Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc.

作者｜大道至简2025年3月默沙东宣布，帕博利珠单抗（可瑞达®，Keytruda®， K药）皮下注射版预计于今年10月获批。这是继去年年底，2024年12月百时美施贵宝的皮下型纳武利尤单抗（欧狄沃®，Opdivo Qvantig®，O药）后，全球第二款上市的PD-1单抗皮下注射剂。通过皮下给药的方式，单抗的单次治疗时间从数小时压缩至几分钟，患者治疗时间缩短90%以上。然而，皮下注射面临严苛的“不可能三角”：高浓度（保证药效）、低体积（≤2mL）、低刺激性（耐受性良好），三者难以同时满足。本文将从这一技术困局展开探讨，剖析行业突破路径，解读其面临的未来挑战。  01  技术瓶颈皮下单抗的“先天枷锁”静脉注射单抗的局限性长期困扰着医患双方。以PD-1抑制剂为例，单次静脉输注平均给药时间约0.5-2小时，患者每月需多次往返医院，输液过程中护士需全程监控输液反应，占用大量医疗资源。此外，与静脉注射相关的不良反应（如静脉炎、过敏反应）等，降低了患者依从性；部分患者需植入输液港，治疗体验差且易引发感染。因此，如何缩短治疗时间、优化资源分配，改善患者体验成为当务之急。1.1 大分子与皮下组织限制大分子单抗体积大，由于皮下细胞外基质（ECM）的3D网状结构，难以穿透皮肤组织，药物扩散受到限制。而且传统生物制剂在皮下的注射体积需控制在2ml以内，若超过这个范围会出现疼痛、鼓包等现象。1.2 剂量与体积的“生死博弈”单抗药物的治疗剂量通常在数百毫克级别，而皮下注射的体积在2mL以内。以纳武利尤单抗为例，常规静脉制剂的规格为10mg/mL，每两周用量为480mg，若直接改为皮下注射，要达到同样用量，2ml的皮下制剂的规格至少要提升至240mg/mL，是静脉给药的24倍。1.3 高浓度制剂的“陷阱”高浓度的制剂粘度高，注射时可能产生注射疼痛和组织损伤。此外，药物浓度过高会导致聚集、降低疗效，并引发免疫原性。  02  破局之道从配方优化到递送革命2.1 透明质酸酶——突破皮肤“防线”的钥匙重组人透明质酸酶（rHuPH20）成为突破皮下屏障的"破壁者"。它作为一种糖苷内切酶，可暂时降解透明质酸，通过局部皮下注射，改变皮下组织通透性，使药物能够快速扩散至血液循环系统，避免传统皮下注射的体积限制，提升注射容积上限，而且这种降解是暂时性的，通常在24-48小时内恢复，不影响皮下原有结构和功能。目前，这项Enhanze®给药技术的所有者——Halozyme公司，已将其授权给罗氏、强生、辉瑞等，产品开发涵盖肿瘤、罕见病、传染性疾病等多个领域。临床研究显示，罗氏使用该技术将皮下注射型曲妥珠单抗注射液（Herceptin Hylecta®）注射时间从1小时缩短至2至5分钟，药代动力学特征和静脉注射相似。强生的达雷妥尤单抗（Darzalex Faspro®）皮下注射剂2020年上市后，美国市场静脉注射向皮下制剂的转换率高达85%，而且近几年销售快速增长。根据强生最新2024年的财报，达雷妥尤单抗年销售额首次突破百亿美元，达到116.7亿美元。2.2 多抗复方制剂：剂量分摊的“巧思”在赫赛汀®皮下制剂成功的基础上，2020年罗氏又推出了多抗复方制剂——Phesgo®（赫捷康®），将帕妥珠单抗（Perjeta）与曲妥珠单抗（Herceptin）复配，通过共享rHuPH20载体，实现两种单抗同步皮下注射。一项关键临床III期研究（FeDerIca）数据显示，Phesgo®在疗效和安全性方面与静脉注射帕妥珠单抗和曲妥珠单抗相当。此外，由于缩短了给药时间，在患者偏好调查中，85%的患者更喜欢使用Phesgo®。2.3 抗体工程的“精准改造”罗氏靶向IL-6的萨特利珠单抗(satralizumab，Enspryng®，安适平)采用“再循环抗体技术”，通过改造Fc段增强与新生儿Fc受体（FcRn）结合，使抗体在细胞内循环利用，减少靶点介导的清除，提升血药浓度稳定性。该药于2020年首次上市，规格为1ml:120 mg，以皮下注射的方式给药，用于治疗视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病（NMOSD）。2021年11月，全球首个皮下注射的PD-L1“纳米抗体”——恩沃利单抗（Envafolimab，恩维达®）获得我国国家药品监督管理局（NMPA）批准上市，用于治疗不可切除或转移性的微卫星高度不稳定（MSI-H）或错配修复基因缺陷型（dMMR）的成人晚期实体瘤患者。这款由康宁杰瑞自主研发的PD-L1单抗，采用单域抗体（sdAb）融合人可结晶片段（Fc）的结构设计，具有分子量小、免疫原性低、毒性低的特点，而且组织穿透力和稳定性高；采用皮下注射方式，在30秒内完成给药，提高了患者依从性和便利性。2.4 递送设备创新：让注射更“无感”随着皮下预充注射笔、微针贴片、可穿戴设备等的出现，让患者可以在家中、社区，乃至其他任何环境中，灵活、便捷地自行治疗，进一步缩短注射时间、降低疼痛程度，实现无痛注射给药。2021年8月，信达生物的皮下注射产品阿达木单抗注射液（苏立信®）在中国获批上市，其为预充针剂型，采用BD Hypak™针头技术和组氨酸缓冲体系减轻注射疼痛，用于类风湿关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、银屑病等治疗。2022年，赛诺菲与Enable Injection合作，采用其enFuse可穿戴药物递送系统开发CD38抗体Isatuximab（Sarclisa®）的皮下注射剂型，以改善多发性骨髓瘤患者的治疗体验，目前尚处在临床研究早期阶段。接下来，我们对全球代表性的皮下单抗产品做一个简单梳理，如下表。（*：暂未批准，此为默沙东预计时间。）从表中可以看出，从罗氏Herceptin Hylecta®到近期默沙东Keytruda SC®，皮下单抗技术经历了从"依赖外源辅助"到"自主结构优化"演进，同时注射时间从分钟级迈入秒级时代，最终实现"浓度-体积-耐受性"三角平衡的技术跃迁。  03  未来挑战从技术到生态不容忽视的风险3.1 免疫原性：皮下注射的“隐形地雷”皮下单次和重复给药后可能增加产生抗药抗体（ADA）的风险，ADA可加速药物清除、降低血药浓度，影响治疗蛋白的药代动力学和药效学，从而削弱疗效。例如，阿达木单抗皮下给药后28%患者产生ADA，而曲妥珠单抗皮下制剂的ADA发生率（16%）也高于静脉制剂。3.2 稳定性：高浓度药物的难题高浓度单抗制剂最突出的挑战是在制造、运输和储存过程中的稳定性问题，可能导致聚集、降解和变性。因此，如何保持制剂的长期稳定性，并确保其在不同条件下的有效性是一个关键问题。3.3 成本与高定价的矛盾皮下注射单抗涉及复杂制剂工艺，与常规静脉制剂相比研发、生产成本高15%-20%。尽管可以通过纳入医保提升可及性，但皮下制剂的高定价在一定程度上会限制基层推广。  写在最后  从“静脉”到“皮下”，这场分秒必争的革命，我们看到皮下单抗的“不可能三角”正被逐一击破。当皮下注射技术将癌症治疗，从医院逐步向家庭与社区延伸，我们看到的不仅是给药方式的革新，更是医疗本质的回归——让技术服务于人。然而，医药开发者需始终牢记：任何技术创新都不能以牺牲安全性为代价。唯有在浓度、体积与耐受性间找到最佳平衡点，才能真正实现“患者获益最大化”的终极目标。参考资料1. Opdivo Qvantig®.BMS.2024年12月.2.ENHANZE®drug delivery technology.halozyme.com.3.Phesgo®.Roche.2020年6月.4.Enspryng®.Roche.2020年8月.5.恩沃利单抗（恩维达®）.康宁杰瑞.6.官网或其他公开资料.共建Biomedical创新生态圈！如何加入BiG会员？

European Commission (EC) decision on marketing authorization application expected within approximately two months SAN DIEGO, April 28, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: HALO) (Halozyme) today announced that argenx received a positive opinion from the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency recommending European Commission (EC) approval of VYVGART® 1000mg (efgartigimod alfa) developed with ENHANZE®, Halozyme's proprietary recombinant human hyaluronidase enzyme (rHuPH20) for subcutaneous (SC) injection as a monotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with progressive or relapsing active chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) after prior treatment with corticosteroids or immunoglobulins. The SC injection of VYVGART® is available as a vial or prefilled syringe and can be administered by a patient, caregiver, or healthcare professional. VYVGART is the first and only targeted IgG Fc-antibody fragment for Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP) and the first novel mechanism of action for CIDP treatment in more than 30 years. "We are delighted that the subcutaneous injection of VYVGART® co-formulated with our ENHANZE drug delivery technology, has been recommended for approval in the European Union. The positive CHMP opinion moves argenx closer to offering patients throughout Europe a groundbreaking new treatment option. We are proud to support argenx achieve their vision of developing innovative, targeted treatments for patients with rare and severe autoimmune diseases," said Dr. Helen Torley, president and chief executive officer of Halozyme. The CHMP recommendation is based on positive results from the ADHERE clinical trial, the largest study of CIDP patients to date. For more information on the CHMP recommendation, and the ADHERE study and its findings, please view argenx's press release issued on April 28, 2025. The EC is expected to make a decision following CHMP recommendation and the decision will apply to all 27 European Union Member States, and also to Iceland, Norway and Liechtenstein. About Halozyme Halozyme is a biopharmaceutical company advancing disruptive solutions to improve patient experiences and outcomes for emerging and established therapies. As the innovators of ENHANZE® drug delivery technology with the proprietary enzyme rHuPH20, Halozyme's commercially-validated solution is used to facilitate the subcutaneous delivery of injected drugs and fluids, with the goal of improving the patient experience with rapid subcutaneous delivery and reduced treatment burden. Having touched one million patient lives in post-marketing use in ten commercialized products in at least one major region and across more than 100 global markets, Halozyme has licensed its ENHANZE® technology to leading pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies including Roche, Takeda, Pfizer, Janssen, AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Bristol-Myers Squibb, argenx, ViiV Healthcare, Chugai Pharmaceutical and Acumen Pharmaceuticals. Halozyme also develops, manufactures and commercializes, for itself or with partners, drug-device combination products using its advanced auto-injector technologies that are designed to provide commercial or functional advantages such as improved convenience, reliability and tolerability, and enhanced patient comfort and adherence. The Company has two commercial proprietary products, Hylenex® and XYOSTED®, partnered commercial products and ongoing product development programs with Teva Pharmaceuticals and McDermott Laboratories Limited, an affiliate of Viatris Inc. Halozyme is headquartered in San Diego, CA and has offices in Ewing, NJ and Minnetonka, MN. Minnetonka is also the site of its operations facility. For more information visit and connect with us on LinkedIn and Twitter. Safe Harbor Statement In addition to historical information, the statements set forth above include forward-looking statements including, without limitation, statements concerning the possible activity, benefits and attributes of ENHANZE®, the possible method of action of ENHANZE®, its potential application to aid in the dispersion and absorption of other injected therapeutic drugs, and statements concerning certain other potential benefits of ENHANZE® including facilitating more rapid delivery of injectable medications through subcutaneous delivery and potentially lowering the treatment burden for patients, including a potential reduction in administration time and broadening the treatment options for the indication referred to in this press release. Forward-looking statements may also include statements regarding the product development efforts of Halozyme's ENHANZE® partner and the potential approval of an extension of marketing authorization for the subcutaneous formulation referred to in this press release and the timing of such potential approval. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements are typically, but not always, identified through use of the words "expect," "believe," "enable," "may," "will," "could," "intends," "estimate," "anticipate," "plan," "predict," "probable," "potential," "possible," "should," "continue," and other words of similar meaning. Actual results could differ materially from the expectations contained in forward-looking statements as a result of several factors, including uncertainties concerning whether the extension of marketing authorization for the subcutaneous formulation referred to in this press release is delayed or ultimately approved, unexpected results or delays in the launch or commercialization of our partner's product for the indication referred to in this press release, unexpected adverse events or patient experiences or outcomes from being treated with the ENHANZE® co-formulated treatment referred to in this press release, and competitive conditions. These and other factors that may result in differences are discussed in greater detail in Halozyme's most recent Annual and Quarterly Reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Except as required by law, Halozyme undertakes no duty to update forward-looking statements to reflect events after the date of this release. Contacts: Tram Bui VP, Investor Relations and Corporate Communications 609-333-7668 [email protected] Samantha Gaspar Teneo 212-886-9356 [email protected] SOURCE Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED

None AstraZeneca and Daiichi Sankyo are gunning to get Enhertu a new first-line approval in HER2-positive breast cancer after a positive phase 3 readout. Akeso's bispecific ivonescimab has bagged a phase 3 win when combined with chemotherapy in first-line lung cancer. Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies signed a 10-year manufacturing contract with Regeneron.1. AstraZeneca, Daiichi say Enhertu delivers 'highly statistically significant' efficacy in first-line breast cancerAstraZeneca and Daiichi Sankyo said a phase 3 trial of their Enhertu has met its primary endpoint of progression-free survival in first-line HER2-positive breast cancer. The antibody-drug conjugate was paired with Roche’s Perjeta and outperformed the standard combination of Perjeta, Herceptin and chemotherapy. The two companies are preparing regulatory filings.2. With new trial win, Akeso bispecific shows prior success against Keytruda is no 'fluke'Akeso and Summit Therapeutics’ PD-1xVEGF bispecific ivonescimab has posted another phase 3 trial win. This time, the drug’s combination with chemo beat BeiGene’s PD-1 inhibitor Tevimbra and chemo in Chinese patients with first-line squamous non-small cell lung cancer on progression-free survival. This readout shows that ivonescimab’s previous head-to-head win against Keytruda was “anything but a ‘one hit wonder,’” a Citi analyst said.3. Amid industry's onshoring push, Regeneron taps Fujifilm Diosynth for $3B, 10-year commercial manufacturing team-upRegeneron has penned a 10-year agreement worth more than $3 billion with Fujifilm Diosynth Biotechnologies. The deal will see the Japanese CDMO help manufacture bulk drug product at its Holly Springs, North Carolina, campus for Regeneron’s commercial biologics. The deal will nearly double Regeneron’s domestic manufacturing capacity.4. Stealth biotech bags rights to VelaVigo bispecific in $440M dealShanghai-based VelaVigo Bio has offloaded ex-China rights to a bispecific to Ollin Biosciences for up to $440 million. The target of the asset, VBS-102, was unclear, although Ollin appears to have a focus on ophthalmology. The deal comes six months after VelaVigo sold ex-China rights to a Nectin4xTROP2 bispecific antibody-drug conjugate to Avenzo Therapeutics.5. Halozyme sues Merck over subcutaneous Keytruda as licensing talks fall throughHalozyme has filed a lawsuit against Merck & Co., accusing the New Jersey pharma’s subcutaneous Keytruda infringes 15 of its Mdase family of patents over modified human hyaluronidases. Merck’s SC Keytruda is developed with a hyaluronidase from South Korean company Alteogen.6. Ascletis sees no benefit to high, fast oral GLP-1 dose titration, takes low, slow regimen forwardAscletis posted some baffling phase 1 results from a high dose of its oral GLP-1 prospect ASC30. Thanks to two outliers who lost just 1.8% of their weight after 28 days, the dose’s average weight reduction was even worse than that previously reported for two lower doses. Even after removing those outliers, the high dose performed similarly to a lower dose.7. Tariff hits to generic drugs could 'blow back on everybody' without supply chain resilience, says USP chief8. Lupin recalls nearly 3,000 bottles of OCD medication in the US after subpar stability testing results9. Chinese CRO GemPharmatech expands in San Diego as industry weighs FDA's animal testing shift10. Lowering blood pressure reduces dementia risk in patients with hypertension, large China trial reveals