Abstract::Anaplastic thyroid cancer is the rarest, most aggressive, and undifferentiated class of thyroid
cancer, accounting for nearly forty percent of all thyroid cancer-related deaths. It is caused by alterations
in many cellular pathways like MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, ALK, Wnt activation, and TP53
inactivation. Although many treatment strategies, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, have
been proposed to treat anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, they are usually accompanied by concerns such
as resistance, which may lead to the lethality of the patient. The emerging nanotechnology-based approaches
cater the purposes such as targeted drug delivery and modulation in drug release patterns
based on internal or external stimuli, leading to an increase in drug concentration at the site of the action
that gives the required therapeutic action as well as modulation in diagnostic intervention with the
help of dye property materials. Nanotechnological platforms like liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, exosomes,
and various nanoparticles are available and are of high research interest for therapeutic intervention
in anaplastic thyroid cancer. The pro gression of the disease can also be traced by using magnetic
probes or radio-labeled probes and quantum dots that serve as a diagnostic intervention in anaplastic
thyroid cancer.