准预防：筛查策略之外的启示 Shiuan-Chih Chen and Yuan-Ti Lee Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e420–e421, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf559 67 Recalibrating COVID-19 Booster Policy: Lessons From Hybrid Immunity and Global Equity Gaps 重新调整COVID-19加强针政策：从混合免疫和全球公平差距中吸取教训 Nathkapach K Rattanapitoon and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 2, 15 February 2026, Pages e421–e422, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf605 Clinical Infectious Diseases Volume 82 Issue 3 临床传染病学 82卷 3期 https://academic.oup.com/cid/issue/ ID Art Through the Ages（穿越时代的传染病技艺） 1 Dracunculiasis, 1674 1674年的麦地那龙线虫病 Mary Grizzard and Michael Grizzard Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Page i, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag089 In the Literature（文献聚焦） 2 In the Literature 文献聚焦 Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages ii–iv, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag012 State-of-the-Art Review（前沿综述） 3 State-of-the-Art Review: Managing Vulvovaginal Candidiasis 前沿综述：外阴阴道念珠菌病的治疗 Riina Rautemaa-Richardson and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 371–382, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf673 Ethics Rounds（伦理探讨） 4 CARB Your Enthusiasm: An Ethics-Informed Analysis for Clinicians of the US National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria 谨慎对待抗生素：基于伦理学分析美国国家抗耐药菌行动计划对临床医生的启示 Hunter Jackson Smith and Chelsea Modlin Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 383–388, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf478 Voices of ID（传染病之声） 5 Mothers 母亲们 Maria Koshy Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 389–390, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf338 Bacterial Infections（细菌性感染） 6 The Impact of Synergistic Therapy Between Colistin and Meropenem on Outcomes of People With Pneumonia or Bloodstream Infection Due to Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens 多粘菌素与美罗培南联合治疗对碳青霉烯类耐药革兰氏阴性菌所致肺炎或血行感染患者预后的影响 Mariya Huralska and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 391–398, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf398 7 We Cannot Overcome the Mediocrity of Colistin 我们无法忽视多粘菌素的平庸疗效 Jason C Gallagher Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 399–401, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf592 8 Comparing Clinical, Microbiological, and Genetic Definitions of Relapse in Patients With Subsequent Episodes of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bone and Joint Infection 比较耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌骨关节感染后续发作患者复发在临床、微生物学和遗传学上的定义 Kevin Bouiller and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 402–410, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf448 9 Non-Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase Attributes of the Newer β-lactam/β-lactamase Inhibitors, Part 2: Burkholderia cepacia Complex, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Acinetobacter baumannii 新型β-内酰胺/β-内酰胺酶抑制剂对非肺炎克雷伯菌碳青霉烯酶的抗菌特性，第二部分：洋葱伯克霍尔德菌复合群、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌 Andrew J Fratoni and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 411–419, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf403 Clinical Trials（临床试验） 10 Continuation Versus Temporary Interruption of Immunomodulatory Agents During Infections in Patients With Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases: A Randomized Controlled Trial 炎症性风湿性疾病患者感染期间继续使用与暂时停用免疫调节剂的随机对照试验 Merel A A Opdam and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 420–426, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf442 11 Effectiveness of Nebulized Bronchodilator-Enhanced Sputum Induction in Thai Patients With Presumed Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial (NeB-TB Trial) 泰国疑似肺结核患者中雾化支气管扩张剂增强痰诱导的有效性：一项随机对照试验（NeB-TB试验） Pichanon Mingchay and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 427–435, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf580 12 Bone Biopsy not Superior to Ulcer Bed Biopsy–guided Antibacterial Therapy on Remission of Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial 在指导用于缓解糖尿病足骨髓炎的抗菌治疗方面骨活检并不优于溃疡床活检：一项随机对照试验 Rimke S Lagrand and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 436–442, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf684 13 Do We Need a Bone Biopsy for Managing Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis? 我们是否需要对糖尿病足骨髓炎进行骨活检？ Eric M Senneville and Benjamin A Lipsky Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 443–445, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf685 Critical Care and Sepsis（重症监护与败血症） 14 Contamination of Blood Cultures Drawn From Arterial Catheters Versus Venipuncture or Venous Catheters in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis 危重患者从动脉导管与静脉穿刺或静脉导管采集血培养的污染情况：一项系统综述和荟萃分析 Takatoshi Koroki and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 446–452, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf260 15 Reassessing Procalcitonin-Guided Antibiotic Therapy in Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis: Lessons From the ADAPT-Sepsis Trial 重新评估降钙素原指导的败血症危重患者抗生素治疗：来自ADAPT-败血症试验的启示 Simran Gupta and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 453–458, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf336 Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology（传染病控制与医院流行病学） 16 Effectiveness and Safety of Methods to Prevent Bloodstream and Other Infections and Noninfectious Complications Associated With Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 预防经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管相关血行感染及其他感染和非感染性并发症的方法的有效性和安全性：一项系统综述和荟萃分析 Andreea Dobrescu and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 459–472, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf063 17 Using Generative Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare-Associated Infection Surveillance 利用生成式人工智能进行医院感染监测 Daniel J Morgan and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 473–479, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf619 18 Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Healthcare-Associated Infection Surveillance: Bridging Precision, Partnership, Practice, and People 人工智能与医院感染监测的未来：融合精准、合作、实践与人文 Mamdooh Alzyood Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 480–483, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf620 Infections in Older Adults（老年传染病学） 19 Evaluation of Influenza Antiviral Prophylaxis for Long-term Care Residents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 长期护理机构居民流感抗病毒预防的效果评价：一项系统综述和荟萃分析 Ryan Hanula and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 484–493, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf101 20 Implementation of Diagnostic Stewardship to Improve Urinary Tract Infection Antibiotic Use Across 3 Medical Centers 在三家医疗中心实施诊断管理以改善尿路感染抗生素的使用 Kimberly C Claeys and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 494–500, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf411 Pediatric and Maternal Infectious Diseases（儿科与孕产妇传染病） 21 Adverse Events of First-Line Therapy for Pediatric Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 儿童结核病一线治疗的不良反应：一项系统综述和荟萃分析 Michael Prodanuk and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 501–512, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf152 22 The Impact of Pregnancy on Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes: An Analysis of Brazilian National Surveillance Data 2016–2022 妊娠对结核病治疗效果的影响：基于2016-2022年巴西国家监测数据的分析 Silvia S Chiang and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 513–521, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf233 Photo Quiz（影像问答） 23 Persistent Fever and Back Pain After Liver Transplantation 肝移植后持续发热和背痛 Toshiyuki Kishida and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 522–525, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf489 Pediatric and Maternal Infectious Diseases（儿科与孕产妇传染病） 24 Stool Processing Methods for Xpert Ultra Testing in Childhood Tuberculosis: A Prospective, Multicountry Accuracy Study 儿童结核病Xpert Ultra检测的粪便处理方法：一项前瞻性、多国准确性研究 Devan Jaganath and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 526–534, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf289 Photo Quiz（影像问答） 25 A Bloom Beneath the Skin 皮下绽放之花 Yi Rong Chew and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 535–538, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf550 Vector-Borne Diseases（虫媒传染病） 26 Trends in Anaplasmosis Over the Past Decade: A Review of Clinical Features, Laboratory Data, and Outcomes 过去十年无形体病趋势：临床特征、实验室数据和预后回顾 Silpita Katragadda and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 539–547, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf171 27 Completion of Paired Serological Testing Algorithms for Spotted Fever Rickettsiosis and Ehrlichiosis, North Carolina: 2017–2020 斑点热立克次体病和埃里希体病配对血清学检测算法的完成情况，北卡罗来纳州：2017-2020年 Huipeng Liao and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages 548–555, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf176 COVID-19/SARS-COV-2（新冠肺炎/严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型） 28 Effect of Metformin on the Risk of Post-COVID-19 Condition Among Individuals With Overweight or Obese: A Population-based Retrospective Cohort Study 二甲双胍对超重或肥胖人群患新冠后综合征风险的影响：一项基于人群的回顾性队列研究 Ubonphan Chaichana and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e423–e432, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf429 29 Preventing Long COVID With Metformin 使用二甲双胍预防新冠长期症状 Carolyn T Bramante and David R Boulware Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e433–e435, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf700 30 Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccination and Prior Infections to Reduce Long COVID Risk During the Pre-Omicron and Omicron Periods COVID-19疫苗接种和既往感染在奥密克戎变异株出现前及奥密克戎时期降低新冠长期症状风险的有效性 Sara Carazo and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e436–e445, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf549 31 International Collaboration to Develop and Harmonize Drug Interaction Guidance for Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir During COVID-19: Lessons Learned for Future Pandemic Preparedness 国际合作制定并统一新冠期间奈玛特韦/利托那韦药物相互作用指南：为未来大流行准备汲取的经验教训 Safia Kuriakose and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e446–e454, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf606 Endovascular Infections（血管内感染） 32 Antifungal Therapy in Candida Infective Endocarditis: A Comparison of Echinocandins and Other Treatment Regimens in a Nationwide Cohort Study 念珠菌感染性心内膜炎的抗真菌治疗：一项全国队列研究中棘白菌素与其他治疗方案比较 Siri Kurland and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e455–e461, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf312 33 Should We Extend the Use of Oral Antibiotics in Infective Endocarditis? The ENDO-ORAL Study 我们是否应延长感染性心内膜炎口服抗生素的使用？ENDO-ORAL研究 Benoit Rallet and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e462–e470, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf452 34 Rethinking the Routine: Are Repeat Blood Cultures Necessary After Completion of Infective Endocarditis Treatment? 重新思考常规做法：感染性心内膜炎治疗完成后是否需要重复血培养？ Jean Regina and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e471–e474, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf617 35 Posttreatment Blood Cultures in Patients With Infective Endocarditis: Valuable, Inconsequential, or Worse? 感染性心内膜炎患者治疗后的血培养：有价值、无关紧要还是有害？ Daniel C DeSimone and Larry M Baddour Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e475–e476, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf618 Fungal Infections（真菌感染） 36 Fungal Meningitis in US Patients Who Received Epidural Anesthesia in Matamoros, Mexico 在墨西哥马塔莫罗斯接受硬膜外麻醉的美国患者中的真菌性脑膜炎 Dallas J Smith and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e477–e484, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf399 37 Empirical Antifungal Treatment of Critically ⅢPatients With Influenza-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Propensity Score Weighted Observational Study 流感相关急性呼吸窘迫综合征危重患者的经验性抗真菌治疗：一项倾向评分加权观察性研究 Stefan Hatzl and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e485–e493, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf507 38 Is Empirical Antifungal Therapy the Next Path Forward in Patients With Influenza-Associated ARDS? 经验性抗真菌治疗是否是流感相关急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者的下一步治疗方向？ Florian Reizine and Jean-Pierre Gangneux Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e494–e496, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf508 39 Valley Fever in Central California: Diagnosis is Not the Finish Line, the Real Gap is Longitudinal Care 加利福尼亚州中部山谷热：诊断并非终点，真正的差距在于纵向护理 Geetha Sivasubramanian Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e497–e502, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf728 Hepatitis（肝炎） 40 The Hepatitis C Cascade of Care for Opioid Agonist Therapy Recipients in Australia 澳大利亚接受阿片类激动剂治疗者的丙型肝炎治疗流程 Samara Griffin and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e503–e510, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf352 41 Trends in Hepatitis C Virus Infection Prevalence Among People With HIV in Spain Over 2 Decades (2002–2023) 西班牙20多年来（2002-2023年）HIV感染者中丙型肝炎病毒感染流行率的趋势 Juan Berenguer and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e511–e520, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf407 42 Gaps in the Hepatitis C Prenatal and Postpartum Care Cascade: Rationale for Treatment in Pregnancy 丙型肝炎围产期和产后治疗流程中的差距：孕期治疗的理由 Andrew B Mendlowitz and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e521–e533, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf578 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 43 Combined Use of Ibalizumab and Lenacapavir for the Treatment of Multidrug-resistant HIV-1: A Case Series 艾巴利珠单抗和来那卡帕韦联合治疗多重耐药HIV-1：病例系列研究 Charlotte Rolle and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e534–e540, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf597 44 New Strategies for a Vexing Problem: Injectables to the Rescue for People With Multidrug-Resistant HIV 棘手问题的新策略：注射剂助力多重耐药HIV感染者 William R Short and Onyema E Ogbuagu Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e541–e543, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf600 45 The Bounce-back Effect: What Happens After Cessation of Low-dose Semaglutide in People With HIV 反弹效应：HIV感染者停用低剂量司美格鲁肽后会发生什么 Kristine M Erlandson and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e544–e548, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf652 46 Infections After Kidney Transplantation From Donors With HIV to Recipients With HIV HIV阳性供体肾脏移植给HIV阳性受者后的感染情况 Elizabeth C Arant and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e549–e557, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf656 47 Infections After Kidney Transplantation from Donors with HIV to Recipients with HIV: Insights, Prevention, and the Path Forward HIV阳性供体肾脏移植给HIV阳性受者后的感染情况：见解、预防和未来方向 Abhay Dhand and Stephanie M Pouch Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e558–e560, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf657 Respiratory Infections（呼吸道传染病） 48 Multimorbidity Profiles and Severe In-Hospital Outcomes in Adults With Respiratory Syncytial Virus 成人呼吸道合胞病毒感染的多病共存情况及严重院内结局 Kevin C Ma and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e561–e570, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf405 49 Characterizing Treatment Adherence Trajectories in the endTB Multisite Cohort of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients: An Application of Group-Based Trajectory Modeling 在endTB多站点耐药结核病患者队列中描述治疗依从性轨迹：基于组别的轨迹建模应用 Stephanie Law and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e571–e579, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf467 50 Severity of Clinical Presentation and Outcomes in Hospitalized Adult People With Influenza by Type and Subtype, United States—2017–2020 2017 - 2020年美国按流感类型和亚型划分的住院成人流感患者临床表现严重程度及预后 Seana Cleary and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e580–e588, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf545 51 Reported Tuberculosis Symptoms: An Inadequate Classifier of Disease State 报告的结核病症状：疾病状态分类的不足指标 Nicky McCreesh and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e589–e594, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf611 Sexually Transmitted Infections（性传播感染） 52 Effectiveness of Updated 2023–2024 (Monovalent XBB.1.5) COVID-19 Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB and BA.2.86/JN.1 Lineage Hospitalization and a Comparison of Clinical Severity—IVY Network, 26 Hospitals, 18 October 2023–9 March 2024 2023 - 2024年更新版（单价XBB.1.5）新冠疫苗对SARS-CoV-2奥密克戎XBB和BA.2.86/JN.1谱系住院的有效性及临床严重程度比较——IVY网络，26家医院，2023年10月18日 - 2024年3月9日 Kevin C Ma and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e595–e603, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae405 53 High Prevalence of Haemophilus ducreyi Among Patients With Suspected Primary syphilis in Malawi, 2019–2022 2019 - 2022年马拉维疑似原发性梅毒患者中杜克雷嗜血杆菌的高流行率 Mitch M Matoga and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e604–e611, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf114 54 Characteristics Associated With Disseminated Gonococcal Infections vs Uncomplicated Gonorrhea: A California Case-control Study, 2021–2022 与播散性淋球菌感染（而非单纯性淋病）相关的特征：2021 - 2022年加利福尼亚病例对照研究 Kelly A Johnson and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e612–e615, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf311 Viral Infections（病毒性感染） 55 Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection Progression to Disease Among Men Who Have Sex With Men 男男性行为者肛门人乳头瘤病毒感染进展为疾病的情况 Joel M Palefsky and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e616–e625, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf584 Correspondence（读者来信） 56 Cardiac Complications of Mycoplasma pneumoniae: Overlooked Confounders, Biomarkers, and Host-Driven Shifts 肺炎支原体感染的心脏并发症：被忽视的混杂因素、生物标志物及宿主驱动的变化 Shiuan-Chih Chen and Ming-Cheng Lin Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e626–e627, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf609 57 Mycoplasma pneumoniae–Associated Cardiac Complications Revisited 重新审视肺炎支原体相关心脏并发症 Daniel Grupel and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e627–e628, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf610 58 Screening for Anal Cancer Is Associated With Real Harms and Questionable Benefits 肛门癌筛查存在实际危害且益处存疑 Chris Kenyon Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Page e628, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf613 59 Anal Cancer Screening: A Balanced Approach is Necessary 肛门癌筛查：需采取平衡的方法 Hayden S Andrews and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e628–e629, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf614 60 Collateral Benefits and Methodological Limits of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immunization for Infant Otitis Media and Antibiotic Use 呼吸道合胞病毒免疫接种对婴儿中耳炎和抗生素使用的附带益处及方法学局限 Tsai Ling Ting and Kai-Lun Sheu Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e629–e630, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf640 61 Interpretation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immunization Impact on Pediatric Acute Otitis Media: Key Considerations 解读呼吸道合胞病毒免疫接种对儿童急性中耳炎的影响：关键考量因素 Inès Fafi and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e630–e631, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf641 62 A Possible Increase in Penicillin-Resistant Strains of Treponema pallidum 梅毒螺旋体青霉素耐药菌株可能增加 Jun Suzuki and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e631–e632, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf643 63 Surveillance of Resistance-Associated Mutations in Treponema pallidum 梅毒螺旋体耐药相关突变的监测 Kai-Hsiang Chen and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e632–e633, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf645 64 Does Empirical Antifungal Therapy Reduce IAPA in Influenza-Associated ARDS? Methodological Concerns on Diagnosis, Surveillance, and Clinical Heterogeneity 经验性抗真菌治疗能否减少流感相关急性呼吸窘迫综合征（IAPA）的发生？诊断、监测和临床异质性方面的方法学问题 Ming Xue and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Pages e633–e634, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf661 65 Empirical Antifungal Therapy and IAPA in Influenza-Associated ARDS: Insights from Real-World Data 流感相关急性呼吸窘迫综合征中的经验性抗真菌治疗和IAPA：来自现实数据的见解 Stefan Hatzl and Robert Krause Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 3, 15 March 2026, Page e634, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf664 Clinical Infectious Diseases Volume 82 Issue Supplement_2 临床传染病学 82卷增刊2期 https://academic.oup.com/cid/issue/82/Supplement_2 SUPPLEMENT（增刊） Advancing Tuberculosis Research Through RePORT International: Enhancing Treatment Outcomes, Predicting Disease Progression, and Improving Diagnosis 通过结核病区域性前瞻性观察研究国际联盟（RePORT International）推动结核病研究：提高治疗效果、预测疾病进展及改善诊断 SUPPLEMENT ARTICLES（增补论著） 1 A Narrative Review of the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis International Consortium: Sharing Diverse Data and Specimens in the Fight Against Tuberculosis 结核病区域性前瞻性观察研究国际联盟的叙述性综述：在抗击结核病中共享多样数据和样本 Rajita Bhavaraju and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_2, 15 April 2026, Pages S53–S59, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag151 2 Long-term Sequelae of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Narrative Review 长期肺部结核后遗症：一项叙述性综述 Akshay N Gupte and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_2, 15 April 2026, Pages S60–S67, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag123 3 From Exposure to Disease: Predicting Tuberculosis Progression 从接触感染到发病：预测结核病进展 Mariana Araújo-Pereira and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_2, 15 April 2026, Pages S68–S74, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag125 4 Asymptomatic Tuberculosis Across the Disease Spectrum: A Scoping Review of Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Public Health Implications 疾病谱中的无症状结核：一项关于流行病学、诊断和公共卫生影响的范围综述 Beatriz Barreto Duarte and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_2, 15 April 2026, Pages S75–S84, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag150 Clinical Infectious Diseases Volume 82 Issue 4 临床传染病学 82卷 4期 https://academic.oup.com/cid/issue/ ID Art Through the Ages（穿越时光的传染病学技艺） 1 La Petite Vérole 天花 Mary Grizzard and Michael Grizzard Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Page i, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag118 In the Literature（文献精选） 2 In the Literature 文献精选 Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages ii–v, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag013 Joint Editorial（联合社论） 3 Protocols for Randomized Controlled Trials: Advancing Transparency in Infectious Diseases 随机对照试验方案：推动传染病领域透明度提升 Jean-Jacques Parienti and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Page 557, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag198 Clinical Dilemmas in Infectious Diseases（临床传染病疑难杂症） 4 Uncertain Terrain 不确定的领域 Kap Sum Foong and Sara W Dong Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 558–561, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf283 Voices of ID（传染病之声） 5 Lessons I Learned from Our Soldier 我从我们的士兵身上学到的经验 Mitchell J Schwaber Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 562–563, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf433 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 6 Long-Acting Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine, Lenacapavir, and Ibalizumab Use Among Persons With HIV-1 Viremia at a Ryan White-Funded Clinic in the Urban US South 美国南部城市由瑞安·怀特资助的诊所中，HIV-1病毒血症患者使用长效卡博特韦/利匹韦林、来那卡帕韦和艾巴利珠单抗的情况 Jonathan A Colasanti and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 564–574, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf425 7 In the Mismatch: Viral Suppression Despite Low Tenofovir-Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study/Women's Interagency HIV Study Combined Cohort 矛盾现象：在多中心艾滋病队列研究/妇女跨机构HIV研究联合队列中，尽管干燥血斑中磷酸替诺福韦水平低，但仍能实现病毒抑制 Sarah C Mann and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 575–582, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf509 8 Prognostic Value of Blood Epigenetic Biomarkers of Aging in Persons With Well-Controlled HIV-1 Infection 血液衰老表观遗传生物标志物在HIV-1感染控制良好人群中的预后价值 Patricia Martínez-Martín and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 583–591, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf537 9 HIV Resistance to Dolutegravir Varies With Coadministered Agents HIV对多替拉韦的耐药性随联合用药的不同而有所差异 Ingrid A Beck and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 592–596, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf481 Immunocompromised Hosts（免疫功能低下宿主） 10 Letermovir Prophylaxis Guided by Cytomegalovirus Cell-Mediated Immunity Improves the Outcomes of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients 基于巨细胞病毒细胞介导免疫的莱特莫韦预防可改善异体基因造血干细胞移植受者的预后 Luxiang Wang and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 597–606, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf410 11 Changing Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: A Retrospective National Cohort Study 进行性多灶性白质脑病临床和实验室特征的变化：一项回顾性全国队列研究 Ilaria Mainardi and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 607–617, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf501 12 Respiratory Syncytial Virus After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy: Risk Factors and Outcomes in a Multicenter Retrospective Cohort 嵌合抗原受体T细胞疗法后呼吸道合胞病毒感染：一项多中心回顾性队列研究中的风险因素和预后 Maria Isabel Sotelo-Alva and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 618–621, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag052 Respiratory Infections（呼吸道感染） 13 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) Position Statement: Why IDSA Did Not Endorse the Community-Acquired Pneumonia Guidelines 2025 Update 美国传染病学会（IDSA）立场声明：为何IDSA未认可《2025年社区获得性肺炎指南》更新版 Michael Klompas and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 622–624, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf625 14 We Dissent: Lessons From the 2025 Community-Acquired Pneumonia Guidelines 我们持不同意见：从《2025年社区获得性肺炎指南》中汲取的教训 Leila S Hojat and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 625–629, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf626 15 Associations Between Antibiotic Use and Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia and Positive Respiratory Viral Assays 社区获得性肺炎且呼吸道病毒检测呈阳性住院患者抗生素使用与预后的关联 Brett Biebelberg and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 630–638, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf687 16 Comparative Effectiveness of Azithromycin Versus Doxycycline in Hospitalized Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia Treated With Beta-Lactams: A Multicenter Matched Cohort Study 联合β-内酰胺类药物治疗社区获得性肺炎的住院患者中，阿奇霉素与多西环素疗效的比较：一项多中心匹配队列研究 Yewande E Odeyemi and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 639–647, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf252 17 Target Trial Emulation of Empiric Antibiotics on Clinical Outcomes in Moderately Immunocompromised Patients Hospitalized With Pneumonia 针对中度免疫功能低下肺炎住院患者，经验性抗生素对临床预后的目标试验模拟研究 Louis Saravolatz and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 648–657, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf344 18 Impact of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immunization on the Rate of Pediatric Acute Otitis Media: A Time-series Analysis 呼吸道合胞病毒免疫接种对儿童急性中耳炎发生率的影响：一项时间序列分析 Inès Fafi and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 658–664, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf564 Vaccines（疫苗） 19 LC16m8 for Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Against Mpox in a High-Risk Population: An Open-Label Randomized Trial 使用LC16m8针对高危人群进行猴痘暴露前预防：一项开放标签随机试验 Nobumasa Okumura and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 665–672, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf074 20 Immunogenicity and Safety of 2 Versus 3 Doses of 9-Valent Vaccine Against Human Papillomavirus in Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: The Papillon Randomized Trial 在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的女性中，接种2剂与3剂九价人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的免疫原性和安全性：Papillon随机试验 Deborah Konopnicki and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 673–681, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf241 21 Screening and Vaccination Rates for Tetanus, Hepatitis A, and Hepatitis B Among Individuals With Substance Use Disorders Hospitalized in an Integrated US Health System 在美国综合医疗机构中住院的成瘾性患者的破伤风、甲型肝炎和乙型肝炎筛查及接种率 Jennifer H Ku and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 682–688, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf251 22 Atrial Fibrillation After Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination Among Older Adults 老年人接种呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗后发生心房颤动的情况 Morgan Birabaharan and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 689–691, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciae649 23 Approaches to Comparing Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness to Guide Potential Preferential Product Recommendations 比较流感疫苗有效性的方法，以指导可能的优先产品推荐 Edward A Belongia and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 692–697, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf563 Viral Infections（病毒性感染） 24 Clinical Features and Outcomes of Human Herpesvirus-6 DNAemia in Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Multicenter Analysis 危重患者人类疱疹病毒6型DNA血症的临床特征和预后：一项回顾性多中心分析 Margot Combet and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 698–708, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf199 25 Kaposi Sarcoma–Associated Herpesvirus Risk and Disease in Kidney Donors and Transplant Recipients With HIV in the United States 美国HIV感染肾捐赠者和移植受者中卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒的风险和疾病 Puja H Nambiar and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 709–719, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf229 26 Clinical Outcomes of Mpox Disease in Patients Treated With Tecovirimat 接受特考韦瑞治疗的猴痘病患者的临床预后 Ciarra Leocadio and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 720–726, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf520 27 Effective Antivirals in Pandemic Preparedness: Past Mistakes, Future Needs 大流行防范中的有效抗病毒药物：过去的错误，未来的需求 Antonios-Periklis Panagiotopoulos and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 727–733, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf648 Photo Quizzes（影像问答） 28 From Soil to Skin: An Unexpected Cause of Necrotizing Cellulitis 从土壤到皮肤：坏死性蜂窝织炎的意外病因 Erica Peak and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 734–737, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf555 29 A 67-year-Old Immunocompromised Male Presenting With Right Upper-Quadrant Abdominal Pain and Hepatic Lesions 一例67岁免疫功能低下男性，出现右上腹疼痛和肝脏病变 Sara Yousef Zadeh Shoushtari and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages 738–741, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf729 Bacterial Infections（细菌性感染） 30 Patient-reported Perceptions, Experiences, and Preferences Around Intravenous and Oral Antibiotics for the Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: A Descriptive Qualitative Study 金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症患者对静脉和口服抗生素治疗的自我报告认知、体验和偏好：一项描述性质性研究 Genevieve Walls and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e635–e642, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf522 31 Reproducible Identification of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Clinical Subphenotypes 金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症临床亚型的可重复性识别 Maaike C Swets and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e643–e651, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf655 32 Disease Trends and Mortality From Invasive Pneumococcal Disease: A Long-Term Population-Based Study 侵袭性肺炎球菌病的疾病趋势和死亡率：一项长期人群基础研究 Hörður Tryggvi Bragason and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e652–e661, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf670 33 When and How to Use Subcutaneous Antibiotics 皮下注射抗生素的使用时机和方法 Stefano Di Bella and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e662–e673, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf691 Clinical Trials（临床实验） 34 Using the Comparing Oral versus Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (COPAT) Clinical Trial to Influence Institutional Practice Transformation Towards Earlier Transition to Oral Antibiotics 利用口服与肠外抗菌治疗比较（COPAT）临床实验推动机构实践转型，以更早地过渡到口服抗生素治疗 Joy J Juskowich and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e674–e681, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf707 35 The Fate of Oral Meds 口服药物的命运 Monica V Mahoney Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e682–e683, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf708 36 Early Symptom Response in Patients With Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection Treated With Gepotidacin or Nitrofurantoin: Pooled Analysis From Two Pivotal Phase 3 Studies 接受吉泊西汀或呋喃妥因治疗的无并发症尿路感染患者的早期症状反应：两项关键性3期研究的汇总分析 Amanda J Sheets and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e684–e692, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf722 37 Regional Variations of Rates and Determinants of Drug Resistance Mutations in People Failing First-line Therapy for HIV-1: A Substudy from the D2EFT Phase 3b/4 Clinical Trial HIV-1一线治疗失败人群中耐药突变发生率和决定因素的区域差异：D2EFT 3b/4期临床试验的子研究 Billal Musah Obeng and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e693–e704, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf739 38 What's Hot This Year in ID Clinical Science 2025 2025年传染病临床学科领域的年度热点 Jeffrey A Freiberg and Patty W Wright Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e705–e709, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf740 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 39 Impact of Vaginal Estradiol on the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause, Vaginal Microbiome and Mucosal Immune Mediators in Women With HIV 阴道雌二醇对HIV感染女性绝经生殖泌尿综合征、阴道微生物群和黏膜免疫介质的影响 Kerry Murphy and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e710–e719, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf669 40 Pharmacokinetics of Twice-daily Tenofovir Alafenamide in Adults With HIV-associated Tuberculosis on Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide and Rifampicin 在接受比克替拉韦/恩曲他滨/丙酚替诺福韦和利福平治疗的HIV相关结核病成人患者中，每日两次丙酚替诺福韦的药代动力学 Emmanuella Chinonso Osuala and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e720–e727, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf732 41 Integrating HIV and Stimulant-Use Disorder Treatment: A Pilot Implementation Effectiveness Trial of Contingency Management in HIV Care 整合HIV和兴奋剂使用障碍治疗：在HIV护理中开展应急管理试点实施效果试验 Ayesha Appa and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e728–e734, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag006 42 Hepatitis B Reactivation in a US Cohort of People With HIV and Hepatitis B Core Antibody After Switch to Antiretroviral Therapy Without Hepatitis B Activity 美国HIV和乙型肝炎核心抗体阳性人群在转换为无抗乙肝病毒活性的抗逆转录病毒治疗后乙型肝炎复发的队列研究 Rachel V Denyer and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e735–e742, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag001 43 Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in People With HIV After Treatment With Non-hepatitis B Virus-Active Antiretroviral Therapy 接受无抗乙肝病毒活性的抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV感染者乙型肝炎病毒复发情况 Amir M Mohareb and Anders Boyd Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e743–e745, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag002 44 The Potential Effect of Ending Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Funding for HIV Tests: A Modeling Study in 18 States 终止美国疾病控制与预防中心对HIV检测资助的潜在影响：对18个州的建模研究 Ruchita Balasubramanian and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e746–e754, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag038 45 Cutting Federal Funds for HIV Testing Means Not Ending the HIV Epidemic 削减HIV检测的联邦资金意味着无法终结HIV流行 Sarah E Scott and Joshua A Barocas Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e755–e756, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag039 Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology（感染控制与医院流行病学） 46 Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial of Enhanced Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Prevention Program in General Medicine Wards, Siriraj Hospital 西拉查医院普通内科病房强化碳青霉烯类耐药肠杆菌科细菌预防计划的整群随机对照试验 Apiradee Taweesuk and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e757–e764, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf523 47 Risk Factors Associated With Progression to Clinical Candida auris Infection Among Adults With Previous Colonization—Florida, 2019–2023 2019-2023年佛罗里达州既往定植的成人进展为临床耳念珠菌感染的相关风险因素 Katharine E Saunders and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e765–e772, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf551 48 Using Generative Artificial Intelligence to Identify Central Line–associated Bloodstream Infections 利用生成式人工智能识别中心静脉导管相关血流感染 Daniel J Morgan and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e773–e780, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf636 49 Infection Control in Carceral Facilities 监狱设施中的感染控制 Amadin A Olotu and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e781–e790, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf479 50 Infection Prevention and Control in Carceral Settings 监狱环境中的感染预防与控制 April N McDougal and Lara B Strick Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e791–e793, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf480 51 Impact of Discontinuation of Contact Precautions on Healthcare-associated Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in a Large Tertiary Care Hospital: An Interrupted Time-series Analysis 一家大型三级医院停止接触预防措施对医院获得性产超广谱β-内酰胺酶大肠埃希菌的影响：一项中断时间序列分析 Stefano Musumeci and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e794–e798, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf594 Respiratory Infections（呼吸道感染） 52 Estimating Risk of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in US Medicare-enrolled Older Adults Following Medically Attended Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease: A Self-controlled Case Series Analysis 美国医疗保险参保老年人因需就医的呼吸道合胞病毒疾病后患吉兰-巴雷综合征的风险评估：一项自我对照病例系列分析 Caihua Liang and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e799–e806, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf621 53 Independent Testing to Accelerate the Development of Lateral Flow Assays for Influenza A, Influenza B and SARS-COV-2 独立检测以加速甲型流感、乙型流感和严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型侧流层析检测法的开发 Anuradha Rao and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e807–e815, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf660 54 Diagnostic Yield of Tongue Swab- Compared to Sputum-Based Molecular Testing for Tuberculosis in Four High-Burden Countries 在四个高负担国家，与痰液分子检测相比，舌拭子检测对结核病的诊断效果 Caitlin A Moe and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e816–e823, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag077 55 Are We Ready for the Gift Tongues Can Give to Tuberculosis? 我们准备好接受舌头为结核病诊断带来的“馈赠”了吗？ Michael R Barer Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e824–e825, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag078 Sexually Transmitted Infections（性传播感染） 56 Evaluating the Impact of Implementing and Scaling-Up the Use of Syphilis Rapid/Point-of-Care Tests: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis of New Syphilis Positivity Rates in Alberta, Canada 评估实施和扩大梅毒快速/即时检测使用的影响：加拿大阿尔伯塔省新发梅毒阳性率的中断时间序列分析 L Alexa Thompson and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e826–e835, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf651 57 Human Papillomavirus-Related Anal Precancerous Lesions in Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Comparative Study of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Users and HIV-Positive Individuals 男男性行为者中与人乳头瘤病毒相关的肛门癌前病变：暴露前预防用药者与HIV阳性者的对比研究 Magali Surmont and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e836–e842, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf724 58 Is 3 Really What We Need? Relative Effectiveness of Benzathine Penicillin G and Doxycycline Treatment Regimens for Late or Unknown Duration Syphilis in 6 US Jurisdictions, 2016–2021 我们需要“3”吗？2016-2021年美国6个司法管辖区晚期或病程不明梅毒患者使用苄星青霉素G和多西环素治疗方案的相对疗效 River A Pugsley and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e843–e851, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag099 59 Strong Real-World Evidence That a Single Dose of Benzathine Penicillin G or a 28-Day Course of Oral Doxycycline Is Not Inferior to 3 Doses of Benzathine Penicillin G for the Treatment of Late Latent or Unknown Duration Syphilis 强力现实证据表明，单剂苄星青霉素G或28天口服多西环素治疗晚期潜伏梅毒或病程不明梅毒的疗效并不逊于3剂苄星青霉素G Noah Kojima and Jeffrey D Klausner Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e852–e854, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag101 Vaccines（疫苗） 60 Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of Revaccination With mRNA-1345, an mRNA Vaccine Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Administered 12 Months Following a Primary Dose in Adults Aged ≥50 Years 对≥50岁成年人，在初次接种12个月后再次接种针对呼吸道合胞病毒的mRNA疫苗mRNA-1345的安全性、耐受性和免疫原性 Jaya Goswami and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e855–e862, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf515 61 Analysis of Antibody Markers as Immune Correlates of Risk of Severe COVID-19 in the PREVENT-19 Efficacy Trial of the NVX-CoV2373 Recombinant Protein Vaccine 在NVX-CoV2373重组蛋白疫苗PREVENT-19有效性试验中，抗体标志物作为严重新型冠状病毒肺炎风险免疫相关因素的分析 Youyi Fong and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e863–e874, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf558 62 Is It Time to Reassess the Target Age of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Globally? 现在是时候重新评估全球人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种的目标年龄了吗？ Edie Brassington and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e875–e883, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf679 63 Preschool or Infant Human Papillomavirus Immunization? 学龄前还是婴儿期接种人乳头瘤病毒疫苗？ Mark A Kane and Eduardo L Franco Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e884–e886, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf678 Correspondence（读者来信） 64 Caution in Interpreting Equivalence From Nonsignificant Findings in Antiretroviral Switch Studies 谨慎解读抗逆转录病毒药物转换研究中非显著性结果得出的等效性结论 Esteban Martinez Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e887–e888, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf675 65 Clarifying INSTINCT: Switching From Dolutegravir/Lamivudine to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Shows Comparable Inflammatory and Weight Outcomes 阐明INSTINCT研究：从多替拉韦/拉米夫定转换为比克替拉韦/恩曲他滨/丙酚替诺福韦显示出相似的炎症和体重结果 Sergio Serrano-Villar and Santiago Moreno Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e888–e889, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf676 66 Can Doxycycline Prophylaxis Indirectly Reduce Congenital Syphilis? 多西环素预防能否间接降低先天性梅毒的发生率？ Kalpana Gopalkrishnan and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e889–e891, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf694 67 The Urgency of Now: Congenital Syphilis in the Doxycycline Post-exposure Prophylaxis Era 迫在眉睫：多西环素暴露后预防时代的先天性梅毒问题 Matthew A Spinelli and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Page e891, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf695 68 Routine HIV RNA Testing During Injectable Cabotegravir and Oral Preexposure Prophylaxis Use 注射用卡博特韦和口服暴露前预防用药期间进行常规HIV RNA检测 Angelo Roberto Raccagni and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e891–e892, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf702 69 Simplifying Testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus During Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Monitoring 简化暴露前预防监测期间的人类免疫缺陷病毒检测 Weiming Zhu and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e892–e893, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf703 70 Methodological Considerations in Evaluating Oral Antivirals for B-Cell-Depleted Patients 评估B细胞耗竭患者口服抗病毒药物的方法学考量 Wenjing Chen and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e893–e894, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf717 71 Target Trial Emulation of Oral Antivirals for B-Cell-Depleted COVID-19 Patients—Reply to Chen et al B细胞耗竭型新型冠状病毒肺炎患者口服抗病毒药物的靶试验模拟——回复Chen等人的评论 Xiaofeng F Wang and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e894–e895, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf718 72 Misleading Conclusion That Is Not in Accordance With the Results of the Reported Randomized, Controlled Trial 与所报告的随机对照试验结果不符的误导性结论 Charlotte Strøm Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e895–e896, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf659 73 Vaccine Policy Pendulum: A Lesson From Japan 疫苗政策摇摆不定：日本的教训 Masaki Machida and Wakaba Fukushima Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e896–e897, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf689 74 Herpes Zoster, Vaccine, and Stroke Risk 带状疱疹、疫苗与中风风险 Shih-Wei Lai and Sheng-Chun Chiu Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 4, 15 April 2026, Pages e897–e898, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf725 Clinical Infectious Diseases Volume 82 Issue Supplement_4 临床传染病学 82卷增刊4期 https://academic.oup.com/cid/issue/82/Supplement_4 SUPPLEMENT（增刊） IDWeek Industry Highlights 2025 传染病之周2025 行业亮点 SUPPLEMENT ARTICLES（增补论著） 1 Selected Industry Highlights From IDWeek 2025 传染病之周2025 精选行业亮点 Jean-Jacques Parienti and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_4, 15 May 2026, Pages S85–S86, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag206 2 Differing Presentations of Excess Visceral Abdominal Fat in People Living With HIV: Two Clinical Cases Highlighting Distinct Therapeutic Pathways With Tesamorelin and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists HIV感染者内脏腹部脂肪过多的不同表现：两例临床病例展示特沙莫瑞林与胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂的不同治疗路径 Robin Beach and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_4, 15 May 2026, Pages S87–S91, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag121 3 Metagenomic Next-generation Sequencing in Central Nervous System Infections: Clinical Strategies, Evidence, and Best Practices 宏基因组二代测序在中枢神经系统感染中的应用：临床策略、证据与最佳实践 Greer Waldrop and Sumanth P Reddy Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_4, 15 May 2026, Pages S92–S99, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag120 Clinical Infectious Diseases Volume 82 Issue 5 临床传染病学 82卷 5期 https://academic.oup.com/cid/issue/ ID Art Through the Ages（穿越时代的传染病技艺） 1 Vaccination Detail, Detroit Industry 疫苗接种细节，底特律工业 Mary Grizzard and Michael Grizzard Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Page i, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag119 In the Literature（本期精选） 2 In the Literature 本期精选 Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages ii–iv, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag180 Voices of ID（传染病之声） 3 Infected With the Academic Bug 染上学术热 Sigrun Einarsdottir Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 743–744, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf546 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 4 Predictive Value of C-reactive Protein for Hospitalization and Mortality Among People With Advanced HIV Disease in Uganda Receiving the World Health Organization-recommended Package of Care C反应蛋白对乌干达接受世界卫生组织推荐治疗方案的晚期HIV疾病患者住院和死亡的预测价值 Elizabeth L Schwartz and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 745–752, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf560 5 Effects of Semaglutide on Cognitive Function in People With HIV: A Randomized, Controlled Trial 塞马谷肽对HIV感染者认知功能的影响：一项随机对照试验 Ornina Atieh and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 753–761, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf577 6 Earlier Initiation of Treatment Following HIV Acquisition Reduces Non-AIDS-defining Malignancy Risk HIV感染后尽早启动治疗可降低非艾滋病相关性恶性肿瘤风险 Iris A J van der Wulp and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 762–772, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf595 7 Let's Get It Started: Early Antiretroviral Treatment After HIV Acquisition Reduces Non–AIDS-Defining Malignancies 让我们开始吧：HIV感染后尽早启动抗逆转录病毒治疗可减少非艾滋病相关性恶性肿瘤 Nancy Crum Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 773–775, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf596 8 Trends in Age-Related Health Outcomes in People with HIV in Spain, 2006–2023 2006–2023年西班牙HIV感染者年龄相关健康结局的趋势 Javier Martínez-Sanz and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 776–784, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf622 9 Emergent HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Randomized Trials of Contemporary Antiretroviral Regimens 当代抗逆转录病毒方案随机试验中新发HIV-1耐药性 Josep M Llibre and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 785–798, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf471 Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology（感染控制与医院流行病学） 10 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transmission in Healthcare Settings: A Systematic Review of Frequency, Risk Factors, and Exposure Conditions 医疗机构中结核分枝杆菌传播：频率、危险因素及暴露条件的系统综述 Fizza Manzoor and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 799–807, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag053 Medical Microbiology（医学微生物学） 11 Metagenomic Next-generation Sequencing of Cerebrospinal Fluid: First-year Experience at a Tertiary Referral Hospital 脑脊液宏基因组二代测序：一家三级转诊医院首年经验 Sergio Alvarez Mulett and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 808–814, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf390 12 Navigating Nomenclature in Patient Care: Taxonomy Considerations From the College of American Pathologists’Microbiology Committee 患者诊疗中的命名导航：美国病理学家学会微生物学委员会的分类学考量 Jennifer Dien Bard and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 815–821, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf474 13 Implementing Point-of-Care Testing in Infectious Diseases 在感染性疾病中实施床旁检测 Jean-Claude Nguyen Van and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 822–828, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf650 Mycobacterial Infections（分枝杆菌感染） 14 Impact of Diabetes Mellitus in Tuberculosis (TB) Patients on TB Transmission 糖尿病对结核病（TB）患者TB传播的影响 Chuan-Chin Huang and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 829–840, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf647 15 Association of Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis With Crohn's Disease: A Large Multicenter Study From a Tuberculosis-Endemic Region 副结核分枝杆菌与克罗恩病的关联：来自结核病流行地区的一项大型多中心研究 Sudheer Kumar Vuyyuru and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 841–847, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf738 16 Short-Course Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy in a High Migration Setting: Early Experience With 1HP in Cook County, Illinois 高移民背景下的短程结核病预防性治疗：库克县（伊利诺伊州）1HP方案的早期经验 Samuel Starke and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 848–851, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf723 17 Role of Low-Dose Infliximab for Inflammatory Complications of Central Nervous System Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study 低剂量英夫利昔单抗在中枢神经系统结核炎性并发症中的作用：一项回顾性队列研究 Selwyn Selva Kumar D and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 852–856, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf573 18 Targeting Inflammation in Tuberculous Meningitis Treatment 靶向结核性脑膜炎治疗中的炎症 Guy E Thwaites Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 857–859, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf574 Pediatric and Maternal Infectious（儿科与孕产妇感染） 19 A 15-year Single-center Analysis of Late-onset Group B Streptococcus Infection Correlating Clinical Severity With Pathogen Virulence Determinants 晚发型B族链球菌感染的15年单中心分析：临床严重程度与病原体毒力因子的相关性 Carl Britto and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 860–867, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf603 20 Evaluating Personal and Environmental Decolonization Strategies for Children With Skin and Soft Tissue Infection and Their Households — A Randomized Clinical Trial 评估皮肤和软组织感染儿童及其家庭的个人与环境去定植策略——一项随机临床试验 Alaina L Robinson and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 868–877, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf627 Surgical Infectious Diseases（外科感染） 21 Impact of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE)–Active Perioperative Prophylaxis in Liver Transplant Patients Colonized by VRE 万古霉素耐药肠球菌（VRE）主动围手术期预防对VRE定植肝移植受者的影响 Giulia Jole Burastero and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 878–887, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf121 22 Cephalosporins Versus Non-cephalosporin Antibiotics for Perioperative Prophylaxis in Primary Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 头孢菌素与非头孢菌素类抗生素在初次关节置换术围手术期预防中的比较：系统综述与荟萃分析 Rita Igwilo-Alaneme and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 888–900, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag172 Photo Quizzes（影像问答） 23 Safari Souvenir: A Case of Fever in a Returning Traveler safari纪念品：一例返程旅行者发热病例 Nicole L Kusnik and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 901–903, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag129 24 Diagnostic Pitfalls—When First Appearances Can Deceive 诊断陷阱——当表象具有欺骗性 Annie Caldwell and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages 904–907, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag044 Clinical Trials（临床试验） 25 Evaluation of a Remote Therapeutic Monitoring Device and Integrated Care Platform in Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy 远程治疗监测设备与综合护理平台在门诊肠外抗微生物治疗中的评估 Emily A Siegrist and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e899–e909, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag009 26 Dolutegravir Reduces Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Proviral Load and Improves Neurological Outcomes in a Phase 2 Controlled Trial 多替拉韦降低人T淋巴细胞病毒1型前病毒载量并改善神经系统预后：一项2期对照试验 Carlos Brites and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e910–e920, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag163 27 Dolutegravir Appears to Lower Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Proviral Load: The Emerging Rational Approach to Treatment of HTLV-1–Associated Myelopathy 多替拉韦似乎可降低人T淋巴细胞病毒1型（HTLV-1）前病毒载量：HTLV-1相关脊髓病治疗的新兴理性方法 Eric A Meyerowitz Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e921–e922, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag164 COVID-19 / SARS COV-2（新冠肺炎/严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型） 28 Overlapping Clinical Presentation of Long COVID and Postacute COVID-19 Vaccination Syndrome: Phenotypes, Severity, and Biomarkers 长效新冠与急性新冠疫苗接种后综合征的临床表现重叠：表型、严重程度及生物标志物 Lawrence Purpura and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e923–e931, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf624 29 Integrating Genomic Data into Test-negative Designs for Estimating Lineage-specific COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness 将基因组数据整合入检测阴性设计以估计谱系特异性COVID-19疫苗有效性 Kevin C Ma and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e932–e941, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag059 Hepatitis（肝炎） 30 Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in People With HIV HIV感染者经直接抗病毒药物治疗丙型肝炎病毒后肝细胞癌的风险 Daniela K van Santen and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e942–e950, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf635 31 Fatal Overdose, Acute Viral Hepatitis, and HIV Attributed to Injection Drug Use, Appalachian Region of the United States, 2000–2023 阿巴拉契亚地区2000–2023年注射吸毒导致的致命过量、急性病毒性肝炎及HIV Danae Bixler and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e951–e959, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf730 32 Estimated Hepatitis C Prevalence and Viral Clearance Using Residual Sera From a Large Commercial Laboratory: November 2023–September 2024 利用大型商业实验室剩余血清估算丙型肝炎患病率及病毒清除率：2023年11月至2024年9月 Megan G Hofmeister and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e960–e966, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag007 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 33 State AIDS Drug Assistance Programs’Contribution to the US Viral Suppression, 2015–2022 美国各州艾滋病药物援助项目对全美病毒抑制的贡献，2015–2022年 Kathleen A McManus and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e967–e973, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag034 34 Centering AIDS Drug Assistance Programs in the US HIV Response 将艾滋病药物援助项目置于美国HIV应对的核心 Benjamin P Linas Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e974–e975, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag035 35 Association of Immunodeficiency and HIV Viremia With Cervical Precancer and Cancer Risk Among Women With HIV in South Africa 南非HIV感染女性中免疫缺陷和HIV病毒血症与宫颈癌前病变及癌症风险的关联 Yann Ruffieux and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e976–e983, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag093 36 Antiretroviral Activity, Pharmacokinetics, and Safety of MK-8527, an Oral Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Translocation Inhibitor, in Adults With HIV-1 Who Had Not Previously Taken Antiretroviral Agents: Results From 2 Open-Label, Phase 1 Studies MK-8527（一种口服核苷逆转录酶转位抑制剂）在既往未接受过抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV-1感染成人中的抗逆转录病毒活性、药代动力学及安全性：来自两项开放标签1期研究的结果 Russ P Carstens and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e984–e991, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag135 37 Point-of-Care Urine Tenofovir Drug-Level Feedback Counseling Improves Long-Term Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Adherence for US Men Who Have Sex With Men in Pilot RCT 床旁尿液替诺福韦药物浓度反馈咨询改善美国男男性行为者长期暴露前预防用药依从性——一项先导随机对照试验 Matthew A Spinelli and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e992–e995, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag080 Mycobacterial Infections（分枝杆菌感染） 38 Diagnostic Accuracy of the STANDARD F TB-Feron FIA Assay for Tuberculosis Infection in Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study STANDARD F TB-Feron FIA检测在越南结核感染诊断中的准确性：一项横断面研究 Han Thi Nguyen and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e996–e1004, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf561 39 Asymptomatic Tuberculosis in Children With Household Exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis 有结核分枝杆菌家庭接触史儿童中的无症状结核病 Humphrey Mulenga and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1005–e1013, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf562 40 Insights into the Role of Rifampicin Exposure and Clinical Baseline Covariates on the Response to Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treatment 利福平暴露及临床基线协变量对肺结核治疗反应影响的深入认识 Marie Wijk and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1014–e1022, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf586 41 Tuberculosis Infection Screening Recommendations for Targeted Immunotherapies: Comparison of US Prescribing Information, Clinical Resources, and Quality Measures 靶向免疫治疗的结核感染筛查建议：美国处方信息、临床资源与质量指标的比较 Matthew T Murrill and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1023–e1035, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf628 42 Pharmacokinetics of Dexamethasone in Tuberculous Meningitis 地塞米松在结核性脑膜炎中的药代动力学 Jose M Calderin and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1036–e1042, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf642 43 One Piece in the Puzzle of Tuberculous Meningitis: Dexamethasone Pharmacokinetics 结核性脑膜炎拼图中的一块：地塞米松药代动力学 Tjip S van der Werf and Marieke G G Sturkenboom Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1043–e1044, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf644 44 Future Prospects for Using Clinical Phenotypes in Tuberculosis Precision Medicine—An Approach for Clinical Management 临床表型用于结核精准医学的未来前景——一种临床管理方法 Katarina Niward and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1045–e1052, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf663 Pediatric and Maternal Infectious Diseases（儿科与孕产妇感染） 45 Maternal, Pregnancy, and Infant Outcomes in Women Treated for Multidrug-Resistant/Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis With Novel and Repurposed Drugs in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa 南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省接受新型及重新利用药物治疗耐多药/利福平耐药结核病的女性的母婴预后 Marian Loveday and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1053–e1062, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf593 46 Pregnant Women With Multidrug-Resistant/Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis and the All-Oral 6-Month Regimen: Experiences From a Patient Series in South Africa 南非耐多药/利福平耐药结核病孕妇与全口服6个月方案：一例系列患者的经验 Marian Loveday and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1063–e1071, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag032 47 Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Shedding and T-cell Immune Responses in HCMV-seropositive Women During Pregnancy and Postpartum: Prevalence, Natural History, and Risk Factors HCMV血清阳性女性孕期及产后人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）排毒和T细胞免疫应答：患病率、自然史及危险因素 Shari Sapuan and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1072–e1082, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag076 Vaccines（疫苗） 48 Safety and Immunogenicity of a Fourth Dose of Omicron BA.1–Adapted BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccines in Adults 18–55 Years Old 奥密克戎BA.1适配BNT162b2 COVID-19疫苗第四剂在18–55岁成人中的安全性和免疫原性 Patricia Winokur and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1083–e1092, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag026 49 Immunogenicity and Safety of the AS01E-adjuvanted Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Prefusion F Protein Vaccine in Adults Aged 18–49 Years at Increased Risk of RSV Disease Compared with Adults Aged ≥60 Years AS01E佐剂呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）预融合F蛋白疫苗在18–49岁RSV高风险成人中与≥60岁成人的免疫原性和安全性比较 Essack Mitha and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1093–e1103, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag058 50 Real-World Effectiveness of RSVpreF and RSVpreF3 Vaccines in Preventing Hospitalization and Emergency Department Visits Associated With Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Older Adults: A Meta-analysis RSVpreF和RSVpreF3疫苗在预防老年人RSV相关住院和急诊就诊中的真实世界有效性：一项荟萃分析 Dewan Md Sumsuzzman and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1104–e1111, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag107 51 Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Interim Findings From a Phase 3 Trial of mRNA-1345 实体器官移植受者的呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗接种：mRNA-1345三期试验中期结果 Erick F Mayer and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1112–e1121, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag108 Photo Quiz（影像问答） 52 Crusted, Chronic, and Confusing 结痂、慢性化与困惑 Luisa Hurtado-Rossi and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1122–e1125, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf583 Correspondence（读者来信） 53 Unmasking the Hidden Guests: Referral and Secondary Infection Biases in Cutibacterium Endocarditis 揭开隐藏的访客：Cutibacterium心内膜炎中的转诊偏倚和二次感染偏倚 Shuo Li and Lin Wang Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Page e1126, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf733 54 Reply to Willoughby on the Demise of the Milwaukee Protocol for Rabies 对Willoughby关于密尔沃基狂犬病方案终结的回复 Alan C Jackson and Thiravat Hemachudha Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1126–e1127, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf734 55 Estimating Vaccine Effectiveness Against Symptomatic Infection From Its Effectiveness Against Asymptomatic Infection 从无症状感染的疫苗有效性估算有症状感染的疫苗有效性 Eyal Shahar Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1127–e1128, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf735 56 Contextualizing On-Therapy Resistance Development With Novel Antibiotics: Interplay Between Timing of Therapy Initiation and Critical Illness–Linked Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Unpredictability 新型抗生素治疗中耐药产生的情境化解读：治疗启动时机与危重疾病相关药代动力学/药效学不可预测性之间的相互作用 Dilip Dubey and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1128–e1129, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag010 57 The Clinical Thermometer as the First Home Test for Infectious Disease 临床体温计：感染性疾病的首个家用检测工具 Michele Augusto Riva Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1129–e1130, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag030 58 Methodology Misrepresented: Correcting the Record on the American Thoracic Society Community-acquired Pneumonia Guideline Process 方法论被歪曲：更正美国胸科学会社区获得性肺炎指南制定过程的记录 Kevin C Wilson and Eyal Oren Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1130–e1131, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag040 59 Misleading Comments About the Impact of Early Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccination on Neonatal and Infant Mortality 关于早期卡介苗接种对新生儿和婴儿死亡率影响的误导性评论 Peter Aaby and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1131–e1132, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag065 60 Questioning Non-inferiority: Methodological Concerns in the Meta-analysis of Oral vs Intravenous Therapy for Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia 质疑非劣效性：金黄色葡萄球菌菌血症口服与静脉治疗荟萃分析中的方法学问题 Dawd S Siraj and Fauzia Hollnagel Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1132–e1133, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag070 61 Problems With Electronic Health Record Penicillin Allergy Mislabeling and Recommendations for Their Correction 电子健康记录中青霉素过敏标注错误的问题及纠正建议 David J Witt and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Page e1134, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag086 62 Complex Problem, Digital Cure? Rethinking Penicillin Allergy Relabeling Using Technology-Enabled Care 复杂问题，数字解药？利用技术赋能护理重新思考青霉素过敏重新标注 Elise A Mitri and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 5, 15 May 2026, Pages e1135–e1137, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag084 Clinical Infectious Diseases Volume 82 Issue Supplement_5 临床传染病学 82卷增刊5期 https://academic.oup.com/cid/issue/ SUPPLEMENT（增刊） ADVANCE-ID: Conducting Innovative Clinical Trials and Promoting Access for Antibiotics in Asia ADVANCE-ID：在亚洲开展创新临床试验并推动抗生素可及性 SUPPLEMENT ARTICLES（增补论著） 1 Advancing Clinical Evidence in Infectious Diseases: An Infectious Diseases Clinical Trials Network for Asia, the “Antimicrobial Resistance Hot Zone” 推进感染病临床证据：面向亚洲——这一"耐药热点区域"——的感染性疾病临床试验网络 David L Paterson Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_5, 15 June 2026, Pages S101–S104, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag122 2 Global Survey on the Management of Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative Bacilli: Divergence of Practice Between High-Income Countries and the Rest of the World 多重耐药革兰阴性杆菌管理的全球调查：高收入国家与世界其他地区的实践差异 Abi Manesh and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_5, 15 June 2026, Pages S105–S115, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag025 3 Efficacy and Safety of Newer Antibiotics Versus Generic Antibiotics for Hospital-Acquired and Ventilator-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials 新型抗生素与仿制抗生素治疗医院获得性及呼吸机相关性细菌性肺炎的疗效与安全性：随机对照试验的系统综述与荟萃分析 Anh T K Nguyen and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_5, 15 June 2026, Pages S116–S125, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag045 4 Antibiotic Clinical Trials: A Review of the Past, Present Challenges, and Potential Solutions 抗生素临床试验：回顾过去、当前挑战及潜在解决方案 Melissa J Hardy and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_5, 15 June 2026, Pages S126–S137, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag017 5 Considerations in Designing Clinical Trials of Novel Antibacterial Agents Using a Superiority Design 采用优效性设计开展新型抗菌药物临床试验的考量 David L Paterson and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_5, 15 June 2026, Pages S138–S146, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag207 6 Consent Modes and Consent Rates in Randomized Controlled Trials for Severe Infections: A Scoping Review 严重感染随机对照试验中的知情同意方式与同意率：范围性综述 Yiyun Shou and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_5, 15 June 2026, Pages S147–S153, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf715 7 Challenges to Accessing Newer Antibiotics for Multidrug-resistant Bacterial Infections in Asia: A Literature Review of Multi-Stakeholder Perspectives 亚洲多重耐药细菌感染中获取新型抗生素的挑战：多利益相关方视角的文献综述 Alec F Aligui and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue Supplement_5, 15 June 2026, Pages S154–S161, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag024 Clinical Infectious Diseases Volume 82 Issue 6 临床传染病学 82卷 6期 https://academic.oup.com/cid/issue/ ID Art Through the Ages（传染病艺术长河） 1 Cover Illustration for Camus' The Plague, 1948 加缪《鼠疫》封面插画，1948年 Michael B Grizzard and Mary Grizzard Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Page i, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag182 In the Literature（文献札记） 2 In the Literature 文献札记 Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages ii–v, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag181 State-of-the-Art Review（前沿综述） 3 State-of-the-Art Review: Contemporary Ambulatory Approach to Adult Fever of Unknown Origin 前沿综述：成人不明原因发热的当代门诊诊疗方案 William F Wright and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 909–926, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag158 Ethics Rounds（伦理巡诊） 4 Antibiotics in Hospice: Applying the Four-Quadrant Approach to Improve Patient-Centered Care 安宁疗护中的抗菌药物使用：运用四象限诊疗模式优化以患者为中心的照护 Patrick D Crowley and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 927–930, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag057 Voices of ID（传染病之声） 5 I Died—and Was Brought Back to Life—Twice 我两次濒死，又重获新生 Richard E. Sutton Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 931–933, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf612 Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship（抗生素耐药与管理） 6 Using Encounter-Level Data for Risk-Adjustment of Antimicrobial Use Comparisons: Feasibility and Variable Selection 利用就诊层面数据开展抗菌药物使用对比的风险校正：可行性与变量筛选研究 Rebekah W Moehring and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 934–943, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf682 7 Moving Closer to Patient-Level Risk Adjustment for Hospital Antimicrobial Use 推进住院患者抗菌药物使用的个体化风险校正体系构建 Jonathan D Baghdadi and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 944–945, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf683 8 Macrolide and Nonmacrolide Resistance After 36 Months of Mass Azithromycin Distribution in Burkina Faso: A Cluster Randomized Trial 布基纳法索大规模阿奇霉素分发36个月后大环内酯类与非大环内酯类耐药情况：一项整群随机对照试验 Catherine E Oldenburg and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 946–953, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag051 9 Using Probability of Community-Acquired Pneumonia to Tailor Antimicrobials Among Inpatients: A Pragmatic, Randomized Trial 基于社区获得性肺炎发病概率为住院患者个体化选用抗菌药物：一项实用性随机对照试验 Jonathan D Baghdadi and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 954–961, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag126 10 ALARA in Antimicrobial Stewardship: Adapting Radiation Safety Principles to Address Antibiotic Overuse 抗菌药物管理中的ALARA原则：借鉴辐射安全理念管控抗生素过度使用 Zachary T Aldewereld and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 962–967, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf688 Clinical Practice and Policy（临床实践与医疗政策） 11 Assessment of an Infectious Disease eConsult Service at a Large Mid-Atlantic Healthcare System 美国中大西洋大型医疗体系感染病线上会诊服务应用效果评估 Ava Hunt and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 968–970, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf736 12 H.U.S.T.L.E: A Consult Fitness Guide for Infectious Diseases Providers H.U.S.T.L.E指南：感染科医师会诊工作实操指南 Gonzalo Bearman and Priya Nori Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 971–975, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf672 13 More Than a Message: Death by a 1000 “Chats” 不止简单文字沟通：无休止线上问诊带来的诊疗困境 Darcy Wooten and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 976–978, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag094 14 The Erosion of a Pillar of Public Health: ACIP's Role and the Future of US Vaccine Policy Post-June 2025 公共卫生支柱职能削弱：美国免疫实践咨询委员会的职能变迁与2025年6月后疫苗政策走向 Edwin J Asturias and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 979–985, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag042 15 Worldwide Impact of ACIP's 2025 Overhaul 2025年美国免疫实践咨询委员会政策修订的全球影响 Louis Bont and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 986–987, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag043 Hepatitis（肝炎） 16 Trends in Reflexive Hepatitis C Virus Testing in a National US Laboratory: A Retrospective Study From 2018 to 2024 美国国家级实验室丙型肝炎病毒 reflex联动检测趋势：2018–2024年回顾性研究 Min Kyung Lee and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 988–992, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag227 17 Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir Concentrations in the Breastmilk of Postpartum Women With Opioid Use Disorder Receiving Treatment for Hepatitis C Virus: A Pharmacokinetic Study 合并阿片类物质使用障碍的产后丙肝治疗女性母乳中索磷布韦/维帕他韦药物浓度：药代动力学研究 Catherine A Chappell and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 993–996, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf443 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 18 Incidence of Community-acquired Pneumonia and Herpes Zoster in People With HIV Based on CD4 Count and Age in the Current Antiretroviral Therapy Era: A Longitudinal Cohort Study 当前抗逆转录病毒治疗时代，基于CD4计数与年龄划分的HIV感染者社区获得性肺炎、带状疱疹发病风险：一项纵向队列研究 Elsemieke te Linde and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 997–1006, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf686 19 Switch to Bictegravir/Tenofovir Alafenamide/Emtrictabine or Dolutegravir + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtrictabine in Virologically Suppressed People With HIV: Outcomes in Real-world Setting With and Without Tenofovir Resistance 病毒学抑制HIV感染者转换为比克替拉韦/丙酚替诺福韦/恩曲他滨方案或多替拉韦+富马酸替诺福韦二吡呋酯/恩曲他滨方案：有无替诺福韦耐药人群真实世界转归 Alain Makinson and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1007–1014, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf726 20 Hepatitis B Outcomes After Switching to Long-Acting Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine in People With HIV: Reactivation, Incident Infection, and Liver Safety Across Diverse Serological Profiles HIV感染者转换长效卡博特韦/利匹韦林后的乙肝转归：病毒再激活、新发感染及不同血清学状态下肝脏安全性 Alberto Foncillas and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1015–1022, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag023 21 Virological Failure on Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine: An Analysis of Subtypes, Drug Levels, Resistance, and Therapeutic Implications 长效注射卡博特韦联合利匹韦林治疗发生病毒学失败：亚型、血药浓度、耐药突变及临床诊疗意义分析 Maria Mazzitelli and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1023–1031, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag046 22 What Are the Causes and Consequences of Virological Failure on Long-acting Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine? 长效卡博特韦/利匹韦林方案病毒学失败的诱因与临床后果 Andrew Hill and Chloe Orkin Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1032–1034, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag047 Parasitic Infections（寄生虫感染） 23 Cerebral Malaria and Severe Malarial Anemia, but not Other Forms of Severe Malaria, Are Associated With Long-Term Cognitive Impairment 脑型疟疾与重症疟疾性贫血（其余重症疟疾亚型除外）与远期认知损伤相关 Paul Bangirana and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1035–1041, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf712 24 Not All Forms of Severe Malaria Impair Long-term Cognition—More Characterization, More Questions 并非所有重症疟疾均会造成长期认知损害——仍需更多分层研究与探索 Karl B Seydel and Stephen T J Ray Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1042–1043, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf713 25 Frequent Plasmodium ovale Recurrence in Coastal Tanzania 坦桑尼亚沿海地区卵形疟原虫高复发率研究 Kelly Carey-Ewend and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1044–1051, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag199 26 Invisible Malarias 隐匿性疟疾 J Kevin Baird Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1052–1053, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag201 Sexually Transmitted Infections（性传播疾病） 27 A Pilot, Randomized Controlled Trial of Dual Daily HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Using Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine and Doxycycline in Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women: The DuDHS Study 男男性行为人群及跨性别女性每日口服HIV联合性病暴露前预防（富马酸替诺福韦二吡呋酯/恩曲他滨加多西环素）先导随机对照试验：DuDHS研究 Troy Grennan and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1054–1062, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf043 28 A New Choice for Doxycycline Prophylaxis 多西环素暴露前预防新选择 Jeffrey D Klausner Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1063–1064, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf044 29 Antimicrobial-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections in Men Using Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis: A Substudy of the ANRS 174 DOXYVAC Trial 服用多西环素暴露后预防男性的耐药淋病奈瑟菌感染情况：ANRS 174 DOXYVAC子研究 Béatrice Berçot and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1065–1074, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf591 30 Sustained Effectiveness of Doxycycline Post-Exposure-Prophylaxis in a Large Sexual Health Clinic Over 96 Weeks: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis 大型性病诊疗中心多西环素暴露后预防96周持续有效率：间断时间序列分析 Matthew A Spinelli and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1075–1078, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf234 Photo Quiz（影像问答） 31 A 3-Year-Old Girl With a Chest Wall Mass 3岁女童胸壁肿块一例 Deema Gashgarey and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1079–1081, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag028 32 Why Are Gonorrhea Case Rates Declining in the United States? A Research Agenda 美国淋病报告病例数下降原因：后续研究方向展望 Kirstin I Oliveira Roster and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1082–1090, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf690 33 Fever in a Man with Uncontrolled HIV HIV控制不佳男性发热病例 Tristan Jones and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages 1091–1095, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag056 Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship（抗生素耐药与管理） 34 Human Cases of Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli Linked to Spread Between Animals and the Environment in a Veterinary Facility—Massachusetts, USA, 2023 2023年美国马萨诸塞州：动物诊疗机构内动物与环境传播引发人感染产碳青霉烯酶大肠埃希菌病例 Ian M DeStefano and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1138–e1144, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf541 35 Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales in Pets: A New Threat From Veterinary Clinics 宠物携带产碳青霉烯酶肠杆菌目细菌：动物诊所带来的新型感染威胁 Vincent Perreten and Andrea Endimiani Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1145–e1147, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf544 36 Direct Oral Challenge for Penicillin Allergy: The International Network of Antibiotic Allergy Nations (iNAAN) Study 青霉素过敏口服药物激发试验：国际抗生素过敏协作网络（iNAAN）研究 Elise A Mitri and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1148–e1162, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag082 37 Direct Oral Challenge for Penicillin Allergy: A Hospital Implementation Evaluation Via the International Network of Antibiotic Allergy Nations (iNAAN) Study 青霉素过敏口服激发试验院内落地实施效果评估——基于国际抗生素过敏协作网络（iNAAN）研究 Elise A Mitri and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1163–e1170, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag083 Bacterial Infections（细菌感染） 38 Clinical Manifestations, Long-Term Trends, and Risk Factors for Treatment Failure in Native Vertebral Osteomyelitis: A 26-Year Mayo Clinic Experience 原发性椎体骨髓炎临床表现、26年长期发病趋势及治疗失败危险因素：梅奥诊所单中心经验 Takahiro Matsuo and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1171–e1180, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag048 39 The Management of Native Vertebral Osteomyelitis Remains Unchanged: Are Additional Trials Necessary? 原发性椎体骨髓炎诊疗方案无实质性更新：是否仍需开展更多临床试验？ Werner Zimmerli Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1181–e1183, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag049 40 Clinical Characteristics and Survival of Hospitalized Anthrax Patients with Pleural, Pericardial, or Peritoneal Fluid Collections 合并胸腔、心包、腹腔积液的住院炭疽患者临床特征与生存预后 Jon-Erik C Holty and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1184–e1193, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag113 41 Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: From an Invisible Impact to a Visible Change in Complex Care 单纯性尿路感染：从隐匿疾病负担到复杂诊疗体系的诊疗变革 Rafael Cantón and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1194–e1199, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf705 Emerging Infections（新型感染） 42 Six Cases of Borealpox and Evidence of a Zoonotic Source: Alaska, 2020–2023 2020–2023年阿拉斯加6例北极痘病例及动物源性传播证据 Eric Q Mooring and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1200–e1207, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf497 43 Measles Without Rash During Acute Febrile Illness Surveillance in Tanzania, 2023–2024 2023–2024年坦桑尼亚急性发热监测中无皮疹麻疹病例 Saning'o Lukumay and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1208–e1215, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf582 44 Melioidosis Complicated by Native Valve Endocarditis in a Traveler Returning From Thailand to the United States 泰国归国旅行者罹患类鼻疽合并原生瓣膜心内膜炎 Akash Gupta and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1216–e1221, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag003 HIV/AIDs（人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病） 45 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Survival in People With and Without HIV in the United States, 2001–2019 2001–2019年美国HIV阳性与阴性人群肝细胞癌生存预后对比 Jennifer K McGee-Avila and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1222–e1231, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag137 46 Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events With Dolutegravir Versus Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy: Emulated Target Trials Using Routine, De-identified Data From South Africa 多替拉韦方案对比依非韦伦方案抗逆转录病毒治疗重大心血管不良事件风险：基于南非匿名常规医疗数据的模拟目标试验 Jienchi Dorward and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1232–e1241, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag155 47 Patterns of HIV-1 Viral Load Suppression and Drug Resistance During the Dolutegravir Transition: A Population-based Longitudinal Study 全面切换多替拉韦治疗期间HIV-1病毒载量抑制水平与耐药突变特征：一项人群纵向研究 Michael A Martin and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1242–e1251, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag161 48 Renal and Cardiovascular Complications Following Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in People With and Without HIV: Data From the Cohort Study on Morbidity and HIV in Sweden (COSMOHS) Between 2010 and 2024 合并2型糖尿病的HIV感染者与非感染者肾脏及心血管并发症：瑞典HIV发病队列研究（COSMOHS）2010–2024数据 Isabela Killander Möller and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1252–e1261, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag261 49 Progression Risk in Cancer Patients with HIV Compared with Cancer Patients Without HIV HIV阳性肿瘤患者相较于阴性患者的疾病进展风险 Derek Schneider and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1262–e1265, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag170 Infections in Older Adults（老年人群感染） 50 Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Among Older Adults With an Acute Respiratory Infection: A Prospective Study in Six European Countries 急性呼吸道感染老年患者呼吸道合胞病毒疾病负担：欧洲六国前瞻性研究 Manel Terns Riera and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1266–e1276, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag146 51 Health-related Quality of Life in European Older Adults with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Over Three Respiratory Syncytial Virus Seasons 连续三个流行季欧洲老年呼吸道合胞病毒感染者健康相关生活质量调查 Manel Terns Riera and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1277–e1288, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag147 52 The Renaissance of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Diagnosis: How Understanding Burden Can Inform Clinical Practice and Demonstrate the Benefit of Vaccines 呼吸道合胞病毒诊断技术革新：明晰疾病负担指导临床实践、印证疫苗获益价值 Angela R Branche Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1289–e1291, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag148 Mycobacterial Infections（分枝杆菌感染） 53 Hidden in Success: Gendered Patterns of Suboptimal Care Engagement Among Tuberculosis Patients Who“Successfully” Completed Treatment in South Africa 治愈背后的隐忧：南非“治疗成功”结核患者就医依从性的性别差异 Andrew Medina-Marino and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1292–e1301, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf714 54 Prevalence and Predictors of Tuberculosis in Adults and Adolescents With Sputum Trace Ultra Results in 2 High-Burden Clinical Settings 两大高结核负担临床中心痰Xpert Ultra微量阳性成人及青少年结核患病率与预测因素 Caitlin Visek and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1302–e1310, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag019 55 “Trace-MTB” on Sputum Xpert Ultra: New Evidence for Interpretation in High-burden Settings 痰Xpert Ultra“微量结核分枝杆菌”阳性：高结核负担地区判读新证据 Bianca Sossen and Neil Martinson Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1311–e1312, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag018 56 Diagnostic Accuracy of Molecular Testing on Saliva and Oral Swabs for Pulmonary Tuberculosis 唾液与口腔拭子分子检测对肺结核的诊断效能 Deninson Alejandro Vargas and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1313–e1321, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag055 57 Documenting Environmentally Acquired Mycobacterium intracellulare subsp. chimaera Pulmonary Disease Soon After Bronchiectasis Onset 支气管扩张发病后短期内确诊环境源性奇美拉胞内分枝杆菌肺病病例报道 Jennifer R Honda and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1322–e1325, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag015 58 We Are Underprepared for Bedaquiline Resistance: A Call for Clinical and Programmatic Readiness 我国对贝达喹啉耐药危机应对准备不足：呼吁完善临床与公共卫生防控体系 Gail Brenda Cross and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1326–e1332, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag008 Respiratory Infections（呼吸道感染） 59 Long-term Clinical Outcomes After Hospitalization for Acute Respiratory Illness Due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus 呼吸道合胞病毒急性呼吸道感染住院患者远期临床结局 David Singer and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1333–e1344, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf710 60 Microbial Detection in Community-Acquired Pleural Space Infections Using the BIOFIRE Joint Infection Panel and Individual Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays 采用BIOFIRE关节感染试剂盒与单重PCR检测社区获得性胸腔感染病原体 Portia Mira and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1345–e1352, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag050 61 Diagnostic Performance of New Commercial Interferon-Gamma Release Assays for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis 新型商业化γ干扰素释放试验诊断结核分枝杆菌感染的效能：更新系统综述与荟萃分析 Lika Apriani and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1353–e1364, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag102 Viral Infections（病毒感染） 62 Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Norovirus Infections in Early Life; the PREVAIL Cohort, 2017–2020 婴幼儿诺如病毒显性与隐性感染：PREVAIL队列2017–2020年数据 Julia M Baker and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1365–e1374, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag033 63 Age-Specific Risk of Herpes Zoster in Adults Aged ≥18 Years With Comorbid Conditions—A Retrospective Cohort Study in the United States ≥18岁合并基础疾病成人带状疱疹分年龄发病风险：美国回顾性队列研究 Rachel A Cohen and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1375–e1383, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag095 64 Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Encephalitis: A Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study 1型单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎：一项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究 Lærke Storgaard Duerlund and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1384–e1392, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag136 Photo Quiz（影像问答） 65 Multifocal Cutaneous Abscesses 多发皮肤脓肿病例 Shrruthi Velavan and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1393–e1396, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag074 Correspondence（读者来信） 66 New French Guidelines on Subcutaneous Antibiotic Therapy: A Response to Di Bella et al. 法国皮下注射抗生素新版指南发布——回应Di Bella等人研究 Emmanuel Forestier and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1397–e1398, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag088 67 Time to Appropriate Therapy and Antimicrobial Resistance-Attributable Mortality 抗菌药物及时给药时长与耐药相关死亡风险 Tatsuhiko Nanri and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Page e1398, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag087 68 Is Time to Appropriate Therapy a Mediator of Mortality Associated With Antimicrobial Resistance? 抗菌药物及时给药时长是否介导耐药相关死亡风险？ Kevin A Brown and Nick Daneman Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1398–e1399, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag090 69 Request for Additional Details on the COPAT Trial 恳请补充COPAT试验详细研究数据 Brad Spellberg and Bassam Ghanem Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Page e1399, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag100 70 Additional Details on the COPAT Trial COPAT试验补充研究细节回复 Joy J Juskowich and Arif R Sarwari Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1399–e1401, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag103 71 Zinc: An Oft-forgotten Component in the Management of Diarrhea 锌剂：腹泻治疗中常被忽视的关键药物 Indi Trehan Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Page e1401, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag111 72 I Zinc, Therefore I Am: Context is Key 锌剂不可或缺：临床应用需结合具体场景 Andi L Shane and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1401–e1402, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag112 73 When IS900 Positivity is not the Tie-Breaker: Interpreting Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Signals Across Crohn's Disease and Intestinal Tuberculosis in a Tuberculosis-Endemic Setting IS900阳性结果不可作为鉴别金标准：结核高发区克罗恩病与肠结核中副结核分枝杆菌判读要点 Yuanli Yang Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1402–e1403, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag127 74 MAP Detection: Identifying a Pathogenic Driver Rather Than a Diagnostic Marker 副结核分枝杆菌检测：识别致病驱动因素而非单纯诊断标志物 Sudheer Kumar Vuyyuru and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1403–e1405, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag128 75 Composite End Points, Minor Anomalies, and Missed Work-Ups: Making 12-Month Infant “Unfavorable Outcomes” Interpretable After BDLLfx/BDLCfz in Pregnancy 复合终点、轻微异常与漏诊评估：解读孕期BDLLfx/BDLCfz方案暴露婴儿12个月不良结局 Yuanli Yang Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1405–e1406, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag142 76 Responding Appropriately to Safety Signals in Infants Exposed to the 6-month BDLLfx/BDLCfz Regimen In Utero 妥善处置宫内暴露6个月BDLLfx/BDLCfz方案婴儿的安全预警信号 Marian Loveday and others Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 82, Issue 6, 15 June 2026, Pages e1406–e1407, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag143

2026-07-12

·控盘天下股事汇

CXO景气修复+创新药出海加速，这十五只标的如何布局？

从实验室到临床，从分子发现到商业落地——创新药与生物制药正在经历一场前所未有的产业跃迁。2025年，中国创新药板块全年涨幅超过54%，港股创新药ETF净值涨幅高达74%；CXO板块整体上涨55.26%，盈利质量呈现实质性改善。政策端，"医保商保双目录"首次落地，为创新药支付端打开增量空间；产业端，中国贡献了全球约1/3的创新研发管线，License-out出海交易总额达1356亿美元，三项指标均创历史新高；技术端，ADC、GLP-1、小核酸、CAR-T等前沿疗法加速落地，AI+类器官+DEL等技术平台重塑药物发现效率。创新药产业链的投资逻辑可以归纳为三大主线："研发→服务→商业化"——研发端看管线深度与First-in-Class能力，服务端看CXO景气修复与产能扩张，商业化端看上市产品放量与出海BD潜力。以下十五只标的，分别占据产业链的不同关键位置，构成一张完整的创新药投资全景图。一、创新药研发端：源头活水，管线为王 #创新药 #药物发现 #DEL技术 #分子筛选 #First-in-Class1. 成都先导（688222）指标数值最新价 35.87元日涨幅 +7.23% 总市值 143.72亿 PE(TTM) 117.11 年内涨幅 +53.82% 换手率 8.44% 成都先导是国内DEL（DNA编码化合物库）技术的领军企业。DEL技术是当前药物早期发现阶段最具革命性的筛选手段之一，能够在亿万级化合物库中快速锁定靶点命中分子，大幅缩短药物发现周期、降低筛选成本。公司依托自主构建的超大规模DEL库，为全球药企提供药物发现阶段的研发服务及新药项目转让，客户覆盖MNC及国内Biotech。2025年，DEL技术在全球药物发现领域的渗透率持续提升，公司境外订单快速增长，成为创新药"源头创新"环节的关键赋能者。核心看点在于DEL技术平台的项目转化效率与海外订单增量。 #创新药 #抗流感 #昂拉地韦 #GLP-1 #RAY1225 #减重药 #双靶点激动剂2. 众生药业（002317）指标数值最新价 29.54元日涨幅 +10.02% 总市值 251.07亿 PE(TTM) 85.70 年内涨幅 +57.29% 换手率 9.28% 众生药业是从"中药为基"向"创新引领"成功跨越的代表企业。2025年5月，公司核心创新药昂拉地韦片（安睿威®）获批上市——这是全球首款靶向流感病毒RNA聚合酶PB2亚基的First-in-Class小分子药物，症状缓解时间与退热时间均优于奥司他韦，对耐药毒株与高致病性禽流感病毒同样有效，已纳入医保目录。在代谢疾病领域，RAY1225注射液作为GLP-1/GIP双靶点激动剂，具备每两周注射一次的超长效潜力，三项III期临床已完成入组，中国区商业化权益授予齐鲁制药（首付款2亿元+里程碑8亿元+双位数分成），保留海外全部权利。公司已完成从"传统药固本强基"到"创新药拓新破局"的关键转型。 #创新药 #HIV #长效多肽 #艾博韦泰 #艾可宁 #融合抑制剂 #免疫重建3. 前沿生物-U（688221）指标数值最新价 27.30元日涨幅 +6.64% 总市值 102.26亿 PE(TTM) 2953.58 年内涨幅 +51.25% 换手率 8.63% 前沿生物是中国原研长效多肽创新药的标杆。公司已上市产品艾可宁®（艾博韦泰）是全球首个长效HIV融合抑制剂，1.1类新药，已纳入国家医保常规目录及《中国艾滋病诊疗指南》推荐用药。2025年，艾可宁4周/次给药联合多替拉韦方案的研究成果亮相IAS国际会议并登上《AIDS》期刊——24周内所有受试者持续保持病毒载量抑制，CD4+T淋巴细胞计数显著升高，标志着中国原研抗艾药物实现了从"治疗"到"长效优化"的突破。公司同时拓展艾可宁新增免疫重建不全适应症的II期临床，在HIV长效治疗及免疫治疗细分领域具备全球竞争力。 #创新药 #多纳非尼 #吉卡昔替尼 #重组凝血酶 #肝癌 #甲状腺癌 #JAK抑制剂 #骨髓纤维化4. 泽璟制药-U（688266）指标数值最新价 145.00元日涨幅 +5.95% 总市值 383.83亿 PE(TTM) 77.08 年内涨幅 +56.42% 换手率 4.24% 泽璟制药是中国创新药"多管线并行、商业化加速兑现"的典型。公司已有四款产品获批上市：泽普生®（多纳非尼片）——国产首款晚期肝癌一线治疗小分子多靶点药物，头对头III期临床生存获益优于索拉非尼，已进入30余部诊疗指南；泽普平®（吉卡昔替尼片）——国产首款骨髓纤维化JAK/ACVR1双靶点抑制剂，快速纳入医保及3项权威指南；泽普凝®（重组人凝血酶）——中国唯一采用重组DNA技术成功商业化的重组人凝血酶；泽速宁®（注射用人促甲状腺素β）——国产首个甲状腺癌术后精准评估创新产品。2025年营收8.10亿元，同比+52.07%，四大产品矩阵加速放量，同时ZG006全球BD落地，创新管线持续扩充。 #生物制药 #疫苗 #金葡菌疫苗 #超级细菌 #破伤风疫苗 #1.1类创新疫苗5. 欧林生物（688319）指标数值最新价 44.38元日涨幅 +11.54% 总市值 179.92亿 PE(TTM) 318.31 年内涨幅 +75.00% 换手率 4.82% 欧林生物是"超级细菌疫苗"赛道的全球领跑者。公司以人用疫苗为核心，已实现吸附破伤风疫苗、Hib结合疫苗及AC结合疫苗三款产品商业化，其中破伤风疫苗在国内市场持续保持领先。但真正的创新看点在于：与陆军军医大学合作研发的1.1类新药——重组金黄色葡萄球菌疫苗，是目前全球同类在研项目中进展最快的候选疫苗，已于2025年完成III期临床试验全部受试者入组，预计2026年揭盲、2027年获批上市。金葡菌是导致院内感染的主要病原体之一，全球每年上百万人死亡，耐药性问题日益严峻——该疫苗若成功问世，将填补世界空白。公司围绕WHO"12种致命耐药菌"清单构建完整创新管线，在耐药菌疫苗研发领域实现全方位领跑。 #创新药 #ADC #大输液 #科伦博泰 #仿制药转型 #创新药出海 #BD6. 科伦药业（002422）指标数值最新价 44.07元日涨幅 +3.21% 总市值 701.06亿 PE(TTM) 44.61 年内涨幅 +52.59% 换手率 4.01% 科伦药业是从"大输液巨头"到"创新药新势力"的转型标杆。公司传统业务大输液产品稳居行业龙头，但近年通过子公司科伦博泰全面切入创新药赛道，聚焦ADC（抗体药物偶联物）等前沿领域。科伦博泰的核心ADC管线已多次实现海外License-out授权，BD交易金额屡创新高，充分证明其创新药研发实力获得国际药企认可。2025年，科伦药业年内涨幅超52%，估值修复与管线兑现并行推进，创新药业务正在从"投入期"向"收获期"切换，是传统药企向创新药转型中最具代表性的标的之一。二、CRO服务链：景气修复，赋能全链 #CRO #一体化服务 #药物研发 #CDMO #全球竞争力 #临床前+临床7. 康龙化成（300759）指标数值最新价 33.94元日涨幅 +9.55% 总市值 623.57亿 PE(TTM) 36.82 年内涨幅 +20.23% 换手率 7.20% 康龙化成是中国CXO行业"一体化平台"的龙头企业之一。业务覆盖药物研究、开发及生产全链条，从实验室服务到临床CRO再到CDMO，形成完整的服务漏斗结构。2025年CXO板块景气度实质性修复，公司前三季度营收与利润双升，境外新签订单增速强劲。在ADC、多肽、寡核苷酸等新分子领域需求旺盛的背景下，康龙化成凭借丰富的项目储备和完整的产业链布局，项目管线自带放大逻辑，CDMO业务进入高景气周期。作为A+H双上市平台，公司国际化服务能力突出，是CXO景气修复周期中"龙头确定性最强"的标的。 #CRO #安全性评价 #非临床研究 #食蟹猴 #GLP #安评龙头 #央企CRO8. 昭衍新药（603127）指标数值最新价 43.22元日涨幅 +10.00% 总市值 323.87亿 PE(TTM) 65.42 年内涨幅 +23.88% 换手率 8.50% 昭衍新药是国内药物非临床安全性评价领域的绝对龙头。业务以安评服务为主，同时涵盖实验动物及附属产品销售。2025年食蟹猴价格回升，直接利好公司的资源型CRO业务——自有猴群是核心竞争优势，猴价上行带来毛利率修复。公司净利润大幅增长，安评业务需求随创新药研发回暖持续放量。在GLP合规、国际化认证方面，昭衍新药资质齐全，服务覆盖小分子、大分子、ADC、CGT等各类创新药的非临床评价。作为"安评+猴资源"双壁垒标的，在CXO景气修复周期中具备较强的盈利弹性。 #CRO #安全性评价 #非临床研究 #央企 #国药集团 #GLP认证 #FDA认证 #放射性药物评价9. 益诺思（688710）指标数值最新价 77.87元日涨幅 +20.00% 总市值 109.78亿 PE(TTM) -460.76 年内涨幅 +76.38% 换手率 7.56% 益诺思是"央企CRO第一股"，背靠国药集团旗下医工总院，在非临床安全性评价领域排名国内前三。公司是国内最早同时获得NMPA、OECD及FDA GLP检查认证的企业之一，具备行业领先的国际化服务能力。截至2025年底，已累计服务1000多家制药公司，助力32例NDA/BLA、670余例IND注册成功、160余项国外监管机构临床注册申报。90%以上收入来自I类创新药物非临床研究服务，技术平台覆盖小核酸/多肽/ADC/CGT生物分析、放射性同位素标记与Micro-PET/MR影像等前沿领域。2025年营收11.42亿元，同比增长9.94%，正在从"安评龙头"向"综合CRO"转型。 #CRO #临床前研究 #药物发现 #药学研究 #一站式CRO #类器官 #PDXO模型 #中美双报10. 美迪西（688202）指标数值最新价 87.00元日涨幅 +12.77% 总市值 116.89亿 PE(TTM) -84.91 年内涨幅 +54.26% 换手率 8.87% 美迪西是国内临床前综合研发CRO的重要力量，业务覆盖药物发现、药学研究及临床前研究全流程。2025年助力约100件IND获批临床，覆盖siRNA、ADC、抗体、GLP-1、活菌生物药等前沿领域；参与研发的多个药物成功上市或达成海外License-out授权。公司境外业务收入占比持续提升（2025H1境外收入占比45.89%，同比+9.55pp），美国波士顿研发基地投入使用，国际化布局加速推进。在技术层面，美迪西布局"人类细胞模型-AI预测-类器官"三位一体创新平台，PDXO模型替代实验猴趋势下抢占先机。年内涨幅超54%，是CRO板块中"技术平台最前沿、海外增速最快"的弹性标的。 #CRO #临床研究 #药学研究 #仿制药一致性评价 #创新药早期临床 #MIDD #数字化CRO11. 万邦医药（301520）指标数值最新价 45.18元日涨幅 +8.61% 总市值 42.09亿 PE(TTM) 173.06 年内涨幅 +60.13% 换手率 46.06% 万邦医药是国内较早提供药学和临床研究一站式服务的综合型CRO企业。公司坚守"药学研究+临床研究"一体化产业链优势，累计承接超1400项研究项目，获生产批件超300个，服务超400家客户。2025年业绩阶段性承压（营收2.74亿，同比-27.67%），但战略转型加速推进：在创新药早期临床领域，高效推进司美格鲁肽减重多中心临床、1类卵巢癌靶向荧光造影剂II期临床；以MIDD（模型引导的药物研发）理念为核心，聚焦首次人体试验等临床药理学研究；2026年拟3.02亿元控股赛德盛，加码创新药临床CRO赛道，构建完整研发服务体系。年内涨幅超60%，反映市场对"仿制药CRO→创新药CRO"转型路径的预期。三、上游工具与材料：底层支撑，国产替代 #生物试剂 #分子酶 #PCR #高通量测序 #核酸药物原料 #GLP-1多肽原料 #阿尔茨海默病血检12. 诺唯赞（688105）指标数值最新价 18.06元日涨幅 +4.70% 总市值 93.37亿 PE(TTM) -651.03 年内涨幅 +20.26% 换手率 1.86% 诺唯赞是围绕酶、抗原、抗体等功能性蛋白进行技术研发的生物科技企业，定位为创新药研发的"底层工具箱"。四大核心技术平台（蛋白质定向改造与进化、单B细胞抗体发现、规模化重组蛋白制备、量子点多指标联检）支撑生物试剂、体外诊断及抗体药物三大业务板块。在创新药研发试剂领域，公司依托荧光素酶和TR-FRET平台，满足新药HTS筛选、体内外药效评价等场景需求；核酸药物原料及解决方案方面，mRNA核心酶原料已实现规模化供应，支持客户管线获IND批准；GLP-1多肽原料领域，重组肠激酶、CPB等蛋白酶产品纯度达99%以上，覆盖国内外主流制药企业。2025年研发费用占营收20.37%，近三年平均研发投入占比约22.83%，是创新药产业链中"技术壁垒最深、国产替代空间最大"的上游工具标的。 #实验动物 #小鼠模型 #基因编辑小鼠 #疾病模型 #模式动物 #创新药临床前 #基因敲除13. 药康生物（688046）指标数值最新价 25.46元日涨幅 +5.08% 总市值 104.39亿 PE(TTM) 65.34 年内涨幅 +67.83% 换手率 3.18% 药康生物是国内实验动物小鼠模型的龙头企业。公司专注于小鼠模型的研发、生产、销售及相关技术服务，为创新药临床前研究提供关键的疾病模型支撑。在基因编辑小鼠、免疫缺陷小鼠、人源化小鼠等方向拥有丰富的品系资源，是创新药药效评价与安全性研究不可或缺的基础工具。2025年，随着创新药研发回暖，公司订单量与营收同步增长；食蟹猴替代趋势下，小鼠模型作为更经济、更可控的实验体系，需求增量显著。年内涨幅超67%，是创新药产业链中"资源型+国产替代"逻辑最清晰的标的之一。 #吸附分离 #层析介质 #色谱填料 #生物制药纯化 #ProteinA #GLP-1 #固相合成载体 #小核酸载体14. 蓝晓科技（300487）指标数值最新价 80.89元日涨幅 +13.96% 总市值 411.84亿 PE(TTM) 46.49 年内涨幅 +31.36% 换手率 9.42% 蓝晓科技是吸附分离材料领域的龙头，在创新药产业链中扮演"纯化环节核心供应商"的角色。公司提供的层析介质、色谱填料、固相合成载体等产品，广泛应用于疫苗、血液制品、抗体、多肽药物及核酸药物的分离纯化与合成。生命科学业务2025H1实现收入3.20亿元，同比增长12.43%，成为公司毛利率提升的重要驱动因素。在ProteinA亲和层析领域，新一代Suno X产品在载量、耐碱、耐压和寿命方面表现突出，正通过国外知名药企替换验证；多肽固相合成载体覆盖多数GLP-1临床阶段项目；小核酸载体覆盖数十个临床项目。2025年营收27.86亿元（+9.08%），净利润8.97亿元（+13.96%），树脂产能利用率高达140%，产能扩建项目持续推进。是创新药产业链中"高壁垒+高毛利+高成长"的上游材料龙头。 #离子交换树脂 #吸附树脂 #生物医药树脂 #药物纯化 #固相合成载体 #固定化酶载体 #GLP-1 #层析介质15. 争光股份（301092）指标数值最新价 55.00元日涨幅 +15.79% 总市值 73.99亿 PE(TTM) 78.96 年内涨幅 +57.59% 换手率 23.52% 争光股份是离子交换与吸附树脂领域的专业企业，正在从传统工业水处理向生物医药高端应用加速转型。在创新药产业链中，公司的生物医药专用树脂是药物提取、分离、纯化环节的关键耗材——D152、ZGA398等离子交换树脂和AB-8、D101等大孔吸附树脂，可用于抗生素药物提取脱色、多肽类抗生素分离、维生素/氨基酸/核苷酸类药物纯化。2025年生物医药领域收入0.71亿元，同比增长24.52%；固定化酶载体、固相合成载体产品已陆续送样并形成少量订单，GLP-1多肽药物快速发展催生了对固相合成载体的旺盛需求。核工业领域收入同比激增282.79%，成为增速最快的板块。公司正积极建设"生物医药及新能源树脂应用研发中心"，加速高端树脂国产替代，解决"卡脖子"问题。投资策略总结十五只标的覆盖了创新药与生物制药产业链的三个核心环节：研发端（成都先导、众生药业、前沿生物、泽璟制药、欧林生物、科伦药业）——看管线深度与First-in-Class能力，关注BD出海交易与NDA/BLA获批节奏；服务端（康龙化成、昭衍新药、益诺思、美迪西、万邦医药）——看CXO景气修复与产能扩张，关注海外订单增速、食蟹猴价格回升及新分子（ADC/小核酸/多肽）需求放量；上游端（诺唯赞、药康生物、蓝晓科技、争光股份）——看国产替代与高毛利业务占比提升，关注产能瓶颈突破与高端产品客户验证进度。从投资节奏看，短期关注CXO景气修复的业绩兑现（康龙化成、昭衍新药、益诺思等），中期关注创新药商业化放量与出海BD（众生药业、泽璟制药、科伦药业等），长期关注上游工具与材料的国产替代加速（蓝晓科技、诺唯赞、争光股份等）。 ⚠️ 风险提示：创新药研发存在临床试验失败、审批延迟等不确定性；CXO板块受海外地缘政策与订单波动影响；上游材料面临产能扩张不及预期及客户验证周期较长等风险。本文章仅作行业分析参考，不构成任何投资建议，投资者应独立判断并自行承担风险。特别声明：本号相关内容源自网络历史公开资料整理，如有错误，请以最新资料为准。仅供研究探讨，不构成任何投资建议，勿以此为投资参考依据。如有不当，欢迎补充指正。理财有风险，投资需谨慎。

100 项与多替拉韦钠相关的药物交易

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外链

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D10113	多替拉韦钠	J05AX12	DB08930

研发状态

批准上市

10 条最早获批的记录,

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适应症	国家/地区	公司	日期
HIV感染	美国	ViiV Healthcare Co.	2013-08-12

未上市

10 条进展最快的记录,

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适应症	最高研发状态	国家/地区	公司	日期
怀孕	临床3期	南非	ViiV Healthcare Ltd.	2017-03-14
怀孕	临床3期	乌干达	ViiV Healthcare Ltd.	2017-03-14
肺结核	临床3期	阿根廷	GSK Plc	2015-01-23
肺结核	临床3期	巴西	ViiV Healthcare Ltd.	2015-01-23
肺结核	临床3期	墨西哥	GSK Plc	2015-01-23
肺结核	临床3期	秘鲁	GSK Plc	2015-01-23
肺结核	临床3期	俄罗斯	GSK Plc	2015-01-23
肺结核	临床3期	南非	GSK Plc	2015-01-23
肺结核	临床3期	泰国	GSK Plc	2015-01-23
结核	临床3期	阿根廷	GSK Plc	2015-01-23

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临床结果

适应症

分期

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研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


NCT03016533 (CTgov)	临床3期	HIV感染	100	Dolutegravir film-coated tablets (Dolutegravir (DTG))	製淵選構淵製鑰鑰蓋鹽 = 壓鏇襯衊選製獵鏇憲窪範鑰醖廠鹽膚網醖夢壓 (衊淵壓壓餘艱積範範築, 製鏇艱遞艱選積構蓋鑰 ~ 壓繭蓋範廠窪齋獵糧築) 更多	-	2026-02-05
				ABC/DTG/3TC film-coated dispersible tablets (Abacavir/Dolutegravir/Lamivudine(ABC/DTG/3TC))	製淵選構淵製鑰鑰蓋鹽 = 繭簾艱廠積遞襯簾蓋鏇範鑰醖廠鹽膚網醖夢壓 (衊淵壓壓餘艱積範範築, 壓壓醖積選鹽齋範積構 ~ 襯遞鬱願鏇鏇簾積構艱) 更多
GS-US-380-1844，ALLIANCE (Pubmed)	-	HIV感染	2,622	多替拉韦+恩曲他滨+丙酚替诺福韦	築鑰顧鹽鏇齋鬱顧簾憲(醖獵積鏇襯淵製鹽顧鏇) = 選衊築網網遞窪積簾鑰壓構蓋餘夢鹹範選壓積 (憲鏇膚淵選鹽膚構夢淵 ) 更多	积极	2024-11-18
				多替拉韦	築鑰顧鹽鏇齋鬱顧簾憲(醖獵積鏇襯淵製鹽顧鏇) = 鏇構獵壓顧夢夢壓願網壓構蓋餘夢鹹範選壓積 (憲鏇膚淵選鹽膚構夢淵 ) 更多
NCT03048422 (IMPAACT 2010 (VESTED), Pubmed \| J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr)	临床3期	bone mineral density \| creatinine clearance	-	Dolutegravir + emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (DTG + FTC/TAF)	窪憲窪製窪餘襯遞觸鹹(壓鹹蓋願夢製構壓糧選) = 壓範夢鹹願夢網範構夢選選鏇選積選淵憲鹹鑰 (鑰襯遞壓觸鹽窪鹹餘淵 )	积极	2024-10-01
				Dolutegravir + emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (DTG + FTC/TDF)	窪憲窪製窪餘襯遞觸鹹(壓鹹蓋願夢製構壓糧選) = 壓蓋糧遞鏇積簾窪齋鹽選選鏇選積選淵憲鹹鑰 (鑰襯遞壓觸鹽窪鹹餘淵 )
NCT03249181 (DolPHIN-2, Pubmed \| J Antimicrob Chemother)	临床3期	HIV感染	268	Dolutegravir-based regimen	齋築壓鏇顧艱鬱餘夢鏇(齋網糧鏇鑰鹽顧憲鹽壓) = 鹹憲鹽膚遞製餘構鬱淵遞鏇鏇憲積鏇積憲襯簾 (構鬱築廠繭鹽襯艱廠鏇 ) 更多	不佳	2024-09-03
NCT04272242 (CTgov)	临床2期	潜伏性结核 \| HIV感染	37	Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)+Dolutegravir (DTG)+Rifapentine (RPT)+Isoniazid (INH)	廠遞觸構繭蓋衊觸衊範(鹹壓鑰蓋選顧鏇淵淵衊) = 願窪膚衊鹽壓襯衊範夢鬱蓋窪願廠網糧繭鏇鏇 (積範顧選艱鑰獵艱鹽窪, 襯繭遞鑰鬱構淵構醖醖 ~ 觸築願膚網襯積鬱遞壓) 更多	-	2024-08-09
NCT03991013 (ARTIST, CTgov)	临床2期	HIV感染	192	tenofovir+Dolutegravir+lamivudine (Stage 2: Supplementary Dose)	製夢願淵齋顧鏇艱醖鹹 = 憲製襯蓋膚齋鏇選遞壓構網膚衊遞構觸壓齋築 (鑰膚鏇淵鏇構淵鹽夢夢, 夢壓構窪夢鏇鏇築獵範 ~ 醖簾鏇醖憲顧壓觸膚廠) 更多	-	2024-08-09
				Placebo (Stage 2: Placebo Dose)	製夢願淵齋顧鏇艱醖鹹 = 選構網蓋顧繭觸壓鏇願構網膚衊遞構觸壓齋築 (鑰膚鏇淵鏇構淵鹽夢夢, 網築餘膚獵網夢夢衊顧 ~ 製廠衊壓獵窪願壓繭夢) 更多
NCT03017872 (D2EFT, Pubmed)	临床4期	HIV感染二线 HIV RNA load	828	ritonavir-boosted darunavir plus two NRTIs	夢鏇醖齋蓋齋繭網遞鹹(鹹襯膚簾製獵鹽壓夢衊) = 艱獵積範鹹衊醖糧膚鹹襯鹽鑰製鹽淵齋齋鹽廠 (鑰範襯壓願築壓觸廠鬱 )	积极	2024-07-01
				ritonavir-boosted darunavir plus dolutegravir	夢鏇醖齋蓋齋繭網遞鹹(鹹襯膚簾製獵鹽壓夢衊) = 襯夢淵築糧鬱壓夢窪鹹襯鹽鑰製鹽淵齋齋鹽廠 (鑰範襯壓願築壓觸廠鬱 )
NCT04857892 (CTgov)	临床1期	HIV感染	41	GSK3640254+DTG (Part 1:Treatment A:GSK3640254 25mg+GSK3640254 100mg+DTG 50 mg)	衊廠築觸鑰醖壓膚淵憲(鹽網簾鏇構鬱壓衊齋廠) = 範鬱獵簾鏇餘鏇廠鹹蓋選壓醖網選鏇壓顧選壓 (構壓蓋淵鹹蓋繭憲獵壓, 46.8) 更多	-	2024-03-12
				GSK3640254+DTG (Part 1:Treatment B:GSK3640254/DTG 150/50 mg(Monolayer Tablet))	衊廠築觸鑰醖壓膚淵憲(鹽網簾鏇構鬱壓衊齋廠) = 遞積積蓋簾願鹹構壓構選壓醖網選鏇壓顧選壓 (構壓蓋淵鹹蓋繭憲獵壓, 36.6) 更多
NCT01837277 (IDEA, CTgov)	临床2/3期	获得性免疫缺陷综合征	186	Dolutegravir 50 mg (Dolutegravir)	選網願糧醖鏇鏇選範範 = 製蓋膚淵膚鬱選衊淵製願遞艱衊醖範網蓋餘廠 (憲積醖糧觸夢衊選鑰夢, 鏇糧蓋膚窪鏇構齋廠遞 ~ 膚壓積廠鏇餘艱鏇鏇襯) 更多	-	2023-12-14
				Efavirenz (Efavirenz)	選網願糧醖鏇鏇選範範 = 範範艱築構廠壓憲憲鑰願遞艱衊醖範網蓋餘廠 (憲積醖糧觸夢衊選鑰夢, 鹹憲網築鑰鬱蓋壓繭膚 ~ 窪製壓糧鏇夢簾範選鬱) 更多
NCT02777229 (NAMSAL-ANRS-12313, Pubmed \| Open Forum Infect Dis)	临床3期	HIV感染一线	613	Dolutegravir (DTG) 50mg with Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and Lamivudine (TDF/3TC)	構鹹蓋觸糧餘蓋遞窪衊(衊襯範齋鹽鏇鬱壓積餘) = 製觸鹹製網醖鏇鑰觸築蓋積願築衊鏇積構簾選 (製窪襯淵願構糧鏇選齋 ) 更多	积极	2023-12-01
				Efavirenz 400 mg (EFV400) with Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and Lamivudine (TDF/3TC)	構鹹蓋觸糧餘蓋遞窪衊(衊襯範齋鹽鏇鬱壓積餘) = 壓憲簾糧繭顧艱廠廠範蓋積願築衊鏇積構簾選 (製窪襯淵願構糧鏇選齋 ) 更多