格隆溴铵(Glycopyrrolate) - 药物靶点：mAChRs_在研适应症：心律失常，脑瘫，慢性阻塞性肺疾病_专利_临床

概要

基本信息

药物类型

小分子化药

别名

Extrafine glycopyrronium bromide pMDI、Glycopyrrolate (USP)、Glycopyrrolate inhalation - Chiesi

+ [34]

靶点

mAChRs

作用方式

拮抗剂

作用机制

mAChRs拮抗剂(毒蕈碱型乙酰胆碱受体家族拮抗剂)

治疗领域

在研适应症

非在研适应症

原研机构

在研机构

Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.Novartis Europharm Ltd.

AstraZeneca PLC

+ [14]

非在研机构

Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada, Inc.

Novartis AG

Pearl Therapeutics, Inc.

+ [9]

权益机构

Sumitomo Pharma America, Inc.

浙江海正药业股份有限公司

Vectura Group Ltd.

+ [4]

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批日期

美国 (1961-08-11),

消化性溃疡

最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市

特殊审评孤儿药 (美国)、优先审评 (中国)

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结构/序列

分子式C19H28BrNO3

InChIKeyVPNYRYCIDCJBOM-HPUDQCTASA-M

CAS号51186-83-5

关联

282

项与格隆溴铵相关的临床试验

NCT07802730

/ Not yet recruiting临床1期

Comparison of Pharmacokinetics of Glycopyrrolate (AERO-002) in AERO-007 Combination Product Versus Active Comparator Inhalation Glycopyrrolate Product in Healthy Volunteers

This is a phase 1, single-dose, 2-period crossover study in healthy volunteers to compare the systemic pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of inhaled AERO-002 versus inhaled active comparator product.

开始日期2026-09-01

申办/合作机构

Aerorx Therapeutics, Inc.

[+1]

CTRI/2026/07/113857

/ Not yet recruiting临床4期IIT

A Prospective Randomised Controlled Study Of Effect Of Intramuscular Glycopyrrolate on Hemodynamic Changes During Spinal Anaesthesia Among Elderly Patients Posted For Infraumbilical Surgery - NIL

开始日期2026-08-11

申办/合作机构-

CTRI/2026/07/114002

/ Not yet recruiting临床3期

A Prospective, Randomised, Assessor-blind, Multi-centre, Parallel-group, Active-controlled Study to Evaluate Safety of Beclometasone Dipropionate, Formoterol Fumarate Dihydrate, Glycopyrronium 172-5-9 mcg Pressurised Inhalation Solution -HFO-1234ze[E] versus Trimbow 172-5-9 mcg Pressurised Inhalation Solution HFA-134a in Participants with Asthma. - NIL

开始日期2026-07-30

申办/合作机构

Lupin Research, Inc.

[+1]

100 项与格隆溴铵相关的临床结果

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100 项与格隆溴铵相关的转化医学

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100 项与格隆溴铵相关的专利（医药）

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2,430

项与格隆溴铵相关的文献（医药）

2026-12-31·COPD-Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Smart Inhaler Parameters for Identifying Clinical Worsening in COPD, Leading Up to an Exacerbation: A Pilot Study

Article

作者: van der Palen, Job ; Lenferink, Anke ; Steen, Sabine ; van Beurden, Wendy ; Brusse-Keizer, Marjolein ; Chamaon, Dumiana ; van Dijk, Sanne H.B.

BACKGROUND:

Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD) drive disease progression and morbidity. Early prediction could enable timely intervention and thereby potentially limit the severity of the AECOPD and shorten its course. Smart inhalers measure inhalation parameters that may detect physiological changes preceding AECOPDs.

OBJECTIVE:

To explore whether changes in inhalation parameters (inhalation duration, Peak Inspiratory Flow (PIF), inhalation volume) as measured by a smart inhaler (RS01X^TM) can identify clinical worsening leading up to an exacerbation within 14 days preceding an AECOPD.

METHODS:

This single-centre observational pilot study included nine COPD patients using maintenance therapy (LAMA/LABA ± ICS) with the RS01X^TM inhaler for six months. AECOPD were defined based on daily symptom diary data. Trends in inhalation parameters during the 14-day pre-AECOPD window were compared with 14-day control periods without AECOPD using descriptive statistics, visual inspection, slope calculations, and exploratory generalised estimating equations (GEE).

RESULTS:

During the follow-up period, five AECOPDs occurred in three patients. While PIF (p = .007) showed a clear decline preceding AECOPD, inhalation duration (p = .712) and volume (p = .215) remained stable prior to an AECOPD.

CONCLUSION:

Inhalation parameters, particularly PIF, appear promising and may reflect physiological changes associated with AECOPD. However, their use as a standalone predictor is still too early. The heterogeneity of COPD and the explorative design of this study limit their current predictive utility within a 14-day window. Nevertheless, these findings suggest potential for future research, particularly when combined with clinical and contextual data to improve predictive accuracy.

2026-12-31·European Clinical Respiratory Journal

Effect of evening vs. morning LAMA administration on risk of intensive care admission in COPD patients: influence of adherence post hoc analysis of the randomized controlled trial – LAMA BY NIGHT

Article

作者: Biering-Sørensen, Tor ; Vognsen, Anna Kubel ; Johansen, Niklas Dyrby ; Pareek, Manan ; Modin, Daniel ; Rømer, Valdemar ; Sivapalan, Pradeesh ; Mathioudakis, Alexander G. ; Hurst, John R. ; Jensen, Jens-Ulrik Stæhr ; Vestbo, Jørgen

Background:

The timing of LAMA administration, prescribed for morning dosing, has been questioned, particularly given the nocturnal symptoms many COPD patients experience. The LAMA BY NIGHT trial investigated the impact of LAMA dosing timing (morning vs. evening) on patient-related outcomes, and found no significant effect on risk of exacerbation, but a significant association with ICU admissions. This post hoc analysis of the LAMA BY NIGHT trial explored this association further according to adherence to administration time.

Objective:

To determine whether the administration timing of LAMA affects the risk of ICU admission for COPD patients.

Methods:

The LAMA BY NIGHT trial was a digital, multicenter, randomized, open-label study that enrolled 10,011 COPD patients. Adherence was measured at 6 and 12 months, with patients considered adherent if they used LAMA at least 6 days a week at the prescribed time. ICU admissions were tracked over 12-months, and relative risks (RR) were calculated to compare admission rates between morning and evening dosing groups. The analysis was stratified by adherence, to assess the sensitivity of the results.

Results:

At 6 months, 6,747 patients (67%) completed follow-up questionnaires, of whom 80% were adherent. The risk of ICU admission was numerically lower in the evening dosing group among adherent patients (14/2,302 vs. 24/3,056, RR = 0.77, CI = (0.61-1.55), p = 0.55). At 12 months, ICU admissions were similar between groups (RR = 0.97, CI = (0.40-1.50), p = 1.00). Likewise, non-adherent patients showed no significant difference in ICU admissions between morning and evening dosing at 6 months or 12 months.

Conclusion:

In this post hoc analysis of the LAMA BY NIGHT trial, evening administration of LAMA did not reduce the risk of ICU admissions among patients with COPD, and adherence to the assigned dosing schedule did not modify this association.

2026-12-31·ANNALS OF MEDICINE

Clinical impact of disease stability on exacerbation and mortality in COPD: a retrospective cohort study

Article

作者: Lee, Hyun Woo ; Kim, Sang Hyuk ; Lee, Jung-Kyu ; Min, Kyung Hoon ; Kim, Deog Kyeom

BACKGROUND:

Disease stability is an achievable goal in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management. However, the clinical implications of disease stability in patients with COPD remain unclear.

METHODS:

We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study using the electronic medical records of treated patients with symptomatic COPD. Patients who had newly initiated inhaler therapy with long-acting β2-agonist/long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LABA/LAMA) or inhaled corticosteroid/LABA/LAMA combinations were included. Disease stability was defined over a one-year assessment period as meeting all of the following criteria: (1) symptom stability; (2) no moderate or severe exacerbations; and (3) no rapid decline in lung function. The outcomes included acute exacerbations and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS:

Of the 725 screened patients, 405 were eligible for inclusion in the study. Among them, 158 (39.0%) achieved disease stability. The proportions of patients who met each criterion were 70.4% for symptom stability, 63.7% for no exacerbations, and 71.4% for a non-rapid lung function decline. Only 5.9% met none of these criteria. During the follow up duration of median 62 (interquartile ranges, 30-90) months, disease stability was significantly associated with a reduced risk of moderate-to-severe (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.521, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.392-0.692) and severe (aHR 0.393, 95% CI 0.279-0.553) exacerbations after adjusting for confounders. It was also associated with a decreased mortality risk (aHR 0.345, 95% CI 0.135-0.883).

CONCLUSION:

Disease stability was associated with a lower risk of exacerbation and mortality, suggesting its potential role as a treatment target and outcome measure for COPD.

532

项与格隆溴铵相关的新闻（医药）

2026-10-08

·今日头条

中国生物制药(01177)：TQC3721吸入混悬液“PDE3/4抑制剂”III期注册临床完成全部受试者入组

来源：智通财经网中国生物制药(01177)发布公告，本集团附属公司正大天晴药业集团股份有限公司(正大天晴)自主研发的国家1类创新药TQC3721吸入混悬液“PDE3/4抑制剂”用于慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)维持治疗的关键注册III期临床试验(PACER-III)，已于近期完成全部受试者入组。 TQC3721吸入混悬液是一款PDE3/4双靶点抑制剂。磷酸二酯酶(PDEs)是一个酶超家族，通过催化环磷酸腺甘(cAMP)和环磷酸鸟甘(cGMP)水解失活，从而调控多种病理、生理过程。其中，PDE3在气道平滑肌中高表达，PDE4则广泛表达于各类炎症细胞。TQC3721通过双重机制发挥作用：一方面促进气道平滑肌松弛以改善通气，另一方面抑制炎症反应，从而有效控制疾病进展。 COPD是一种以慢性呼吸道症状(呼吸困难、咳嗽、咳痰)为特征的肺部疾病，核心病理机制为慢性气道炎症和持续性气流阻塞。COPD是全球第三大死亡原因，患病人数超过3.91亿。当前COPD治疗以长效毒蕈硷拮抗剂(LAMA)和长效β2受体激动剂(LABA)为主，可改善肺功能，但对气道炎症疗效有限。吸入性糖皮质激素(ICS)作为慢性炎症性气道疾病的主要治疗手段，与LABA或LAMA联用可减少急性加重，但对血嗜酸性粒细胞计数低的患者获益有限，且增加肺炎风险。因此，亟需开发兼具抗炎与改善气流阻塞作用的新型药物。作为一款创新吸入制剂，TQC3721佈局雾化吸入混悬液与干粉吸入粉雾剂两种剂型，可适配不同患者群体、疾病严重程度及商业化应用场景。针对COPD，TQC3721雾化吸入混悬液在II期研究中已展现出同类最佳潜力，该剂型目前已完成III期临床入组，干粉吸入粉雾剂亦同步推进至II期临床，有望成为中国首款获批上市的国产吸入式PDE3/4双重抑制剂。

临床3期临床2期上市批准

2026-10-08

·今日头条

中国生物制药(01177.HK)：TQC3721吸入混悬液"PDE3/4抑制剂"III期注册临床完成全部受试者入组

来源：格隆汇APP 格隆汇10月8日丨中国生物制药(01177.HK)宣布，集团附属公司正大天晴自主研发的国家1类创新药TQC3721吸入混悬液「PDE3/4抑制剂」用于慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)维持治疗的关键注册III期临床试验(PACER-III)，已于近期完成全部受试者入组。 TQC3721吸入混悬液是一款PDE3/4双靶点抑制剂。磷酸二酯酶(PDEs)是一个酶超家族，通过催化环磷酸腺甘(cAMP)和环磷酸鸟甘(cGMP)水解失活，从而调控多种病理、生理过程。其中，PDE3在气道平滑肌中高表达，PDE4则广泛表达于各类炎症细胞。TQC3721通过双重机制发挥作用：一方面促进气道平滑肌松弛以改善通气，另一方面抑制炎症反应，从而有效控制疾病进展。 COPD是一种以慢性呼吸道症状(呼吸困难、咳嗽、咳痰)为特徵的肺部疾病，核心病理机制为慢性气道炎症和持续性气流阻塞。COPD是全球第三大死亡原因，患病人数超过3.91亿。当前COPD治疗以长效毒蕈硷拮抗剂(LAMA)和长效β2受体激动剂(LABA)为主，可改善肺功能，但对气道炎症疗效有限。吸入性糖皮质激素(ICS)作为慢性炎症性气道疾病的主要治疗手段，与LABA或LAMA联用可减少急性加重，但对血嗜酸性粒细胞计数低的患者获益有限，且增加肺炎风险。因此，亟需开发兼具抗炎与改善气流阻塞作用的新型药物。作为一款创新吸入制剂，TQC3721布局雾化吸入混悬液与乾粉吸入粉雾剂两种剂型，可适配不同患者群体、疾病严重程度及商业化应用场景。针对COPD，TQC3721雾化吸入混悬液在II期研究中已展现出同类最佳潜力，该剂型目前已完成III期临床入组，乾粉吸入粉雾剂亦同步推进至II期临床，有望成为中国首款获批上市的国产吸入式PDE3/4双重抑制剂。

临床3期临床2期上市批准临床1期

2026-10-08

·网易号

中国生物制药(01177)：TQC3721吸入混悬液“PDE3/4抑制剂”III期注册临床完成全部受试者入组

智通财经APP讯，中国生物制药(01177)发布公告，本集团附属公司正大天晴药业集团股份有限公司(正大天晴)自主研发的国家1类创新药TQC3721吸入混悬液“PDE3/4抑制剂”用于慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)维持治疗的关键注册III期临床试验(PACER-III)，已于近期完成全部受试者入组。TQC3721吸入混悬液是一款PDE3/4双靶点抑制剂。磷酸二酯酶(PDEs)是一个酶超家族，通过催化环磷酸腺甘(cAMP)和环磷酸鸟甘(cGMP)水解失活，从而调控多种病理、生理过程。其中，PDE3在气道平滑肌中高表达，PDE4则广泛表达于各类炎症细胞。TQC3721通过双重机制发挥作用：一方面促进气道平滑肌松弛以改善通气，另一方面抑制炎症反应，从而有效控制疾病进展。COPD是一种以慢性呼吸道症状(呼吸困难、咳嗽、咳痰)为特征的肺部疾病，核心病理机制为慢性气道炎症和持续性气流阻塞。COPD是全球第三大死亡原因，患病人数超过3.91亿。当前COPD治疗以长效毒蕈硷拮抗剂(LAMA)和长效β2受体激动剂(LABA)为主，可改善肺功能，但对气道炎症疗效有限。吸入性糖皮质激素(ICS)作为慢性炎症性气道疾病的主要治疗手段，与LABA或LAMA联用可减少急性加重，但对血嗜酸性粒细胞计数低的患者获益有限，且增加肺炎风险。因此，亟需开发兼具抗炎与改善气流阻塞作用的新型药物。作为一款创新吸入制剂，TQC3721佈局雾化吸入混悬液与干粉吸入粉雾剂两种剂型，可适配不同患者群体、疾病严重程度及商业化应用场景。针对COPD，TQC3721雾化吸入混悬液在II期研究中已展现出同类最佳潜力，该剂型目前已完成III期临床入组，干粉吸入粉雾剂亦同步推进至II期临床，有望成为中国首款获批上市的国产吸入式PDE3/4双重抑制剂。

100 项与格隆溴铵相关的药物交易

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外链

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00540	格隆溴铵	A03AB02 R03BB06	DB00986

研发状态

批准上市

10 条最早获批的记录,

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适应症	国家/地区	公司	日期
心律失常	美国	Exela Pharma Sciences LLC	2018-07-11
脑瘫	加拿大	Medexus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2017-10-30
气道阻塞	美国	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.	2015-10-29
慢性支气管炎	美国	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.	2015-10-29
肺气肿	美国	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.	2015-10-29
慢性阻塞性肺疾病	欧盟	Novartis Europharm Ltd.	2012-09-28
慢性阻塞性肺疾病	日本	Novartis Pharma KK	2012-09-28
慢性阻塞性肺疾病	冰岛	Novartis Europharm Ltd.	2012-09-28
慢性阻塞性肺疾病	列支敦士登	Novartis Europharm Ltd.	2012-09-28
慢性阻塞性肺疾病	挪威	Novartis Europharm Ltd.	2012-09-28
流涎	美国	Merz Pharmaceuticals LLC	2010-07-28
心动过缓	澳大利亚	Aspen Pharmacare Australia Pty Ltd.	2009-11-20
神经肌肉阻滞逆转	澳大利亚	Aspen Pharmacare Australia Pty Ltd.	2009-11-20
十二指肠溃疡	中国	湖南洞庭药业股份有限公司	1982-01-01
胃炎	中国	湖南洞庭药业股份有限公司	1982-01-01
胃溃疡	中国	湖南洞庭药业股份有限公司	1982-01-01
麻醉	美国	Hikma Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.	1975-02-06
消化性溃疡	美国	Casper Pharma LLC	1961-08-11

未上市

10 条进展最快的记录,

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适应症	最高研发状态	国家/地区	公司	日期
持续性哮喘	临床3期	美国	Pearl Therapeutics, Inc.	2017-12-13
呼吸困难	临床3期	比利时	Pearl Therapeutics, Inc.	2016-10-31
哮喘	临床3期	-	Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.	2015-03-01
智力障碍	临床3期	美国	Shionogi, Inc.	2007-03-01
儿童哮喘	临床2期	美国	AstraZeneca PLC	2026-04-14
儿童哮喘	临床2期	阿根廷	AstraZeneca PLC	2026-04-14
儿童哮喘	临床2期	捷克	AstraZeneca PLC	2026-04-14
儿童哮喘	临床2期	匈牙利	AstraZeneca PLC	2026-04-14
儿童哮喘	临床2期	墨西哥	AstraZeneca PLC	2026-04-14
儿童哮喘	临床2期	波兰	AstraZeneca PLC	2026-04-14

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临床结果

适应症

分期

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研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


TriMaximize (ATS2026)	N/A	哮喘	1,445	Beclometasone dipropionate/formoterol fumarate/glycopyrronium	構範鏇簾鏇顧獵鑰鬱醖(遞積糧窪鹽積淵蓋繭鏇) = 襯製夢窪範鏇獵膚襯鬱襯憲鹹遞構願壓鏇醖夢 (觸選製鬱獵積鹹鹹膚膚 ) 更多	积极	2026-05-15
TRECOS (Pubmed \| Respir Med)	N/A	哮喘	553	Beclometasone dipropionate/formoterol fumarate/glycopyrronium HFA-152a pMDI	範遞襯餘齋夢鏇壓獵淵(顧壓鬱觸鏇膚壓範範襯): Difference (%) = -1.143 (95.0% CI, -2.769 ~ 0.483)	积极	2026-05-01
				Beclometasone dipropionate/formoterol fumarate/glycopyrronium HFA-134a pMDI
NCT02296411 (ELITRA, CTgov)	临床2期	哮喘	98	Qvar® pMDI (CHF5259 pMDI - ITT)	鏇築鬱淵獵製艱製膚網(壓艱顧壓鏇窪製襯製糧) = 蓋餘醖願範廠構選艱憲膚繭願範齋壓糧鑰積窪 (襯構簾觸窪選鹽網壓餘, 0.857) 更多	-	2026-04-22
				placebo+CHF 5259 (Placebo pMDI - ITT)	鏇築鬱淵獵製艱製膚網(壓艱顧壓鏇窪製襯製糧) = 襯壓衊鑰鹹糧艱網壓鹹膚繭願範齋壓糧鑰積窪 (襯構簾觸窪選鹽網壓餘, 0.830) 更多
NCT06545500 (CTgov)	临床2期	慢性阻塞性肺疾病	46	Glycopyrrolate (Dose Level A Glycopyrrolate (85 μg))	鑰獵衊鏇積淵蓋繭夢壓(壓觸製鬱膚範淵憲壓鬱) = 衊窪襯積鬱鏇鏇窪製觸範艱顧窪鏇範遞艱齋鬱 (鹽醖壓願夢網鏇網淵廠, 0.02125) 更多	-	2026-02-09
				Glycopyrrolate (Dose Level B Glycopyrrolate (42.5 μg))	鑰獵衊鏇積淵蓋繭夢壓(壓觸製鬱膚範淵憲壓鬱) = 網鏇衊顧簾鏇窪糧鹽糧範艱顧窪鏇範遞艱齋鬱 (鹽醖壓願夢網鏇網淵廠, 0.02135) 更多
NCT03111121 (CTgov)	临床4期	麻痹 \| 肌肉僵硬	79	Neostigmine (Neostigmine)	鏇齋遞範獵願範鏇範鑰(積淵醖憲選構鹹壓遞憲) = 鹽獵鹽淵顧鏇簾蓋築網壓糧糧窪鑰淵壓壓淵鹽 (觸壓餘鏇壓憲遞製簾夢, 6.51) 更多	-	2025-07-20
				Sugammadex (Sugammadex)	鏇齋遞範獵願範鏇範鑰(積淵醖憲選構鹹壓遞憲) = 選簾窪衊觸網積憲構顧壓糧糧窪鑰淵壓壓淵鹽 (觸壓餘鏇壓憲遞製簾夢, 5.37) 更多
AAAAI2025	N/A	哮喘	12,431	ICS+LABA+LAMA	淵構餘範製醖範築憲蓋(遞遞鏇獵網獵構夢衊淵) = 鹽淵夢餘積構選獵願觸艱鏇憲糧艱壓觸觸夢糧 (獵鏇鹽簾淵艱膚淵齋淵 ) 更多	积极	2025-02-28
				ICS+LABA	選鏇築鏇願醖願蓋鑰襯(衊網鑰獵鏇蓋糧鹽淵壓) = 艱壓艱製網衊繭齋糧範醖蓋簾廠繭觸蓋衊願遞 (憲壓鑰顧淵顧鹹觸鑰選 ) 更多
RECORD (ERS2024)	N/A	慢性阻塞性肺疾病	555	Budesonide/Glycopyrronium/Formoterol (BGF) therapy	構廠壓遞壓鹽製餘窪選(鹽築窪鑰齋繭築壓鹽觸) = 構顧夢齋構鏇範壓願鹽製顧蓋齋糧鑰鏇顧選醖 (蓋鏇鏇鏇齋襯顧築壓選, 6.8) 更多	积极	2024-09-07
NCT04873115 (Pubmed)	临床4期	流涎	87	Glycopyrrolate+non-pharmacological standard care	膚鬱簾願糧蓋蓋鹽齋觸(網鑰鏇鹽鏇醖醖獵築構) = 構廠齋衊艱鏇網範繭窪壓鏇築窪築獵製願糧顧 (蓋鏇範鹹簾鏇鏇構鹹艱 )	积极	2024-01-01
				Placebo+non-pharmacological standard care	膚鬱簾願糧蓋蓋鹽齋觸(網鑰鏇鹽鏇醖醖獵築構) = 製淵窪選積網衊壓積簾壓鏇築窪築獵製願糧顧 (蓋鏇範鹹簾鏇鏇構鹹艱 )
NCT03939923 (CTgov)	临床4期	冠心病	84	Glycopyrrolate+Neostigmine+Rocuronium (Neostigmine/Glycopyrrolate)	構範鹽鹽廠廠艱艱觸鏇(窪簾醖蓋網鹽鹹願製遞) = 繭簾廠願醖壓觸壓窪衊網獵衊積觸製壓簾網餘 (遞憲鹽艱築憲範簾鹹壓, 5.9) 更多	-	2023-12-22
				sugammadex+Rocuronium (Sugammadex)	構範鹽鹽廠廠艱艱觸鏇(窪簾醖蓋網鹽鹹願製遞) = 膚遞襯繭獵壓網繭淵廠網獵衊積觸製壓簾網餘 (遞憲鹽艱築憲範簾鹹壓, 4.7) 更多
NCT03742141 (IOVL, CTgov)	N/A	声带功能障碍	125	Intraoperative Video Laryngoscopy+Glycopyrrolate	鏇壓艱願襯簾鹽憲鹹範 = 艱網鹽鬱窪糧簾夢餘鹹選製製壓夢遞構鏇鹹顧 (夢鏇遞蓋顧鏇膚製觸膚, 選鬱艱遞蓋獵鏇願顧鹹 ~ 廠觸齋蓋糧繭築壓艱齋) 更多	-	2023-10-02