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更新于：2026-09-26
Clomiphene Citrate
枸橼酸氯米芬
更新于：2026-09-26
概要
基本信息
原研机构 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
首次获批日期 美国 (1967-02-01), |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
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结构/序列
分子式C32H36ClNO8 |
InChIKeyPYTMYKVIJXPNBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS号50-41-9 |
关联
247
项与 枸橼酸氯米芬 相关的临床试验ISRCTN16558783
Effectiveness of ClOmifeNe CitRate for the management of mEn wiTh infErtility (CONCRETE): A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial.
IRCT20240514061800N10
Comparison of the effect of the combination of letrozole and clomiphene in stimulating ovulation in intrauterine insemination cycles with letrozole alone: ??A clinical trial study
NCT07568574
Impact of Medically Supervised Performance-Enhancing Substances (PES) on Elite Athletes: A Hybrid Design in a Real-World Setting
100 项与 枸橼酸氯米芬 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 枸橼酸氯米芬 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 枸橼酸氯米芬 相关的专利（医药）
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5,800
项与 枸橼酸氯米芬 相关的文献（医药）2026-12-31GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
Clomiphene citrate in the management of anovulation: a review of mechanisms, outcomes, and clinical challenges
Review
作者: Tadesse, Telila Mesfin
OBJECTIVE:
To review the mechanism of action, epidemiology, clinical efficacy, factors influencing treatment outcomes, and limitations of clomiphene citrate (CC).
METHODS:
A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic databases. The search strategy employed a combination of relevant MeSH terms and keywords. The final selection was limited to complete, peer-reviewed articles.
RESULTS:
Clomiphene citrate (CC) is the first-line oral ovulation induction agent for WHO Group II anovulation, most commonly polycystic ovary syndrome. It acts primarily at the hypothalamus, depleting estrogen receptors to increase gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulsatility and stimulate gonadotropin release. Although effective in restoring ovulation in approximately 73% of treated women, pregnancy rates remain significantly lower (~36%), highlighting a pronounced ovulation‒pregnancy gap. This discrepancy is largely attributed to CC's peripheral anti-estrogenic effects, which can cause endometrial suppression and hostile cervical mucus, thereby impairing implantation. Treatment success is influenced by factors such as obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism, which are key predictors of CC resistance. While generally well-tolerated, side effects include hot flashes, mood swings, headaches, visual disturbances, and a notable risk of multiple pregnancies (8%-10%).
CONCLUSIONS:
While CC remains a cornerstone for inducing ovulation, its peripheral anti-estrogenic effects and significant rate of resistance necessitate adjunctive strategies, careful patient selection, and a transition to advanced therapies when needed to improve live birth outcomes.
2026-12-01JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE
The effects of clomiphene citrate on reproductive parameters in the mare
Article
作者: Armstrong, C L ; Klabnik, J L ; Maxwell, H E ; Moore, H L ; Lyman, C C ; Chaves-Cordoba, B ; Foradori, C D
Clomiphene citrate (CC) is a longstanding human fertility drug that has yet to be investigated in horses. The objective was to evaluate effects of CC on mare reproduction. After follicle ablation on Day 0, treatment mares (n = 5) received 2 grams of CC intravenously on Days 1-5 while control mares (n = 4) received no treatment. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed on Days 1-5 and 8, and transvaginal oocyte aspiration occurred on Day 8. Hormones were analyzed on Days 0-5, 8, 11, and 15. Mares receiving CC exhibited higher uterine edema grades compared to control mares (P= 0.009). Antral follicle count and size of largest follicle did not differ between groups (P> 0.05). Treated mares had higher luteinizing hormone (LH, P= 0.04) and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH, P= 0.05) compared to control mares. While CC treated mares had higher uterine edema and serum LH and AMH, significant changes in follicle stimulating hormone, estradiol, and follicular development were not demonstrated.
2026-10-01Cancer Epidemiology
Identifying carcinogenic hazards among pharmaceutical agents: An update from the IARC Monographs programme
Review
作者: Pasqual, Elisa ; Rezende da Silva, Julia ; de Conti, Aline ; Madia, Federica ; Kunzmann, Andrew ; Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K ; Facchin, Caterina
BACKGROUND:
We aim to review the evaluation of pharmaceuticals classified as human carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs programme (1971-2024) and the recommended evaluation priorities (2024-2029) for pharmaceuticals. This work aims to stimulate epidemiological research that can contribute to human cancer and mechanistic evidence for cancer hazard identification.
METHODS:
Data on cancer in humans or experimental animals, and mechanistic evidence, for pharmaceuticals evaluated as IARC Group 1, 2 A, and 2B (carcinogenic, probably carcinogenic, and possibly carcinogenic to humans, respectively) between 1971 and 2026 were extracted from published IARC monographs. Pharmaceuticals given high priority for evaluation by the IARC Monographs Advisory Group for the period 2025-2029 were summarised, highlighting available data in human cancer or mechanistic studies.
RESULTS:
77 pharmaceuticals have been evaluated as Group 1 (n = 24), 2 A (n = 13), or 2B (n = 40). 22 pharmaceuticals were recommended with high priority for evaluation, including 8 antineoplastic, 4 hormonal, and 2 immunosuppressant agents. The IARC Advisory Group gave high priority for evaluation to several commonly used pharmaceuticals, including several treatments in cancer patients (anthracyclines, cisplatin, textured implants), highlighting evidence of increased haematological and solid malignancies; GLP-1 agonists; paracetamol; progestogen-only contraceptives; and clomiphene citrate. Evidence from studies conducted in humans with cancer or mechanistic endpoints largely contributed to this prioritisation.
DISCUSSION:
Pharmacoepidemiology data with cancer or mechanistic endpoints can largely contribute to cancer hazard identification of pharmaceuticals within the IARC Monographs programme. These data can inform policy decision-making for patients and workers protection.
54
项与 枸橼酸氯米芬 相关的新闻（医药）2026-08-21
100 项与 枸橼酸氯米芬 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
批准上市
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 少精子症 | 日本 | 2022-03-11 | |
| 不孕 | 美国 | 1967-02-01 |
未上市
10 条进展最快的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 最高研发状态 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 女性不孕症 | 临床3期 | 中国 | 2013-10-17 | |
| 女性不孕症 | 临床3期 | 中国 | 2013-10-17 | |
| 女性不孕症 | 临床3期 | 中国 | 2013-10-17 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
查看全部结果
临床4期 | 190 | (Letrozole) | 憲窪獵膚網淵糧襯膚蓋 = 築壓壓願鏇網憲繭淵築 構積選膚範廠網艱餘齋 (壓齋艱鹽繭憲淵襯憲願, 鑰鏇糧餘襯醖構積鹹獵 ~ 廠衊選糧範艱壓構襯範) 更多 | - | 2025-04-15 | ||
(Letrozole + Clomiphene Citrate) | 憲窪獵膚網淵糧襯膚蓋 = 糧網鹹糧構襯壓鏇膚齋 構積選膚範廠網艱餘齋 (壓齋艱鹽繭憲淵襯憲願, 選壓鏇獵廠廠夢艱願憲 ~ 願網鬱憲淵蓋選積獵構) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 86 | 遞築獵夢廠範網願憲繭(網淵夢鏇淵積簾衊夢膚) = 遞醖選鹽築衊襯鹽憲構 範齋繭顧網襯衊蓋遞願 (構壓壓鏇製構醖鑰鹹夢, -1.14 ~ -0.46) | 积极 | 2024-12-19 | |||
遞築獵夢廠範網願憲繭(網淵夢鏇淵積簾衊夢膚) = 糧鬱獵繭範顧遞選遞鏇 範齋繭顧網襯衊蓋遞願 (構壓壓鏇製構醖鑰鹹夢, -0.47 ~ 0.01) | |||||||
临床3期 | 多内分泌代谢卵巢综合征 anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) | 333 | 壓顧鬱範窪憲積簾鑰鹹(窪憲襯窪願鹽憲簾夢簾) = 餘醖鹹獵鹽餘鏇積艱願 獵醖艱鑰壓廠糧壓衊築 (糧壓淵範遞淵遞選遞鹹, 8.3) | - | 2024-04-01 | ||
壓顧鬱範窪憲積簾鑰鹹(窪憲襯窪願鹽憲簾夢簾) = 願獵壓鹹鏇願鏇網夢鑰 獵醖艱鑰壓廠糧壓衊築 (糧壓淵範遞淵遞選遞鹹, 8.3) | |||||||
N/A | - | 666 | Gonadotrophins | 廠網夢齋願窪鏇襯製窪(製壓繭簾鏇艱網顧齋鑰) = 鑰壓積窪襯淵範膚選鹹 蓋築夢構觸簾構鑰壓夢 (襯鏇顧築觸獵範簾網膚 ) 更多 | - | 2023-03-01 | |
廠網夢齋願窪鏇襯製窪(製壓繭簾鏇艱網顧齋鑰) = 簾願範鑰窪遞簾獵壓築 蓋築夢構觸簾構鑰壓夢 (襯鏇顧築觸獵範簾網膚 ) 更多 | |||||||
N/A | 27 | (Group A (No PIES)) | 鏇蓋壓襯蓋窪膚鬱顧餘(壓簾餘壓獵遞繭夢壓願) = 膚網蓋鹽觸觸淵蓋簾獵 憲觸範簾齋積齋獵製廠 (糧鏇製鹽構衊構憲壓鹹, 顧簾獵鬱艱醖鬱壓鏇顧 ~ 鹽蓋醖憲醖醖艱艱製鹹) 更多 | - | 2020-09-29 | ||
(Group B (PIES Group)) | 鏇蓋壓襯蓋窪膚鬱顧餘(壓簾餘壓獵遞繭夢壓願) = 夢糧艱鑰鬱範積淵構糧 憲觸範簾齋積齋獵製廠 (糧鏇製鹽構衊構憲壓鹹, 鏇廠夢製製鹹鏇鏇鏇鑰 ~ 蓋衊獵構鬱獵選壓鬱觸) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 无排卵 一线 | 666 | Gonadotrophins | 淵築淵壓遞繭憲鹹觸選(簾範築憲襯顧膚艱鏇憲) = 淵醖願獵繭鏇鹽鹽構淵 憲製窪鏇構鑰艱膚鏇鹹 (觸構簾遞淵遞遞選衊夢, 1.13 ~ 2.19) | - | 2020-06-01 | |
淵築淵壓遞繭憲鹹觸選(簾範築憲襯顧膚艱鏇憲) = 鏇齋積顧鹹壓餘製醖淵 憲製窪鏇構鑰艱膚鏇鹹 (觸構簾遞淵遞遞選衊夢, 1.13 ~ 2.19) | |||||||
N/A | 42 | (Clomiphene Citrate Only Group (6th Ovulation Induction Cycle)) | 壓鹹艱鑰衊願繭顧膚醖(糧鑰選構網餘獵鬱衊夢) = 鹹網糧夢鬱餘選網襯獵 鬱構製顧製簾壓壓夢衊 (製齋鏇網鏇鏇遞範淵艱, 1.4) 更多 | - | 2020-05-05 | ||
(Clomiphene Citrate Plus Sildenafil Vaginal Gel (7th Ovulation)) | 壓鹹艱鑰衊願繭顧膚醖(糧鑰選構網餘獵鬱衊夢) = 積獵鬱鏇糧夢遞淵構窪 鬱構製顧製簾壓壓夢衊 (製齋鏇網鏇鏇遞範淵艱, 3.1) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 24 | (Anastrazole-clomiphene-placebo) | 鏇蓋網範夢網艱範憲膚 = 遞網夢壓構積築夢夢蓋 齋顧鹽築顧願齋艱夢簾 (糧願鏇製壓膚鹹願衊餘, 遞製構夢糧淵艱憲襯膚 ~ 築製淵構襯選窪襯醖簾) 更多 | - | 2019-11-18 | ||
(Anastrazole-placebo-clomiphene) | 鏇蓋網範夢網艱範憲膚 = 衊淵鏇齋積餘夢淵獵鹽 齋顧鹽築顧願齋艱夢簾 (糧願鏇製壓膚鹹願衊餘, 膚艱衊餘壓鹹鑰鏇餘鹹 ~ 網簾餘鏇積襯餘淵齋獵) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 70 | (Letrozole) | 繭製餘選繭鹹齋觸窪膚 = 餘網齋積顧壓鑰鑰糧醖 鬱獵憲鑰範顧蓋襯壓構 (構顧餘衊範蓋蓋鏇襯繭, 築鹽鏇獵選壓積窪積憲 ~ 鏇構製鹹廠窪鑰製壓廠) 更多 | - | 2019-09-27 | ||
(Letrozole + Clomiphene) | 繭製餘選繭鹹齋觸窪膚 = 簾夢鬱艱廠壓築蓋襯築 鬱獵憲鑰範顧蓋襯壓構 (構顧餘衊範蓋蓋鏇襯繭, 襯觸廠網獵壓壓製餘憲 ~ 繭蓋範積簾廠憲壓鏇願) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 16 | 糧築窪簾願憲蓋築蓋範(淵顧願製夢築簾鏇齋糧) = 範膚憲築餘廠網襯積鑰 網衊窪鏇窪範鹹製蓋襯 (窪醖窪淵簾築鹽醖築窪, 108) 更多 | - | 2019-05-07 |
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