PARP1/2 have overlapping yet non-redundant biological functions in DNA repair and AR-transcriptional regulation. Studies on PARP alterations in human tumors have yielded conflicting results. In prostate cancer (PCa), PARP1/2 protein overexpression has been related to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) resistance, biochemical recurrence, and progression to metastases. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have been approved for treating metastatic castration-resistant PCa with homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene mutations. However, the significance of PARP1/2 genomic alterations is not fully studied. We aimed to analyze PARP1/2 alterations in PCa, to assess their value as prognostic markers, and to explore their relevance for potential therapeutic stratification. PARP1/2 copy number status was evaluated in 121 PCa primary tumors through real time PCR. In 29 of them, a regional pelvic lymph node (RLN) involvement was also analyzed. BRCA1/2 somatic mutations were analyzed in 24 PCa. Relationship with clinicopathological features, progression to metastases, and PSA recurrence was assessed. PARP1 loss and PARP2 gain were detected in 34.7% and 32.2% of primary tumors, respectively, with a high frequency of co-occurrence (p<0.001). Both alterations were statistically associated with locally-advanced disease at diagnosis (p=0.036; p=0.006), metastatic dissemination (p=0.014; p=0.003), and other aggressive clinicopathological characteristics (as presence of Gleason pattern 5, high-grade, and high-stage). Cases with exclusive PARP2 gain had the shortest time to PSA recurrence, while double wt patients displayed the best outcome (p=0.007). In 29 paired primary tumors and RLN involvement, PARP1 loss showed strong concordance (p=0.001), whereas PARP2 gain did not (p=0.411). In conclusion, loss of PARP1 and gain of PARP2 show strong co-occurrence, and are associated with clinicopathological characteristics of aggressiveness. PARP2 alterations appear to have a particularly significant impact on disease prognosis. Furthermore, these data suggest that the analysis of PARP1/2 copy number status could be useful to predict PCa outcome. Its role on therapy warrants further evaluation.